Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
1. We
saw
how
useful
the
ratios
of
the
sides
of
right
triangles
could
be
for
us.
These
are
so
important
to
mathematicians
that
they
gave
them
names.
(They
come
from
Latin.)
Sine
Cosine
Tangent
leg opposite of angle
leg adjacent to the angle
leg opposite of angle
tan() =
sin() =
cos() =
hypotenuse
hypotenuse
leg adjacent to the angle
this
is
often
shortened
this
is
often
shortened
this
is
often
shortened
SOH
CAH
TOA
It
is
important
to
note
that
although
the
names
might
seem
fancy,
their
meanings
are
simply
the
ratio
of
sides
of
a
right
triangle.
And
those
ratios
are
important
because
all
similar
right
triangles
have
the
same
ratios!
So
with
our
fancy
new
names,
the
Table
of
Right
Triangle
Ratios
is
actually:
Angle
(degree)
21
22
23
24
44
45
46
47
79
80
81
82
sin()
cos()
tan()
0.3584
0.3746
0.3907
0.4067
0.6947
0.7071
0.7193
0.7314
0.9816
0.9848
0.9877
0.9903
0.9336
0.9272
0.9205
0.9135
0.7193
0.7071
0.6947
0.6820
0.1908
0.1736
0.1564
0.1392
0.3839
0.4040
0.4245
0.4452
0.9657
1.0000
1.0355
1.0724
5.1446
5.6713
6.3138
7.1154
And
I
know
youve
seen
these
buttons
on
your
calculator!
Check
it!
Make
sure
your
calculator
is
in
degree
mode
by
pressing
MODE
and
then
make
sure
DEGREE
is
highlighted.
If
it
isnt,
use
the
arrow
buttons
to
highlight
degree
and
press
Enter
so
it
is.
Type
cos(46)
Geometrically,
it
means:
For
any
right
triangle
with
an
angle
of
46
degrees,
Type
sin(44)
Geometrically,
it
means:
For
any
right
triangle
with
an
angle
of
44
degrees,
Yup.
Your
calculator
has
built
into
it
our
Table
of
Right
Triangle
Ratios.
Fancy!
But
even
better,
we
can
get
these
ratios
for
non-integer
angle
right
triangles!
(c)
Use
your
calculator
to
find
the
hypotenuse.
(d) Use your calculator to find the side adjacent to the given angle:
(e)
Use
your
calculator
to
find
the
sides
opposite
to
and
adjacent
to
the
given
angle:
Super
duper
important
conclusion
#1:
Your
calculators
sine,
cosine,
and
tangent
buttons
are
simply
a
quick
way
to
get
an
accurate
ratio
of
sides
from
the
calculators
extensive
internal
Table
of
Right
Triangle
Ratios.
In
essence,
your
calculator
is
doing
the
work
of
looking
up
the
table
values
for
you.
Nothing
more.
Super
duper
important
conclusion
#2:
To
get
your
calculator
to
give
you
the
right
values
in
its
extensive
Table
of
Right
Triangle
Ratios,
you
input
the
angle
into
,
and
it
will
give
you
an
output
of
a
ratio
of
sides.
When
you
enter
sin(42)
into
your
calculator
you
are
basically
saying,
Hey
calculator,
do
you
mind
telling
me
the
ratio
of
the
side
opposite
to
the
42
degree
angle
to
the
hypotenuse?.
2. More
Practice,
for
problems
youve
done
before!
3. But
wait!
Theres
more!
If
we
know
a
ratio
of
sides,
we
can
actually
use
our
calculator
to
find
the
missing
angles
too!
(a)
If
we
call
the
missing
angle
(a
Greek
letter
commonly
used
for
angles,
theta),
we
1.244
know
that
cos( ) =
0.4539814612 .
Use
our
Table
of
Right
Triangle
Ratios
to
2.7402
find
the
missing
angle
to
the
nearest
degree.
(b)
Now
were
going
to
use
our
calculator.
To
find
the
missing
angle,
we
use
a
related
key
on
our
calculator.
Instead
of
using
cosine,
were
using
something
called
inverse
cosine.
For
now,
just
know
that
what
this
does
is
it
looks
through
the
calculators
internal
extensive
table
of
trig
ratios,
finds
the
appropriate
one,
and
outputs
the
angle.
Enter
this
on
your
calculator:
We
could
do
the
same
with
inverse
sine
and
inverse
tangent.
(c)
Whats
nice
is
that
because
the
calculator
has
a
built
in
extensive
table
of
right
triangle
ratios,
we
can
get
really
accurate
angle
measures.
Redo
the
following
problems
that
youve
done
before,
but
using
your
calculator.
(d)
For
the
following
two
problems,
write
down
three
different
things
you
could
type
on
your
calculator
to
give
you
the
missing
angle:
Super
duper
important
conclusion
#1:
Your
calculators
inverse
sine,
inverse
cosine,
and
inverse
tangent
buttons
are
simply
a
quick
way
to
get
an
accurate
angle
by
using
an
internal
extensive
Table
of
Right
Triangle
Ratios.
In
essence,
your
calculator
is
doing
the
work
of
looking
up
the
table
values
for
you.
Nothing
more.
Super
duper
important
conclusion
#2:
To
get
your
calculator
to
give
you
the
right
values
in
its
extensive
Table
of
Right
Triangle
Ratios,
you
input
the
ratio
of
sides
into
angle.
4. What
are
the
similarities
and
differences
in
the
Platonic
Right
Triangles
book
and
the
Table
of
Right
Triangle
Ratios?
5. What
are
the
similarities
and
differences
in
the
Table
of
Right
Triangle
Ratios
and
your
calculators
sine/cosine/tangent/inverse
sine/inverse
cosine/inverse
tangent
capabilities?
`
6. (a)
Student
A
says
that
the
missing
side
of
the
triangle
can
be
found
by
saying:
missing side
cos(49.3o ) =
3.04
o
3.04 cos(49.3 ) = missing side
Are
you
sure
you
want
a
hint?
I
dont
know.
You
might
want
to
just
continue
thinking
about
it
No?
Okay.
Fine.
Finding
the
area
of
a
right
triangle
is
easier
than
the
area
of
a
random
triangle.
So
divide
this
triangle
into
two
right
triangles.
7. Look
at
this
excerpt
of
the
Table
of
Trig
Ratios,
copied
from
above.
Angle
(degree)
21
47
80
sin()
cos()
tan()
0.3584
0.7314
0.9848
0.9336
0.6820
0.1736
0.3839
1.0724
5.6713
(a)
Do
the
division
sin()
for
the
three
angles.
What
do
you
notice?
cos()
(b)
Explain
this!
(Hint:
think
about
the
geometric
meaning
of
sine,
cosine,
and
tangent)
(c) Calculate (sin())2 + (cos())2 for the three angles. What do you notice?
9. Find
the
length
of
CD,
if
angle
BAD
is
33
degrees,
and
BAC
is
30
degrees.