Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Practical Chemistry
1.
Oxygen
i)Supports combustion
ii)On exposure colour does not change
Nitric oxide
i)Does not support combustion
ii)On exposure the gas turns brown due to the
formation of Nitrogen dioxide
2.
Nitrous oxide
No change in colour when exposed to air
Nitric oxide
On exposure it turns brown due to the
formation of Nitrogen dioxide
3.
Carbon dioxide
i)Turns lime water milky
ii)Non combustible
4.
Carbon monoxide
i)Does not turn lime water milky
ii)Combustible burns with a blue flame
Hydrogen chloride
-Gives dense white fumes with glass rod
dipped in Ammonium hydroxide
- turns moist blue litmus to red
5.
Ammonia
-Gives dense white fumes with a glass rod
dipped in HCl acid.
- turns moist red litmus to blue
Hydrogen
Burns a splinter with a pop sound
6.
Oxygen
Rekindles a glowing splinter
Carbon dioxide
-with burning Mg ribbon added to the gas jar
black particle of carbon seen in the jar
-does not turn acidified K2Cr2O7 paper
7.
Sulphur dioxide
-with burning Mg ribbon added to the gas jar
yellow particle of sulphur seen in the jar
-turns acidified K2Cr2O7 paper green in colour
Sulphur dioxide
Physical property- suffocating odour
-turns acidified K2Cr2O7 paper green in colour
Hydrogen sulphide
- rotten egg smell
- does not turn acidified K2Cr2O7 paper green
in colour
-turns lead acetate paper black.
8
Sulphur dioxide
With water and Barium chloride gives Barium
sulphite- white ppt soluble in
dilute Hydrochloric acid
9.
Sulphur trioxide
With water and Barium chloride gives white
ppt of Barium sulphate insoluble in
dilute Hydrochloric acid
Sulphur dioxide
-Physical property- colourless gas
-no effect on starch iodide paper
Chlorine
-Greenish yellow gas
-turns starch iodide paper bluish black
2.
Sodium chloride
-When heated with Sulphuric acid and
Manganese dioxide, liberates greenish yellow
coloured gas Chlorine, which turns starch
iodide paper bluish black
-Salt solution+AgNO3 + NH4OH
white ppt is obtained which dissolves in
NH4OH
3.
Sodium bromide
-With Conc. Sulphuric acid and Manganese
dioxide on heating liberates reddish brown
Bromine gas.
- Salt solution+AgNO3 + NH4OH
creamy ppt is obtained which dissolves in
NH4OH
Lead sulphate
4.
Iron (III)sulphate/Iron (III) Chloride
Iron (II) sulphate/ Iron (II)Chloride
To the Salt solution add NaOH
- it gives dirty green ppt insoluble in excess
5.
Lead hydroxide
Insoluble in excess NH4OH
6.
Zinc hydroxide
Soluble in excess NH4OH
Sodium sulphite
Sodium sulphate
-Salt with dilute HCl liberates SO2
-Salt with dilute HCl no reaction
-Salt solution + BaCl2 gives White ppt which is -Salt solution + BaCl2 gives White ppt which is
soluble in HCl
insoluble in HCl
7.
Sodium carbonate
-with calcium hydroxide solution (lime water)
forms a ppt of Calcium carbonate
8.
Sodium bicarbonate
- with calcium hydroxide solution (lime water)
no ppt formed .
Sodium sulphate
-Salt with NaOH- no gas is liberated
Ammonium sulphate
Salt on heating with NaOH- it liberates
pungent smelling Ammonia which gives dense
white fumes with a glass rod dipped in Conc
.HCl
9.
Ammonium sulphite
-Salt solution with NaOH no ppt formed.
On heating pungent smelling ammonia gas
liberated which turns moist red litmus blue.
Calcium sulphite
-Does not give Ammonia gas on heating with
NaOH
10.
Lead (II) nitrate
Copper (II) nitrate
Salt solution with NaOH forms Lead
Salt solution with NaOH forms a pale blue ppt
hydroxide white ppt soluble in excess of NaOH of Copper hydroxide insoluble in excess
NaOH
11.
Copper (II) nitrate
Salt + Cu turnings + Conc H2SO4 reddish
brown
NO2 gas liberated
No reaction with AgNO3
12.
Conc. H2SO4
On heating with Cu turnings will liberate
SO2which turns acidifird K2Cr2O7 paper green.
Conc HNO3
On heating with Cu turnings + conc H2SO4
gives brown fumes of NO2.
13.
Dilute HNO3
-With BaCl2 forms no white ppt
But gives a reddish brown gas with Cu
turnings and conc H2SO4are added to the acid
which turns KI paper brown.
14.
Dilute H2SO4
-with BaCl2 gives white ppt of BaSO4
insoluble in dil HNO3
HCl
-with Silver nitrate forms white ppt of AgCl,
insoluble in dilute acids and soluble in NH4OH
HNO3
Does not give white ppt with Silver nitrate but
on heating with Cu turnings + conc H2SO4
gives brown fumes of NO2 which turn KI
paper brown..
15.
Zinc nitrate
Salt solution + NaOH- white gelatinous ppt
soluble in excess
Ammonium nitrate
Salt solution +NaOH- no ppt but pungent
smelling gas evolved which gives dense white
fumes with rod dipped in conc. HCl
16.
K2SO4 or KCl
Paste of the salt with conc. HCl, take this paste
in the loop of a platinum wire and heat in the
non luminous part of the flame and perform
flame test
-
Na2SO4or NaCl
17.
Sodium Chloride
Paste of the salt with conc. HCl,take this paste
in the loop of a platinum wire heat in the non
luminous part of the flame
Calcium Chloride
18.
Sodium Chloride
Salt solution with NaOH, no ppt and on
heating does not liberate Ammonia gas
Ammonium Chloride
Salt solution with NaOH, no ppt but on heating
liberate Ammonia gas which gives dense white
fumes with glass rod dipped in conc. HCl
19.
Silver Chloride
Insoluble in hot water
Soluble in excess NH4OH
Lead chloride
Soluble in hot water
Insoluble in excess NH4OH
20.
Sodium carbonate
Add BaCl2 or Ba(NO3)2 to the salt solution a
white ppt is not formed
Sodium sulphite
Add BaCl2 or Ba(NO3)2 to the salt solution a
white ppt is formed which is soluble in dilute
HCl or dilute HNO3
21.
Ferrous nitrate
To the salt solution add NaOH solution a dirty
green ppt is formed which is insoluble in
NaOH
Lead nitrate
To the salt solution add NaOH a chalky white
ppt is formed which is soluble in excess NaOH
22.
Zinc carbonate
Lead carbonate
Note: Both the salts are insoluble in water. First add dil HNO3 to the salts and convert them to
soluble nitrates and then differentiate between the cations.
Add NH4OH solution to the salt solutions
-a gelatinous white ppt formed which is soluble -a chalky white ppt formed which is insoluble
in excess NH4OH.
in excess NH4OH.
23
Calcium carbonate
Salt +Calcium hydroxide heat
No pungent smelling gas evolved.
Ammonium carbonate
Salt +Calcium hydroxide heat
Pungent smelling ammonia gas obtained turns
red litmus blue.
24
Ferrous nitrate
Salt +Cu turnings+Conc H2SO4-Reddish
brown acidic gas turns KI paper brown.
Ferrous carbonate
Salt +Cu turnings+Conc H2SO4- NO reddish
brown acidic gas evolved which turns KI paper
brown.
25
Lead sulphide
Salt + HCl acid-Gas which smells of rotten
eggs evolved which turns Lead acetate paper
silvery grey in colour
Lead Sulphite
Salt + HCl acid-Gas with a suffocating odour
obtained which decolorizes KMnO4 paper and
has no effect on Lead acetate paper.