Entropy change for an irreversible process

An irreversible procedure expands the entropy of the universe. Be that as it may, on the grounds
that entropy is a state capacity, the adjustment in entropy of the system is the same whether the
procedure is reversible or irreversible. The second law of thermodynamics can be utilized to
figure out if a procedure is reversible or not.
Keeping in mind the end goal to assess the entropy change for an irreversible procedure, use the
initial and final states of system for transformation from reversible process. For a disconnected
system, the change in entropy is more prominent than zero.
Express the change in entropy for the system absorbing heat.
2
dQ dQdis
S surr
T
2
Here, the subscripts 1 and 2 referred as initial and final state, heat rejected due to
dQsurr
dQdis
surroundings is
, heat dissipative is
, and absolute temperature is T.
Express the change in entropy for the system rejecting heat.
2
dQsystem
S
T
2
dQsystem

Here, heat rejected due to the system is