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Madisen Johnson
Annotative Bibliography
Henriksen: English 1010 (5th)
November 28, 2016
Angkaw, Abigail C., et al. "Alcohol-Related Consequences Mediating PTSD
Symptoms And Mental Health-Related Quality Of Life In OEF/OIF Combat
Veterans." Military Medicine 180.6 (2015): 670-675. Academic Search Premier.
Web. 6 Dec. 2016.
This study had determined the effects of post traumatic stress disorder and its relation to
alcohol. It has determined that PTSD symptoms, along with alcohol use leads to an
increase of symptoms and poorer quality of life. It also states that the effects of this
study were the results of alcohol related consequences, not alcohol consumption. As a
result these alcohol related consequences need to be assessed in treatment programs.
This study helps researchers to understand the mechanisms and impairments of PTSD
and alcohol use.
Clausen, Ashley N., et al. "Pilot Investigation Of PTSD, Autonomic Reactivity, And
Cardiovascular Health In Physically Healthy Combat Veterans." Plos ONE 11.9
(2016): 1-13. Academic Search Premier. Web. 28 Nov. 2016.
This article describes the study of cardiovascular health among combat veterans. It has
done this by interviewing veterans while simultaneously measuring heart rate variability
as the recalled emotional memories. It has determined a common thread of combat
veterans having poor cardiovascular health, which was unlikely due to their young ages
and healthy lifestyle choices. Psychological symptoms were not related to FMD,
whereas there was a relation between emotional symptoms. The purpose of this study
was to explain the importance of cardiovascular screening among combat veterans. It
has related emotional stimuli to poor cardiovascular health.

Gehrman, Philip R., et al. "Sleep Diaries Of Vietnam War Veterans With Chronic
PTSD: The Relationships Among Insomnia Symptoms, Psychosocial Stress, And
Nightmares." Behavioral Sleep Medicine 13.3 (2015): 255-264. Academic Search
Premier. Web. 5 Dec. 2016.
This study is relating sleep to the intensity of PTSD symptoms. This study was
conducted on the grounds that patients suffering from PTSD encounter an increased
amount of night terrors and an irregular sleeping pattern. These sleeping patterns were
noted by a controlled group of veterans who documented a daily sleep journal. They also
noted the number of daily triggers and determined that this led to a more difficult time
sleeping. This study determined that less sleep led to more PTSD symptoms during the

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day. Sleep diaries prove to be an effective tool to determine symptoms and better
treatment in the future.

Heinz, Adrienne J., et al. "Firearm Ownership Among Military Veterans With PTSD:
A Profile Of Demographic And Psychosocial Correlates." Military Medicine181.10
(2016): 1207-1211. Academic Search Premier. Web. 30 Nov. 2016.
This study assess how many combat veterans diagnosed with post traumatic stress
disorder have firearms. This study is relevant because those diagnosed with PTSD are
at risk for higher rates of aggression and suicide. This study has determined that
veterans owning firearms are more stable than those who do not. This was determined
by factors such as income, permanent housing and whether or not they were married
with a family. These factors put these veterans at a lower risk for suicide. It was
determined that 28% of veterans own firearms are are most likely to be caucasian males
who are married with high incomes and living in permanent housing.
Hiraoka, Regina, et al. "Self-Compassion As A Prospective Predictor Of PTSD
Symptom Severity Among Trauma-Exposed U.S. Iraq And Afghanistan War
Veterans." Journal Of Traumatic Stress 28.2 (2015): 127-133. Academic Search
Premier. Web. 6 Dec. 2016.
This study has connected the train of self-compassion to the effects and treatment of
post traumatic stress disorder. Self-compassion is defined as self kindness and
humanity/awareness of suffering. Their means for conducting this study were recruiting
soldiers involved in one or more traumatic incident during deployment. Measuring the
intensity of PTSD symptoms were calculated by using the clinician administered PTSD
scale. The rate of self-compassion was self measured by the veterans in the study. This
study determined that a higher level of self-compassion leads to better treatment for
PTSD symptoms. This tells caregivers that teaching the importance of self-compassion
can positively affect treatment.
Powell, Margaret A., et al. "Sleep Quality And Reexperiencing Symptoms Of PTSD
Are Associated With Current Pain In U.S. OEF/OIF/OND Veterans With And Without
Mtbis." Journal Of Traumatic Stress 28.4 (2015): 322-329. Academic Search
Premier. Web. 5 Dec. 2016.
This article describes a study that correlates PTSD symptoms to higher pain, lack of
sleep and a greater use of alcohol. It did this by surveying veterans and first determining
the presence of PTSD and the severity. Then a survey determined the persistence of
chronic pain and the duration. This pain was directly related to PTSD symptoms and
increased the severity. This study also determined that increased PTSD symptoms lead
to a lack of sleep as well as a greater use of alcohol. These results support the
hypothesis that lack of sleep and the use of alcohol increase PTSD symptoms.

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Price, Matthew, et al. "An Investigation Of Outcome Expectancies As A Predictor

Of Treatment Response For Combat Veterans With Ptsd: Comparison Of Clinician,
Self-Report, And Biological Measures." Depression & Anxiety (1091-4269) 32.6
(2015): 392-399. Academic Search Premier. Web. 5 Dec. 2016.
This studys goal was to determine if there was any correlation between a veterans
expectancy to recover from PTSD through treatment and the actual improvement. The
results from this study rely heavily on self evaluated information. That factors that were
studied were self reported measures, clinician reported and biological indices. The
biological factors include fear potential startle and cortisol reactivity. Outcome
expectancy was only related in self reported cases but had a negative relationship in
every other instance. This study also determined that outcome expectancy had no effect
on biological indices.
Renshaw, Keith D., et al. "Gender Differences In The Associations Of PTSD
Symptom Clusters With Relationship Distress In U.S. Vietnam Veterans And Their
Partners." Journal Of Traumatic Stress 27.3 (2014): 283-290. Academic Search
Premier. Web. 6 Dec. 2016.
This study examines the effects that post traumatic stress disorder can have on a
relationship. It is well known that symptoms of PTSD often distance soldiers in
relationships, which is described as a numbing in this article. In the past these studies
were often conducted on a male veteran and a female partner. Because of the
increasing amount of women in the military a study of both sexes was necessary. This
study determined that in both cases post traumatic stress disorder caused distance in
the relationship. This makes it necessary for couples to receive help, despite whether it
is the male or female suffering from PTSD.
Sarajli Vukovi, Iris, et al. "Self-Reported Emotional And Behavioral Problems, Family
Functioning And Parental Bonding Among Psychiatric Outpatient Adolescent
Offspring Of Croatian Male Veterans With Partial PTSD." Child & Youth Care
Forum 44.5 (2015): 655-669. Academic Search Premier. Web. 28 Nov. 2016.
This article addresses the effects of PTSD, or posttraumatic stress disorder, among war
veterans. More specifically, it focuses on how this disorder affects family relationships. It
also studies the differences between those being affected by none, partial and full PTSD.
This study declares that full PTSD can cause behavioral problems, family functioning
problems, as well as difficulty with parent control. Less is known about those suffering
from partial PTSD, though this study has determined that more behavioral and emotional
symptoms often lead to lower maternal care. This case studied self reported participants
with partial PTSD.

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Stojanovic, Milan P., et al. "Influence Of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) And
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) On Pain Intensity Levels In OEF/OIF/OND
Veterans." Pain Medicine 17.11 (2016): 2017-2025. Academic Search Premier. Web.
30 Nov. 2016.
This article describes a study with the purpose of determining a correlation between the
presence of posttraumatic stress disorder and a mild traumatic brain injury with pain.
This study has included those in recent missions in Afghanistan and Iraq. These
participants were selected because of their participations in certain missions and a
diagnosis of PTSD and/or a mTBI. These participants were interviewed and documented
daily pain levels. This study had determined that PTSD and mTBI increases self
reported pain intensity. However, a mTBI alone was not associated with higher pain
levels.
Tiet, Quyen Q., et al. "Military Sexual Assault, Gender, And PTSD Treatment Outcomes Of
U.S. Veterans." Journal Of Traumatic Stress 28.2 (2015): 92-101. Academic Search
Premier. Web. 6 Dec. 2016.
This study had determined whether gender and military sexual assault affect types of
treatment and the effects of post traumatic stress disorder among combat veterans. To
perform this text they have recruited a number of men and women from the U.S.
Department of Veteran Affairs to complete an intake survey. Many reported that they
underwent a four month follow up after their tours of duty. They also reported PTSD
symptoms of depression, violence/aggression and drug and alcohol use. The study
determined that military sexual assault had no effect on outcome or treatment as
hypothesized. It also determined that women are more likely to feel depressed and at a
higher severity than men. Men also reported having more symptoms related to
violence/aggression than women.
Wang, Xin, et al. "Preliminary Study Of Acute Changes In Emotion Processing In Trauma
Survivors With PTSD Symptoms." Plos ONE 11.7 (2016): 1-15. Academic Search
Premier. Web. 6 Dec. 2016.
Traumatic events often alter the brain, particularly the emotion processing region of the
brain. This study was conducted because of how little is actually known about the
neurocircuit that underline post traumatic stress disorder symptoms. This study
examined the brains by conducting MRI scans following up a traumatic incident, in this
case, a motor vehicle collision. These studies were conducted two weeks and three
months after these incidences. It was found that the superior frontal gyrus in the brain
had decreased in size in potential PTSD patients. This study found that there are
physical changes in the brain in the early post-trauma stages that lead to PTSD
symptoms.

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