SISTEMAS DE ECUACIONES LINEALES

1. Resolver por el mtodo de Gauss:

a.

2 x 1x 2 + x 3=1
x 1+ x 2 +3 x3 =0

3 x1 +3 x 2+ 5 x 3=0

b.

3 x 1 + x 2x3 =4
5 x12 x 2 + x3 =6
x 1 + x 2+3 x 3=0

c.

4 x 1 + x 22 x3 =3
3 x1 x2 + 4 x 3=2
x 1 + x 2+ x 3=5

d.

x 1+5 x 2+ 3 x 3 =7
2 x 1 +7 x 2+ 4 x 3=28
4 x 15 x 2 +9 x 3=15

2. Resolver

por el

mtodo de
GaussJordan.
a.

4 x 1 +3 x 27 x3 =27

7 x 1 +0.4 x 20.2 x 3=6.88

2 x 1 +25 x 2+ x 3=14.9
4 x 1 +3 x 27 x3 =27

a)

7 x 1 +0.4 x 20.2 x 3=6.88

2 x 1 +25 x 2+ x 3=14.9

4
3
7 27 F +7 F 4
3
7
27
4
3
7
27

23.5
2
1
F 0 5.65 12.45 54.13
4
7 0.4 0.2 6.88
0 5.65 12.45 54.13 F 3
5.65 2
F 1 0 23.5
2 25
1 14.9 F 30.5
4.5 1.4
0
0
56.2832 223.7425

1/4 F 1
1 0.75 1.75 6.75
1 0 0 0.82
F3 1 0.75 0 0.2068

F1 +1.75
0.17699115
F2
F2 0 1 0 0.820
F 10.75
0
1 2.2035 9.5805
0
1
0
0.8208

F3 0

1/56.2832
F1 0
0
1
3.9753 F2 +2.2035
0
1 3.9753
0 0 1 3.97

X (1)=0.822374
X (2)=0.820802

X (3)=3.975299

b.

3.141 x 1 +6.95 x2 +3 x 3=43.098

12 x 1 +0.3 x 21.85 x 3=19.65

66.6 x 10.94 x2 x3 =20.98

3.141 x 1 +6.95 x2 +3 x 3=43.098

b)

12 x 1 +0.3 x 21.85 x 3=19.65

66.6 x 10.94 x2 x3 =20.98

3.141 6.95
3 43.098
1
2.2127 0.9551 13.7211
F 1 12
12
0.3
1.85 19.65 0.31837
0.3
1.85 19.65

66.6 0.94
1 20.98
66.6 0.94
1 20.98

2.2127
0.9551 13.7211
1 2.2127
0.9551 13.7211
F1 1
F2 12

0.03809
F
1
0.5071 5.5235
3 0
F 1 0 26.2521 13.3113 145.0033
F3 +66.6

0
146.4239
62.6103
892.8458
0
146.4239
62.6103
892.8458

1 2.2127
0.9551 13.7211
1 2.2127 0.9551 13.7211

F3 146.424
F2 0
0.0859468
F
1
0.5071 5.5235
1
0.5071 5.5235
3 0

0
0
11.6351 84.0730
0
0
1 7.2258

1 0 0 0.2938

F1 0.9551
F 3 1 2.2127 0 20.6225

0
1
0 9.1874 F 12.2127 F 2 0 1 0 9.1874

F2 0.5071
F3 0

0
1 7.2258
0 0 1 7.2258

X (1)=0.293838
X (2)=9.187401

X (3)=7.225794

c.

x+ y+ 2 z=8

x2 y +3 z=1
3 x2 y+ 4 z=10

d.

250 x1 +14 x 2=340

25 x 1 +140 x 2 +72 x3 =110
44 x 2 +320 x 321 x 4 =160

250

14

0 340

-25 140

72

0 -110

44 320 -21 160

85
F2x(250)
250

11 180 -220

14

340

-6250 35000 18000

0
85

44
0

F2-F1x(-25)
250
14
0

35350

0
85

44
0

F4x(250)
250

0 -27500

320 -21
11 180

18000

0 -19000

44

21250

F4-F1x(85)
250
14

-1190

F3x(35350)
250
14
0
35350
0

1555400

-1190

F3-F2(44)
250
14
0 35350
0

340

0 -19000

320

-21

160

2750 45000 -55000

0 35350 18000
0

160
-220

0 35350 18000

44

340

320 -21
11 180

14

160
-220

340

0 -19000

320

-21

160

2750 45000 -83900

0
18000

0
0

340
-19000

11312000 -742350

5656000

2750

0
18000

45000

-83900

0
0

340
-19000

10520000 -742350

6492000

-1190

2750

F4x(35350)
250
14
0
0
35350
18000
0
0 10520000

45000

-83900

0
0
-742350

340
-19000
6492000

0 -42066500 97212500 1590750000 -2965865000

F4-F2x(-1190)
250
14
0
0 35350
18000
0
0
10520000
0

118632500

0
0
-742350

1590750000 -2988475000

F3x(1.0E-6) Reduccin de cifra grande

250
14
0
0
0 35350
18000
0
0
0
10.52
-0.74235
0

340
-19000
6492000

340
-19000
6.492

0 118632500 1590750000 -2988475000

F4x(1.0E-8) Reduccin de cifra grande

250
14
0
0
0 35350
18000
0

340
-19000

10.52

-0.74235

6.492

1.186325

15.9075

-29.88475

0
18000
10.52

0
0
-0.74235

340
-19000
6.492

12.480139

167.3469

-314.38757

F4(10.52)
250
14
0 35350
0
0
0

F4-F3x(1.186325)
250
14
0
0 35350 18000
0
0 10.52

0
0
-0.74235

340
-19000
6.492

168.22756836375 -322.0891919

F1x(35350)
8837500 494900
0
0 35350 18000
0
0 10.52
0

0
0
-0.74235

12019000
-19000
6.492

168.22756836375 -322.0891919

F1-F2x(14)
8837500

0 -252000

0 35350
0
0
0

18000
10.52

12285000

0
-0.74235

-19000
6.492

168.22756836375 -322.0891919

F1x(10.52)
92970500

0 -2651040

0 35350
0
0
0

18000
10.52

F1-F3x(-252000)
92970500
0
0
0 35350 18000
0
0 10.52
0

129238200

0
-0.74235

-19000
6.492

168.22756836375 -322.0891919

-187072.2
0
-0.74235

130874184
-19000
6.492

168.22756836375 -322.0891919

F2x(10.52)
92970500
0
0
0 371882 189360
0
0 10.52
0

-187072.2
0
-0.74235

130874184
-199880
6.492

168.22756836375 -322.0891919

F2-F3x(18000)
92970500
0
0
0 371882
0
0
0 10.52
0

-187072.2
13362.3
-0.74235

130874184
-316736
6.492

168.22756836375 -322.0891919

F1x(168.22756836375)
15640201144.562

0 -31470701.314457 22016645735.91

0 371882
0
13362.3
0
0 10.52
-0.74235
0
0
0 168.22756836375
F1-F4x(-187072.2)
15640201144.562
0
0
0 371882
0
0
0 10.52
0
0
0
F2x(168.22756836375)
15640201144.562

0
13362.3
-0.74235
168.22756836375

0 62560804.578248
0
0

-316736
6.492
-322.0891919

21956391802.185
-316736
6.492
-322.0891919

0 21956391802.185

0 2247907.2367469 -53283727.093261

0 10.52
-0.74235
0
0 168.22756836375

F2-F4x(13362.3)
15640201144.562

6.492
-322.0891919

0 62560804.578248

0 -48979874.684335

0
0

0 10.52
-0.74235
0
0 168.22756836375

21956391802.185

6.492
-322.0891919

F3x(168.22756836375)
15640201144.562

0 21956391802.185

0 62560804.578248

0 1769.7540191867

F3-F4x(-0.74235)
15640201144.56
2

48979874.684335

1092.1333738175
124.88373537483

0 168.22756836375

62560804.57824
8

1769.754019186
7

F1x(6.3937796627871E-11)
1
0

-322.0891919

21956391802.18
5
0 48979874.68433
5
0

0 853.0304622105
168.2275683637
5

-322.0891919

1.40384331373

62560804.578248

-48979874.684335

0
0

0
0

1769.7540191867
0

0
168.22756836375

853.0304622105
-322.0891919

F2x(1.5984449156968E-8)
1 0
0

1.40384331373

0 1

-0.78291631660641

0 0
0 0

1769.7540191867
0

0
168.22756836375

853.0304622105
-322.0891919

F3x(0.00056505027769881)

1.40384331373

-0.78291631660641

0
0

0
0

1
0

0
168.22756836375

0.48200509955759
-322.0891919

F4x(0.0059443289213915)
1 0 0 0

1.40384331373

-0.78291631660641

0
0

0
0

1
0

0
1

0.48200509955759
-1.9146040986788

e.

3 x1 +2 x 2+ 4 x 3=1

5 x1x 23 x 3=7
4 x 1 +3 x 2+ x 3=2

f.

4 x 13 x 2 +3 x3 =0

6 x 1+ x 29 x 3=9
2 x 15 x 26 x 3=5

4
6
2

-3
1
-5

3
-9
-6

0
9
5

F2x(4)
4

-3

24

-36

36

-5

-6

F2-F1x(6)
4
-3

22

-54

36

-5

-6

-3

22

-54

36

-20

-24

20

F3x(4)
4

F3-F1x(2)

-3

22

-54

36

-14

-30

20

3
-54

0
36

0 -308 -660

440

F3-F2x(-14)
4 -3
3
0 22
-54

0
36

F3x(22)
4
-3
0
22

-1416

944

F1x(22)
88 -66

66

22

-54

36

-1416

944

-96
-54

108
36

-1416

944

F1-F2x(-3)
88
0
0 22
0

F1x(-1416)
13
12
15
0 59
46
29
36
08
28
2 0
36
2 54

94
0 0 14
4
16
F1-F3x(-96)
-124608 0
0 22

0 -62304
-54

36

0 0 -1416

944

F2x(-1416)
-124608

0 -62304

0 -31152 76464 -50976

0

0 -1416

944

F2-F3x(-54)
-124608

0 -62304

0 -31152
0

0 -1416

944

F1x(-8.025166923472E-6)
1
0
0 0.5
0

-31152

0 -1416

944

F2x(-3.2100667693888E-5)
1
0
0
0.5
0
1
0
0
0

-1416

944

F3x(-0.00070621468926554)
1 0 0
0.5
0 1 0
0
0 0 1 -0.66666666666667

3. Resolver por el Mtodo de Jacobi.

4 x 1x 2=1

a.

x 1 +4 x2 x3 =1
x 2 +4 x3 x 4=1
x 3 +4 x 4=1

a) 4

x 1 - x 2 =1

x 1 +4

2 x 3
=1
x

x 2 +4

3 x 4
=1
x

x 3 +4 x 4 =1

Realizando los siguientes pasos:

a) Despejar las variables en funcin de las otras.

x 1 =1/4(1+ x 2 )

x 2 =1/4(1+ x 1 + x 3 )
x 3 =1/4(1+ x 2 + x 4 )
x 4 =1/4(1+ x 3 )
b) Obtener formulas interactivas a partir de (a):
k
x k+1
1
=1/4(1+ x 2 )
k+1

x2

=1/4(1+ x 1+ x3 )

k+1

x3

=1/4(1+ x 2+ x 4 )

k
x k+1
4
=1/4(1+ x 3 )

c) Hacer los clculos interactivos:

K=N Iteraciones
0

x 1 =0

K=0

x 2 =0

x 3 =0

x 4 =0

Primera iteracin:

x 11 =1/4(1+ x 02 )=0.25
1

x 2 =1/4(1+ x 1+ x 3 )=0.25
x 13 =1/4(1+ x 02+ x 04 )=0.25
1

x 4 =1/4(1+ x 3 )=0.25

[ x ki + xik+1 ]

Error Relativo: Max

= E

Ek
100
Error Absoluto: Max [ x k+1 ]
i
Segunda iteracin:
2

x 1 =1/4(1+ x 2 )=(1+1/4)=0.3125
x 22 =1/4(1+ x 11+ x 13 )=(1+1/2)=0.375
2

x 3 =1/4(1+ x 2+ x 4 )=(1+1/2)=0.375
x 24 =1/4(1+ x 13 )=(1+1/4)=0.3125
Calculamos el error:

|x x |
k
i

k+1
i

|x x |

|0.250.3125|

|x x |

|0.250.375|

=0.125

|x x |

|0.250.375|

=0.125

|x x |

|0.250.3125|

k
i
k
i
k
i
k
i

k+1
i
k+1
i
k+1
i
k+1
i

Error Relativo: Max

E2

=0.0625

|x x |

|0.3750.25|

Error Absoluto:

=0.0625

k
i

k+1
i

=0.125

=0.125

0.125
0.375 *100=33.33%
Tercera iteracin:
3

x 1 =1/4(1+ x 2 )=(1+0.375)=0.34375
x 32 =1/4(1+ x 21+ x 23 )=(1+0.3125+0.375)=0.42188
x 33 =1/4(1+ x 22+ x 24 )=(1+0.3125+0.375)=0.42188
x 34 =1/4(1+ x 23 )=(1+0.375)=0.34375

|0.3750.42188|

=0.04688

0.04688
0.42188 *100=11.112%
Cuarta iteracin:

x 41 =1/4(1+ x 32 )=(1+0.42188)=0.35547
x 42 =1/4(1+ x 31+ x 33 )=(1+0.34375+0.42188)=0.44141
x 43 =1/4(1+ x 32+ x 34 )=(1+0.42188+0.34375)=0.44141
x 44 =1/4(1+ x 33 )=(1+0.42188)=0.34375

E4 =

|0.421880.44141|

=0.01953

0.01953
0.44141 *100=4.424%
Quinta iteracin:

x 51 =1/4(1+ x 42 )=(1+0.44141)=0.36035
x 52 =1/4(1+ x 41 + x 43 )=(1+0.44141+0.35547)=0.44922
5

x 3 =1/4(1+ x 2 + x 4 )=(1+0.44141+0.35547)=0.44922
x 54 =1/4(1+ x 43 )=(1+0.44141)=0.36035

E5 =

|0.449220.44141|

=0.00781

0.00781
0.44922 *100=1.74%

Sexta iteracin:

x 61 =1/4(1+ x 52 )=(1+0.44922)=0.3623
x 62 =1/4(1+ x 51+ x 53 )=(1+0.36035+0.44922)=0.45239
x 63 =1/4(1+ x 52+ x 54 )=(1+0.36035+0.44922)=0.45239
x 64 =1/4(1+ x 53 )=(1+0.44922)=0.3623

E6 =

|0.449220.44239|

=0.00317

0.00317
0.45239 *100=0.7%

Sptima iteracin:
7

x 1 =1/4(1+ x 2 )=(1+0.45239)=0.3631
x 72 =1/4(1+ x 61+ x63 )=(1+0.3623+0.45239)=0.45367
x 73 =1/4(1+ x 62+ x64 )=(1+0.3623+0.45239)=0.45367
x 74 =1/4(1+ x 63 )=(1+0.44922)=0.3631

|0.452390.45367|

=0.00128

0.00128
0.45367 *100=0.28%

Octava iteracin:

x 81 =1/4(1+ x 72 )=(1+0.45367)=0.36342

x 2 =1/4(1+ x 1+ x 3 )=(1+0.3631+0.45367)=0.45419
x 83 =1/4(1+ x 72+ x 74 )=(1+0.3631+0.45367)=0.45419
8

x 4 =1/4(1+ x 3 )=(1+0.45367)=0.36342

E8 =

|0.453670.45419|

=0.00052

0.00052
0.45419 *100=0.11%

Novena iteracin:

x 91 =1/4(1+ x 82 )=(1+0.45419)=0.36355
x 92 =1/4(1+ x 81+ x 83 )=(1+0.36342+0.45419)=0.4544
x 93 =1/4(1+ x 82+ x 84 )=(1+0.36342+0.45419)=0.4544
x 94 =1/4(1+ x 83 )=(1+0.45367)=0.36355

E9 =

|0.454470.45419|

=0.00021

0.00021
0.4544 *100=0.046%

Decima iteracin:
10

x1

=1/4(1+ x 2 )=(1+0.4544)=0.3636

9
9
x 10
2
=1/4(1+ x 1+ x3 )=(1+0.36355+0.4544)=0.45449
9
9
x 10
3
=1/4(1+ x 2+ x 4 )=(1+0.36355+0.4544)=0.45449
9
x 10
4
=1/4(1+ x 3 )=(1+0.45367)=0.3636

10

|0.45440.45449|

=0.00009

0.00091
0.45449 *100=0.019%

Onceava iteracin:
11

10

x 1 =1/4(1+ x 2 )=(1+0.45449)=0.36362
10
10
x 11
2
=1/4(1+ x 1 + x 3 )=(1+0.3636+0.45449)=0.45452
11

10

10

x 3 =1/4(1+ x 2 + x 4

)=(1+0.3636+0.45449)=0.45452

10
x 11
4
=1/4(1+ x 3 )=(1+0.45449)=0.36362

11

|0.454520.45449|

=0.00003

0.00003
0.45452 *100=0.0066%

10 x1 +2 x 2+6 x 3=28

b.

x 1+10 x 2+ 4 x 3=7
2 x 17 x 210 x 3=17
1
I . x1k +1= (14x 2k 3 x 3k )
5

x 2k+1=

x3

k+1

1
(7x 1k 4 x 3k )
10
1
k
k
(172 x1 +7 x 3 )
10
Condiciones inciales: x1,x2,x3,k en cero.

1era Iteracion:

x1 =

1
14
0
0
14x 2 3 x3 ) =
(
5
5

x 21 =

1
7
7x10 4 x 30 ) =
(
10
10

x 31 =

1
17
(172 x 10+ 7 x 30 )= 10
10

2daIteracion:

x 12 =

1
1
7 51 92
14x 21 3 x 31 ) = 14 +
=
(
5
5
10 10 25

x 22 =

1
1
14 68 11
7x114 x 31 )=
7 +
=
(
10
10
5 10 10

x 32 =

1
1
28 44 177
(172 x 11+7 x 31 )= 10 17 5 + 10 = 10
10

Error:

92
=0.88
|x 11x12|= 14
5 25
7 11
=0.4
|x 21x 22|= 10
10

177
+
=0.7
|x 31x 32|= 17
10 100
Error Absoluto:

error=

0.88
x 100=23.91304348
92
25

3eraIteracion:

x 13 =

1
1
11 531
(14x 223 x32 )= 5 14 10 + 100 =3.642
5

x 23 =

1
1
92 708
7x 124 x 32 )=
7 +
=1.04
(
10
10
25 100

x 33 =

1
1
184 77
172 x 12+7 x 22 ) =
17
+
=1.666
(
10
10
25 10

Error:

3.642 =0.38
|x 12x 13|= 92
25

1.04 =0.06
|x 22x 23|= 11
10

+1.666 =0.104
|x 32x 33|= 177
100

Error Absoluto:

error=

0.104
x 100=2.855573861
3.642

4taIteracion:

x 14=

1
1
(14x 233 x 33 )= 5 (143.642+ 4.998 )=3.0712
5

x 24=

1
1
7x 134 x 33 ) = ( 73.642+ 6.664 ) =1.0022
(
10
10

x3 =

1
1
3
3
172 x1 +7 x 2 ) = (177.284+7.28 )=1.7004
(
10
10

Error:

|x 13x 14|=|3.6423.0712|=0.38

|x 23x 24|=|1.041.0022|=0.0378
|x 33x 34|=|1.666+1.7004|=0.0344

Error Absoluto:

error=

0.5708
x 100=0.1858556916
3.0712

x 1=3.0712
x 2=1.0022
x 3=1.7004

c.

5 x 1 + x2 x3 =20

x 1+5 x 2+ x3 =10

x 1 + x 25 x3 =5

I . x1k +1=

x2

k+1

1
(20x2k + x 3k )
5

1
k
k
= (10x 1 x 3 )
5

x 3k+1=

1
(5+ x 1k x 2k )
5
Condiciones inciales: x1,x2,x3,k en cero.
1era Iteracion:

x 11=

1
20x 20+ x 30 ) =4
(
5

x 21 =

1
( 10x 10x 30 )=2
5

x3 =

1
0
0
5+ x1 x2 ) =1
(
5
2daIteracion:

x 12 =

1
1
20x 21+ x 31 )=
( 2021 )=3.4
(
5
5

x 22 =

1
1
10x 11x 31 )= (10+ 4+ 1 )=3
(
5
5

x 32 =

1
1
(5x 11x 21 ) = 5 (542 )=0.2
5

Error:

|x 11x12|=|4+ 3.4|=0.6

|x 21x 22|=|23|=1
|x 31x 32|=|10.2|=1.02
Error Absoluto:

error=

1.02
x 100=34
3
3eraIteracion:

x 13 =

1
1
20x 22+ x 32 )=
( 203+0.2 )=3.44
(
5
5

x2 =

1
1
(10x12x 32 )= 5 ( 10+3.40.2 )=2.64
5

x 33 =

1
1
5+ x12x 22 ) =
( 53.43 )=0.28
(
5
5

Error:

|x 12x 13|=|3.4+3.44|=0.04
|x 22x 23|=|32.64|=0.36

|x 32x 33|=|0.20.28|=0.08

Error Absoluto:

error=

0.36
x 100=13.63636364
2.64

4taIteracion:

x 14=

1
1
20x24 + x34 )=
( 202.64 +0.28 ) =3.528
(
5
5

x 24 =

1
1
( 5+ x13 x33 )= 5 ( 10+3.440.28 ) =2.632
5

x3 =

1
1
3
3
5+ x 1 x 2 )=
( 53.442.64 )=0.216
(
5
5

Error:

|x 13x 14|=|3.44 +3.528|=0.088

|x 23x 24|=|2.642.632|=0.008
|x 33x 34|=|0.280.216|=0.064
Error Absoluto:

error=

0.088
x 100=3.343465046
2.632

5taIteracion:

x 15 =

1
1
20x 24 + x 34 ) =
( 202.632+0.216 ) =3.5168
(
5
5

x2 =

1
1
4
4
5+ x 1 x3 )= ( 10+3.5280.216 )=2.6624
(
5
5

x 35 =

1
1
5+ x1 4x 24 ) =
( 53.5282.632 ) =0.232
(
5
5

Error:

|x 14x 15|=|3.528+3.5168|=0.0112

|x 24x 25|=|2.6322.6624|=0.0304
|x 34x 35|=|0.2160.232|=0.016
Error Absoluto:

error=

0.16
x 100=0.6009615385
2.6624

x 1=3.5168
x 2=2.6624
x 3=0.232

4. Resolver por el Metodo de Gauss-Seidal.

a.

2 x y=3

x +2 y=3

a) 2x-y=3
-x+2y= -3
x(k+1)=(1/2)*(3+y(k))
y(k+1)=(1/2)*(-3+x(k+1))
Si k=0 ----- x(0)=0; y(0)=0
PRIMERA ITERACION

x(1)=(1/2)*(3+0)=1.5
y(1)=(1/2)*(-3+1.5)=-0.75
(1)=|0-1.5|=1.5
(1)=|0-(-0.75)|=0.75
Error absoluto=(1.5/1.5)*100%=100%
SEGUNDA ITERACION
x(2)=(1/2)*(3+1.5)=2.25
y(2)=(1/2)*(-3+2.25)=-0.375
(2)=|1.5-2.25|=0.75
(2)=|-0.75-(-0.375)|=-0.375
Error absoluto=(0.75/2.25)=33.3333333%
TERCERA ITERACION
x(3)=(1/2)*(3+2.25)=2.625
y(3)=(1/2)*(-3+2.625)=-0.1875
(3)=|2.25-2.625|=0.375
(3)=|-0.375-(-0.1875)|=0.1875
Error absoluto=(0.375/2.625)*100=14.28571429%
CUARTA ITERACION
x(4)=(1/2)*(3+2.625)= 2.8125
y(4)=(1/2)*(-3+2.8125)= -0.09375
(4)=|2.625-2.8125|=0.1875
(4)=|-0.1875-(-0.09375)|=0.09375
Error absoluto=(0.1875/2.8125)*100=6.666666667%
QUINTA ITERACION
x(5)=(1/2)*(3+2.8124)=2.9062
y(5)=(1/2)*(-3+2.9062)=-0.0469
(5)=| 2.8125-2.9062|=0.0937
(5)=| -0.09375-(-0.0469)|=0.04685
Error absoluto=(0.0937/2.9062)*100=3.224%
SEXTA ITERACION
x(6)=(1/2)*(3+2.9062)=2.9531
y(6)=(1/2)*(-3+2.9531)=-0.02345
(6)=|2.9062-2.9531|=0.0469
(6)=|-0.0469-(-0.02345)|=0.02345
Error absoluto=(0.0469/2.9531)*100=1.588161593%

SEPTIMA ITERACION
x(7)=(1/2)*(3+2.9531)=2.97655
y(7)=(1/2)*(-3+2.97655)=-0.011725
(7)=|2.9531-2.97655|=0.02345
(7)=|-0.02345-(-0.011725)|=0.011725
Error absoluto=(0.02345/2.97655)*100=0.78782483%

b.

4 x 1 +10 x 2+8 x 3=142

2 x 1 +6 x 2+ 7 x 3=89.50
9 x 1+2 x 2+ 3 x 3=56.5

1
I . x1k +1= (14210 x 2k 8 x 3k )
4
1
x 2k+1= (89.502 x 1k+17 x 3k )
6
1
x 3k+1= (56.59 x 1k+1 2 x 2k+1 )
3
Condiciones inciales: x1,x2,x3,k en cero.
1era Iteracion:

x 11=

1
14210 x 20 8 x 30) =35.5
(
4

x 21 =

1
(89.52 x 117 x 30 )=3.083333333
6

x3 =

1
1
1
56.59 x1 2 x 2 )=89.72222222
(
3
2daIteracion:

x 12 =

1
1
14210 x 21 8 x31 ) = ( 14230.83333333+717.7777778 )=207.2361111
(
4
4

x 22 =

1
1
(89.52 x 127 x 31 )= 6 ( 89.5414.4722222+ 628.0555555 )=50.51388888
6

x3 =

1
1
2
2
56.59 x1 2 x 2 )= ( 56.51865.125101.0277778 )=636.5509259
(
3
3

Error:

|x 11x12|=|35.5207.2361111|=171.7361111

|x 21x 22|=|3.08333333350.51388888|=47.43055555
|x 31x 32|=|89.72222222+636.5509259|=546.8287037
Error Absoluto:

error=

546.8287037
x 100=85.904942
636.5509259
3eraIteracion:

x 13 =

1
1
14210 x 228 x32 ) = ( 1425051.388888+5092.407407 )=45.7546298
(
4
4

x2 =

1
1
3
2
89.52 x1 7 x 3 ) = ( 89.591.5092596+4455.856481 )=742.3078703
(
6
6

x 33 =

1
1
56.59 x132 x 23 )= (56.5411.79166821484.615741 )=1839.907409
(
3
3

Error:

|x 12x 13|=|207.236111145.7546298|=161.4814813

|x 22x 23|=|50.51388888742.3078703|=691.7939814
|x 32x 33|=|636.5509259+1839.907409|=1203.356483

Error Absoluto:

error=

1203.356483
x 100=65.40310003
1839.907409

4taIteracion:

x 14=

1
1
(20x24 + x34 )= 5 ( 202.64 +0.28 ) =3.528
5

x 24 =

1
1
5+ x13 x33 ) = ( 10+3.440.28 ) =2.632
(
5
5

x3 =

1
1
3
3
5+ x 1 x 2 )=
( 53.442.64 )=0.216
(
5
5

Error:

|x 13x 14|=|3.44 +3.528|=0.088

|x 23x 24|=|2.642.632|=0.008

|x 33x 34|=|0.280.216|=0.064
Error Absoluto:

error=

0.088
x 100=3.343465046
2.632

5taIteracion:

x 15 =

1
1
20x 24 + x 34 ) =
( 202.632+0.216 ) =3.5168
(
5
5

x 25 =

1
1
(5+ x 14 x34 )= 5 ( 10+3.5280.216 )=2.6624
5

x3 =

1
1
4
4
5+ x1 x 2 ) =
( 53.5282.632 ) =0.232
(
5
5

Error:

|x 14x 15|=|3.528+3.5168|=0.0112

|x 24x 25|=|2.6322.6624|=0.0304
|x 34x 35|=|0.2160.232|=0.016
Error Absoluto:

error=

0.16
x 100=0.6009615385
2.6624

x 1=3.5168
x 2=2.6624
x 3=0.232

c.

9 x 1+2 x 2+ 3 x 3=56.5

4 x 1 +10 x 2+8 x 3=142

2 x 1 +6 x 2+ 7 x 3=89.5

a) 9x1+2x2+3x3=56.5
4x1 +10x2+8x3=142
2x1+6x2+7x3=89.5
x1(k+1)=(1/9)*(56.5 -2x2(k)-3x3(k))
x2(k+1)=(1/10)*(142 -4x1(k+1)-8x3(k))
x3(k+1)=(1/7)*(89.5-2x1(k+1)-6x2(k+1))
Si k=0
x1(0)=0 ; x2(0)=0; x3(0)=0
PRIMERA ITERACION
x1(1)=(1/9)*(56.5 -2x2(0)-3x3 (0)) = 6.277777778
x2(1)=(1/10)*(142 -4x1(1)-8x3(0))=11.68888889
x3(1)=(1/7)*(89.5-2x1(1)-6x2(1)) =0.973015872
(1)=| 0 -6.277777778|=6.277777778
(1)=| 0 -11.68888889|=11.68888889
(1)=| 0 -0.973015872|=0.973015872
ERROR=(11.68888889/11.68888889)*100%=100%
SEGUNDA ITERACION
x1(1)= 6.27777777 ; x2(1)= 11.68888889; x3(1)= 0.973015872
x1(2)=(1/9)*(56.5 -2x2(1)-3x3 (1)) =3.355908289
x2(2)=(1/10)*(142 -4x1(2)-8x3(1))=12.079223987
x3(2)=(1/7)*(89.5-2x1(2)-6x2(2)) =1.473262786
(2)=| 6.277777778 -3.355908289 |=2.921869489
(2)=| 11.68888889-12.079223987 |=0.390335097

(2)=| 0.973015872 -1.473262786 |=0.500246914

ERROR=(2.921869489/12.079223987)*100%=24.1892152%
TERCERA ITERACION
x1(2)= 3.355908289; x2(2)= 12.079223987; x3(2)= 1.473262786
x1(3)=(1/9)*(56.5 -2x2(2)-3x3 (2)) = 3.102418185
x2(3)=(1/10)*(142 -4x1(3)-8x3(2))=11.780422497
x3(3)=(1/7)*(89.5-2x1(3)-6x2(3)) =1.801804093
(3)=| 3.355908289-3.102418185|=0.253490104
(3)=| 12.079223987 - 11.780422497|=0.29880149
(3)=| 1.473262786 -1.801804093|=0.328541307
ERROR=(0.328541307/11.780422497)*100%=2.7888754%
CUARTA ITERACION
x1(3)= 3.102418185; x2(3)= 11.780422497; x3(3)= 1.801804093
x1(4)=(1/9)*(56.5 -2x2(3)-3x3 (3)) = 3.059304747
x2(4)=(1/10)*(142 -4x1(4)-8x3(3))=11.534834827
x3(4)=(1/7)*(89.5-2x1(4)-6x2(4)) =2.024625935
(4)=| 3.102418185-3.059304747|=0.043113438
(4)=| 11.780422497-11.534834827|=0.24558767
(4)=| 1.801804093-2.024625935|=0.222821842
ERROR=(0.24558767/11.534834827)*100%=2.1290957%
QUINTA ITERACION
x1(4)=3.059304747; x2(4)= 11.534834827; x3(4)= 2.024625935
x1(5)=(1/9)*(56.5 -2x2(4)-3x3 (4)) = 3.039605838
x2(5)=(1/10)*(142 -4x1(5)-8x3(4))=11.364456917
x3(5)=(1/7)*(89.5-2x1(5)-6x2(5)) =2.176292403
(5)=| 3.059304747-3.039605838|=0.043113438
(5)=|11.534834827-11.364456917|=0.17037791
(5)=| 2.024625935-2.176292403|=0.151666468
ERROR=(0.17037791/11.364456917)*100%=1.4992174%
SEXTA ITERACION

x1(5)=3.039605838; x2(5)= 11.364456917; x3(5)= 2.176292403

x1(6)=(1/9)*(56.5 -2x2(5)-3x3 (5)) = 3.026912106
x2(6)=(1/10)*(142 -4x1(6)-8x3(5))=11.248201235
x3(6)=(1/7)*(89.5-2x1(6)-6x2(6)) =2.279566911
(5)=|3.039605838-3.026912106|=0.012693732
(5)=|11.364456917-11.248201235|=0.116255682
(5)=| 2.176292403-2.279566911|=0.103274508
ERROR=(0.116255682/11.248201235)*100%=1.0335491%
SEPTIMA ITERACION
x1(6)=3.026912106; x2(6)= 11.248201235; x3(6)= 2.279566911
x1(7)=(1/9)*(56.5 -2x2(6)-3x3 (6)) = 3.018321866
x2(7)=(1/10)*(142 -4x1(7)-8x3(6))=11.169017725
x3(7)=(1/7)*(89.5-2x1(7)-6x2(7)) =2.349892845
(7)=|3.026912106-3.018321866|=0.00859024
(7)=|11.248201235-11.169017725|=0.07918351
(7)=| 2.279566911-2.349892845|=0.070325934
ERROR=(0.07918351/11.169017725)*100%=0.7089568%