CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

Wastewater is water that has been used and must be treated before it is released into
another body of water, so that it does not cause further pollution of water
sources. Wastewater comes from a variety of sources. Everything that you flush down
your toilet or rinse down the drain is wastewater. Rainwater and runoff, along with
various pollutants, go down street gutters and eventually end up at a wastewater treatment
facility. Wastewater can also come from agricultural and industrial sources. Some
wastewaters are more difficult to treat than others; for example, industrial wastewater can
be difficult to treat, whereas domestic wastewater is relatively easy to treat (though it is
increasingly difficult to treat domestic waste, due to increased amounts of
pharmaceuticals and personal care products that are found in domestic wastewater.
Wastewater or sewage is the byproduct of many uses of water. There are the household
uses such as Showering, dishwashing, laundry and, of course, flushing the toilet.
Additionally, companies use water for many purposes including processes, products, and
cleaning or rinsing of parts. After the water has been used, it enters the wastewater
stream, and it flows to the wastewater treatment plant.
Statement of the Problem
In mekelle university at arid campus there is various sources of wastewaters like
wastewater from laundry, toilet, laboratory, cafe, bath room, lounge and human waste
which can be affect/harm the environment as well as the peoples who live around the
campus (arid) either bad odor exist or contact with skin. Then in order to prevent/protect
from exposure of those contaminants different stages of wastewater treatment
mechanisms are takes place.
Objective
General objective:
The general objective of this study is treatment of wastewater in Mekelle University at
Arid campus using different stage of prevention mechanism. The aim is to create a safe
environmental condition and comfortable to live, to protect health of the people around
the campus.
Specific objective

 To characterize the effluent wastewater parameters including BOD 5, COD, TSS and TDS,
TN,TP and NH3-N
To reduce formation of bad odor
Removal of pollutants and the protection and preservation of our natural
water resources.

CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW