SKEMA JAWAPAN KERTAS 2

NO.
1.a

2.a
b

c
d
3.a

c
d
e
f
4.a

JAWAPAN
i. Argon/ Ar
ii. Sodium chloride
iii. Liquid
iv. In solid state, it does not have free moving ions
In aqueous state, it have free moving ions
v. It already achieve stable/octet electron arrangements
i. T1
ii.heat is release to surroundings
is the same as heat liberated in the formation of bond in the
particles
iii. Liquid and gas
Chemical formulae that shows the simplest ratio no of atom of every
element in a compound
i. Mg= 2.4 g
O = 1.6 g
ii.
Mg : O
0.1 mole : 0.1 mole
1:1
v. MgO
vi. to let oxygen enter the crucible
vii. repeat the procees of heating, cooling and weighing until constant
mass is obtain
functional diagram
- Correct label
i. Zinc/ Aluminium (anyr reactive metals)
ii. Ag is less reactive than hydrogen
i. Neon/argon/chlorine/oxygen
ii. Ne (Group 18, Period 2) or
Ar (Group 18, Period 3) or
Cl (Group 17, Period 3) or
O (Group 16, Period 2)
i.Neon / Argon
ii. -it has octet electron arrangement
-it does not need to donate, share or receive any electron from
other elements
Ne, O, Ar, Cl, Al, Mg, Na
It can react with acid and alkali
Oxygen
Halogen
i. Diffusion in solid
ii. Ion
iii. the particles move from higher concentration towards lower
concentration of KMnO4 between the smaller spaces in solid agar
i. proton / neutron
ii. same element but different atoms that same proton no but different
nucleon no
iii. determine the age of fossils

MARKAH
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1

5.a
b

d
6.a

b
c
7. a
b
c

8.a

iv. 8
v. 2.4
X= 2.4
Y=2.8.1
i. same element but different atoms that same proton no but different
nucleon no
ii. C-14=determine age of fossils
Na-24= determine the rate of absorption of fertilizers in plants
P-32 = detect pipe leakage
(choose any two)rtttttttttty8h
i.12
ii. 23
Y
11
Liquid
i.AgNO3
ii. ZnCl2
iii. AgCl
iv. Zn(NO3)2
Reactants : AgNO3, ZnCl2
Products : Zn(NO3)2, AgCl
2NaCl + MgSO4 Na2SO4 + MgCl2
X=2.4
Y=2.6
Z=2.8.1
i. Covalent compound
ii.Ionic compound
i.- X have valence electron 4 and it need to share 4 electron to achieve
octet electron arrangement
-Y have valence electron 6 and it need to accept 2 electron to achieve
octet electron arrangement
- 1 atom X share its valence electron with 2 atom Y to form XY 2
- drawing
ii. Z have 1 valenece electron and it need to donate 1 electron to
achieve octet electron arrangement
- Y have valence electron 6 and it need to accept 2 electron to achieve
octet electron arrangement
- 2 atom Z donate 1 electron to 1 atom Y to form Z2Y
-drawing
-It cannot conduct electricity in molten and aqueous state
-It exist as molecule and does not have free moving ions
- It has low melting points
- It have weak Van der Waals forces
- Low heat energy required to overcome the forces of attraction
between particle
Subatomic particles
Relative mass
Relative charge
proton
1
+1
neutron
1
0
electron
1/1840
-1

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1+1
1
1
1
1+1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1+1
1+1
1+1

Electron arrangement
X = 2.4
Y = 2.1
Z=1

1
1
1

Atomic structure

9. a

X , p=6, n=6
Y, p=3, n=4
Z, p=1, n=o
i.
Element
Na
C
Mg

1
1
1
Valence electron
1
4
2

No.of shell
3
2
3

ii. Group 14, Period 2

i. C6H12O6
ii. 12(6) + 1(12) + 16(6) = 180
iii. CH2O
iv. [empirical formulae]n = molecular formulae
Materials: Magnesium ribbon
Apparatus: Bunsen burner, tripod stand, tri-clay pipe, crucible and lid,
tong, sand paper
Procedure:
i. weight crucible lid and magnesium ribbon.
ii. the apparatus are set up as the diagram.
ii. Heat the crucible without lid until sparkle exist/ magnesium ribbon
is burn brightly
iii. Close the lid using tongs,
iv. Open once in a while the lid
v. Close the Bunsen burner when the magnesium ribbon produce
white fume
vi. Weight the crucible after become cool

7.a

Two safety precautions:

i. Clean the magnesium ribbon with sand paper
ii. Open the lid once in a while
iii. process of heating, cooling and weighing is repeated
until a constant mass is obtained.
Chemical equation:
2Mg + O2 2MgO
i.
Physical state
Explanations
AB= solid
-heat energy is absorb by particles
-kinetic energy increase/ particles
vibrate more
BC=solid + liquid
-melting point

1+1
1+1
1+1
1+1
2
1+1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2

1+1
1
1+1

CD= liquid

- heat is absorb from surrounding

-is used to overcome the forces of
attraction between particles
-heat energy is absorb by particles
-kinetic energy increase/ particles
vibrate more

ii. AB = solid (drawing)

CD= liquid
b

Materials: Acetamide
Apparatus: Boiling tube, water bath, retort stand, burette, Bunsen
burner, wire gauze, tripod stand, thermometer, spatula
Procedure:
1. Apparatus are set up as diagram 1.
2. Time is start and the reading of temperature is recorded every 30
seconds.
3. The heating is stop until 600c is obtained.

1
1
1+1
1

1
1
1 [both answer correct]
1
2
3
1
1