Essays:

PTE essays does not require too many ideas relating to the topic. You just need about two ideas, one for
each paragraph.
So you write the introduction, one paragraph.
Then followed by second idea in second paragraph.
Third Idea in third paragraph.
Then conclusion paragraph. you just need a short one as you will lose mark if you write more than the
limited words required.

Useful phrases, sentences and formats for Essays

These are the useful sentences that I collected in my 7 months of preparation from many books, websites
and my two English classes with British Council. They are for IELTS essays which have a few types. But
for PTE, most of the essays are just opinion essays. So you can only refer to Opinion Essays part hat is
No 1.
Use these sentences and you will definately get written discourse minimum 80. And since the vocabulary
and grammer of these sentences are great, you will score high for these secitons which will help you in
overall score for writing.

1.

Opinion : An 'opinion' question asks for your view, not the views of other people, and you don't
have to give both sides of the argument. Just make your opinion clear in the introduction, then
explain it in the rest of the essay.

2.

Discussion + opinion (For and Against or Advantages and Disadvantages) : A 'discussion'

question requires you to write about both sides of the argument, and you should write a similar
amount for each view. If the question also asks for your opinion, you don't need an extra
paragraph. Just make it clear in the introduction and conclusion which of the two views you
agree with

3.

Problem + solution :Type 3 is easy. Simply write a paragraph explaining the problem(s) and a
paragraph explaining the solution(s). Some questions ask about 'causes' or 'effects': these
would be part of the 'problem' paragraph.

1)

Opinion Essay :

Introduction
1) XXXX has become a popular leisure activity in many countries in the developed world but it
has hidden risks. This essay will suggest that it is indeed dangerous and that it is likely to make
consumers more self-centered/selfish and less disciplined with their money.

2) All over the world today/In many Western countries today, it can be observed that the issue of
XXX has grown in importance over the past few decades/years.
3) All over the world today/ In many Western countries today, it can be observed that the issue
of XXX has fallen in importance over the past few decades/years.
4) AIDS/Income equality/ XXX is one of the most serious issues/ dangerous problems facing
lesser developed nations today/ many developed countries today/ many poverty-stricken
nations today/ many underprivileged nations today/ many industrialized countries today.
5) It is undeniable that XXX is one of the most challenging issues in the Western world today.
6) Newspapers XXX, in one form or another, have been in existence for centuries, their purpose
being to spread news.
7) The growing level of XXX has proven to be one of the major obstacles for humanity in the
21st century.
8) Global obesity XXX rates have been swelling over the past few decades now. This is a trend
that is having a devastating effect on populations everywhere.
9) Over recent years, level of XXX unemployment has been increasing at an alarming rate.
10) XXX is certainly something which is often discussed in todays world. Hardly a day goes by
without the subject of XXX being raised in most peoples lives.
1) Some people maintain that it has a beneficial influence on our lives.
2) This essay will express full agreement with this view and will offer reasons for this position.
3) This essay will express complete disagreement with this view and will justify this viewpoint.

First Paragraph
1)
XXX.

To begin with, a variety of reasons can be offered to explain why I am /not in favour of

2)
Foremost among these is that, although it seems reasonable to suggest that XXXX, it
should not be forgotten that / It is foreseeable that
3)

My view, however, is that this would lead to serious damage to the environment and alternative
options need to be found.

4) XXX is one of the key reasons why ..

5) Linked to this is the fact that
6) What is more, another point to be taken into consideration is that

7) An instance illustrating this in action is the fact that .

8) Were something to grow, then the level of XXX would move intandem (present) / would have
moved in tandem (past).
9) Had more been done to xxx then the result would be
10) Should such thing be permitted, it is argued that XXX would
Second Paragraph
1) In addition, it is worth pointing out that it is widely held that
2) The fact that XXX can be considered as a classic example of this occurring.
3) What is more, another point in favour of/ a further common criticism of XXX
4) A relevant example I would like to draw on here would be
5) Bans on commonly used drugs like alcohol in the past have shown they do nothing to curtail
users, but just drive people underground, increasing criminal activity and creating more strain on
police agencies.
6) As the above-mentioned points make it clear, it can hardly be denied that/ it can be clearly seen
that
Conclusion
1) Taking these points into consideration, from a personalperspective, without a shadow of a
doubt (there is not a shadow of a doubt that ), I conclude that/ I am inclined to believe that
Causes
1)

To begin with, I will now consider what I hold to be the causes of this phenomenon.

2)

Foremost among these is the fact that XXX

3)

Linked to this is the fact that

4)

Yet another cause which I feel is important to point out is

5)

An instance illustrating this in action is that / It is illustrated by the fact that

6)

Conditionals

7)

As the above-mentioned points make it clear, it can hardly be denied that

Solutions
1)

Moving on to consider the possible solutions, a number of courses of action could be taken by
governments and individuals. It is generally maintained that education is one of the keysolutions

to this issue. If the young ones understand the importance of public places and know the
consequences of damaging them, the result might deter them from committing such mistakes.
What is more/ In addition, having stringent rules and regulations to punish the perpetrators
appropriately would certainly ameliorate the situation. Public awareness through media could
also be helpful to let people know about these punishments and consequences.
2)

If people were to then they would

3)
Can it be said that if we were to ban smoking that this would not in some part help to
solve this issue? Some might hold this to be somewhat draconian.
4) Or would this be too harsh? Many would consider this too harsh a remedy to this problem.
5)

A relevant example I would like to draw on here would be

1)

In addition, it is commonly believed that

2)
Since the infrastructure of a country is highly dependent on the government themselves, it
is therefore clear that allocating a large budget to developing infrastructure has plenty of
advantages.
3)
When it comes to spending money on protection from disasters, prevention is better than
cure
4)

It is undeniable that spending money on detecting disasters early has many benefits.

5)

It is undeniable that governments should put measures in place to protect citizens safety

6)
It is undeniable that were the government to spend more on health, there would be less
disease
7)
It is undeniable that were we to spend more on education we would have a better
workforce contributing to a higher GDP.
8)
Had the government spent more on developing infrastructure the country would be better
equipped to do business
9)
Had measures been put in place to protect people then such disasters would not have
such great effects
10) Another step to be taken would be to
11) ......... would certainly ameliorate (make situations better) the situation.
12) It is vitally important that .........

13) Legislation should be introduced to control .........../ It is also believed that having stringent
rules and regulations to punish the perpetrators appropriately would certainly ameliorate the
situation.

1)

That fact that XXXX can be considered as a classic example of this occurring

2)

A recent study/survey by the ..shows that 50% of ..

3)
Therefore/ it can be clearly seen/observed that. The argument that XXX can be
debunked (shows not true). . It seems incontrovertible (obviously true) that

Conclusion
1)
In conclusion, It is undeniable ( there is no denying that fact that )that this is a
phenomenon whose causes present us with a huge difficulty. It is my considered opinion that if
we were to put in place some of the solutions mentioned, we would at least be on the way to
solving this problem. Not only governments but individuals must also play their part to contribute
to the solution of this phenomenon.
2)
We must all try harder to bring about the enactment (putting into action) of these solutions
if we are to solve this problem
6)
In conclusion, it is my considered opinion that were we to put in place some of the
solutions mentioned we would at least be on the way to solving this problem. Different countries
are trying many different approaches and they should all be considered individually and judged
by their effectiveness and humaneness

-----------//---------

3. Discussion + opinion (For and Against Essay)

Introduction
1) A matter of considerable controversy at present is the issue of whether .or
2) It is highly debatable to assess whether XXX or xxxx should be responsible
3) Whether XXX or XXX should be held responsible for XXX.

4) XXX is an issue which frequently generates a great deal of heated debate, with supporters
maintaining that it is vital in order to protect society, while opponents claim that it is an
unjustifiable restrictions of public access to information.
5) XXX is an issue which frequently generates a great deal of heated debate, with supporters
maintaining that it has a fundamentally beneficial influence on our lives, while opponents claim
that it has several detrimental effects as well
6) However, it is highly debatable whether it is more important than any other considerations,
such as health and personal happiness, which some people consider to be of greater
significance
7) The argument that technology will completely replace the teachers in the classroom is a
subject that is both supported and refuted by many.
8) Both sides of this contentious issue will be put under scrutiny in the essay below, and my
opinion as to which holds more weight will be given.

First paragraph
1)
Turning, to being with, to the arguments put forward by critics/advocates or those who
advocate the xxx and they believe that the negative aspects/benefits of XXX are manifold.
2)

Foremost among these is that it is commonly held that /

3)

Linked to this is the fact that

4)

Another point which I feel is important to point out is that

5)

Also of some significance is

6)

An instance illustrating this in action is that

7)
8)

Conditions

As the above-mentioned points make clear, it can hardly be denied that .

Second Paragraph
1) Moving on to consider the opposing arguments put forward by critics/advocates/ on the other
side of the fence, they claim that
2) Were a ban in place, would it really prevent people from smoking XXX?
3) The fact that XXX can be considered as a classic example of this occurring.
5) Conditions (Were XXX to V1 or Had we/people/morenot/V3, then ..
6) A relevant example I would like to draw on here would be

7) A further common criticism of

8) What is more, another point in favour of / against is ..
10) A recent study/survey by the ..shows that 50% of ..
11) Therefore/ it can be clearly seen/observed that. The argument that XXX can be debunked
(shows not true). . It seems incontrovertible (obviously true) that
Conclusion
1) In conclusion, weighing all the arguments up against each other, there are strong and valid
points on both sides of the fence and a balance should be sought. We should steer a middle
course between these opposing sides, providing smokers with smoking areas in public places
which could be easily avoided by non-smokers.
2) However, It is my considered opinion that ..we/people should steer a middle course between
these opposing sides

4. Advantages and Disadvantages

Advantages

1) Turning, to being with, to the arguments put forward by critics/advocates/those who advocates and
they ascertain that the benefits/negative aspects of XXX are manifold. To begin with, a variety of
advantages can be put forward for XXX
2) Foremost among these is the establishment of
3) Linked to this is the fact that
4) A further benefit involves the building of
5) An instance illustrating this in action is that / It is illustrated by the fact that
6) Conditions (Were XXX to V1 or Had we/people/morenot/V3, then ..
7) As the above-mentioned points make it clear, it can hardly be denied that/ the heightened benefits
of this opinion regarding the role of XXX can clearly be seen
Disadvantages

1)

Moving on to consider the arguments put forward by critics/advocates/those who advocate the
xxx, they argue that, despite the advantages/ positive effects of/ mentioned above, it should also

not be forgotten that it has hidden risks/ there are numerous advantages of XXX/ the hidden
risks of XXX should not be forgotten.
2) The first reason/negative impact I wish to consider is that , is the fact that
3) Were a ban in place, would it really prevent people from smoking XXX?
4) The fact that XXX can be considered as a classic example of this occurring.
5) Should such thing be permitted, would it really prevent from xxx?
6) Conditions
7)

A relevant example I would like to draw on here would be

8) Moreover, some critics/ scientists/ experts are in favour of / oppose the view of/
9) A further common criticism of
10) What is more, another point in favour of / against is ..
11) What is more, another negative aspect of . Is that
12) A recent study/survey by the ..shows that 50% of ..
13) Therefore/ it can be clearly seen/observed that. The argument that XXX can be debunked
(shows not true). . It seems incontrovertible (obviously true) that
Conclusion
1) In conclusion, weighing all the arguments up against each other, there are strong and valid
points on both sides of the fence and a balance should be sought. We should steer a middle
course between these opposing sides by providing smokers with smoking areas in public places
which could be easily avoided by non-smokers.
2) However, It is my considered opinion that ..we/people should steer a middle course between
these opposing sides/ that the advantages considerably outweigh the disadvantages

1. Extreme sports, sky-diving, bungee-jumping, risky pursuits, the real

dangers of various high-risk pursuits, turning extreme sports into a multibillion dollar global industry, parachuting, numerous fatal accidents,
daredevils, scuba-diving, marathon running, Over the past decade, extreme
sports have become extremely popular. And so have extreme injuries.
Between 2000 and 2011, more than four million injuries were attributed to
extreme sports. and some kids try to emulate his tricks
Extreme sports bring excitement and thrill. The daring participants say
extreme sports are all about the thrill and the sense of accomplishment they

get. They're climbing higher, jumping farther and moving faster, all in the
name of personal glory. Still, when things go wrong, they pay a heavy price.
Humans aren't supposed to fly
2.Packaging ensures that people can buy and use products when they want
them, in good condition and with little wastage. However, many people think
some goods have too much packaging. Snacks intended to be eaten on the
move are an example of products where the consumer could easily assemble
the components him/herself without the need for packaging.
The packaged goods industry is highly competitive, and packaging
manufacturers, packaged goods producers and retailers are all under
pressure to come up with new and better packaging solutions. No business
wants to spend more on packaging than it has to and the fewer resources the
packaging needs, the lower its cost.
Also, companies see to have gone overboard on packaging they put food in
trays, inside a box, inside a plastic container with with cardboard wrap
around to explain what it is. For instance, MacDonalds is the first to overpackage their food and encourage people to eat while walking hence they
throw it on the street.
3.Hometown
Success in any area of life never happens in a complete vacuum. Often it is
just as much dependent on an individuals will-power and intelligence as it is
on their environment and outside circumstances.
To find happiness and success, you therefore need to pay attention and take
some control over the type of environments you are surrounding yourself in
on a daily basis; even the strongest and brightest of minds will find it difficult
to achieve their goals if they are in a completely wrong environment for
them.
This is because every aspect of your external life has some influence over
your internal thoughts and behaviors, especially the people you surround
yourself with on a daily basis, and the type of places where you spend most
of your time.
The first main aspect of our environment that influences our success is the
people we surround ourselves with on a daily basis.For example, surrounding
yourself with friends who are more self-disciplined can also help you become
more self-disciplined. This is just one of many examples of how our social
network can have an influence over our own behavior and goal-seeking.It fits
well with other research that shows if you hang around people who are obese

and unhealthy, its more likely you will become obese and unhealthy. And if
you hang around with people who are lazy and dont study for class, its
likely youll end up with similar grades as them too.
The second main aspect of our environment that influences our success is
the places we spend most of our time at.For example, one important factor
that has shown to increase productivity and happiness is giving people some
freedom to design their own workplace.Taking ownership over where you
spend your time allows you to choose an environment that motivates and
inspires you. A good environment for success should keep your senses
stimulated and awake while you work on your goals, while not being too
distracting.
At the end of the day, you cant meet your full potential for success unless
you find an environment that brings out the very best in you.
4.Climate Change/Global Warming
But what really is the proper role for individuals and institutions in addressing
climate change? An immediate and natural response may be that everyone
should do their part
Decisions affecting carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, for example, are made
primarily by companies and consumers. This includes decisions by
companies about how to produce electricity, as well as thousands of other
goods and services; and decisions by consumers regarding what to buy, how
to transport themselves, and how to keep their homes warm, cool, and light.
In order to effectively address global warming, we must significantly reduce
the amount of heat-trapping emissions we are putting into the atmosphere.
As individuals, we can help by taking action to reduce our personal carbon
emissions. But to fully address the threat of global warming, we must
demand action from our elected leaders to support and implement a
comprehensive set of climate solutions:
Expand the use of renewable energy and transform our energy system to a
cleaner one
Place limits on the amount of carbon that polluters are allowed to emit.
Build a clean energy economy by investing in efficient energy technologies,
industries, and approaches.

Reduce tropical deforestation and its associated global warming emissions.

5.Television
1.Television is now playing a very important role in our lives.
2. Television is not only a convenient source of entertainment, but also a
comparative cheap one.
3. Television keeps you informed about current events. It allows you to follow
the latest developments in science and politics.
4. Many television programs introduce people to things they never thought of
before and have never heard of before.
5. Television has been good company to those who do not work, like
housewives, lonely old people, etc.
6. People all around the world are no longer distant and isolated from each
other.
7.It brings most distant countries and the strangest customs right into your
living room.
8. Compared with radio, everything on television is more lifelike, vivid, and
real.
9. Television may be a vital factor in holding a family together.
10. Television keeps people informed of the news and weather. disasters like
floods, winds, etc.
Disadvantages
1.Television is a great time waster.
2. Television takes up too much of our time.
3.We no longer have enough time for hobbies, entertaining activities.
4.Other outside amusements like theaters, movies, sports, etc get ignored.
5. People have grown addicted to television, often neglecting the necessary
and more important things like meals, sleep, and even work.

6. The more the viewer watches television, the lazier they become. The TV
glues them to the set instead of allowing them to go out.
7. Television prevents people from communicating with each other.
8.It has done much harm to the relationship between family members.
9. Families sit and watch television at dinner instead of talking with each
other
6.Employees opinion
The solid foundation of any successful company is its people. Employees
represent a source of knowledge and ideas, but oftentimes that resource
remains untapped. Involving employees in the decision-making process not
only empowers them to contribute to the success of an organization, but also
saves the company time and money. It also increases productivity and
reduces outsourcing
Improving Morale-Actively engaging workers in the decision-making process
increases overall company morale. Employees understand their ideas are an
important contribution to the company, and gives them the power to
influence the outcome of their work, leading to increased job satisfaction and
a positive attitude.
Internal Resources-Using employees in the decision-making process, rather
than outsourcing, saves money, time, and offers the company long-term
reliable assistance from those who know the corporation well.
Teamwork-Participation in the decision-making process gives each employee
the opportunity to voice their opinions, and to share their knowledge with
others. While this improves the relationship between manager and
employee, it also encourages a strong sense of teamwork among workers.
7.Environment
Deforestation- Deforestation is a rapidly-growing problem in areas like Africa,
Central and South America. Not only does this mean less trees, less
cleansing oxygen, and the displacement of the wildlife, deforestation means
a dangerous decrease in a natural fighter of global warming

Pollution-Pollution comes in many forms and no matter where you live. The
main reason for why pollution has gotten so out of control is that our desire
for more stuff has led to our old stuff being thrown away at an alarming
and unnecessary rate. This need for manufactured items also leads to the air
and water pollution emitted from factories, which in many countries are
highly unregulated.
Loss of Biodiversity-Each species has a role in our planet, and when one dies
out, it can have catastrophic effects on the rest of us. Currently, many other
animals are in danger of becoming extinct, either from being forced out of
their habitats by man or by climate change.
6. Written assessment
Writing is an essential skill that allows people to participate fully in today's
society and to contribute to the economy. It is a complex process that is
essential for extending learning, thinking and communicating with others
The assessment of writing is central to the process of effective teaching and
learning of writing This, in turn, can enable greater understanding of the
requirements needed to support their learning.
It allows students to effectively convey thoughts and ideas through text is
classroom-based writing assessment. Such formative assessments allow
teachers to gauge the effectiveness of their instructional practices, modify
instruction as needed, and provide students with feedback on writing
strengths and areas in need of further development.
7.Shopping mall
Mall culture has become big business, as shopping malls have evolved into
multi-storied structures housing a large number of stores that sell diverse
products and services. Shopping malls house a collection of retail stores and
restaurants
Parking is one of the major hassles for people who go into the city to shop.
Shopping at malls eliminates this problem, because parking is provided
either free of charge or for a nominal fee. This makes it advantageous for
people to choose to shop at a mall rather than a single store. Families who

choose to visit a mall on the weekend or holiday for a family outing find it to
be a more convenient option mainly because parking is provided
Visiting a mall is advantageous because of the numerous stores housed in
one complex. Groceries, clothes, shoes, reading material, food courts,
cinemas and entertainment arcades are available in one place. Malls make
great meeting places for friends to catch up over coffee at a caf or a meal
at the food court.
One of the major disadvantages - These include excessive crowding,
especially on weekends and holidays. Crowded aisles and stores make
shopping very difficult; people often end up forgetting items they needed to
buy. Parking can also be a problem when the mall is very crowded.
The temptation to browse is always present, and browsing often leads to
buying things that are not needed. Keeping to a monthly budget becomes
increasingly difficult every time you visit the mall. With all the sales and
special offers intended to tempt buyers, saying "no" becomes very
hard.-----------------------8. Work-Life Balance
If people don't have time to relax and recharge, their ability to do their job
decreases and their performance level suffers.
Work-life balance is about creating and maintaining supportive and healthy
work environments, which will enable employees to have balance between
work and personal responsibilities and thus strengthen employee loyalty and
productivity.
Todays workers have many competing responsibilities such as work,
children, housework, volunteering, spouse and elderly parent care and this
places stress on individuals, families and the communities in which they
reside. Work-life conflict is a serious problem that impacts workers, their
employers and communities.
Long work hours and highly stressful jobs not only hamper employees ability
to harmonize work and family life but also are associated with health risks,
such as increased smoking and alcohol consumption, weight gain and

depression. Work life conflict has been associated with numerous physical
and mental health implications.
Work-life conflict has negative implications on family life. Their work
responsibilities interfere with their ability to fulfill their responsibilities at
home.
A growing number of employers have implemented wellness programs or
pay for their employees gym membership as part of a benefits package.
Some companies invite fitness trainers or yoga instructors into the office to
hold lunchtime sessions.
Companies that have implemented work-life balance programs recognize
that employee welfare affects the bottom line of the business. Finally, selfmanagement is important; people need to control their own behaviour and
expectations regarding work-life balance.

4. Nowadays, the mass media including TV, radio and newspaper

have become the essential part of our lives. What is your opinion?
5. The mass media including TV, Radio and newspaper influence our
society and shape our opinions and characters. What is your
opinion?
Newspapers, radio, television, and the Internetincluding e-mail and blogs
are significantly influential on our society, especially in affirming attitudes
and opinions that are already established. The news media focus the publics
attention on certain personalities and issues, leading many people to form
opinions about them.
Mass media sets the news agenda, which shapes the public's views on what
is newsworthy and important.
It is a system used by advertisement agencies and media outlets, such as
television channels and radio stations to "convince" their audiences to do or
act in a certain way. It appeals to the vulnerability of the desired target .
For instance, a famous person or persons Who are recognized and admired
by whole communities. These individuals have the "Power" to convince their
followers or fans into taking any kind of action or decision. Therefore, these

famous people usually are linked or work for some media outlet and are
used, to influence the community accordingly./////////////
The media has changed significantly in the past years. Because of the
availability of television and radio all populations and classes have been
exposed to various types of media. The Internet has provided an even newer
media resource. The majority of people live in a very fast paced
society. They have very little time for reading and exploring the truth of
information. The producers of media publication are aware of this and use
the media to influence public choice and opinion. The problem lies in that
many people are gullible and society as a whole is easily influenced by the
media representations. The media also responds to public demand and
provides the information that the public craves.
A positive aspect of the medias bias has been that it has facilitated change
in peoples perception of races in a positive manner, exposed people to other
cultures, made people aware of environmental needs, and the needs of
people far away. While there can also be negative implications the media
also has to reflect the publics point of view. With the growing representation
of Hispanics, African Americans, and other minority groups, the media is
under pressure to present them in a more positive light.
7. Some people think law changes our behaviour. Discuss.
14. Some people believe law changes human behaviour. Do you
agree/disagree?
Can legislation reform human nature?
Can laws change people's mind?
As far as I am concerned, laws can only prohibit people's evil behaviour by
the force of government power, ensure the freedom of its people and help
maintaining the peace and stability of the society. They can not operate on
people's minds.
Moral judgment is motivated largely by avoidance of punishment. Individuals
develop an understanding that rules are necessary to aintain social order,
and are motivated by what they think people expect of them. Thus, people
perceive an obligation to uphold the law to avoid the social disorder that
would follow in the wake of others disobeying.

13. It is usually foolish to get married before completing your

studies and getting established in a good job? Do you agree or
disagree".
There are numerous disadvantages to getting married while still a student.
[Getting married in college] can create a greater problem when you are
dependent on parents to support you. There is the probability of more
tension on the part of both sets of parents. Expecting your parents to
continue paying your tuition as though you were still a child once you have
chosen to take on the very adult responsibility of marriage can also create
tension.
Another reason to wait is the time constraint on enrolled newlyweds.
Balancing time at home, adjusting to a new life and spending time on
academics is a daunting task, regardless of how organized you are. Married
college students are often left with not enough time to do housework, study
or have couple time. Little time is left for each other so theres less time to
work on personal growth and the marriage.
The college marriage often results in restriction of college experiences,
participation in college functions and of relationships of college friends.
Not only that, but she also finds that marriage affects academics. There is
often a drop in grades due to added responsibilities or having to take on a
full time job. The distractions that marriage brings are endless and normal,
but if your current schedule and goals make marriage too much to handle on
top of your college life, then the smartest decision may be taking care of
your college career before saying your vows.
Sometimes the engaged couple isnt actually ready to decide what they want
out of life (or marriage) yet. College is a time of growth and maturing.
Getting married too soon can cut growth and maturation short. Most
students need some time to be self-supporting, living on your own and
making decisions as you mature. An early marriage can prevent students
from ever getting that time to mature.
15. Talk about pros/cons of this era as it is full of daily inventions
In today's world, where just about everything is more convenient and
accessible due to advances in technology across almost all sectors, it may
seem as though it's a misnomer to even mention any disadvantages of
technological advances. However, despite how far technology has taken
humans and no matter how convenient it may make things, there are some
disadvantages accompanying this level of access.

Technology advances show people a more efficient way to do things, and

these processes get results. For example, education has been greatly
advanced by the technological advances of computers. Students are able to
learn on a global scale without ever leaving their classrooms. Agricultural
processes that once required dozens upon dozens of human workers can now
be automated, thanks to advances in technology, which means costefficiency for farmers. Medical discoveries occur at a much more rapid rate,
thanks to machines and computers that aid in the research process and allow
for more intense educational research into medical matters.This results in
cost savings for business owners, allowing them to invest in growth in other
areas of the business, which contributes on a positive level to the economy
as a whole.
The more advanced society becomes technologically, the more people begin
to depend on computers and other forms of technology for everyday
existence. This means that when a machine breaks or a computer crashes,
humans become almost disabled until the problem is resolved. This kind of
dependency on technology puts people at a distinct disadvantage, because
they become less self-reliant.
At the same time, human workers retain less value, which is a disadvantage
of technological advances. Because machines automate processes and do
the work of 10 people with one computer, companies find they don't need to
employ as many people to get the job done. As machines and computers
become even more advanced and efficient, this will continue to be a growing
disadvantage of technology and an issue that has a global impact.
16. Imitating celebrities in sports and movies good or bad?
Now, more than ever, celebrities are extremely influential in the lives of
teenagers. While there are certainly some positive role models for teens
among todays celebrities, there are also many who provide a decidedly
negative influence. Teens who try to emulate these celebrities may fall victim
to several different issues,
There include Drug abuse or drug addiction, Problems with alcohol and
drinking heavily, Eating disorders and Low self-esteem and low selfconfidence.
1)

It seems like every day there are more and more stories and pictures on
the Internet of the illicit activities of celebrities. Teens see these people
partying, drinking alcohol or doing drugs, and they think they should too.
This sends the message to teens that in order to have fun or be cool, you
have to use these substances. Teens may begin to think that it is no big deal,

and this can cause serious problems leading to and including drug and
alcohol addictions, risk-taking behaviors, and even death.
2)

Some of the most common problems that occur are issues with selfesteem for teens, especially teen girls. When a teen girl flips through her
favorite fashion magazine, she is inundated with pictures and articles
revolving around the erroneous belief that celebrities are perfect. The airbrushed pictures, workout and diet tips, and pin-thin models can cause body
images issues for teens. In trying to make themselves look like the pictures
that they see, teens can cause real damage to their bodies. Working out too
much or not eating enough can lead to an eating disorder, such as anorexia
or bulimia
17. Any recent invention that you think proved beneficial or
detrimental to society
18. In the past 100 years, there have been many inventions such as
antibiotics, airplanes and computers. What do you think is the most
important of them? Why? Greatest invention in the last 100 years,
medicine, sciene or technology?
It is evident how life has changed since technology has been introduced in
the human life. When we think about technology mostly the first thing that
comes to our mind is the image of a computer. Technological advancements
such as computers have been designed and created with the only purpose to
help humans and make their lives easier. Computers have become
indispensable in any workplace where they are basically considered a
compliment for people to help them on developing their activities. In fact,
computers are the greatest invention of all time because they have multitasking features that can minimize your work, they can display and let you
manipulate stored information, and they are used in almost all fields for any
purpose.
First of all computers have multi-tasking features that can minimize the work
you have to do. For example, computers avoid you having to calculate any
result on doing math, the only thing you must do is to type the information
needed and your work is done.
Secondly, computers can display and let you manipulate stored information.
In other words, you dont need to use paper in order to store any information
on shelves. You dont even have to rewrite a whole paper because you did a
mistake or you have to add more information to the written form. You can
have as many files as you can in your computer and organize them the way
you like it without having to use any extra material or space.

Finally, computers are used in almost all fields for any purpose such as
entertainment, education, and any type of job. For example, you can use
computers to play videogames, watch movies, listen to music or chat on the
internet for entertainment. In education or any job you can use them for
videoconferences, PowerPoint presentations or just using their basic features
discussed in the first point.
Therefore computers are the greatest invention of all time because they
reduce your time consumption on your activities, you can save your
information and edit it anytime, and they let you do almost everything you
need. Computers have become the most powerful tool ever created.
19. Information revolution has changed the way of mass
communications and had some negative and positive effects on
individual lives as well as on society. To what extent do you agree or
disagree?
23. Communication has changed significantly in the last 10 yers.
Disucss pros and cons impacts.
IT has not only brought the world closer together. Therefore, we can not only
share information quickly and efficiently, but we can also bring down barriers
of linguistic and geographic boundaries. The world has developed into a
global village due to the help of information technology allowing to shares
ideas and information with each other.
Communication has also become cheaper, quicker, and more efficient. We
can now communicate with anyone around the globe by simply text
messaging them or sending them an email for an almost instantaneous
response. The internet has also opened up face to face direct communication
from different parts of the world thanks to the helps of video conferencing.
Bridging the cultural gap - Information technology has helped to bridge the
cultural gap by helping people from different cultures to communicate with
one another, and allow for the exchange of views and ideas, thus increasing
awareness and reducing prejudice.
However, While information technology may have streamlined the business
process it has also crated job redundancies, downsizing and outsourcing. This
means that a lot of lower and middle level jobs have been done away with
causing more people to become unemployed.
Privacy - Though information technology may have made communication
quicker, easier and more convenient, it has also bought along privacy issues.
Due to website and email hacking, people are now worried about their once
private information becoming public knowledge.

Lack of job security - Industry experts believe that the internet has made job
security a big issue as since technology keeps on changing with each day.
This means that one has to be in a constant learning mode, if he or she
wishes for their job to be secure.
Dominant culture - While information technology may have made the world a
global village, it has also contributed to one culture dominating another
weaker one. For example it is now argued that US influences how most
young teenagers all over the world now act, dress and behave. Languages
too have become overshadowed, with English becoming the primary mode of
communication for business and everything else.

20.Learning a new language at an early age is helpful for children.

Is it more positive ofr their future aspect or have some adverse
effects. Agree or disagree?
There are several benefits of learning a new language, the latest being it
promotes a better understanding (and acceptance of) psychology and
diversity.
1.Bilingualism delays Alzheimers disease by as much as five .
2. Being bilingual can lead to improved listening skills, since the brain has to
work harder to distinguish different types of sounds in two or more
languages
3. Babies brought up in a bilingual environment have stronger working
memories than those brought up with only one language
This means they are better at mental calculation, reading and many other
vital skills.
4. Better multi-tasking-Bilingual people can switch from one task to another
more quickly. They show more cognitive flexibility and find it easier to adapt
to unexpected circumstances.
5. Learning a new language can literally change the way you see the
world.Learning Japanese, for example, which has basic terms for light and
dark blue, may help you perceive the colour in different ways

People used to think that learning two languages created confusion in the
mind. Some studies did seem to back up the idea that learning two
languages could be problematic; early researchers noted that bilingual
people tended to have smaller vocabularies and slower access to words.
22. In under developed countries, tourism has disadvantages and
can be said the opposite as well.
In recent decades, low cost airfare has made international travel easier and
many countries have, therefore, developed their tourism industries into key
sectors of their economies. While it is clear tourism brings obvious benefits
to the countries that host tourists, it is also true to say it may bring
disadvantages as well.
Undoubtedly, there are significant benefits that tourism brings to a country.
First, a thriving tourist industry implies an increasing need for a variety of
services such as hotels, transport, restaurants, and entertainment. This
results in a considerable number of jobs being created for people who lack a
college education and also the development of the infrastructure needed to
accommodate visitors. Moreover, tourism is a "green" industry that, unlike
factories, generates a low level of pollution. In fact, because beautiful natural
landscapes are often places that tourists come to see, a country will often be
sure to maintain the landscape in order to keep it attractive for tourists.
Despite the benefits, there are aspects of tourism that may prove harmful to
a country. For instance, a country may suffer from the loss of their traditional
culture. This is caused by people in a country changing their lifestyle,
customs, and language in order to more effectively serve visitors or because
they become influenced by foreign countries. This can cause stress in a
traditional society and could even lead to animosity towards tourists. In
addition, because tourists often carry expensive objects like cameras and are
unaware of their surroundings, they make good targets for theft. Crime also
increases as a result of the increases in drugs and prostitution that caters to
some vacationers.
In summary, global tourism is greatly beneficial to an economy and
environment of a country. However, it can be detrimental in several ways. To
my way of thinking, a country should seek to develop its tourism industry
because it can bring steady jobs to many people without their need for
higher education and without the risk of environmental damages.
23. The only thing that interfere with my leaning is my educationEinstein. What does he mean by that? And do you think he is
correct?

Formal education tends to limit the thinking you can do about a subject. For
instance, you know and accept that the Law of Gravity is valid. You've been
taught that in school. Therefore, you are not going to waste your time trying
to get around it.
Most engineers today are taught that something must be done THIS way. By
the time they get their degrees, they can't see simple solutions to complex
problems. That's when you need someone with no degree and not a lot of
knowledge about engineering that you can bounce the problem off of. In
explaining it to them and dealing with their offhand suggestions, you often
get the simple solution you couldn't see.
Einstein recognized that education also limits the mind and felt he learned
more by doing research without the confines of the degree.
Einstein was a genius, which back in the old days many never really
understood what a genius really was! So for him to say, the only thing that
interferes with my learning is my education! He was actually saying, he was
a lot smarter then any education that could be taught to him back in them
days!
So he had to more or less, self educate on his own to be able to be smarter
then he already was! Many people saw him as off the wall, sort of speak!
Because of the fact he was a lot more smarter then anyone really knew! So
instead of him being looked up to because of being so smart, he was more
like an out cast to most! Mostly because of his odd behavior, and weirdness
and very much misunderstood! He plainly just didn't fit in!
I guess you could say, very few people tried to get to know him at his level
and partly no one could possibly even think at his level! So he to many was
just a strange person! But the fact was he was a genius and he was
misunderstood back in them days! Geniuses today are honored and almost
worshiped and there is today, way higher education levels in place now for
people that are geniuses!
Could you imagine if education would have been so high level to teach
Einstein to the levels he was urning for! He would have really accomplished
way more then what he did!
And may have changed the world for a lot better then what it is today!
Maybe that's why education is such a high priority in todays world, so that
everyone has a chance to be the next great Einstein, or even greater! If

education hadn't changed from the old days, man would have never made it
to the moon!
Education has to always change for the better, may be at times not fast
enough, but if it didn't life will never get better! If education was still the
same as back in Einstein days, Medical wouldn't be where it is today and
millions would have all died every year! Medical is the biggest resource for
longer life and more quality of life! Without it, people would be dieing at
younger ages and from many diseases that wouldn't be cureable without all
the medical education we all have today!
Einstein would have actually fit in better in todays world then he did back in
the old days, you could say he was born in the wrong Century, so it would be
like taking a well educated person today and put them back into Einstein
days of life! The person would feel completely out of place and most likely
wouldn't be able to even cope in that kind of life!
So what Einstein was saying is, he was being taught 6 th grade education
when he was actually like the highest college degree grad in are time of life!
And he wanted higher education then the highest college education! But
back in his days 6 th grade education is all they had as highest education to
offer!
The illiterate of the 21st century will not be those who cannot read
and write, but those who cannot learn, unlearn, and relearn.
Education in the 21st Century: The Challenge
'The illiterate of the twenty-first century will not be those who cannot read
and write, but those who cannot learn, unlearn and relearn.' - Alvin Toffler
How effective is the education that your child receives? As one of the world's
wealthy countries, we could reasonably expect that our education system
would rate as one of the world's best, and certainly in terms of spending on
education, Singapore's record is very good, but it seems that our report card
- along with those of all major developed countries - should read: 'Must do
better'.
Around the world, education systems are struggling to remain relevant in a
changing world. Far too often they are failing to prepare students for life in
the 'new economies'.
So, what does all this mean to parents, struggling to make the right
educational choices for their children? And what does it mean to a nation like
Singapore at the beginning of the twenty-first century?

For the individual, there is no way to over-estimate the importance of

education.
Many may score well in basic literacy and number skills but performance
even in these areas is often based on the wealth and social position of the
students. And besides, education suited for the new millennium is not the
same as in previous decades. The new economy, brought about by the huge
changes of the communications revolution, means that the skills which will
be valued are far more wide-ranging than the 'three Rs' of the past. Literacy
and number skills are still vital, but the successful person in the future will be
the person with wide-ranging abilities - the person 'able to navigate change
and diversity, learn-as-they-go, solve problems, collaborate and be flexible
and creative.' (New Learning: A Charter for Australian Education - Australian
Council of Deans of Education (A.C.D.E.)
Creative teachers have understood this for decades, but education systems,
are slow to adapt frustrating most attempts at meaningful evolution.
Education suited to our children's needs must help them cope as individuals
in a complex world. Experts predict that today's students will be the first in
history to face the prospect of working at ten - or more - different jobs during
their working lives. They will need thinking and learning skills that are
creative and flexible. Adaptability will be their most prized possession.
In reality, there is a danger, that outside pressures and the time constraints
of an over-crowded curriculum distract us from the traditional purpose of
good schooling, which is to turn out a well-rounded, decent human being.
Britain's Prime Minister, Tony Blair, made his intentions clear in 1997, with his
statement of priorities: 'Education, Education, Education.' Only last year
Singapore's minister for education, Teo Chee Hean said, 'education is about
moulding the future of our nation'. He was right of course, but he might also
have said, 'education is about moulding the future of each individual.'
The challenge for each of us is to find the method of learning best suited to
the demands of that future, and this will be the subject of my articles over
the coming weeks.

Tobacco is one of the most widely-used drugs of the world. Over a billion adults legally smoke
tobacco every day. Tobacco is slowing taking a billion people in the world towards doom. The

long term health costs are high for smokers, who suffer from various heart and lung diseases,
reduced concentration and continually diminishing immunity.
Non-smokers, accompanying smokers or those who are in their close vicinity, also become
Passive smokers and bear the toll of various inevitable diseases as they inhale the smoke
which has an ill-effect on their respiratory systems. Thus, the health costs are highfor smokers
themselves, and for wider community in terms of health care costs and lost productivity.
There has been awareness among people from many years, about the ill-effects of smoking and
various campaigns run by the government, NGOs and local bodies to encourage people to quit
smoking but the result have not been impressive. The solution is to nip the problem in the bud.
School authorities and parents should keep a close eye so that children dont start to smoke
because they think it is cool. They should be made aware about the harmful effects of
smoking.
Government could play a vital role too. Smoking should not be high-hand in advertisements and
movie commercials which have a huge impact on people. It could levy high taxes on tobacco
products to keep people away from its reach. Rules for checking children buying such products
should be made
stringent.
The onus to protect from such products also lie on individuals as will-power always does the
trick. The knowledge of importance of being healthy has to be realized from within. It goes a
long way to check the problem. Thus, the solution requires both legitimate action of Government
and strong individual decisions to eliminate the problem.
1.

Three Line Introduction samples # PTE Essay # past exam Questions #

1. Many people think that regions affect successful person.

What is your opinion about accomplished persons influence on the native region he belongs to?

Undeniably person's vicinity plays a vital role in moldings him into his success. Accomplished
person have great influence on their native region, as many youngsters can relate to him and
want to imitate his blueprint of success. This essay will discuss how successful person can
impact their native people.

2. Nowadays, the mass media including TV, radio and newspaper have become the essential
part of our lives.
What is your opinion?

Mass media plays a pivotal role in our life. Many people and businesses rely on these mediums
for their day to day transactions. On the flip-side it also bombards us with too much or unwanted
information. This essay will shed a light on various aspects of this issue.

3. Companys top level authorities should get their employees in decision making process.
Discuss
Decision making is a crucial step in a success of a company. Whether to involve employees in
this process is a moot point. I advocate that top management should deploy their juniors to
make decisions although some may object that it is risky.
Feedback: Second sentence can be written as: The moot question is that whether involvement
of employees is required for the decision making process. Third sentence: If u advocate, then
don't write what other side thinks... Just build up the essay on what u think.

4. Discuss the roles of governments, companies and individuals to combat climate change.

Since last few decades climate change is afflicting our planet severely. It's is the duty of the
government, companies, and individuals to reduce carbon emission to save the planet. This
essay will outline the role of each party in combatting climate change.

5. Nowadays, the mass media including TV, radio and newspaper have become the essential
part of our lives. What is your opinion?

Mass media plays a pivotal role in our life. Many people and businesses rely on these mediums
for their day to day transactions. On the flip-side it also bombards us with too much or unwanted
information. This essay will shed a light on various aspects of this issue.

Feedback: You have to clearly mention The flipside (What are you going to cover in that para)

6. The environment we live in is in danger due to various problems.

What are the underlying causes?
Who is responsible to combat this?
What measures?

No one can overlay the fact that the planet we live in is at serious threat. Increasing number of
natural calamities like Tsunami, earthquakes, floods and hurricanes have given us repeated
warning signals. This essay will outline few causes and measures that must be implemented by
responsible authorities.
Reply
2.
Ozzie4 August 2015 at 07:02
Can somebody pretty please check these essays for me

7. Pros and Cons of extreme /adventure sports.

Advancing technology and science has invented new sports, never imagined before with the
risks that never existed before. Undoubtedly the feel of a thrill comes at a price and on few
occasions it can be death. This essay will discuss the positive and negative aspects of these
adventure sports.

Feedback: Try to avoid technology and science.

It can also be written as.

Adventure sports were there before as well but only limited to defense purposes. With the
advancement in technology these sports are now accessible by a common man.

8. Some people think law changes our behavior. Discuss.

Law is the only way to have control over the public. People usefully behave in a way that is in
accordance with the law so it is true that law changes our behavior. This is essay will discuss
few reasons with examples to prove the validity of this statement.

9. In education system, assessment through formal written examination still valid. Discuss

Without a doubt formal written examination is used widely as assessment criteria. Advancement
in technology has open doors for alternate ways to assess educational skills and abilities. This
essay will discuss the validity of formal exams as assessment criteria.

Feedback: In the question they never asked you about the alternative ways of assessment.

Second line can be written as: The moot question as to whether the formal written assessment
is reasonable is an interesting issue upon which opinion varies greatly.

10. Large shopping malls are replacing small shops. Your opinion? Good or bad?

Without a doubt, mall culture is spreading its wings in most urban areas by replacing small
shops. As a consumer its much convenient for us as we can shop for most of our requirement
under one roof. In this essay we will look at some pros and cons of this trend.

Feedback: Second sentence must include what is asked in the question. That tells the reader if
u have understood the question or not and The third sentence must inform what u will write in
the essay.
Tip: Just paraphrase the question.

It can also be written as

The question whether this boom of mall's trend is positive or negative is a complex issue, upon
which opinion varies greatly.
Reply
3.
Ozzie4 August 2015 at 07:03

11. Nowadays, people spend too much time at work to the extent that they hardly have time for
their personal life. Discuss.
Modern lifestyle has brought some drastic changes in a way we function as compared to our
traditional lifestyle. People are spending most of their day at work and can hardly spare some
time for personal life. I am of the opinion that work and personal life must be balanced. Herein
we will discuss few reasons and solutions of this issue.

Feedback: Tip: Try to write as many academic words as u can.

Third sentence can start as: This essay will outline the compelling reasons

12. It is usually foolish to get married before completing your studies and getting established in
a good job? Do you agree or disagree"

Getting married before finishing studies and getting employed can be arduous at times.
Although some may object that it's good to have a helping hand, I would still advocate that
getting married later is much better as one can focus on his career.

Feedback: Although some people may believe in getting married prior to settle their career.

13. Talk about pros/cons in this era of daily inventions.

It is undeniable that inventions have shrunk the boundaries of the world we live in. In this
modern era everyday there is some new invention in some part of the world. Although these
inventions are meant to solve problems, many have proven to be dangerous. This essay will talk
about its positive and negative impacts.

14. Imitating celebrities in sports and movies good or bad?

It's a human nature to imitate the famous around us. These sports and movie stars being
portrayed as personalities with admirable jazzy lifestyle, most youngsters want to imitate them.
Whether it is good or bad is a moot question upon which the opinion varies.

Or

Without a doubt, human nature has been blessed to imitate the famous around them. The moot
question as to whether imitating sportspersons or celebrities is an interesting issue, upon which
opinion varies greatly. This essay will outline the compelling reasons to show the positive and
negative sides of portraying as sportsperson or celebrities.
Reply
4.
Ozzie5 August 2015 at 05:13
The claim that animals have rights has been the subject of much debate since the 1970s.

Are zoos helping or hurting our animals?

Should zoos be banned?
Do you agree or disagree?
Since last half century Veganism and animal rights is making headlines. With the advancement
of technology many shocking videos have been coming out on animal cruelty and many are
becoming aware of animal rights. In this essay we will advocate for banning of zoos as there are
alternate ways to see the animals.

Firstly its been taught is schools thats Man is an evolution of and originated from monkeys, so
why cage our ancestors? The Zoos are mostly commercialized and rob animals from their right
of living in natural habitat. Many are have to spend their entire life in a cage just because some
more powerful species like humans can watch them and experiment on them. Secondly there
are alternate ways to see them in their natural habitat. For example, African safaris take have
safe vehicles which go into jungles and forests and get to see these animals and sometimes
feed them as well. In this way humans get to travel as well as watch them without hurting them.
On the contrary some may argue that everyone cannot afford to travel and pay for safaris.
However in my opinion for our convenience those animals have to pay the price of their freedom
and a lifetime in artificial caged environment.
So conclude, we should live in harmony with nature and other living entities. Just because we
have more intelligence and have ability to capture and control them does not make us superior.
Reply
5.
Ozzie5 August 2015 at 05:14
In some countries around the world, voting is compulsory.
Do you agree with the notion of compulsory voting?
If Voting is compulsory in democratic society, what conclusions can we draw about Nature of
democracy?

Compulsory voting in a democratic society is undeniably a controversial topic as it raises a

question: how democratic a nation will be with or without compulsory voting. This system has
many benefits to the nation, if it is implemented in a right manner. In this essay we will discuss
the nature of democracy with few examples of compulsory voting.

Democracy is also known as republic, is a governing system where the citizens of the country
vote to one of the several parties competing for the Presidents position. If only 30% of the
people vote then outcome of the election will be unfair, as those who did not vote may not like
the party that won the election. For instance, In America, Bill Clinton won when mere 34% of the
total population voted. Similarly in India on an average only 50 to 55% of the people vote and
rest have to accept the rules drafted by the unwanted members of the parliament.
Turning to the compulsory voting, in Australia voting is compulsory since last 80 years. Almost
90% of public participate and there is a little fine for those who dont participate. Moreover, in
South American nations like Peru and Bolivia there are harsh punitive action against those who
dont vote. For example, Non Voters are barred from accessing their own bank accounts for up
to 3 months. This is the reason there are some people who are against compulsory voting.
In a nutshell it can be said that compulsory voting is an imperative step in a democratic society,
however its implication in a friendly manner is of vital importance. So compulsory voting is
mandatory for a democracy to be a democracy.

Essay - War of Ideas

In a war of ideas, it is people who get killed. Does a common man suffer from a groups
ideology? Express your opinion, and support the same with reasons and examples.
Throughout history, the thinking of a group of people is impacting the lives of
thousands of civilians. Whether it is considered on a political or social level, a set of
decisions of a group explains how a society should work. It is completely agreed that in the
conflict of interest between different countries or different groups within same country, it is
the innocent people who sacrifice their lives. It can be seen from the incidents of World War
II and September 11 attacks in United States of America.
First of all, during World War II, a group of countries namely US, UK and China
united and attacked Japan with explosive atomic bombs destroying the cities of Hiroshima
and Nagasaki, killing more than one lakh civilians. This is a clear example of the decision
laid by a few countries against Japan to surrender to its Allies. Though, these countries
achieved victory in their mission but Japanese people are still suffering from the radioactive
radiation effect which resulted in blindness and mental disorders. Thus, we can say that
political ideologies of a group can drastically harm society.
In addition, September 11 attacks on US by a group of 19 militants, associated with
Islamic extremist group, hijacked four airplanes and killed around 3,000 people by colliding
airplanes into symbolic US landmark. This example clearly shows how the decision and
planning of these terrorist activists took lives of thousands of innocent people.
Looking at the above examples, we can say that it is common man who is suffering
from the social, economical and political interests of a few people. It is hoped that in future,
the major decisions concerning every citizen or the civilians of another country, would be
taken considering its consequences.
Speaking section:
Mostly questions do get repeated in Pte exam,those who have taken the exam more than
once might have encountered some same questions.

Re-Tell Lecture
1) With remote observation technology, it is possible to observe all the activities a fish
perform in the water.How they react when they are hungry,and how they feed themselves
with food.If they are not eating their food there can be several reasons for it.
2)There is a difference in the performance of boys and girls in two major subjects English
and Maths.In Maths girls out perform boys whereas in English there is not much difference
in performance of both.The reasons for this difference is performance can be
biological,social and cognitive.
3)The darkness between the bright galaxies is the question of concern to all those studying
astrology.There are hundreds and thousands of bright galaxies in the sky,but between these
galaxies lies darkness.And this darkness has become the main issue to be answered.
4)The streets in the time of Napoloen 2 were well maintained.Hundreds of trees were
planted along the streets and proper street lightening was done.Also drainage system
improved a lot during his kingdom.
5)Disappearing of native languages:
Over the period of last 20 years,a lot of small native languages have disappeared in
Australia.The main reason for this is globalization .As global markets are emerging,English
is becoming the prime language for all the countries.Global market is not a suitable
environment for small languages to survive.
Tips for re-tell lecture:
Just make the notes while listening to the lecture.Note the keypoints or the important
information the speaker mentions in the lecture.
The most important is to speak continuously without any break.If you don't have sufficient
material to say,in that case repeat the same content.

Describe Images
1) Describe the image in 40 seconds

Response: The graph depicts the population of various countries living under less than 2 $
per day.The countries of Africa have an average living of around 4$/day folowed by Latin
countries where the living is 2.5 dollars.Specifically talking about Asian countries the
income is nearly 2$ per day.
You can give this type of response but the thing that matters is do not stop in between as it
will effect the fluency score.
2) Describe Image in 40 seconds

Response : The graph shows the time spent on various activities by both men
and women.
Men in their free time watch Tv for around 8 hours whereas women watch tv
for aproximately 7 hours.Time spend on leisure activities is 6 hours and 5
hours respectively.Particularly talking about household work where women
spend more time than men.In reading men spend 4 hours and women.On
other activities both spend roughly 2 hours.
1.
The claim that animals have rights has been subjected as a matter of debate since the 1970s. Are
zoos helping or hurting our animals? Should zoos be banned? Do you agree or disagree.
For several years, it has been argued that animals have rights. This was further claimed by not-for-profit
organsiations such as PETA. For over half a century, there is a constant debate about the existence of
zoos. A major concern is to understand if zoos are helping or hurting animals. Many claim that zoos
should be made illegal.
Every major city has a zoo that has several species of animals. On one hand, it is advantageous for
humans as it not only becomes a medium of income but also entertainment where many families bring
their children to familiarise themselves with these creatures. While we gasp in awe, these animals are
caged in a limited area which is not enough for them. More than often zoos do not provide animals with
their natural environment facility which affects their health seriously. For example, species that are meant
to live in colder places are transported to zoos that are in hotter and dry areas which they cannot
acclimatize to easily. Furthermore, the pollution of city affects the longevity of these animals.
In my opinion, it is similar to the idea where humans are put in the jails without committing any crime and I
strongly believe that zoos should be banned completely. However, animals in sanctuaries where they are
close to their habitat and have enough space to move around should be encouraged. This will not only
give them freedom to live, but also help them to lead a happy and healthy life - which is their right.
2.

Nowadays TV has become an essential part of life. Medium to spread news & awareness and for some it
acts like a companion. What is your opinion about this?
Television, for decades have been an important part of our life. It is a great way to share news and
awareness about society, economic and political issues amongst many others. Nowadays, there are niche
TV channels for all age groups - educational channels makes information fun and easy to remember for
children, TV series such as Friends or Game of thrones is favourite pastime amongst youth and sports
and news channels for adults. Television is definitely a great medium of learning and entertainment but is
stealing away family time.

The educational and interactive channels are a great medium to learn for children but more than often
they prefer watching their favourite cartoon. In addition, children prefer watching TV over playing in the
park with their friends. This has not only affected their health but also has made them socially averse. Not
only children, but this has affected adults as well - most couples and families spend their evenings and
weekends watching television which in turn has increased insecurity in relationships.
Certainly, I am not against watching television, but it should be in consideration and time limit. Doing
anything too much does more harm than good and so is the case with watching TV. Furthermore, we
should monitor what we or children are watching as it has strong impacts on an individuals behaviour and
thinking patterns.
(225 words)
3.
Team sports are generally promoted as a great way to keep fit and build character. However, sporting
events such as soccer matches are often accompanied by violence between rival supporters and other
form of antisocial behavior. If sporting events antisocial behavior, can team sports be really good for us?

For mass and social media, sports events have held particular interest due to the debate it sparks. While
some people think that is an excellent way to be healthy and build character, many believe that sporting
events can lead to antisocial behavior towards rival team.
Such anti-social behaviour can be seen in the fans of many football clubs in Europe. The recognized
teams have a lot of pressure to win every game they play. However, it is important to understand that
winning and losing are two sides of a same coin and thus should be accepted gracefully. More than
often, supporters of a winning team mock the members and supporters of rival teams and forget that
being nasty will not help.
This behaviour is inculcated young when children start following these teams, if the behaviour is not
corrected at the right age by parents and peers, it can be dangerous. The advantages and skills learned
due to team sports outweigh the antisocial behavior at the sporting events, which does not happen all the
time. Moreover, the skills and talent of players must not be overlooked by such antisocial behaviour of
fans. Furthermore, the famous sportsperson who are role models for many must encourage fan to treat
everyone with respect, including their challengers.
(212 words)
4.

Do you think consumers should avoid over packaged products or is it the responsibility of producers?
Right packaging ensures that the products are used when required without any wastage. Packaging
industry is highly competitive industry that is bringing about packaging solutions for all types and
different sectors of industries.
For example, food industry has understood the success right packing can bring and has gone to the
extent to pack their food in trays and in boxes of different shapes and sizes to match that of food. It is not
only user friendly but many consumers claim that is delicious. Further, research suggests that aesthetic
appeal of packaged products makes consumer overlook the health risks packaged food can incur. Thus,
increases the overall value of the item and makes higher sales. However, they tend to overlook that they
spend more than they would otherwise just due to the way it is packed.
After climate change impacts, several manufacturers now claim that use recyclable and recycled products
for packaging. Yet, several items such as vegetables and fruits in supermarkets are packed in plastics
(which are not required) is a threat to environment. Thus, in my opinion, it is the producers must ensure
that over packaging is avoided whereas consumers must dispose these items in the right way or re-use if
possible to curb the environmental damage.

5.

Many people think that regions affect successful person. What is your opinion about native region and
accomplished persons influence on the region he belongs to.
There is an old adage where there is a will, there is a way. Success does not come easy it comes
after sheer hard work, dedication and perseverance. Moreover, a lot depends on an individuals will power
and knowledge. Thus, inner thoughts affect success more than the outer environment. Either from village
or a metropolitan city, nothing can stop an individual who wants to mark a name in the pages of history.
Once successful every individual goes back to its roots where he belonged to and where he came from.
Successful and accomplished individual proudly give a lot of credit of their success to their town, culture,
friends and family. This is because, that is the place where they have spent their childhood and formative
years. Knowledge and the strong values instilled in them by their parents and teachers have played a
major part in their success.
More than often, the people who are doing well play a major role in the reconstruction of their hometowns.
They want to provide for the facilities such as building schools, libraries and colleges - for younger
generation which were not available to them while they were growing up. Moreover, they share
technological advances via such mediums.
Developing such platform, where exposure meets the will power to succeed; where individuals has
opportunities to reach their full potential will indeed keep on producing successful people.
(230 words)

6.

The environment we are living in is in danger due to various problems...so who do u think should be
responsible to solve it? Is it the governments, organisation or each individual?

Adverse effects of global warming are seen in form of depletion of ozone layer and climate change has
led to increase in the rate of disasters. Uneven rainfall, cyclones, droughts, heat and cold waves have
affected the lives of people in several ways. We cannot blame or make one entity responsible to solve the
issues of environment. Working as a team we can achieve more. However, government can legislate and
enforce the environment friendly behaviour of individuals and organisations by law.
For example, gas and electricity which is usually provided by government must be produced using
renewable sources of energy such as solar and hydro power. Further stricter laws must be enforced to
reduce the emissions from industries and discarding toxic waste in a nature friendly manner. Government
must ensure that students in schools and universities understand the threat possessed by increasing
pollution and are encouraged to use recyclable products. Moreover, more funds must be spent in R&D to
reduce toxic waste. Furthermore, organisations and government together can introduce programs where
they plant trees. However, making laws is just one part of the coin execution is even more important.
Such vast scale initiatives cannot be completed by an entity in itself. In my opinion, I believe
governments, organisations and individuals are equally responsible to solve the problem.
(217 words)
7.

Tobacco, mainly in form of cigarettes, is one of the most-widely used drugs in the world. Over a billion
adults legally smoke tobacco every day. The long term health costs are high - for smokers themselves,
and for the wider community in terms of health care costs and lost productivity.
Do governments have a legitimate role to legislate, to protect citizens from the harmful effects of their own
decisions to smoke, or are such decisions up to the individual?
Despite of all the harmful effects of tobacco, it is legal in nearly all the countries. Over a billion people
across the world of different age groups smoke cigarettes. Both the active and passive smokers have
serious impacts on health, many suffer from cancer, asthma and other lung and heart related problems
but still it is not banned.
Often, people start smoking during their college due to peer pressure. However, soon they are addicted to
it. Many smokers have erratic responses about the harmful effects some say, that they live only once
and thus should enjoy life to the fullest; and others it is all written in destiny. Such behaviour force to think
that governments must intervene and ban tobacco. On the other hand, it was found that many people in
developing and under developed countries were not aware of the adverse effects of smoking when
realised they gave up smoking.
Governments over years have legislated and reduced the consumption of cigarette over the past years by
levying more tax on cigarettes and some countries increased the age for smoking to 21 years. All adults
are sensible and thus are responsible for the decisions they make. Instead of a forced ban, individuals
must act responsibly and understand that being healthy and living long will let them and their families lead
a happy life.
(223 words)

8.

Large shopping malls are replacing small shops. Your opinion good or bad?
Due to westernization and globalization, the concept of shopping malls is now widely accepted and
appreciated amongst people. Shopping malls are big shops where individuals can buy everything under
one roof from clothing to shoes; from home utilities to office accessories; and food, gaming zone and
cinema halls for entertainment.
All the major cities have these shopping malls. Families and individuals prefer malls over small shops as it
is a one stop destination for their needs. Further, exciting deals and offers on items make consumers too
difficult to resist. Not only does it give consumers many options to choose from it makes the shopping
experience a lot more fun than before.
However, it has had a strong impact on the small scale shop owners as everyone prefers going to malls
for shopping. For example, a small grocery shop at the corner of the street might not have all international
brands of sauces and chocolates to pick from. Thus, those shops are used for daily errands. People are
more aware about the brands and thus avoid buying brand-free items. Such mentality has made it difficult
for the new start ups to penetrate the market as they generally have low capital to advertise and develop
a brand image.

In conclusion, small shops have lost value and thus consumers of the past few years. However,
understanding the competitive markets and the needs of the localites they should have products to suit
their demands so that people choose their shops reliably.
(247 words)
9.

Pros and cons of extreme sports

Fifteen years into the new millennium and extreme sports such as sky diving, mountaineering expeditions,
river rafting and snorkeling amongst many others are gaining popularity. Many adventurers say that such
activities give them a high they want, while others indulge in the activity to look cool.
Jumping from a plane at a height 31,000 feet can sound very erratic but many people do it to get an
adrenaline rush the high. Life has become very predictable and thus boring. To break this monotony,
many individuals take up adventure sports; to do something completely different and unexpected.
Moreover, researchers also claim that repetitive or similar extreme sports do not give individuals the same
level adrenaline rush that they got at first. Thus, the next extreme sport adventurers pick is often even
more dangerous.
Undoubtedly such sports are very dangerous and life threatening. There have been incidences in past
when individuals have suffered serious injuries and some have even lost lives. Thus, governments have
made very stringent laws to ensure everyones safety.
Being an extreme sport enthusiast myself, in my opinion, individuals must take up these adventurous
sports after ensuring that the organization or the tutor that they have tied up with ensures their safety and
takes all possible measures for the same.
(211 words)

10. Companys top level authorities should get their employees in decision making process. Discuss
For donkeys years, there is a constant debate that employees must be involved in decision making
process.
Often new start-ups and small scale companies take opinions of their employees before making important
decision. This bonds the team like a family and there has been a steady growth of the company. Further,
they are aware of the current situation which makes them act responsibly. Moreover, opinions from
employees bring fresh perspective to the top level management team and sometimes problems that look
very tricky can be solved very easily.
However, it is not always recommended for every decision made. Certain sensitive information must not
be disclosed, for example, how to address the loss incurred by an organisation? Such topics can make
the junior employees panic and spread rumours about company in the market; and these situations must
be carefully addressed.
Democratic management has been successful. Though including all employees in the decision making
process will be difficult and tedious, but the results are positive. In the recent years, many companies and
organisations are adopting this technique and reaping benefits. It makes employees feel strongly about
the company and accountable for the decision made which in turn ensure their productivity and
efficiency.
(201 words)
11. With growing internationalization, will English lose its dominance?
Due to advances in technology and globalization, the world has become connected and reachable.
English is most widely spoken language across the world. However, there are predictions that like Latin,
English will lose its global dominance.
For decades, English is used widely for all the economic, technological and political dealings between the
countries. Travelers travelling across the world rely on English. Moreover, increasing number of schools
has English as a compulsory subject in addition to their native language. Thus increase in the number of
non native English speakers throughout the world. In developing countries such as India and Sri Lanka
amongst many others give English language is given more importance. Those who cannot speak fluent
English are often looked down upon.
On the other hand, countries like Japan and China (who is also the worlds greatest population) are
creating a strong mark in the global economic market. All of these countries give utmost importance to

their cultures and thus still have not accepted English as a first language. Therefore, those who countries
who want to be economically connected to these countries must either have interpreters or learn their
language. Many native English speakers are now learning Hindi and Chinese as an optional language.
In my opinion, I feel English has been accepted as a language of international communication will never
lose its supremacy but will evolve where new words from other languages are borrowed and accepted
making it a global language.
(241 words)
12. Ineducation system, is assessment through formal written examination still valid?
Whether assessment of an individual via written exam is not enough to test all skills of an individual is an
ongoing debate for decades for academicians and educationist.
Relying on what is written in exam cannot prove that the candidate understands everything that is taught.
Further, candidates with English as not their first language often struggle with these exams. Moreover,
students in India are often taught to memorize answers without understanding. Such practice can gain
students high marks but very less understanding. Thus, only a written assignment is not enough to
assess the knowledge. Nevertheless, written exams are essential. It is a good indicator to judge if the
candidate has read thoroughly and understood. Further, usage of examples from real life situations or
remembering it from somewhere read indicates his analyses and application.
Fifteen years in the millennium and the employers expectation from prospective employees has risen
drastically. They prefer candidates who can multi-task and can work in a team. Thus schools and
universities are now adapting other methods of assessment such as group coursework, presentation and
experiments amongst others. Such activities will hone their skills in team work but improve their
communication skills and help in increasing confidence. Further, having to submit these assignments at
different times will teach them time management and aligning their priorities.
In conclusion, I believe written examinations are only valid when clubbed with other methods of
assessments.
(244 words)
13. Nowadays, people spend too much time at work to the extent that they hardly have time for their
personal life. Discuss
Different people get success in different fields. Some people work long hours to get success, but others
feel that spend free time for joy than Wealth. Which style closely relates you and explain your views?
There is a price to pay for everything is an old adage. Globalization, increasing competition and
advances in technology has lured people to materialistic luxuries. Everyone wants big homes to live in,
branded clothes and shoes to wear; and high end luxury cars to drive. For which the price to pay is work
harder and longer hours.
To achieve aforementioned luxuries, people have started working very hard. At work, employees are
given very difficult targets with tight deadlines which tie them to their workplace. Such models are often
incentive based. Many companies are now paying employees on performance based only. Such people
are always worried about work and often go home very late or take their office work to their homes. On
the other hand, businessmen lead a stressful life too increasing inflation and competition makes it
difficult for them to attract consumers.
This behaviour not only affects their personal lives drastically but is detrimental to their health. They do
not spend time with their families and often the children do not get to spend time with their fathers except
Sunday. On Sunday too, they want to rest and charge themselves for the busy and stressful week ahead.
Such stories are very common in India where there is cut-throat competition in every field. Such working
hours make them unhappy and insecure in life.
To conclude, anything done too much is not good. Thus, both employees and employers should have a
work life balance to increase efficiency in work and happiness in life.
(252 words)
14. Talk about pros and cons of this era as it is full of daily inventions.
The industrial revolution has spread all over the globe. For over a century now, there has been an
increase in the number of new things invented and used. This has affected the world in both good and
bad ways.

Necessity is the mother of invention is a very old adage. Whether it is airplanes to travel distant places or
taking a holiday to moon or sending message with a click of a button anything is possible. Machines are
invented to perform various tasks that make our lives easier, some inventions make it better and let us
live healthier. Life threatening diseases have now found cures due to advancements in technology and
the longevity of humans have increased.
Despite all the benefits of inventions, it has made people overly dependent. For instance, people cannot
stay without their mobile phones for even a day. There has been a change in behaviour when they do not
have their phones with them some say they feel incomplete without them. Such dependence often
leads to new types of psychological diseases. Further, there has been a steep rise in the technological
waste that is having detrimental effects on environment. If this is not curbed or treated carefully, future
generations will have to suffer.
In conclusion, there are many inventions that were luxuries when invented but now have become a
necessity. With changing climatic conditions and needs of 21 st century, it is impossible to lead life without
certain inventions.
(242 words)
15. Imitating celebrities in sports and movies good or bad?
All of us want to live life king size. A life led by celebrity is aspired by all of us at some point in our lives.
Many of us start imitating celebrities thinking that acting like them will make us one. However, we forget
that they became celebrities after a very long journey of hard work, dedication, failures and perseverance.
For many of us, celebrities are role models. Learning from their experiences and life will help us achieve
our goals. All successful people are passionate about something; copying this can do wonders.
Celebrities inspire students at school to be a human being and make them realise that if they can do it
so can we. Such inspiration is necessary when growing up.
However, many people overlook the difference between the good and the bad; and the impacts such
actions will have on their lives. Several fans start following every action of their favourite screen idol
blindly. Some start smoking while others sport a certain hair style or dance move to impersonate their
favourite star. This makes them look cool amongst peers. But sometimes certain actions may be
derogatory.
In conclusion, in countries like India where celebrities are given a position of God; have a lot of
responsibility on their shoulders.They must ensure that their actions do not spread wrong message.
(221words)
16. Any recent invention that you think proved beneficial or detrimental to society
It is an era of inventions. Technological advances have made our life easier. From taking a holiday to
moon to sending messages with a click everything is possible. One such astonishing invention is Smart
phones.
Smart phones are mobile phones that are not only used for calls and texts messages but many other
features. They are like mini computers with internet that allows users to download various applications
that can help them at work, home and to stay connected with their friends and families. There are endless
applications for entertainment such as games and music; utilities such as compass and flashlight; and
productivity such as health and fitness apps to track the number of miles you have run or the amount of
calories consumed. It is altogether a new world.
Consequently, smart phones have made people socially averse. Many people shy away from
communicating to people when they meet or over the telephone as they find it easy to talk via texts or
online messages or tweets. During social events, many are gluedto their phones to stay updated, missing
all the fun they can have when they are with people.
Too much of anything is bad. Undoubtedly smart phone have changed the lives of people in a good way
but have increased several psychological diseases.
(216 words)
17. Learning a new language at an early age is helpful for children. Is it more positive for their future aspect
or have some adverse effects. Agree or disagree?

In todays connected world learning a second language opens up a window to opportunities for children.
Many researchers have proved that children below seven years of age are inclined to learn a new
language easily. Lessons of new languages are introduced them without even realising they are learning
children following the adventures of the hero in the story book they are reading. At this age, they can
easily imitate the accents and adopt the pronunciations of native speakers. Further, it also sharpens their
analytical and critical thinking skills which will help them in future.
However, it must be ensured that the language is taught in right accents. More than often, children learn
the new language in the accent of their native language. For example, Japanese often speak English with
a thick Japanese accent. It becomes difficult for the global users of that language to understand them
when adults.
In culturally diverse countries like India, it is a common practice for children to learn three or four
languages. Understanding the advantages, many schools in developed countries are teaching a second
language at school from three years of age. This has put an academic pressure on the children and more
work for parents but all the efforts are worthwhile.
(207 words)
18. Communication has changed significantly in the last 10 years. Discuss pros and cons impacts.
15 years into the new millennium and the world is connected like never before. Better connectivity and
increased communication is due to technological advances. This had a great impact on the lives of
people, especially on the world of business.
Increasingly, companies are adopting new methods of communication such as video conference. It works
over the internet where clients or executives from all over the world can video chat with each other on
computer or smart phones. This is cost effective, saves time spent on travel and speeds up the
processes. It is proved productive, as meetings are short and effective with rich collaboration from
employees and decisions are made faster.
Consequently, this connectivity increased work pressure on employees as they are expected to be a part
of the video conferencing as they are reachable. As this mode of communication is mainly used for
foreign clients and executives, some employees have to function in odd hours to match that of clients
time zone. In developing countries like India, employees of small and medium sized companies who deal
with foreign clients have to connect with them after working hours. This has not only affected their family
lives but has led to health related problems.
In summary, the methods of communications have changed for good, but sometimes employees are
exploited.
(218 words)
19. In under developed countries, tourism has disadvantages and can be said the opposite as well.

Low air fares have increased international holidays. Every year, people all over the world take summer or
Christmas holidays to different countries. Often, people choose destinations with lower currency value
than theirs. This way tourist has more money to spend during holidays.
Tourism has become a major industry for developing countries. Governments of many developing
countries are encouraging tourism as it provides business to all sectors such as entertainment, shopping,
food and local transport and travel. It has become a lucrative mode of income for people. Countries like
Thailand, Nepal and Sri Lanka amongst many others have benefited the citizens and have drastically
improved their standard of living and education.
Despite the advantages of a thriving tourism industry, we cannot overlook the damage it can
do. Developing and under developed countries tend to lose their traditional culture and values. They tend
to adopt lifestyles, languages and food to match that of travellers. For example, in India, people are very
influenced by the western culture and often look down upon Indian folk dance, handicraft work and
languages. This can cause stress in the traditional culture and lead to animosity towards tourists.
To sum up, tourism can change the lives of people. However, governments of the developing and under
developed countries must conserve their cultural heritage which is the main attraction for people to
travel.
(222 words)
20. We should spend money on space research and travel or should resolve earth problems.
Economists and environmentalist often claim money should be spent on resolving problems of earth
rather than space research. If we had such attitude, there would have been no America and the lives of
people would not have been so easy.
Space research is a very interesting subject. Scientists for decades are trying to find traces of life on other
planets. Others are interested to know about the formation and number of stars, planets and galaxies.
Many governments, companies are investing heavily to find more about space.
Undoubtedly, this inquisitive nature of human has undoubtedly led to many discoveries and inventions
which improved our lives. However it has also increased pollution and has adversely affected
environment on Planet Earth. Depleting ozone layer of the atmosphere and climate change has increased
the number of disasters have affected millions. If this is not controlled, the future generations will have to
pay a heavy price.

On one hand we have Earth is ever changing from Ice age to Stone Age to today. On the other, curious
researchers are spending exorbitant amount on space research. In my opinion, it will be interesting if
researchers can find a way to solve the problems of earth from space technology.
(202 words)

21. Reason of decline in Library day by day.

We live in an information age. Technology changed the lives of people in more than many ways. One
such change was the way people read books. In my opinion, there are two major reasons for the shift in
paradigm.
Firstly, there has been a change in preference in the mode of reading books, electronic books (e-books)
are gaining popularity. E-books can be downloaded on smart phones, tablets and reading devices such
as Kindle and Kobo. These small, sleek and user friendly devices can store millions of e-books on all
sorts of topics. A lot of people read while travelling on trains and buses devices are very convenient as
readers no longer need to carry heavy books.
Secondly, Google was introduced with the advent of internet. The search engine answers all questions
and queries. People find it easy to use and it is spontaneous. On the other hand, finding right books in
libraries on time can be difficult and reading through pages to find answer can be time consuming. This is
one my major reason for the library shutdown in many cities.
In my opinion, unfortunately libraries will keep losing importance. Advances in technology will keep
changing our lives and new devices that make our lives easy will lure us.
(217 words)
22. The only thing that interferes with my learning is my education- Einstein. What does he mean by that?
And do you think he is correct?
The only thing that interferes with my learning is my education said Einstein. Like operating system sets
up the way the computer will function, education sets up our brain. Most of our actions and thoughts are a
result of our education system. Unfortunately, this hinders creativity and creates barriers between right
and wrong.
Einstien was a school drop-out as he was not able to learn what was taught at school. Everyone called
him a failure and stupid before he made his inventions. This is the same way we treat our children when
they do not perform well at school. We often fail to understand their condition and scold them. But we
must understand some children are god gifted and have in born knowledge and talent. Sometimes they
bring a fresh perspective or a new mind-set to subjects which can be different from the regular regime.
Instead of shutting them down, we must give them free space where they can express themselves and
their energy.

Instead of producing robots at schools, the education system must be made flexible so enough
importance is given to creativity and thought. The madness and passion that Einstein had to invent
something new is important. Children with these traits must be encouraged.
(206words)
23. Advantages and disadvantages of studying abroad
Overseas education is gaining popularity in many countries including India. Every year thousands of
Indian students go to western countries to study. While some feel that education is better than the local
colleges or universities in India, others feel that it is very difficult to get an admission in reputed Indian
colleges due to competition.
Studying in a foreign land brings a number of advantages. The most obvious is that it broadens our mind.
Experiencing new culture, speaking languages in different accent, celebrating new festivals, meeting
people with different backgrounds, adapting to their cuisines and seeing a complete different way of life is
an enhancing experience that builds confidence and flexible.
However, studying in a different country is quite expensive. The university fees and the costs of living are
generally high. It imposes financial burden on student's families. Many students have to borrow large
education loans in order to pay tuition fees. Another disadvantage is that students have to live away from
their family and friends.
Like every side has two coins, studding overseas has its own gains and disadvantages. It is a rich
experience that opens a window full of opportunities if students overcome or find ways to adjust to
challenges.
(202words)
24. "Value added by travel in Education. Is travel a necessary component of education or not? Will scholar
sitting at home have more knowledge than one who travels? "
Many schools and universities have included trips as a part of their curriculum. Some academicians and
parents argue that this leads to increase in the costs of education, but the rich experiences and
knowledge gained on these journeys are assets for travellers.
Travel is an important part of education. The most obvious advantage is that it broadens the mind.
Experiencing a new culture, meeting people from different walks of life and trying their cuisines are rich
experiences. Travellers face unexpected situations which brings them out of their comfort zone that is
where they learn the most. This cannot be learnt within the four walls of the rooms.
On the other hand, many argue that reading books can give you all knowledge. Book readers can travel
all the countries with the characters of the story. Agreeable, but that is a world with the authors
perspective. Besides, practical learning is always more beneficial than theoretical knowledge. Given an

opportunity, all the readers would want to go themselves and see the places described in the books and
movies.
In conclusion, travelling gives practical knowledge. Such learning cannot be forgotten it sinks deep in
the minds of travellers. This increases confidence and flexibility in adapting ourselves to situations.
(204 words)
25. Information revolution has changed the way of mass communications and had some negative and
positive effects on individual lives as well as on society. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
We live in the information age. Advances in technology have changed impacts of mass communication.
The mediums used for mass communication have increased from radios to television to print and online
media. Online media is gaining popularity and unlike other methods, it provides a platform to share and
exchange ideas and opinions.
With the advent of social networking sites such as Facebook and Twitter, the speed with which the news
travels has increased dramatically. Everyone online is aware about the happenings in the world. It
provides a platform to share ideas, exchange thoughts and opinions about various issues. Discussing an
issue with various perspectives can lead to better decisions made for the society.
With great power comes great responsibility. The power is in the hand of the creator of information. Some
information is blown out of proportion to make sensational headlines while others are biased and
misleading. The power is strong enough to transform the ideas, beliefs and mindsets of people. This is a
threat to society on the long run.
In conclusion, mass communication has led to the shifts in the lives of individuals. People are more
aware, but the question is do we really need all that information?
(200 words)
26. The illiterate of the 21st century will not be those who cannot read and write, but those who cannot learn,
unlearn, and relearn. Agree or Disagree?
We live in a fast paced world of changing technology. A new phone becomes obsolete within 6 months
and people will adapt new technology. This time frame will continue to decrease. Everyone will have to
follow a learning cycle where they can learn, unlearn and relearn.
Back in the days, people who were unable to read and write were called illiterate. With everyone being
educated, this definition is changing in the developed countries and percolating amongst literate. There is
a paradigm shift in the requirements of the employers. Employers expect employees to transform and
adapt themselves techniques easily. Some methods will be out-of-date thus people have to unlearn them
and learn to new and better methods. They have keep relearning it till a change is needed.
Take my example for instance, the subject accounting is often updated with new and better techniques of
accounting. While studying accounting at university, we had to unlearn the methods to prepare a Balance
Sheet and Profit and Loss Sheet taught in Year 1 as new techniques were introduced. In Year 3, we had
to learn new techniques. If we did not unlearn the old technique we would have failed our exams.
To sum up, people who cannot follow this cycle of learning will be considered illiterate and
slow. Increasingly, more people are attending universities at the later stage of their life. In this way they
keep updated, employable and develop skills of learning cycle which will be eventually required in all
aspects of life.
(250 words)

27. Our planet is suffering from multitude problem, which one is the biggest problem and things to do to
resolve it.
On one hand, technological and industrial advances have made human life easy. However this has
increased the carbon emissions, toxic waste pollution and climate change. This has led to increase in the
frequency and intensity of disasters all over the world. Millions of people from various countries have
suffered. Unfortunately, the developing and the under developed countries have to suffer more.
In the race of becoming a developed country, developing countries such as India have unplanned
development. They are replacing lush green forests with concrete jungles. However, they can replant the
trees in other places instead of cutting them. Further, this has led many rivers to flood villages and cities
during monsoon. Such activities have disturbed the lives of the people and have caused adverse effects
on ecology and ecosystem. There are various stories about wild animals attacking villages for food in
such countries.
The only way to balance the ecology is to plant more trees. The greener the countries will be the better
will be the quality of life. There is an increase in the understanding and awareness as now people
celebrate world environment day. On such events many students at schools and universities to plants
trees and encourage them to perform same activity with their families.
To sum up, the climate change is a major issue. If this is not solved then our future generations will have
to pay for it.

(233 words)
Reading section:
For fill in the blanks,the most important thing is the vocabulary and understanding the tense of the
passage.
For attempting the blanks one should know the meaning of following words as they do appear in options
to be filled up.
1) lure -attract
2) leverage -influence
3) vaucity -scarcity
4) vitality - energy
5) cynical -always doubting
6) envision looking out for future
7) Naive - without experience
8) partisan - interested
9) fierce -angry
10) subtle -nice
11) vanquish - to conquer
12) novice -fresher
13) Arduous - difficult
14) Environ - to surround
15) Hinge - turning point.

What are the advantages and disadvantages of studying the plays and
theatrical arts which were written centuries ago?
All literary genres contain the very essence of their times. These art forms act like
mirrors showing the true images of specific civilisations. The study of century old

dramas and plays by pupils in their student career is beneficial for understanding
human development but its downsides also cannot be ignored. This essay discusses
both sides in detail.
To begin with, the prime benefit of studying drama and other literary genres makes
students aware about the traditions, customs, rituals and lifestyle of people of
bygone centuries. This awareness about various communities assists pupils in
understanding human behaviours. For instance, famous playwright Shakespeares
works have immortalised his time. He is not known as a dramatist of 16 th century
but of every century. Besides this, young people become aware about the follies
done by people of specific cultures and learn lessons to avoid those in present era.
Thus literature teaches youngsters to tread on right path and avoid wrong customs.
On the flip side, studying theatres during student career is considered sheer
wastage of time and energy. In the world of cut throat competition, youngsters are
required to pay attention towards modern sciences these days which eventually
help them in excelling in academic and professional fields. Furthermore, the comic,
tragic and romantic plays of old days distract young minds. They start taking
imaginary flights on the wings of fantasy. This escapism affects their mental growth
and they become sceptical in human dealings.
To conclude, it is drawn that studying literature in school and college days is
beneficial for personal growth, simultaneously, the bad impact of these literary
pieces cannot be ignored. A balanced pedagogical approach is needed to adopt to
take the benefits of classical writings.

List with phrases to describe charts

The pie chart is about ...

The bar chart deals with ...

The line graph (clearly) shows ...

The slices of the pie chart compare the ...

The chart is divided into ... parts.

It highlights ...

... has the largest (number of) ...

... has the second largest (number of) ...

... is as big as ...

... is twice as big as ...

... is bigger than ...

more than ... per cent ...

only one third ...

less than half ...

The number ... increases/goes up/grows by ...

The number ... decreases/goes down/sinks by ...

The number ... does not change/remains stable

I was really surprised/shocked by the .

SOME OF USEFUL VOCAB Movement (Verbs): Up

Rose
Went up
Increased
Grew
Shot up
Surged
Rocketed

Movement (Verbs): Down

Fell
Declined
Dropped
Decreased
Sank
Went down
Plunged
Sluggish

Prepositions

Between 1995 and 2000

From 1995 to 2000
Sales rose from 200 to 250
Sales fell to 150 in March
Sales fell by 50%

Adverbs and intensifiers

slightly
a little
a lot
sharply
suddenly
steeply
gradually
gently
steadily

No Movement: (Verbs with Adjectives, Verbs)

remained steady
were unchanged
did not change
remained constant
remained stable
stabilized

Tops and Bottoms

reached a peak
peaked
reached their highest level
fell to a low
sank to a trough
reached a bottom

PROS AND CONS OF DEMOCRACY

There is no denying fact that democracy plays an indispensable part in most of the country.
Some people believed that it is important for nation but rest of people go against it. I discuss both
the views. However, I have some logical and rational reasons for this. Let discuss both the views
in following paragraphs.
To begin with, there are myriad merits of democracy. First and foremost, it is for the people, by
the people. It is based on principles of equality. Every people have equal rights to vote, there is no
discrimination among the people. Not only this, democracy helps the people make them better
citizens as well as responsible. In spite of this, democracy is based on the public opinion in which
people can vote and choose the better leader for their country.
On the flip side, there are also some banes of democracy. Moreover, some leaders are corrupted.
They buy some votes to win as well as they do not do anything for the people after winning the

election. Furthermore, people have no time to listen their speech than they choose wrong
candidate for their nation.
Hammering the last nail, democracy is good for everyone to choose their leader. It has some own
significance as well as importance but when people choose wrong leader for their country or a
state that will spoils the country's future.

SOME OF IMPORTANT RIGHTS IN DEMOCRACY:-

1. Right to equality: Which includes equality before law, prohibition of discrimination on grounds of
religion, race, caste, gender or place of birth, and equality of opportunity in matters of employment,
abolition of un-touchability and abolition of titles.
2. Right to freedom: Which includes freedom of speech and expression, assembly, association or
union or cooperatives, movement, residence, and right to practice any profession or occupation
(some of these rights are subject to security of the State, friendly relations with foreign countries,
public order, decency or morality), right to life and liberty, protection in respect to conviction in
offences and protection against arrest and detention in certain cases.
3. Right against exploitation: Which prohibits all forms of forced labour, child labour and traffic of
human beings
4. Right to freedom of religion: Which includes freedom of conscience and free profession, practice,
and propagation of religion, freedom to manage religious affairs, freedom from certain taxes and
freedom from religious instructions in certain educational institutes.
5. Cultural and Educational rights: Preserve the right of any section of citizens to conserve their
culture, language or script, and right of minorities to establish and administer educational institutions
of their choice.
6. Right to constitutional remedies: Which is present for enforcement of Fundamental Rights.

7. Right to education: It is the latest addition to the fundamental rights

You are given climate as the field of study.

Which area will you prefer? Explain why
you picked up the particular area for your
study?
All over the world today, it can be observed that the issue of climate
change has grown in importance over the past few decades. Therefore,
if I were given climate as my field of study, I would like to study the
underlying causes of this devastating global phenomenon and possible
solutions to tackle this.
To begin with, a variety of reasons can be offered to explain why I
would choose this particular area of study. Foremost among these is
the fact that we have been experiencing the hottest 15 years on record
in the last two decades. Linked to this is the fact that millions are at
risk of drought, chronic water shortages, bush-fire, coastal flooding and
hazardous air pollution. As the above-mentioned points make it clear, it
can hardly be denied that the issues of climate change must be
addressed with a sense of urgency.
But what really is the proper role for individuals and institutions in
addressing climate change? An immediate and natural response may
be that everyone should do their part. As individuals, we can help by
taking action to reduce our personal carbon emissions. But to fully
address the threat of global warming, we must demand action from our
elected leaders to support and implement a comprehensive set of
climate solutions such as transforming our energy system to a cleaner
one, placing limits on the amount of carbon that polluters are allowed
to emit, reducing tropical deforestation and its associated global
warming emissions.

In conclusion, It is my considered opinion that if we were to put in

place some of the solutions mentioned, we would at least be on our
way to solving this problem. Therefore, I would like to play my part to
contribute to the solution of climate change.

What are the advantages and disadvantages of

studying the plays and theatrical arts which
were written centuries ago?
All literary genres contain the very essence of their times. These art
forms act like mirrors showing the true images of specific civilizations.
The study of century old dramas and plays by pupils in their student
career is beneficial for understanding human development but its
downsides also cannot be ignored. This essay discusses both sides in
detail.
To begin with, the prime benefit of studying drama and other literary
genres makes students aware about the traditions, customs, rituals
and lifestyle of people of bygone centuries. This awareness about
various communities assists pupils in understanding human behaviors.
For instance, famous playwright Shakespeares works
have immortalized his time. He is not known as a dramatist of
16th century but of every century. Besides this, young people become
aware about the follies done by people of specific cultures and learn
lessons to avoid those in present era. Thus literature teaches
youngsters to tread on right path and avoid wrong customs.

On the flip side, studying theaters during student career is considered

sheer wastage of time and energy. In the world of cut throat
competition, youngsters are required to pay attention towards modern
sciences these days which eventually help them in excelling in
academic and professional fields. Furthermore, the comic, tragic and
romantic plays of old days distract young minds. They start taking
imaginary flights on the wings of fantasy. This escapism affects their
mental growth and they become skeptical in human dealings.

To conclude, it is drawn that studying literature in school and college

days is beneficial for personal growth, simultaneously, the bad impact

of these literary pieces cannot be ignored. A balanced pedagogical

approach is needed to adopt to take the benefits of classical writings.
Graphs Tips n Tricks
Sometimes you get too much or too less information in explaining the graphs which may
include Line Graphs, Bar Graphs, Pie Charts, Process or Diagram to name a few. So what is
the best strategy
to tackle this problem.
You have to make a right strategy within 25 seconds so that you can easily explain the
graph in 40 seconds.
Here are some of the tips that works
1) Identify the inputs given in the graph. Check the inputs/ variables given in the X axis
and Y axis.
For example - You are sometimes given population, sales etc in the Y axis and years
range in the X axis.
2) Check what the overall graph is about. It may be related to population density of
different countries, sales in different companies etc. So you may start by saying - This line
or bar graph illustrates / gives information about ..................................
3) Sometimes there are too many lines in a single graph. Firstly check the highest point
then the lowest point, check the similar patterns, trends ( increasing or decreasing or
fluctuating etc). For instance you can start by saying that the highest population among
all the countries was recorded by USA which was around 50 millions in the year 2002 and
the country with lowest population was France with a population of approximately .......
The two countries namely India and China has witnessed an almost similar trends in their
population over the past 10 years. However, the population of India showed a
dramatic increase after 2010 ..................................
4) You can use some connectors also to improve your speaking. You can use - However,
It is interesting to see .............. , Although, Similarly, Overall, On the contrary.
5) Some terminologies that can be used for expressing the trends - Dramatic increase,

Significant increase, Exponential increase, decreasing/ increasing trend, fluctuating trend,

declined considerably, huge increase, rapid fall, etc.
6) You can also use - population of X was almost 3 times then Y country. The sales of
company X was
almost 1/3rd then the sales of company Y.

3. Re-tell Lecture
Points to Initialize lecture:

1. The speaker highlights

2. The professor throws light on
3. The lecturer focuses on
4. The lecture is about
5. The lecturer describe the information about
6. The lecture illustrate the information about

then when re-tell lecture starts, recording will play for around 1-2 minutes, listen patiently
and see the image/graph/table/pie chart (if any), during this time try to note as many
keywords spoken in the recording as possible, u will have around 10-12 seconds to prepare
yourself with what to speak.
When time starts for recording answer, start with any 1 of 3 lines u have written on your
erasable notepad, mention the keywords u have noted down and try to fill in text by yourself
to present a story. keep necessary pauses between sentences, but not more then 3
seconds.
Use the three different lines for the different lectures, generally people do not get more then
3 re-tell lectures.