Documente Academic
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Documente Cultură
Date:October 8, 2016
Figure 1.1
Figure 1.2
Figure 1.3
Figure 1.4
Figure 1.5
III. Observations
In electronics, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC, A/D, AD, or A-to-D) is a system
that converts an analog signal, such as a sound picked up by a microphone or a landscape
being photographed with a digital camera, into a digital signal. An ADC may also provide an
isolated measurement such as an electronic device that converts an input analog voltage or
To be able to determine the resolution of the converter and the number of bits
used in the converter.
b. Explain the choice of constants for the number of samples and the dt of the Sine
Wave.vi and Build Waveform nodes respectively.
A sampled continuous-time signal (a discrete-time signal) must have its values
discretized to make it a digital signal. The process of converting a discrete-time
continuous- value signal into a digital signal by expressing each sample value as a finite
(instead of an infinite) number of digits is called quantization. Since each sample is
being converted into one with discrete values during the process of quantization, an
error, called the quantization error quantization noise.
c. Question: Adjusting the values of the Analog Frequency F (Hz), complete the table
below.
Input Analog Frequency F (Hz)
100
100000
-99999000
300
300000
-299999000
500
500000
-499999000
700
700000
-699999000
800
800000
-799999000
900
900000
-899999000
1000
1000000
-999999000
d. Based on the table above, what analog frequencies did have an alias frequency? In
general, what range of frequencies of signals will have aliases based on the observations
that can be drawn from the table above? What is the relationship of frequencies of
signals which did have aliases to the sampling frequency?
Input analog frequency with 100 300 500 700 800 900 1000 are frequencies with
alias. Alias frequency range from -2999999000 up to -9999999000. Aliasing is an effect
that causes different signals to become indistinguishable (or aliases of one another)
when sampled. It also refers to the distortion or artifact that results when the signal
reconstructed from samples is different from the original continuous signal .
b. Discuss how the plot of the Quantization Error waveform graph was generated.
Quantization noise is a model of quantization error introduced by quantization in
the analog-to-digital conversion (ADC) in telecommunication systems and signal
processing. It is a
d. What is the data that is contained in the first and second columns of the spreadsheet
file?
The data that is contained in the first and second columns of the spreadsheet
file is a series of number that refers to SQNR by absolute and by decibel.
f. What does the SQNR parameter indicate with regards to the performance of an
analog-to- digital converter?
An ADC is defined by its bandwidth and its signal-to-noise ratio. The bandwidth
b. Discuss the functionality of the main VI.Interpret the output of the waveform graphs.
It is assumed that a unity amplitude sinusoid of 10 Hz is sampled at 80
Hz. To display the reconstructed analog signal, one sets the sampling frequency and
number of samples to 100 times those of discrete signal.
c. Adjusting the Oversampling Rate value while keeping the # of Period of Sinc
Function constant, what can be said about the reconstructed signal in comparison with
the original Analog signal?
The amplitude of reconstructed signal change upon oversampling rate change
over period of time and as oversampling rate increase , the sample signal produced
also increase over period of time.
d. Adjusting the # of Period of Sinc Function value while keeping the Oversampling Rate
constant, what can be said about the reconstructed signal in comparison with the
VI.
Machine Problems
Create a VI that will illustrate the analog-to-digital and digital-to-analog conversion of an audio
signal. The VI will read a recorded audio, convert it into digital form and back to the analog
form. The VI must illustrate the ADC process (sampling, quantizing, coding) as well as the
signal reconstruction using the sincfunction and write the reconstructed signal back to WAV
file. It must also demonstrate what will happen if aliasing occurs, and how to prevent it from
occurring. Call the main VI of this machine problem as macpro05.vi.
Answer:
Correct your Pre-Lab Question calculation of the full scale voltage of the DAQ by
measuring the actual high level output of the DAQ.[11] Build a LabVIEW driver for your
DAC.[12] Your drivers front panel should look something like:
where the Bit Pattern indicator is included for debugging purposes. You will have
to scale the output voltage to a bit pattern. LabVIEW already has Vis for many common
tasks such as this, try to find the right one for the job before you implement your own
(Try searching Boolean array). You should make sure that you cannot drive your DAC
with an out-of-range bit pattern. A convenient way to assure that you dont is to use