In our interaction with others, our nonverbal cues send a strong message to the person.

The way
we sit or stand, how we talk, the movement of the arms and eyes are sending off a message that
expresses more than verbal cues. In your relationship with other people, the ability to understand
and use nonverbal communication is a vital tool in connecting with others, expressing yourself,
and building a better connection with the people

around you. Depending on how we manifest these nonverbal signals, a sense of interest, trust,
and desire to connect will either be developed or not.

Past research has studied the different maintenance strategies within romantic relationships that
prompt relational satisfaction, based on nonverbal communication and cues between the couple
(Dainton, 2009).
For instance, Sabatelli et al. (1982) found that women were more accurate senders of nonverbal
messages, using a method based on Bucks Communication of Affect Receiving Ability Test
(1976), (Noller & Feeney, 1994, pp. 200).

Women show intimacy through nonverbal warmth, emotional expression, and physical
expression, but males show intimacy through shared time and activities. Duck (1988)
. This research proves that females are better at identifying and understanding the meaning of
nonverbal cues (Rosip & Hall, 2004). This study is very useful for the current researchers,
because all nonverbal cues and behaviors are being measured. The present study will not focus
on the differences between males and females however, the information will be gathered through
the survey. If significant differences occur, this information could be used in future research or to
come to more conclusions about nonverbal behaviors and communication.

Depending on how we manifest these nonverbal signals, a sense of interest, trust, and desire to
connect will either be developed or not. Past research has studied the different maintenance
strategies within romantic relationships that prompt relational satisfaction, based on nonverbal
communication and cues between the couple (Dainton, 2009). This research proves that females
are better at identifying and understanding the meaning of nonverbal cues (Rosip & Hall, 2004).
Issues may exist in cross-gendered relationships because men and women value different aspects
of communication. Once again, the research of Prinsen and Punyanunt-Carter (2010) is relevant.
Their research found women rated items concerning nonverbal communication statistically
higher on most of the items compared to men, while men rated the importance of nonverbal
communication as more important and it has to change and increase in the relationship in order

for the relationship to work . The sex differences in nonverbal communication can also cause
the messages to be misinterpreted in cross-sex interaction
Overall, women tend to be more responsive than men in non-verbal communication, and tend to
be more sensitive to the non-verbal communication of others both when non-verbal messages
reinforce verbal messages and when they contradict non-verbal messages . Men may be harder to
read, providing less non-verbal feedback.
Body language can convey a different meaning than intended and be improperly received. Hall et
al. (2000) claimed that using nonverbal cues to judge emotions could increase the chances of the
subject being misunderstood. Measuring emotional expressivity is intricate as various aspects
must be considered, such as the intensity, frequency, or duration of the emotion experienced
(Latu et al., 2013).
In an article called, Patterns of Nonverbal Behavior and Sensitivity in the Context of Attachment
Relationships, the researchers look primary at the attachment of infants to adults, as well as
assessing interpersonal sensitivity, instead of the actual nonverbal behaviors that were used
(Schacher, Shaver, & Mikulincer, 2005).
Hyde (2005) investigated a large number of inbuilt gender differences, such as maths ability,
but also in a number of other areas (men are more aggressive, they offer helping behaviour less
often, they smile less often, girls fall behind boys in self-esteem when at school).
The beginning of differences between these genders can see from their brain. Baron-Cohen
(2003) suggests that male and female brains have evolved differently, and today female brains
can be categorised as E-brains (empathising brains) while male brains can be categorised as Sbrains (systemising brains). Empathising brains was pick up non-verbal cues, get emotionally

involved in films and other peoples problems, and enjoy caring for other people and so on.
While for systemising brains was

. Whether its success represents a backlash against changes in male female relationships or
illuminates important gender differences depends on the reader. (Buzzard 2002, p. 90)
In the book, Men are From Mars and Women are From Venus, John Gray (2004) wrote: Men
mistakenly expect women to think, communicate, and react the way men do; women mistakenly
expect men to feel, communicate, and respond the way women do. We have forgotten that men
and women are supposed to be different. As a result our relationships are filled with unnecessary
friction and conflict. (p. 4)
When John Gray (1992) suggested that men are from Mars, women are from Venus, he was
humorously alluding to the communication difficulties males and females often experience:
The ability to read accurately the emotions of another through their spontaneous display is an
important aspect of a personal relationship (B

women were more successful in picking the correct (target) emotion from a
multiplechoice test than men were (Biehl et al., 1997) uck, 1989; Sabatelli, Buck, &

Dreyer, 1982).