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INTRODUCTION
1.1 Problem Definition
The PLACEMENT INFORMATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEM project is
developing an online application for the Placement Dept. of the college. This project
is mainly used by three users. They are Placement Officer, HOD, and Students
This system is mainly useful for the Training and Placement Officer (TPO) of
the college to manage the student information with regards to placement cell.
Students logging should be able to update their information in the form of a
Curriculum Vitae (CV). Placement Officer after logging in can access/search any
information put up by Students. Placement Officer send notification to all the
students who are eligible and the company profile is also made available to the
students. The company visits the campus on the mutually agreed date and conducts
Aptitude/Group Discussion/Seminar/Technical test/Personal Interview as a part of
their preferred selection procedure.
The company is expected to furnish the final list of selected students on the
same day after the completion of the campus selection procedure. After that TPO
update the recruited and rejected students which can be visible to the students. Once
a student is selected in one company he/she will not be allowed to appear for other
companies interviews as per Recruitment Policy of the college.
So, the existing system is carries more time to do piece of work for this
reason the online system placement information system is implemented.
The proposed system is automated that is faster than the existing manually
maintained system and can handle data easily.
The system allow administrator to control all the activities hence identifying
the roles and accessibility of other users.
2 . L I T E R ATU R E S U RVE Y
The main intention of the proposed and designed system is to automate the
communication and to channelize or computerized the training and placement. Here,
the students logging should be able to upload their information in the form of a CV.
The students who are not logging i.e., new students also has change to register and
upload their information. The students who are logging should view the training and
schedules and notification details provided by the placement officer. They also make
updating in the existing personal and academic details. They have the maximum
rights they are also restricted to some extent by the administrator. A procedure that
identifies, describes and evaluates the proposed system selects the best system for the
job is called feasibility study
2.1 Modules
2.1.1 Admin module:
This module is the heart of whole system. Admin view the students details,
add training to the students and add notifications which are visible to the students.
Admin has full access to all the modules of this system. Responsible for creating,
modifying and deleting placement information system, admin can view the
placement information systems list and also generate the reports.
2.1.2 Reports module:
This module can display the list of students who are selected for a company
and also who are rejected for a particular company. All reports can be previewed,
printed, exported to excel etc.
2.1.3 Student module:
This module has restricted access, i.e., normal users have access to some of
the modules only i.e., the student can view the placements, and can post a query to
the admin regarding any placement or training, search for different trainings, and can
send mails to the admin regarding any issue related to the training and placements.
3 . S Y S T E M R E Q U I R E M E N T AN A LYS I S
3.1 Study of the system
System analysis is the interdisciplinary part of science, dealing with analysis
of sets of interacting or entities, the systems, often prior to their automation as
computer system, and the interactions within those systems. This field is closely
related to operations research. It is also an explicit formal inquiry carried out to help
someone, referred to as the decision maker, identify a better course of action and
make a better decision than he might otherwise have made.
The main intention of the proposed and designed system is to automate the
communication and to channelize or computerized the training and placement. Here,
the students logging should be able to upload their information in the form of a CV.
The students who are not logging i.e., new students also has change to register and
upload their information. The students who are logging should view the training and
schedules and notification details provided by the placement officer. They also make
updating in the existing personal and academic details. They have the maximum
rights they are also restricted to some extent by the administrator.
4. FEASIBILITY STUDY
A procedure that identifies, describes and evaluates the proposed system
selects the best system for the job is called feasibility study. In feasibility study there
are two considerations involved which are
Technical Feasibility
Operational Feasibility
Technical Feasibility:
Evaluating the technical feasibility is the trickiest part of a feasibility study.
This is because, at this point in time, not too many detailed design of the system,
making it difficult to access issues like performance, costs on (on account of the kind
of technology to be deployed) etc. A number of issues have to be considered while
doing a technical analysis.
Understand the different technologies involved in the proposed system before
commencing the project we have to be very clear about what are the technologies
that are to be required for the development of the new system. Find out whether the
organization currently possesses the required technologies. Is the required technology
available with the organization?
Operational Feasibility
Proposed project is beneficial only if it can be turned into information
systems that will meet the organizations operating requirements. Simply stated, this
test of feasibility asks if the system will work when it is developed and installed. Are
there major barriers to implementation? Here are questions that will help test the
operational feasibility of a project:
Is there sufficient support for the project from management from users? If the
current system is well liked and used to the extent that persons will not be able to see
reasons for change, there may be resistance.
Are the current business methods acceptable to the user? If they are not, users
may welcome a change that will bring about a more operational and useful systems.
Have the user been involved in the planning and development of the project? Early
involvement reduces the changes of resistance to the system and in general and
increases the likelihood of successful project. Since the proposed system was to help
reduce the hardships encountered. In the existing manual system, the new system
was considered to be operational feasible.
4.1 System Requirements
4.1.1 Requirement Specification:
In requirement specification phase we understand the problem for which
software system is to be designed and to gather the necessary information. Analysis
can be done by reaching the client and on understanding the work that is described
by the client in terms of scenarios, i.e., by giving the example of things that happen
in their world.
4.1.2 Requirement analysis:
Requirement analysis categorizes requirements and organizes them into
related subsets; explores each requirement in detail. Moreover requirement analysis
is a software engineering task that bridges the gap between system level
requirements and software design. After the requirements are gathered the work
product noted earlier from the basis for requirements analysis. Here we categorized
the requirements and organized them into related subsets. The relation between
requirements is explored. Analysis examines each requirement for consistency,
omissions, ambiguity and ranks requirements based on the needs of the
customer/users. We divided requirements analysis into the following parts.
Problem recognition
Initially we studied the gathering requirements and understood the key
requirements in the system context.
Evaluation and synthesis
Here all the externally observable data object are defined, flow ad content of
the information are evaluated, all software contents are defined and elaborated, the
software behavior is understood, system interface characteristics are established and
additional design constraints are uncovered.
Modeling
The software model serves as the foundation for software design and as the
basis for the creation of specification for the software.
Specification
It is viewed as a representation process. Requirements are represented in a
manner that ultimately leads to successful software implementation.
Review
The review is first conducted at the macroscopic level i.e., it is ensured that
the representation is complete, consistent ad accurate and the overall information,
functional and behavioral domains are considered. Extreme care is taken in
conducting the review.
In requirements analysis phase we check whether the:
Requirements are consistent overall objective of the system.
All the requirements have been specified at the proper level of abstraction.
Each requirement is bounded and unambiguous.
Any of the requirements conflict with the other requirements.
Each requirement is testable.
4.1.3 Software Requirements
Languages used: Umbrello, My SQL, JDBC.
Platform: Windows XP.
Tools used: Internet Explorer, Mozilla Firefox.
4.1.4 Hardware Requirements
Processor: Pentium IV.
Speed: 3.06 GHz.
Primary Memory: 256 MB RAM.
Hard disk: 2GB
4.2 Constraints
4.2.1 REGISTERED TABLE:
FIELDS
ROLLNO
STUDENT NAME
COURSE
BRANCH
BATCH
DATE
EMAIL
DATA TYPES
VARCHAR(15)
VARCHAR(25)
VARCHAR(20)
VARCHAR(18)
VARCHAR(15)
VARCHAR(10)
VARCHAR(15)
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AGGREGATE
PERMANENT ADDRESS
PHONE NUMBER
COMPANY NAME
FLOAT
VARCHAR(15)
DOUBLE
VARCHAR(25)
DATA TYPES
VARCHAR(15)
VARCHAR(25)
VARCHAR(18)
VARCHAR(15)
VARCHAR(18)
VARCHAR(25)
Table: 4.2.2. Selected Table
DATA TYPES
VARCHAR(25)
VARCHAR(18)
Table: 4.2.3. Login Table
5. SYSTEM DESIGN
5.1 E-R Diagrams
The entity-relationship (ER) data model allows us to describe the data
involved in a real-world enterprise terms of objects and their relationships and is
widely used to develop an initial database.
The ER model is important primarily for its role in database design. It
provides useful concepts that allow us to move from an informal description of what
users want from their database to a more detailed and precise, description that can be
implemented in a DBMS. We note that many variations of ER diagrams are in use,
and no widely accepted standards prevail.
The database design process can be divided into six steps. The ER model is
most relevant to the first three steps:
Requirements Analysis:
The very first step in designing a database application is to understand what
data is to be stored in the database, what applications must be built on top of it, and
what operations are most frequent and subject to performance.
(1) Conceptual Database Design:
The information gathered in the requirements analysis step is used to develop
a high-level description of the data to be stored in the database, along with the
constraints that are known to hold over this data. This step is often carried out using
the ER model, or a similar high-level data model, and is discussed in the rest of this
chapter.
(2) Logical Database Design:
We must choose a DBMS to implement our database design, and convert the
conceptual database design into a database schema in the data model of the chosen
DBMS. We will only consider relational DBMS, and therefore, the task in the logical
design step is to convert an ER schema into a relational database schema. The result
is a conceptual schema, sometimes called the logical schema, in the relational data
model.
Beyond the ER model:
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Symbol
Meaning
Data flow
Data store
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things found in class diagrams. Object diagram address the static design view or
static process view of a system.
Use case Diagram
A use case diagram shows a set of use cases and Actors (a special kind of
class) and their relationships. Use case diagrams address the static use case view of a
system. These diagrams are especially important in organizing and modeling the
behaviors of a system.
Sequence Diagram
A sequence diagram is a visual representation of a scenario. A sequence
diagram shows the various actors in the scenario, and the way they interact with all
the subsystems.
Collaboration Diagram
A collaboration diagram is an interaction diagram that emphasizes the
structural organization of the objects that send and receive messages. Collaboration
diagram address the dynamic view of a system.
State Chart Diagram
A state chart diagram shows how an object dynamically changes its lifetime.
A state is a condition or situation in which the object satisfies some condition, does
some task, or waits for an event to trigger. A state chart diagram address the dynamic
view of the system.
Activity Diagram
An Activity diagram is a special type of state chart diagram. It usually depicts
the flow of events within an object. An activity diagram addresses the dynamic view
of a system. They are especially important in modeling the function of a system and
emphasize the flow of control among objects.
Component Diagram
A component diagram shows the organizations and dependencies among a set
of components. Component diagram address the static
implementation view of a system. They are related to class diagrams in that a
component typically maps to one or more classes, interfaces, or collaborations.
Deployment diagram
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UML Visualization
The UML includes both graphical and textual representation. It makes easy to
visualize the system and for better understanding.
UML Constructing
UML models can be directly connected to a variety of programming
languages and it is sufficiently expressive and free from any ambiguity to permit the
direct execution of models.
UML Documentation
UML provides variety of documents in addition raw executable codes.A
UML system is represented using five different views that describe the system from
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Uses of UML:
The UML is intended primarily for software intensive systems. It has been used
effectively for such domains as
Telecommunications
Transportation
Defense/Aerospace
Retails
Medical Electronics
Scientific Fields
Distributed Web
Rules of UML:
The UML has semantic rules for
Things are the data abstractions that are first class citizens in a model. Things
are of four types
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Structural Things
Behavioral Things
Grouping Thing
Annotational Things
Relationships:
Dependency
Association
Generalization
Specialization
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Activity Diagram for the Placement Officer module describes the activities
that are performed by the Placement Officer.
Activity Diagram for the HOD module describes the activities that are
performed by the HOD.
6. SYSTEM TESTING
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Software Testing
Software testing is a critical element of software quality assurance and
represents the ultimate reuse of specification. Design and code testing represents
interesting anomaly for the software during earlier definition and development
phase, it was attempted to build software from an abstract concept to tangible
implementation.
The testing phase involves, testing of the development of the system using
various techniques such as White Box Testing, Control Structure Testing.
Testing Strategies:
A strategy for software testing must accommodate low-level tests that are
necessary to verify that a small source code segment has been correctly
implemented as well as high level against customer requirements.
1. Unit Testing
2. Integration testing
3. System testing.
4. Acceptance testing.
Testing Techniques:
White Box Testing:
White box testing is a test case design method that uses the control structure
of the procedural design to derive test cases.
Control Structure Testing
The following tests were conducted and it was noted that the BCBS is
performing them well.
Basic path Testing
Condition Testing
Data Flow Testing
Loop Testing
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Student registration.
Student login
Administrator login
Adding a company.
Deleting a company.
In order to make sure that the system does not have errors, different levels of
testing strategies that are applied at different phases of software development are:
Test
Input
case
Expected
Observed
Status
behavior
behavior
P=Passe
no
d
F=Faile
Registered as a student
Registration page
-do-
d
P
-do-
-do-
should be
2
displayed
Error should be
empty fields
displayed that to
complete all
fields.
Login as admin with the Error message
wrong login details
should be
displayed.
Admin home page
-do-
correct details
Login as the student
is displayed
Student home
-do-
page is displayed
-do-
displayed
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Error message
-do-
should be
displayed
The company
-do-
successfully added
a The editing page
-do-
should be
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Modification
of
company
for a company
should be
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Modifying a company
displayed
Modification
after editing
successful page
-do-
-do-
should be
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Deleting a company
displayed
Deletion
successful page
should be
displayed
7. OUTPUT SCREENS
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HOME PAGE:
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LOGIN FORM:
ADMINISTRATOR FORM:
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SELECTED STUDENTS
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UPLOADING A COMPANY:
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DELETING A COMPANY:
STUDENT PAGE:
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COMPANIES VISITING:
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8. FUTURE ENHANCEMENT
Even though the project was completed to the original requirements, there are
a few features that we could add or improve on, if time allowed. The file system
implementation should be revised. We could look at other DBMS file systems to get
a better idea on how to design a more efficient and space conserving system. Also,
the executions of relational algebra operations like, the X-product and the Natural
Join could be improved and made more efficient. Otherwise, we are happy with the
performance of out project.
Reliability:
The project performs its intended functions with required precision, hence
is very reliable.
Flexibility:
The project is very flexible and any modification can be made to the
existing system to suit changes that can take place in future.
Online Processing:
The online processing of the project is very simple following the existing
method without any changes and suitable validations are provided for easy and
correct access to the user.
Easily Understandable with Minimum Knowledge:
The forms/screens are designed in such a way that any end user easily
understands less effort is required to learn, operates, repair the input and interpret
outputs with less strain.
Security:
Security is the most important feature of the proposed system. In this
some security is the measures are taken to avoid the mishandling of the database.
Constraints are defined to avoid the wrong entries
With this automated system, we can easily generate required reports.
Redundant data is reduced with normalization
The system displays error messages if any error occurs.
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9. CONCLUSION
The Placement Information System is a web-based application for primarily
providing training to the employees who provide customized solutions to meet
organizational needs.
This application software has been computed successfully and was also tested
successfully by taking test cases. It is user friendly, and has required options,
which can be utilized by the user to perform the desired operations.
The software is developed using Java as front end and My SQL as back end
in the windows environment.
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
During course of this project, a number of books, projects and websites were
referred to. Some of them are as listed as follows:
1. Software Engineering
Author
- RS Pressman
2. Web Programming:
Author
- Chris bates
- Herbert Schildt
Publishing
Publishing
- Pearson Education
- SHROFF
- C.J. Date
Web References:
J2EE-Overview
: http://java.sun.com/j2EE/overview.html
http://www.tizag.com
J2EE-Component:
http://java.sun.com/j2ee/blueprints/platform_technologies/component/index.html
http://codeproject.com/tips.cs
http://www.sqlcommands.com
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http://www.1000projects.com
APPENDIX
A. INSTALLATION MANUAL
These softwares are required to implement this project.
Jdk-6u10-windows-i586- must be installed.
Xampp-win32-1.7.3 must be installed (MYSQL server must be installed.)
Netbeans-6.9.1-ml-windows must be installed.
MYSQL Installation process:
Step1: Click on the .exe file shown on the screen.
Step 2: It will asks for the License agreement. Click on I accept the terms in the
license agreement
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Step 5: By click on the next button, it will display a page with install button.
Now, click on the install button.
INSTALLATION OF TOMCAT:
Step1: Click on the .exe file shown on the screen.
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Step 3: After selecting the fields, It will show you a path for installation. Click on the
next button.
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Step 4: Here we can choose our desired port number, username and password. Click
on the next button. But default port is 8080 for Tomcat.
B. USER MANUAL
These are the fallowing steps that are fallowed to execute our project.
1. SELECTING THE DATABASE:
Now, it will display the panel; now click on start buttons of both
MYSQL and APACHE TOMCAT servers.
Go through the four steps and select appropriate choices for the project.
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Now, the project is started. Create the web pages using the net beans.
Using appropriate links with the pages, you can interact with the Database.
USERS OF PROJECT:
There are two types of persons involved in this project. They are:
1) Student (user)
2) Staff/HOD/Principal (administrator)
STUDENT MODULE:
The student will have the authorities on this as following:
1) View questions
1) Giving feedback about the lecturers
View questions:
In this module students can view all questions in the database to give
feedback about the lecturers
Giving feedback about the lecturers:
In this student can give feedback about the lecturer according to questions
given in the database.
ADMIN MODULE:
ADMIN will have the authorities on this as following:
1) Add questions
2) Update questions
View questions
View report
Add questions:
In this module the student or staff or hods can add questions if he is
interested to add another question to database to rate the lecturers.
Update questions:
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C. ABBREVATIONS
UML
SQL
DBMS
JDBC
ODBC
HTML
CSS
JSP
JVM
DML
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REFERENCES
1. Software Engineering
Author
- RS Pressman
2. Web Programming:
Author
- Chris bates
- Herbert Schildt
Publishing
Publishing
- Pearson Education
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- SHROFF
- C.J. Date
Web References:
J2EE-Overview
: http://java.sun.com/j2EE/overview.html
http://www.tizag.com
J2EE-Component:
http://java.sun.com/j2ee/blueprints/platform_technologies/component/index.html
http://codeproject.com/tips.cs
http://www.sqlcommands.com
http://www.1000projects.com
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