Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
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1914
1916
1918
1920
1922
1924
FY 1955
1926
1928
1930
1932
1934
1936
1938
1940
FY 1975
1942
1944
1946
1948
1950
1952
1954
FY 1995
1956
1958
1960
1962
1964
1966
1968
Fiscal Year
1970
1972
FY 2012
25,943
1974
1976
1978
1980
1982
FY 1914 FY 2012
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
Transits vs PC/UMS Tonnage
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
14,544
333.7
2010
2012
0
50
100
150
200
250
350
400
300
Panamax Plus
49 m (160)
15.2 m
18.3 m (60) min. New Panamax
(50)
TFWD
28.3 m (93) max.
BUOY #28.
Secured inside New Panamax Locks chambers
#2 #1
LOWER CHAMBER,
NEW PANAMAX LOCKS.
Moving between New Panamax Locks chambers
UPPER CHAMBER,
NEW PANAMAX LOCKS.
#2 #1
MIDDLE CHAMBER,
NEW PANAMAX LOCKS.
Requirements - New Panamax Locks
Maximum Length (1):
The maximum length overall including bulbous bow for commercial or non-
commercial vessels acceptable for regular transit is 366 meters. Vessels
transiting the Canal for the first time, whether newly-constructed or newly-
modified, are subject to inspection and prior review and approval of vessel plans.
Vessels without prior approval and/or not in compliance with Canal requirements
may experience delays or be denied transit.
New Panamax
15.2 m
(50)
Requirements - New Panamax Locks
Protrusions (1):
Anything that extends beyond a vessel's hull, except for the main anchors,
shall be considered a protrusion and subject to all applicable regulations and
limitations.
The ACP is not responsible for damages to protrusions, whether permanent
or temporary.
The drawings submitted via e-mail, disk or diskette should be saved preferably in PDF
or TIFF file format, or in a file format compatible with AUTOCAD. All drawing and letter
files are to be compressed together into one zip file using the WinZip file compression
software.
Agenda
Total increase
$4.61 $3.93 $2.99 384%
since 1914
Pricing system in place until 2002
The system was designed for a breakeven business model
that did not consider the commercial value of the service
provided.
No differentiation made on type and/or vessel size, nor in the
risks associated with the cargo and how they affect Canal
capacity and cost.
One price fits all system was not consistent with the
evolution of the shipping industry.
The 3 year budget basis would not have allow the possibility
to engage in an important investment project such as a
capacity expansion.
Market Segmentation - 2002
Vessel Type
Dry bulker
Container Carriers
Liquid Bulkers
Reefers
Vehicle Carriers
Passengers
General Cargo
Others
Admeasurement system applied to containerships
until April 30, 2005
Total volume
Tolls per TEU - 2005
Loaded Vessel
Toll per TEU Implementation
$42 May 1, 2005
$49 May 1, 2006
$54 May 1, 2007
Vessel in Ballast
Toll per TEU Implementation
$33.60 May 1, 2005
$39.20 May 1, 2006
$43.20 May 1, 2007
ACP tolls basis for passenger ship segment
Based upon the maximum passenger capacity (PAX-MC) as specified in the
vessels International Tonnage Certificate (ITC (69)).
Vessels > 30,000 gross tons and PCUMS/PAX-MC ratio 33 charged tolls
based upon rate of $100 per passenger capacity as specified on the vessels
ITC (69).
Vessels that do not meet the above criteria continue under the PCUMS
basis.
Evolution of ACP Pricing Structure - FY 2000-2015
2000- 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008- 2011 2013 Until
2001 2009 2015
Variable Sub-
TOLLS PER Tariff per segmentation
New Pricing
TEU full of tankers
Structure container
$42 $49
(Two Phases)
$54
Ro-Ros now
part of Vehicle
Price Carrier
Size On- Differentiation segment
Differentiation deck by segment
cargo May 2007
New
Admeasurement
rules -
Breakeven Market Admeasure
Passenger
model Segmentation -ment
system Vessels
until 2005
Continued Segmentation
Market Segmentation - 2013
Vessel Type
Dry bulker
Container Carriers
Chemical Carriers
Reefers
Passengers
General Cargo
Others
The Panama Canal:
Route Competitiveness Analysis
Model - PCRCAM
Panama Canal Route Competitiveness Analysis Model
PCRCAM
PCRCAM
40.00%
Price Variation (% year vs. year)
30.00%
20.00%
10.00%
0.00%
-10.00%
-20.00%
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
IHS/CERA: Bunker HFO 380 3.9% -15.9% -6.8% -11.9% 7.1% 5.6%
EIA: Bunker -1.8% 41.2% 1.7% 8.8% 7.6% 4.7% 1.6% 2.0%
EIA Diesel Fuel (distillate fuel oil) 6/barrel 21.2% 26.7% -1.4% -8.0% 6.1% 3.3% 1.3% 1.4%
FAFA Forecast 1.7% 1.6% 1.4%
Future 0.7% -0.5% -0.6%
Analyst Forecast 2.6% 3.4% 3.0%
Bunker Prices Projected Variation
Agenda
Full Containers
Full container vessels
Costs per TEU (Asia U.S. East Coast) - Both Directions
FY 2015
Cargo Canal Cost Economies of Economies of
Vessel Size Fuel Charter Rate Ports Canal Cost per TEU
Handling Impact (%) Scale/TEU Scale/Service
Establish a vessel differentiation for the use of the current and the new locks.
An analysis of the container vessel fleet indicates a range of vessels from 3,000 TEU to 14,000 TEU
that would require the use of the new locks if they were to transit through the Panama Canal.
The structure by beam helps provide economies of scale for the larger vessels.
Improve the competitiveness of the Panama Canal, particularly in the backhaul.
The Panama Canal:
Market Segment Analysis and
Pricing Structure
Dry Bulks
Dry Bulk Vessels
Costs in $/MT Grain Route US Gulf to Asia
FY 2015
55,000 DWT 8.55 13.04 2.91 3.38 8.17 30.72 66.77 5.1%
95,000 DWT 6.55 9.36 2.73 3.19 8.17 30.72 60.71 5.2% -$6.06 -$518,180
ANNA S Cargo
IMO: 9207778 TM:
MT: 59,279.54
Carbn
COAL
DWT: 75,966 Utilizacin:
Utilization: 78.0%
PCUMS: 33,095
CPSUAB:
PCUM: Peaje:
$/MT: $2.37/TM
FU MIN Cargo
IMO: 9154115 MT:59,269.67
TM:
Granos
GRAINS
DWT: 72,437 Utilization: 81.8%
Utilizacin:
PCUMS: 31,383
CPSUAB:
PCUMS Peaje:
$/MT: $2.25/TM
MEDI TA Cargo
Mineral
IRON de IMO: 9286889 TM:
MT: 59,257.18
Hierro
ORE DWT: 76,633 Utilizacin:
Utilization: 77.3%
CPSUAB:
PCUMS: 32,841
PCUM: Peaje:
$/MT: $2.35/TM
Case #1
11/09/11 YASA H.MEHMET 83,482 37,883 61,297.31 73% 2.62 Grains USEC to Asia
08/03/12 KEY EVOLUTION 83,416 37,879 61,699.65 74% 2.60 Coal USEC to Asia
11/17/11 YASA H.MULLA 83,482 37,883 60,495.30 72% 2.65 Iron Ore USEC to Asia
Case #2
04/18/12 PORT MENIER 53,825 26,931 47,374.01 88% 2.43 Grains USEC to Asia
06/23/12 MEDI NAGASAKI 53,098 24,327 47,372.58 89% 2.20 Coal South America WC to South America EC
02/22/12 SANKO TITAN 52,514 24,943 47,391.81 90% 2.25 Iron Ore South America EC to Asia
Case #3
01/22/12 EVER YOUNG 73,081 31,956 57,627.09 79% 2.36 Grains USEC to Asia
02/07/12 HARVEST MOON 73,040 31,898 57,656.98 79% 2.35 Coal USEC to Asia
11/18/11 NAVIOS LIBRA II 70,136 31,068 57,647.84 82% 2.29 Iron Ore USEC to Asia
Liquid Bulks
Tanker
Costs per Ton ($/mt) (WCSA U.S. East Coast)
Vessel Size Charter Cargo Cost per Canal Cost Economy Economies of
Fuel Ports Canal
(DWT) Rate Handling Ton Impact (%) of Scale Scale/Total
70,000 $ 2.64 $ 2.72 $ 2.10 $ 2.95 $ 1.21 $ 11.61 25%
100,000 $ 2.61 $ 1.95 $ 1.97 $ 2.76 $ 1.21 $ 10.50 26% -1.11 $ 99,900
140,000 $ 2.54 $ 1.71 $ 1.99 $ 3.25 $ 1.21 $ 10.70 30% -0.91 $ 101,920
Laden (CP/SUAB)
1st 10,000 $ -
2nd 10,000 $ -
Rest $ -
Ballast (CP/SUAB)
1st 10,000 $ -
2nd 10,000 $ -
Rest $ -
Why use m3 instead of PC/UMS?
LPG and LNG carriers are classified by the maritime
industry by their size using cubic meters (m3).
The cargo capacity for LPG and LNG ships are
expressed in cubic meters (m3).
The cubic meter is a unit commonly used for the trade of
LPG and LNG.
LNG contracts are long term and expressed in cubic
meters (m3).
It eliminates the pricing differentiation caused by the use
of PC/UMS. The cubic meter eliminates this difference
when comparing the two LNG shipbuilding technology
types, moss and membrane.
LPG: Proposal Pricing Structure Based on Cargo Capacity
in Cubic Meters (m3)
Laden (m3)
1st 10,000 $ -
2nd 15,000 $ -
3rd 30,000 $ -
Rest $ -
Ballast (m3)
1st 10,000 $ -
2nd 15,000 $ -
3rd 30,000 $ -
Rest $ -
LNG: Proposal Pricing Structure Based on Cargo Capacity
in Cubic Meters (m3)
Laden (m3)
1st 60,000 $ -
2nd 30,000 $ -
3rd 30,000 $ -
Rest $ -
Ballast (m3)
1st 60,000 $ -
2nd 30,000 $ -
3rd 30,000 $ -
Rest $ -
The Panama Canal:
Market Segment Analysis and
Pricing Structure
database Arrival
ETAs Planning Algorithm
list
Tentative
Transit
Time
notifications
Just in Time Trial Period
Operational tests of the just in time concept will begin soon to
acquire as much information as possible in order to establish its
feasibility and value.
The information gathered during the development and completion of
the tests will help in the assessment of its effectiveness and to
perform additional system adjustments.
Modifications to our Maritime Regulations, Operations Manuals,
guidelines and procedures that apply to the implementation of the
new service will be required.
The operational test will initiate in January 2013 for approximately
two or three months.
Will need customer participation to insure proper information is
transmitted for adequate vessel tracking and precise transit
scheduling.
World Maritime and Logistics
Date Outlook Panama 2014
February 4 6, 2014
Objectives
Raise awareness of the upcoming opening of the expanded
Canal.
Promote Panamanian transportation and logistics platform among
maritime industry members.
Provide information on Canal tolls, operation procedures and
regulations applicable to the expanded Canal.
Promote discussion on topics related to the industry situation,
specific market segments, transportation and logistics.
Present ACPs new commercial business development activities.
Register at least 400 attendees.
World Maritime and Logistics
Outlook Panama February 2014
Audience
Port Authorities
Shipowners and Shipping Companies
Shipping agencies
International Maritime Associations and Organizations
Retailers
Exporters
Maritime classification societies
Shipyards
3PL
World Maritime and Logistics
Tracks Outlook Panama February 2014
1. Maritime Outlook
Container
Dry Bulk
Liquid Bulk & LNG
Car carrier/roro
Cruise
2. Logistics & Supply Chain
Retailing & Distribution
Transshipment
Panamas Logistics Platform-Latin American Opportunities
3. Trade Routes
4. Panama Canal Users Forum (tolls, booking, regulations, operating
procedures applicable to the use of the waterway)
5. New business development at the Panama Canal Authority
Preliminary Discussions Regarding Changes in Tolls and Regulations