Rotor Dynamics in LS-DYNA

Liping Li and Roger Grimes

6/11/2016

Outline
Introduction of Rotor Dynamics
Implementation in LS-DYNA
Capabilities for Rotor Dynamics Analysis
Transient analysis
Modal analysis
Other Applications: brake squeal analysis
Summary

Introduction
Rotor dynamics: the study of vibration of rotating parts (turbine
blades, propellers in aircraft and rotating disks in hard disk drives
etc.).

Introduction
The deformation of rotating components will cause damage in high
rotating speed machines.
The resonant vibration can lead to premature fatigue failure in
those rotating components, as well as bearings and support
structures.

LSTC added Implicit Rotor Dynamics since R8.0

Adds terms due to rotations
Gyroscopic
Spin Softening

Implementation in LS-DYNA
*CONTROL_IMPLICIT_ROTATIONAL_DYNAMICS
Card

Variable

sid

Type

Variable
Type
sid:
stype:
omega:

omega

vid

nomega

iref

omegadr

omeg1

omeg2

omeg3

omeg4

omeg5

omeg6

omeg7

omeg8

stype

Set ID of the rotational structure.

Set type, EQ. 0: part; EQ. 1: part set.
Rotating speed.
LT. 0: curve ID = (-OMEGA) gives rotating speed as a function of time.
vid:
Vector ID to define the rotating axis.
It is defined in *DEFINE_VECTOR.
nomega: No. of rotating speeds for Campbell diagram plotting
iref:
Reference frame. 0: rotating coordinate system;
1: fixed coordinate system.;
2: rotating coordinate system, but rotate rotating parts for
visualization purpose.
omegadr: define rotating speed in dynamic relaxation.
omegi: The ith rotating speed.
You can define as many cards as the no. of rotating sets.

Coordinate System Choice

is the rotating speed.

z axis is the rotating axis in this case.
u is elastic displacement of the point p
on the rotating part.

Symmetric Rotor

Unsymmetric Roror

Symmetric Support

Fixed/Rotating

Rotating

Unsymmetric Support

Fixed

N.A.

Outline
Background of Rotor Dynamics
Implementation in LS-DYNA
Capabilities for Rotor Dynamics Analysis
1. Transient analysis
2. Modal analysis
3. Other Applications: brake squeal analysis
Summary

1 Transient study: FBO Study Model

Explicit

Implicit

Bearing locations

Multi-step study:

Impact ( Fan Blade Out) 100 ms

full model, dynamic relaxation and explicit

Rundown 2.2 s
simplified model, implicit with rotational dynamics

1.1 Explicit- Displacement

1.2 Rundown (implicit)

The implicit is done in rotating reference frame

Consider the contact between the rest blades and containment
Consider the contact force from explicit

1.2 Implicit-Run Down

If modified the bearings:

One of the bearings might fail, then the shaft will have large deformation
because of the unbalance centrifugal force

Following will show two kinds of bearing constraint results:

1. joint
2. element_beam with with discrete beam type (spring)

a. with bearing failure - joint

b. with bearing failure - spring

Outline
Background of Rotor Dynamics
Implementation in LS-DYNA
Capabilities for Rotor Dynamics Analysis
1. Transient analysis
2. Modal analysis
3. Other Applications: brake squeal analysis
Summary

2. Campbell Diagram
Campbell Diagram: represents a system's eigen-frequencies as a
function of rotating speeds.
Need to track modes as they changes when rotating speed
changes.

3. Brake Squeal Analysis

What is called Brake Squeal
Squeal noise emanating from car brakes
Due to friction-induced vibration or self-excited vibration
caused by the rotating disk.
Frequency over 1 kHz
Why Brake Squeal Analysis
To predict the existence of unstable modes
Modify and optimize the structures, material compositions
and operating conditions to remove the unstable modes
and thus eliminate brake squeal.
How to do Brake Squeal Analysis
Complex eigenvalue analysis
Transient analysis

&
[ M ]{u&
} [C ]{u&} [ K K f ]{u} {P}

Brake Model and Multi-step Method

disk

Pads (top and bottom)

Time:
0:
no pressure, no rotation
0.01:
pressure, no rotation
0.02:
pressure,
rotation
0.05:
steady state

Unstable mode
Damping Ratio is defined as -2*Re() / |Im()|, where is the eigenvalue.
When negative mode is unstable.
DYNA Result

Other FE Software Result

19

Summary

A *CONTROL_IMPLICIT_ROTATIONAL_DYNAMICS card is added to LSDYNA to do Rotor Dynamics analysis.

Four types of elements: beam, shell, thick shell and solid, are available for the
rotational dynamics study: transient analysis and mode analysis.

The complex eigensolver has been developed.

The brake squeal problem can be analyzed in LS-DYNA now.

Development is ongoing.
Please contact Liping Li (liping@lstc.com)
with feedback and requests for additional features.

Thank you!
Questions?