Ex.

No: 1

ARITHMETIC OPERATION

AIM:
To write and execute an assembly language program for add, subtract, multiply and divide two
16 bit unsigned numbers in 8086 kit and MASM.
APPARATUS:
1. 8086 microprocessor kit/MASM ----1
2. Power card ----1
3. Keyboard ----1
4. PC with Intel/AMD Processor----1
ALGORITHM:
1. Load the First Data in AX-register.
2. Load the First Data in BX-register.
2. Add the two data and get the sum in AX-register.
3. Store the sum in memory location.
4. Stop the program.
PROGRAM:
i) By Using Masm:
CODE SEGMENT
ASSUME CS: CODE, DS: CODE
ORG 1000H
MOV AX, 1234H
MOV BX, 1234H
ADD AX, BX
MOV SI, 1200H
MOV [SI], AX
MOV AH, 4CH
INT 21H
CODE ENDS
END
ii) By using 8086 kit:
ADDRESS

OPCODE

LABEL

MNEMONIC

COMMENTS

C7,C0,34,1
2
C7,C3,34,1
2
01,D8

MOV AX,1234H

Load AX-register with 1st data

MOV BX,1234H

Load BX-register with 2nd data

ADD AX,BX

Add the contents of AX with BX

MOV SI,1200H

Assign SI-reg to 1200H

100E

C7,C6,00,1
2
89,04

MOV [SI],AX

Store the sum

1010

F4

HLT

Stop the program

1000
1004
1008
100A

OUTPUT:
INPUT

OUTPUT

Register
AX
BX

Data
1234H
1234H

Address
1200H
1201H

Data
68
24

16-BIT SUBTRACTION:
ALGORITHM:
1. Load the First Data in AX-register.
2. Load the First Data in BX-register.
3. Subtract the content of BX-reg from AX-register.
4. Store the result in memory location.
5. Stop the program.
PROGRAM:
i) BY USING MASM:
CODE SEGMENT
ASSUME CS: CODE, DS: CODE
ORG 1000H
MOV AX, 0FFFFH
MOV BX, 0EEEEH
SUB AX, BX
MOV SI, 1200H
MOV [SI], AX
MOV AH, 4CH
INT 21H
CODE ENDS
END
ii) By using 8086 kit:
OPCODE
ADDRESS

MNEMONIC

COMMENTS

MOV AX,FFFFH
MOV BX,EEEEH

1008

C7,C0,FF,FF
C7,C3,EE,E
E
29,D8

100A

C7,C6,00,12

MOV SI,1200H

Load AX-register with 1st data

Load BX-register with 2nd
data
Subtract the contents of BX
from AX-register
Assign SI-reg to 1200H

100E

89,04

MOV [SI],AX

Store the result

1010

F4

HLT

Stop the program

1000
1004

LABEL

SUB AX,BX

OUTPUT:
INPUT
Register
AX
BX

OUTPUT
Data
FFFFH
EEEEH

Address
1200H
1201H

Data
11
11

16-BIT MULTIPLICATION
ALGORITHM:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Load the First Data in AX-register.

Load the First Data in BX-register.
Subtract the content of BX-reg from AX-register.
Store the result in memory location.
Stop the program.

PROGRAM:
i) By using MASM:
CODE SEGMENT
ASSUME CS: CODE, DS: CODE
ORG 1000H
MOV AX, 4444H
MOV BX, 4444H
MUL BX
MOV SI, 1200H
MOV [SI], DX
MOV SI, 1202H
MOV [SI], AX
MOV AH, 4CH
INT 21H
CODE ENDS
END
ii) By using 8086 kit:
ADDRESS

OPCODE

1000
1004
1008

C7,C0, 4444
C7, C3, 4444
F7, E3

MOV AX,4444H
MOV BX,4444H
MUL BX

100a

C7, C6,
00,12
89, 14

MOV SI,1200H

Load AX-register with 1st data

Load BX-register with 2nd data
Multiply the contents of AX with
BX-register
Assign SI-reg to 1200H

MOV [SI],DX

Store the result

MOV SI,1202H

Assign SI-reg to 1202H

1014

C7, C6,
02,12
89,04

MOV [SI],AX

Store the result

1016

F4

HLT

Stop the program

100e
1010

LABEL

MNEMONIC

COMMENTS

OUTPUT:
INPUT
Register
AX
BX

OUTPUT
Data
4444H
4444H

Address
1200H
1201H
1202H
1203H

Data
34
12
10
32

32-BIT BY 16-BIT DIVISION

ALGORITHM:
1. Load the First Data in AX-register.
2. Load the First Data in BX-register.
3. Subtract the content of BX-reg from AX-register.
4. Store the result in memory location.
5. Stop the program.

PROGRAM:
i) By using MASM:
CODE SEGMENT
ASSUME CS: CODE, DS: CODE
ORG 1000H
MOV DX, 0000H
MOV AX, 8888H
MOV CX, 4444H
DIV CX
MOV SI, 1200H
MOV [SI], AX
MOV SI, 1202H
MOV [SI], DX
MOV AH, 4CH
INT 21H
CODE ENDS
END
ii) By using 8086 kit:
ADDRESS
OPCODE
LABEL
1000
C7, C2,00,00
1004

C7, C0,88,88

MOV AX,8888H

1008

C7, C1,44,44

MOV CX, 4444H

COMMENTS
Initialize DX-register with Lsb of
Dividend
Load AX-register with Msb of
Dividend
Load CX-register with Divisor

100C
100E
1012
1014

F7, F1
C7, C6,00,12
89, 04
C7, C6,02,12

DIV CX
MOV SI,1200H
MOV [SI],AX
MOV SI,1202H

Divide AX by CX-register
Assign SI-reg to 1200H
Store the Quotient
Assign SI-reg to 1202H

MOV [SI],DX

Store the Remainder

HLT

Stop the program

1018

89, 14

101A

F4

MNEMONICS
MOV DX,0000H

OUTPUT:
INPUT
Register
DX

OUTPUT
Data
0000H

Address
1200H

Data
00(quotient)

AX
CX

8888H
4444H

1202H
1203H
1204H

02(quotient)
00(remainder)
00(remainder)

RESULT:
Thus an assembly language program for add, subtract, multiply and divide two 16 bit
unsigned numbers was executed using MASM and 8086 kit.
Ex. No: 1B

LOGICAL OPERATION

AIM:
To write and execute an assembly language program for performing logical OR, AND,
NAND operation in 8086 kit and MASM.
APPARATUS:
1. 8086 microprocessor kit/MASM ----1
2. Power card ----1
3. Keyboard ----1
4. PC with Intel/AMD Processor----1
ALGORITHM:
1. Load the First Data in AL-register.
2. Load the Second Data in BL-register.
3. Logically OR the content of AL with BL-register.
4. Store the result in memory location.
5. Stop the program
PROGRAM:
i) By using MASM:
CODE SEGMENT
ASSUME CS: CODE
START: MOV AL, 85H
MOV BL, 99H
OR AL, BL
INT 3H
CODE ENDS
END START
ii) By using 8086 kit:
ADDRESS
OPCODE
LABEL
1000
C6,C0,85
1003
C6,C3,99

MNEMONICS
MOV AL,85H
MOV BL,99H

COMMENTS
Load AL-register with 1st Data
Load BX-register with 2nd Data

1006

08,D8

OR AL, BL

1008

MOV SI,1200H

100C

C7,C6,00,1
2
89,04

OR the contents of AL with BLregister

Assign SI-reg to 1200H

MOV [SI],AX

Store the Result

100E

F4

HLT

Stop the program

OUTPUT:
INPUT

OUTPUT

Register
AL
BL

Data
85H
95H

Address
1200H

Data
9D

LOGICAL AND OPERATION

ALGORITHM:
1. Load the First Data in AL-register.
2. Load the Second Data in BL-register.
3. Logically AND the content of AL with BL-register.
4. Store the result in memory location.
5. Stop the program
PROGRAM:
i) By using MASM:
CODE SEGMENT
ASSUME CS: CODE
START: MOV AL, 85H
MOV BL, 99H
AND AL, BL
INT 3H
CODE ENDS
END START
ii) By using 8086 kit:
ADDRESS
OPCODE
1000
1000
C6,C0,85
1003
C6,C3,99
1006

20,D8

1008

C7,C6,00,12

100C

89,04

100E

F4

LABEL

MNEMONICS
Org 1000h
MOV AL,85H
MOV BL,99H

COMMENTS
Starting address of the program
Load AL-register with 1st Data
Load BX-register with 2nd Data

AND AL, BL
MOV SI,1200H

AND the contents of AL with BLregister

Assign SI-reg to 1200H

MOV [SI],AX

Store the Result

HLT

Stop the program

OUTPUT:
INPUT
Register
AL
BL

OUTPUT
Data
85H
95H

Address
1200H

Data
81H

LOGICAL NAND OPERATION

ALGORITHM:
1. Load the First Data in AL-register.
2. Load the Second Data in BX-register.
3. Logically AND the content of AX with BX-register.
4. Logically the content of AX register is complemented.
5. Store the result in memory location.
6. Stop the program
PROGRAM:
i) By using MASM:
CODE SEGMENT
ASSUME CS: CODE
START: MOV AL, 85H
MOV BL, 99H
ADD AL, BL
NOT AL
INT 3H
CODE ENDS
END START
ii) By using 8086 kit:
ADDRESS
OPCODE
LABEL
1000
C6,C0,85
1003
C6,C3,99

MNEMONICS
MOV AL,85H
MOV BL,99H

COMMENTS
Load AL-register with 1st Data
Load BX-register with 2nd Data

MOV SI,1200H

AND the contents of AL with BLregister

Complement the contents of ALregister
Assign SI-reg to 1200H

MOV [SI],AX

Store the Result

HLT

Stop the program

1006

20,D8

AND AL, BL

1008

F6,D0

NOT AL

100A
100E

C7,C6,00,1
2
89,04

1010

F4

OUTPUT:
INPUT
Register
AL
BL

OUTPUT
Data
85H
95H

Address
1200H

VIVA QUESTIONS:
1. What is a Microprocessor?
2. What is the need for timing diagram?
3. Define mnemonics.
4. What is the difference between min mode and max mode of 8086?
5. What is flag?

Data
7EH

6. What is stack?
7. What is interrupt?
8. What are the various interrupts in 8086?
9. What is the difference between compiler and assembler?
10. Which interrupts are generally used for critical events?
RESULT:
Thus an assembly language program for performing logical OR, AND, NAND operation was
executed using MASM and 8086 kit.

EXP. NO: 14A

ARITHMETIC OPERATIONS USING 8051

AIM:
To write and execute an assembly language program for Add, subtract, multiply and division of
two 8-bit numbers using 8051.
APPARATUS:
1. 8051 microcontroller kit ----1
2. Power card ----1
3. Keyboard ----1
4. PC with Intel/AMD Processor----1
ALGORITHM:
1. Load the First Data in A-register.
2. Load the Second Data in B-register.
3. Add the two data with carry.
4. Store the sum in memory location.
5. Stop the program.
PROGRAM:
ADDRESS
4100
4102
4105

OPCODE
74,05
75,F0,05
35,F0

LABEL

PROGRAM
MOV A,#data
MOV B,#data
ADDC A,B

4107

90,45,00

MOV DPTR,#4500H

410A
410B

F0
80, FE

MOVX @ DPTR,A
SJMP STOP

STOP:

COMMENTS
Load data 1 in accumulator.
Load data 2 in B-register
Add the contents of
accumulator and B-reg with
carry.
Initialize DPTR with
address 4500H
Store the result in 4500H
Stop the program

OUTPUT:
INPUT
Register
A-register
B-register

OUTPUT
Data
02H
04H

Address
4500

Data
06H

SUBTRACTION
ALGORITHM:
1. Load the First Data in A-register.
2. Load the Second Data in B-register.
3. Subtract the two data with borrow.
4. Store the sum in memory location.
5. Stop the program.
PROGRAM:
ADDRESS
4100
4102
4105

OPCODE
74,05
75,F0,04
95,F0

LABEL

4107

90 45 00

MOV DPTR,#4500H

410A
410B

F0
80, FE

MOVX @ DPTR,A
SJMP STOP

STOP:

PROGRAM
MOV A,#data
MOV B,#data
SUBB A,B

COMMENTS
Load data 1 in accumulator.
Load data 2 in B-register
Subtract the contents of Breg from accumulator with
borrow.
Initialize DPTR with
address 4500H
Store the result in 4500H
Stop the program

OUTPUT:
INPUT
Register
A-register
B-register

OUTPUT
Data
05H
01H

Address
4500

Data
04H

MULTIPLICATION
ALGORITHM:
1. Get the multiplier in the accumulator.
2. Get the multiplicand in the B register.
3. Multiply A with B.
4. Store the product in memory location.
5. Stop the program.
PROGRAM:
ADDRESS

OPCODE

LABEL

PROGRAM

COMMENTS

4100

74,05

MOV A,#data

Load data 1 in accumulator.

4102

75,F0,05

MOV B,#data

Load data 2 in B-register

4105

A4

MUL AB

A*B, Higher byte of result

in B and lower byte of result
in A.

4106

90,45,00

MOV DPTR,#4500H

Initialize DPTR with

address 4500H

4109

F0

MOVX @ DPTR,A

Store the LSB in 4500H

410A

A3

INC DPTR

Increment Data pointer

410B

E5,F0

410D

F0

410E

80, FE

STOP:

MOV A,B

Copy the content of B-reg to

A-register.

MOVX @ DPTR,A

Store the MSB in 4501H

SJMP STOP

Stop the program

OUTPUT:
INPUT
REGISTER
A
B

OUTPUT
DATA
5
5

ADDRESS
4500

DATA
19H

DIVISION
ALGORITHM:
1. Get the Dividend in the accumulator.
2. Get the Divisor in the B register.
3. Divide A by B.
4. Store the Quotient and Remainder in memory.
5. Stop the program.
PROGRAM:
ADDRESS

OPCODE

LABEL

PROGRAM

COMMENTS

4100

74,data1

MOV A,#data 1

Load data 1 in accumulator.

4102

75,data2

MOV B,#data 2

Load data 2 in B-register

4104

84

DIV AB

Divide. Remainder in A and

quotient in B

4105

90,45,00

MOV DPTR,#4500H

Initialize DPTR with

address 4500H

4108

F0

MOVX @ DPTR,A

Store the Remainder in

4500H

4109

A3

INC DPTR

Increment Data pointer

410A

E5,F0

MOV A,B

Copy the content of B-reg to

A-register.

410C

F0

MOVX @ DPTR,A

Store the quotient in 4501H

410D

80, FE

SJMP STOP

Stop the program

STOP:

OUTPUT:
INPUT
REGISTER
A-Register
B-Register
RESULT:

OUTPUT
DATA
05
03

ADDRESS
4500
4501

DATA
01(quotient)
02(remainder)

Thus an assembly language program for Division of two 8-bit numbers and 16-bit numbers
using 8051 was performed and its output was verified.

EXP. NO: 14B

LOGICAL OPERATIONS USING 8051

AIM:
To write and execute an assembly language program to perform logical operations using 8051.
APPARATUS:
1. 8051 microcontroller kit ----1
2. Power card ----1
3. Keyboard ----1
4. PC with Intel/AMD Processor----1
ALGORITHM:
1. Get the Data 1 in the R0-register.
2. Get the Data 2 in the A register.
3. Logical AND, OR, XOR A with R0.
4. Store the result in memory.
5. Stop the program.
PROGRAM: AND OPERATION
ADDRESS
4100

OPCODE
78,14

4102
4104

74,12
58

4105

90,45,00

4108
4100

F0
80, FE

LABEL

PROGRAM
MOV R0,#DATA 1

COMMENTS
Load data 1 in R0-reg.

MOV A,#DATA 2
ANL A,R0

Load data 2 in A-register

Logical AND the contents of
A-reg with R0-register.
Initialize DPTR with
address 4500H
Store the result in 4500H
Stop the program

MOV DPTR,#4500H

STOP:

MOVX @ DPTR,A
SJMP STOP

OUTPUT:
INPUT

OUTPUT

REGISTER
R0-Register
A-Register

DATA
14
12

ADDRESS
4500

DATA
10

PROGRAM: OR OPERATION
ADDRESS

OPCODE

LABEL

4100

78,14

MOV R0,#DATA 1

Load data 1 in R0-reg.

4102

74,12

MOV A,#DATA 2

Load data 2 in A-register

4104

58

ORL A,R0

Logical OR the contents of

A-reg with R0-register.

4105

90,45,00

MOV DPTR,#4500H

Initialize DPTR with

address 4500H

4108

F0

MOVX @ DPTR,A

Store the result in 4500H

4100

80, FE

SJMP STOP

Stop the program

STOP:

PROGRAM

COMMENTS

OUTPUT:
INPUT
REGISTER
R0-Register
A-Register

OUTPUT
DATA
14
12

ADDRESS
4500

DATA
16

PROGRAM: XOR OPERATION

ADDRESS

OPCODE

4100

78,14

MOV R0,#DATA 1

Load data 1 in R0-reg.

4102

74,12

MOV A,#DATA 2

Load data 2 in A-register

4104

68

XRL A,R0

Logical EX-OR the contents

of A-reg with R0-register.

4105

90,45,00

MOV DPTR,#4500H

Initialize DPTR with

address 4500H

4108

F0

MOVX @ DPTR,A

Store the result in 4500H

SJMP STOP

Stop the program

4100
OUTPUT:

80, FE

LABEL

STOP:

PROGRAM

INPUT
REGISTER
R0-Register
A-Register

COMMENTS

OUTPUT
DATA
14
12

ADDRESS
4500

DATA
06

VIVA QUESTIONS:
1. Difference between microprocessor and microcontroller.
2. Explain DJNZ instructions of Intel 8051 microcontroller?
3. Why 8051 is called 8 bit microcontroller?
4. What is the difference between Harvard and Newman architecture?
5. Intel 8051 follows which architecture: Harvard or Newman?
6. How much on-chip RAM is available?
7. What is special function registers?
8. What are the different industrial applications of micro controllers?
9. What is the difference between the CISC and RISC processors?
10. List the addressing modes of 8051
RESULT:
Thus an assembly language program for logical operations using 8051 was performed and its
output was verified.