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Block Crankshaft
Connecting Rod
Pistons, Rings, & Wrist Pin Bearings (Main and Connecting rod)
Vee,
inline,
Opposed
slant.
Crankshaft bearings:
Known as friction or precision insert bearings.
Uses a steel backing with soft metal on crankshaft side.(lead, tin, copper, silver,
cadmium)
The flywheel (known as the flex plate when used with an automatic transmission)
carries the engines inertia in between power strokes.
It is the powers take off for the engine. The clutch or torque converter bolts to it. Lastly
Vibration damper:
The vibration damper smoothes the vibrations caused by the power strokes. It has
a pulley on it the run auxiliary systems.
It may contain timing marks or crankshaft timing sensors.
Balancer shafts:
Used to counteract the normal vibrations inherent to piston engines. Found
on 4 cylinder and 6 cylinder engines mostly.
Pistons:
Pistons harness the energy of the power stroke and transfer the force toward the
crankshaft.
Head or crown
Ring grooves
Ring lands
Skirt
Pin hole
Pin boss
Pin offset
Piston rings:
Rings seal the compression in the combustion chamber and the motor oil in the crankcase.
Automotive engines use 3 rings: 2 compression and 1 multi-piece Oil Ring
Types:
Rings are usually made of cast iron can be plated with chrome or molybdenum.
Help seal the ring to the cylinder wall.
Shapes of the ring vary to also help the ring seal better.
Piston Pin:
Hollow polished steel pin.
Attached in a variety of ways.
Pinned to piston.
Clamped to rod small end.
Snap ring free floating.
Press fit.
Connecting rods:
I-beam style rod use to transfer the pistons force to the crankshaft.
Small end contains the piston pin and the big end has a removable cap to
install it to the Crank.
Nuts and bolts are usually of a very high quality.
Installation of pistons:
Cylinder number
Piston number
Notch to the front
Position ring gaps
Remove rod cap check bearing inserts
Cover bolts with fuel line if needed
Crankshaft at TDC or BDC
Install ring compressor
Oil piston, cylinder wall, & crank journal
Carefully tap in piston with hammer handle.
Properly replace rod cap
Automotive chassis:
Introduction of Chassis Frame: Chassis is a French term and was initially used to
denote