EKGs ABNORMAL

EKG

GROUP 13
ALEGARBES, FLORDILYN
BAGUHIN, MARY JANE
CASTANEDA, JONA
L:DACAL, CRISTABELLE
S:ESTRADA, KAREN ANN
KHO, RICARDO
PO, LAREINA
SANTOS, MARION
TORRES, KAYE
VELOSO, JOHN

E.G. 74yo.,
female
HPN, noncompliant to meds
Latest BP range: 150-16/90-100
Palpitations and shortness of
breath just walking 2 blocks
form her house
HFD: HPN

P.E.
-full minute VS(HR,RR)
-check regularity of cardiac
rhythm
-check heart sounds (intensity,
splitting and changes)
BMI: 25.10 Overweight
JVP= 4cm
Cardiac apex beat 6th ICS 1 cm
MCL
CBC:normal
LDL: 207 mg/ dl
CXR:
Treadmill Exercise test

NORMAL

Electrocardiogram
tracing

Holter Monitoring

ARRHYTH
P.E.
-full minute VS(HR,RR)
-check regularity of cardiac rhythm
-check heart sounds (intensity,
splitting and changes)

Symptoms:
-Palpitations
-Angina
-Fatigue
-Dyspnea
-Paroxysmal dizziness, confusion,
syncope, presyncope
-Sudden Death


Cardiac Conducting

Causes:
Unknown
-Hypertension
-Mitral Velva Disease and
Enlargement
-Chronic Lung Disease
-RHD
-ASD
-Alcohol, Tobacco, Coffee
Digitalis
-Anti-arrhythmic drugs
-Ischemic heart disease
-Electrolyte Imblance
-Hypoxia, Hyeprcapnea, academia
-Increased Sympathetic Activity

Einthovens
Triangle

SA node
Internodal
AV node
AV bundle
Right Bundle
Left Bundle

Circulatory Derangements:
-Dec. CO
-Dec. Coronary Blood Flow
-Increased myocardial O2
consumption

Modalities:
-Carotid Massage
Pharmacologic:
Anti-arrhythmic drugs
(Class1-4)
Digoxin
Atropine
B-agonists
Adenosine
-Anticoagulant
therapy
-Cardioversion and

Derangeme

Purkinje Fibers

Leads and Electron

placement:
-Bipolar Limb Leads
-Unipolar Limb Leads
-Chest Leads

Action
Potential
:

Managemen

Phase 0-4
Voltage Gated

Atria:

SA node
-Sinus
Bradycardia
-Sinus Arrest
-Sinoatrial Exit
Block
-Sinus
Arrhythmia

Sinus Rhythm

-Atrial Premature
Depolarization (APD)
-Paroxysmal
Supraventricular
Tachycardia
-Nonre-entrant Atrial
Tachycardia
-Atrial Flutter

AV Junction
Derangeme
nts
- AV jxnal
depolarization
-Nonparoxysmal
Jxnal Tachycardia
-AV Jxn Rhythm

ATRIAL FIBRILLATION: IRREGULARLY,

IRREGULAR WITH NO DISCERNABLE P
WAVES, AN AVERAGE QRS RATE OF
130/MIN., NON-ST-T CHANGES