Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
PLAGUICIDA
Sustancia diseada para repeler, destruir o controlar cualquier
plaga
Herbicidas
Fungicidas
Insecticidas
Raticidas
Repelentes de insectos
http://exordiosclinicos.blogspot.com/2012/03/intoxicacion-por-paraquat.html
MATAR INSECTOS
INSECTICIDA
Insecto:
https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insecta
EL INSECTICIDA IDEAL
Baja toxicidad en humanos
No persistente ni acumulable
Latencia
Gran especificidad
Bajo costo
NUEVOS INSECTICIDAS
Piretro dlmata
Volodymyr volodymyrovych oberemok1, kateryna volodymyrivna laikova2, et al. A short history of insecticides. Journal of plant protection research vol. 55, no. 3 (2015
Nicotiana tabacum
NUEVOS INSECTICIDAS
Azufre
Arseniato de
plomo
Criolita
Borax
.
Volodymyr volodymyrovych oberemok1, kateryna volodymyrivna laikova2, et al. A short history of insecticides. Journal of plant protection research vol. 55, no. 3 (2015
NUEVOS INSECTICIDAS
En el siglo 19 predomin el uso de productos qumicos.
En 1949 se sintetiza alletrn.
En 1987 estudiante de Austria Othmar Tseidler sintetiz el DDt
Aunque el primer organofosforado fue sintetizado en 1954,
entre el siglo 19 y principios del siglo 20 se aument su
utilizacin de manera importante.
Othmar Tseidler
NUEVOS INSECTICIDAS
bacteria Bacillus huringiensis
1920
NUEVOS INSECTICIDAS
Baculovirus
DESDE 1945
EDWARD STEINHAUS
1- - Volodymyr volodymyrovych oberemok1, kateryna volodymyrivna laikova2, et al. A short history of insecticides. Journal of plant protection research vol. 55, no. 3 (2015
2- Baculovirus Insecticides in Latin America: Historical Overview, Current Status and Future Perspectives. Viruses 2015, 7, 2230-2267
Precio elevado
Selectivos
Efectivos
De accin lenta
NUEVOS INSECTICIDAS
Agentes fngicos
Beauveria bassiana
Metarhizium anisopliae
Nomuraea rileyi
Vericillium lecanii
Lagenidium giganteum
Hirsutella thompsonii
1- Volodymyr volodymyrovych oberemok1, kateryna volodymyrivna laikova2, et al. A short history of insecticides. Journal of plant protection research vol. 55, no. 3 (2015
Accin lenta
Poca bioacumulacin
Pocos efectos adversos
Menos utilizados que
los Insecticidas
qumicos
NUEVOS INSECTICIDAS
Neonicotinoides
1970 Nitiazina
Peter Jeschke, Ralf Nauen, Michael Schindler, Alfred Elbert, 2011. Overview of the Status and Global Strategy
for Neonicotinoids. Journals of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 59: 28972908
1- Volodymyr volodymyrovych oberemok1, kateryna volodymyrivna laikova2, et al. A short history of insecticides. Journal of plant protection research vol. 55, no. 3 (2015
2- Myriam siegwart, benoit graillot, christine blachere lopez et al. Resistancetobio-insecticidesorhowtoenhancetheirsustainability:areview. June 2015|volume6|article381
MECANISMO DE ACCIN
Neonicotinoides
GRAFICA MECANISMO
wikipedia
Nicotiana tabacum
42
1- Volodymyr volodymyrovych oberemok1, kateryna volodymyrivna laikova2, et al. A short history of insecticides. Journal of plant protection research vol. 55, no. 3 (2015
2- Myriam siegwart, benoit graillot, christine blachere lopez et al. Resistancetobio-insecticidesorhowtoenhancetheirsustainability:areview. June 2015|volume6|article381
3- Estructura y funcin de los receptores acetilcolina de tipo muscarnico y nicotnico Flores Soto ME,1 Segura Torres JE1Rev Mex Neuroci 2005; 6(4): 315-326
RECEPTORES NICOTNICOS
La nicotina es ms selectiva por los receptores nicotnicos de los humanos
Los neonicotinoides son ms selectivos por los receptores nicotnicos de insectos
Los receptores nicotnicos en insectos:
En el SNC (4- nicotnico)
Pei-Chen Lin, Hung-Jung Lin, Yu-Ying Liao, How-Ran Guo and Kuo-Tai Chen. Acute Poisoning with Neonicotinoid Insecticides: A Case Report nd Literature Review, Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology, 2013, 112, 282286
Risks of large-scale use of systemic insecticides to ecosystem functioning and services, Environ Sci Pollut Res (2015) 22:119134
Karatas AD. Severe central nervous system depression in a patient with acute imidacloprid poisoning. American Journal of Emergency Medicine. 2009; 27: 1171.e51171.e7
NUEVOS INSECTICIDAS
1972
Lactonas macrocclicas
Streptomyces avermitilis
Avermectinas: Abamectina
Milbemicinas :Moxidectina
Milbemicina
Nemadectina
Ivermectina
Prinomectina
Emamectina benzoato
Doramectina
Selamectina
emamectina benzoato
1- Volodymyr volodymyrovych oberemok1, kateryna volodymyrivna laikova2, et al. A short history of insecticides. Journal of plant protection research vol. 55, no. 3 (2015
2- Toshifumi Nakao a,*, Shinichi Banba a, Kangetsu Hirase, Comparison between the modes of action of novel meta-diamide and macrocyclic lactone insecticides on the RDL GABA receptor. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology 120 (2015) 101108
Lactonas macrocclicas
Mecanismo de accin
En insectos
Se unen a los receptores de
glutamato inotrpicos (GluCls)
Afluencia de cloro
Hiperpolarizacin
Parlisis
Muerte
1- Toxicology of avamectins and milbemycins (macrocyclic lactones) and de role of p-glycoprotein in dogs and cats. Vet clin small anim 42(2012
2- neurotranmission systems as targets for toxicants: a review. Cell biol toxicol (2013)
En seres humanos
Se unen a los receptores GABAa
y a los receptores de glicina.
Afluencia de cloro
Hiperpolarizacin
Dosis bajas efecto supresor del
GABA
Dosis elevadas potencia el
efecto del GABA
MANISFESTACIONES CLNICAS
Lactonas macrocclicas
Intoxicacin leve
Intoxicacin severa
Nauseas
Vmito
Diarrea
Debilidad
Hipotensin
Coma
Falla respiratoria
Exposicin crnica
Infertilidad en
hombres
NUEVOS INSECTICIDAS
Benzoilfenil ureas
Diflubenzurn
1980
Flufenoxuron
Lufenuron
triflumuron
1- Volodymyr volodymyrovych oberemok1, kateryna volodymyrivna laikova2, et al. A short history of insecticides. Journal of plant protection research vol. 55, no. 3 (2015
BENZOILFENIL UREAS
Mecanismo de accin
http://es.slideshare.net/clasesdefarmacologia/antiparasitarios-externos
DL50 en ratas
5,000 mg/kg
MANIFESTACIONES CLNICAS
Toxicidad por Benzoilfenil ureas
NUEVOS INSECTICIDAS
Fenilpirazoles
1990
Fipronil
1- Volodymyr volodymyrovych oberemok1, kateryna volodymyrivna laikova2, et al. A short history of insecticides. Journal of plant protection research vol. 55, no. 3 (2015)
2- Xilong zhao, vincent l. Salgado, jay z. Yeh, and toshio narahashi. Differential actions of fipronil and dieldrin insecticides on Gaba-gated chloride channels in cockroach neurons. The journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics. 2003
MECANISMO DE ACCIN
Fenilpirazoles (fipronil)
EXCITABILIDAD
1-Differential actions of fipronil and dieldrin insecticides on gaba-gated chloride channels in cockroach neurons. The journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics.2003
2-Acute Human Self-Poisoning with the N-Phenylpyrazole Insecticide Fipronil A GABAA-Gated Chloride Channel Blocker, J Toxicol Clin Toxicol. 2004 ; 42(7): 955963.
MANIFESTACIONES CLNICAS
Fenilpirazoles (fipronil)
Convulsiones
Diaforesis
Nauseas y vmito
Agitacin
1-Differential actions of fipronil and dieldrin insecticides on gaba-gated chloride channels in cockroach neurons. The journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics.2003
2-Acute Human Self-Poisoning with the N-Phenylpyrazole Insecticide Fipronil A GABAA-Gated Chloride Channel Blocker, J Toxicol Clin Toxicol. 2004 ; 42(7): 955963.
NUEVOS INSECTICIDAS
Isoxazolinas
2000-20133
FLURALANER
AFOXOLANER
SAROLANER (zoetis) en desarrollo
Afoxolaner
1- The novel isoxazoline ectoparasiticide fluralaner: Selective inhibition of arthropod g-aminobutyric acid- and L-glutamate-gated chloride channels and insecticidal/acaricidal activity, Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 45 (2014) 111e12
2- IRAC: Mode of action classification and insecticide resistance management4, Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology 121 (2015) 122128
Fluralaner
NUEVOS INSECTICIDAS
Cetoenoles cclicos (derivados del cido tetrnico)
2004
Inhiben la acetil CoA carboxilasa
TOXICIDAD
Cetoenoles cclicos (derivados del cido tetrnico)
http://www3.epa.gov/A
NUEVOS INSECTICIDAS
Diamidas (2007)
Diamidas antranlico
Clorantraniliprol
Ciclaniliprol (2013)
Tetraniliprol (2014
Rynaxypyr
Flubendiamide
1- Volodymyr volodymyrovych oberemok1, kateryna volodymyrivna laikova2, et al. A short history of insecticides. Journal of plant protection research vol. 55, no. 3 (2015
chlorantraniprole + tiametoxam
NUEVOS INSECTICIDAS
Diamidas
Mecanismo de accin
1- Volodymyr volodymyrovych oberemok1, kateryna volodymyrivna laikova2, et al. A short history of insecticides. Journal of plant protection research vol. 55, no. 3 (2015
2-Rynaxypyr a new insecticidal anthranilic diamide that acts as a potent and selectiveryanodine receptor activador. Scienceadairect 2007
GRACIAS
En CASO DE DUDAS anamarestrepomu@hotmail.Com