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CMG Business
Intellectual Property Software Development
Reservoir Simulation
4D visualization
Consulting, Support, Training, R&D

CMG Business
Total World Oil Reserves
(% of total reserves)

70% of the worlds oil

reserves are
unconventional
sources
This is CMGs

SPECIALTY

15%

Heavy Oil

30%

Conventional
Oil

25%

Extraheavy
Oil

30%

Oilsands and
Bitumen

Our Specialization
Known for our superior Physics
Leader in the EOR advanced simulation processes market (+95%)

Thermal Processes
Combustion (THAI)

Electrical Heating
SAGD

VAPEX
Thermal
Cyclic steam
injection
Continuous steam injection
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Our Specialization
Known for our superior Physics
Leader in the EOR advanced simulation processes market (+95%)

Chemical Processes

Gel injection

ASP

Low salinity
water injection

Foam
Injection

CO2 injection
with Asphaltene
Precipitation & Plugging
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Our Specialization
Known for our superior Physics
Leader in the EOR advanced simulation processes market (+95%)

Enhanced Recovery in
Unconventional Reservoirs

Microseismic
Data Imported
to simulator

VAPEX

CBM / ECBM

Shale
Gas/Oil
Tight Gas

CO2
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CMG Software
Known for our superior Physics
Leader in the EOR advanced simulation processes market (+95%)
Project Manager
LAUNCHER

Pre / Post Processors

Reservoir Simulators
IMEX

Black Oil simulator

GEM

EOS compositional and

geomechanical simulator

STARS

K-value compositional, thermal,

chemical and geomechanical
simulator

BUILDER
RESULTS 3D
RESULTS GRAPH
RESULTS REPORT

Model Conversion
ECL 100 IMPORT ASSISTANT

History Match, Optimization,

Sensitivity & Uncertainty assesment
CMOST

Phase Behavior
WINPROP
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Some of the physical phenomena we can model

Some of the physical phenomena we can model

Used to model changes in phase viscosity

when a key component is added (e.g. polymer)

Used to model non-Newtonian behavior of

injected fluids
shear thinning
shear thickening
combined model
tabular input model

Some of the physical phenomena we can model

Some of the physical phenomena we can model

Compaction/Rebound
Subsidence
Dilation /Recompaction
Elastic/Plastic Deformation
2D and 3D geomechanical formulation
Stress effects on Porosity & Permeability
Geomechanics in Naturally Fractures models
Geomechanical grid independent of flow grid

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Some of the physical phenomena we can model

Asphaltenes precipitation

STARS allows modelling of first

order, rate-dependent reaction
kinetics for recovery processes that
involve reactions between
components in fluids (i.e. reservoir
and injected) and in the formation
(i.e. clays and other minerals).
Reaction rates can depend on tem
perature, component concentration,
permeability and velocity.
Examples include insitu-combustion,
cEOR, in-situ foam generation,
degradation & regeneration,
emulsions, solids, etc.

Gels
Foam
Microbes
Foamy Oil
In Situ Combustion
High temperature oxidation
Low temperature oxidation

Fine Migration
In situ upgrading
Wax and asphaltene precipitation
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Some of the physical phenomena we can model

Used to represent Wettability and

Residual Oil Saturation variation with
phase composition
Krg = 1.00

Interpolation can be a function of

component concentration, capillary
number and/or interfacial tension.

Krg = 0.01

pH changes
Miscible fluids
Flux velocities ( )
Composition changes

XGas Total = Xw en fase gaseosa + XSoln-Gas en fase gaseosa

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Some of the physical phenomena we can model

Ty = 100 F
T = 617 F

SwirrT > SwirrTy

SorwT < SorwTy
KrwiroT > KrwiroTy
SorgT < SorgTy

T = 617 F

Ty = 100 F

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Advanced Well Modelling Features

A fully coupled mechanistic model that

calculates the transient segregated flow of
multi-phase fluids and heat within the wellbore
and between the wellbore and the reservoir.
Transient flow calculations
Heat loss to formation
Fluid segregation calculations
Friction pressure losses
Multiple flow regimes

Tubing

Anular

Selective dual injection

Steam circulation (i.e. SAGD)

Hot diluent injection

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Advanced Well Modelling Features

Extends Discretized Well model features to

wells with up to 3 concentric tubing strings
inside the wellbore plus allows for undulating
wells that connect with more than one reservoir
layer.
Transient flow calculations
Heat loss to formation
Fluid segregation calculations
Friction pressure losses
Multiple flow regimes
also models Flow Control Devices

Tubing 2
Tubing 1
Annular

WHOC 2009-308

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Advanced Well Modelling Features

Used to specify actions that will be

implemented when a condition is achieved
during the simulation forecast period.
Can be applied to:
wells, groups, layers, sectors, field, etc.

Conditions [ > or < ]

Rate, pressure, concentration, saturation, etc.

Actions
shut-in, voidage replacement, drilling/workovers, etc.

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Advanced Simulator Performance Features

The objective is to reduce the simulation

run time significantly without reducing the
calculation accuracy
Shared Memory
Any model can be parallelized regardless the
grid complexity and well configuration or
location
Multimillion cell models
Excellent Speedups
Efficient domain manipulation

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Advanced Simulator Peformance Features

Steam Flood

Simulator changes the block size automatically

based on rate of change of key parameters as
specified by simulation engineer.
Processes where small cells are required
Use small cells where needed and big cells elsewhere
Dynamic change based on:
Temperature, Saturation
Global Mole Fraction
Phase Mole Fraction (o, g, w)
Fluid Enthalpy
Pressure

ASP

SAGD

Effective when an interface is present

Combustion: speed up 5-7
SAGD: speed up 2-5
VAPEX: speed up 2-4
Water Flood: speed up 2-4
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Advanced Simulator Peformance Features

Powerful combination of parallel

processing and Dynagrid features that
multiplies the simulation time speedup
effect!

4.52
4.32

Hardware and Dynamic Gridding

3.90

4 CPU 1.65GHz POWER5 AIX

4 CPU 2.4 GHZ Opteron Linux

2 CPU 3.6 GHz Xeon (EM64T) Win-64

16 CPU 1.9GHz POWER5 AIX

3.29

2.22
2.16
1.95
1.62

Serial

Dynagrid

2.33
2.12

1.27

1.17
1.04

0.64

0.61
0.35

Parallel

SAGD:

3.6 Increase with Parallel

x 3.6 Increase with Dynagrid
12.9 Increase with Paradyne

Paradyn

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Conclusions
CMG is the leading company offering reservoir simulation technology
for enhanced recovery and unconventional reservoir markets
CMG technology combines all the critical EOR physics with robust
numerical performace, and as a result has been selected as the
simulator of choice for more than 95% for projects of this kind.
CMG is the market leader in providing technologies that help the
reservoir engineer with his/her EOR or Unconventional Reservoir
Simulation projects, including Parallel Processing, Dynamic gridding,
Coupled Geomechanics and Robust History-matcing and Optimzation.
CMG technology can model highly complexity reservoirs and EOR
processes that require more capabilities than available in much simpler
black oil or compositional simulators.
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