Fall 2014 Computer Communication Networks

HW#8_sol (Due date: 2014/12/02 12 p.m.)

Question 1:
A network with one primary and four secondary stations uses polling.
The size of a data frame is 1000 bytes. The size of the poll, ACK, and NAK
frames are 32 bytes each. Each station has 5 frames to send. How many
total bytes are exchanged if there is no limitation on the number of
frames a station can send in response to a poll?
We can say:
Polling and Data Transfer
Station 1: [poll + 5 (frame + ACK)]
Station 2: [poll + 5 (frame + ACK)]
Station 3: [poll + 5 (frame + ACK)]
Station 4: [poll + 5 (frame + ACK)]
Polling and Sending NAKs
Station 1: [poll + NAK]
Station 2: [poll + NAK]
Station 3: [poll + NAK]
Station 4: [poll + NAK]
Total Activity:
8 polls + 20 frames + 20 ACKs + 4 NAKs = 21024 bytes
We have 1024 bytes of overhead.
Question 2:
Carry out the throughput formula of ALOHA using Poisson distribution.
Assume the traffic load is G.
Poisson random variable:

P[a station tries to send during the vulnerable time and no other
stations tries to send during the vulnerable time]
( : arrival rate, T: frame time)

Question 3:
Compare and contrast CSMA/CD with CSMA/CA.
In CSMA/CD, the protocol allows collisions to happen. If there is a
collision, it will be detected, destroyed, and the frame will be resent.
CSMA/CA uses a technique that prevents collision.
Question 4:
In an 802.11 network, station A sends one data frame (not fragmented)
to station B. What would be the value of D field (in microseconds) that
needs to be set for the NAV period in each of the following frames: RTS,
CTS, data, and ACK? Assume that the transmission time for RTC, CTS, and
ACK is 4 s each. The transmission time for the data frame is 40 s and
the SIFS duration is set to 1 s. Ignore the propagation time. Note that
each frame needs to set the duration of NAV for the rest of time the
medium needs to be reserved to complete the transaction.
RTS = TSIFS + TCTS + TSIFS + TData + TSIFS + TACK = 3*1 + 4 + 40 + 4 = 51s
CTS = TSIFS + TData + TSIFS + TACK = 2*1 + 4 + 40 + 4 = 46s
Data = TSIFS + TACK = 5s
Ack = 0 s
Question 5:
To understand why we need to have a minimum frame size Tfr = 2 x Tp in
a CSMA/CD network, assume we have a bus network with only two
stations, A and B, in which Tfr = 40 s and Tp = 25s. Station A starts
sending a frame at time t = 0.0 s and station B starts sending a frame at
t = 23.0 s. Answer the following questions:
a. Do frames collide?
b. If the answer to part a is yes, does station A detect collision?
c. If the answer to part a is yes, does station B detect collision?
a. Station B receives the frame from station A at t = 25s Station B starts
sending a frame at t = 23s. => Yes, collision opccured

b. Station A receives the frame from station B at t = 48s Station A sends

the final bit of the frame at t = 40s =>No, A cannot detect collision
c. Station B receives the frame from station A at t = 25s Station B sends
the final bit of the frame at t = 63s => station B detect collision at t =
25s