2/3/2017 HypersurfaceWikipedia

Hypersurface
FromWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia

Fordifferentialgeometryusage,seeglossaryofdifferentialgeometryandtopology.

Ingeometry,ahypersurfaceisageneralizationofthe
conceptofhyperplane.SupposeanenvelopingmanifoldM
hasndimensionsthenanysubmanifoldofMofn1
dimensionsisahypersurface.Equivalently,thecodimension
ofahypersurfaceisone.Forexample,thensphereinRn+1
iscalledahypersphere.Hypersurfacesoccurfrequentlyin
multivariablecalculusaslevelsets.

InRn,everyclosedhypersurfaceisorientable.[1]Every
connectedcompacthypersurfaceisalevelset,[2]and
separatesRnintwoconnectedcomponents,[2]whichis
relatedtotheJordanBrouwerseparationtheorem.
Ackley'sfunctionofthreevariables,withtimethe
Inalgebraicgeometry,ahypersurfaceinprojectivespaceof
3rdvariable.
dimensionnisanalgebraicset(algebraicvariety)thatis
purelyofdimensionn1.Itisthendefinedbyasingle
equationf(x1,x2,...,xn)=0,ahomogeneouspolynomialinthehomogeneouscoordinates.

Thus,itgeneralizesthosealgebraiccurvesf(x1,x2)=0(dimensionone),andthosealgebraicsurfaces
f(x1,x2,x3)=0(dimensiontwo),whentheyaredefinedbyhomogeneouspolynomials.

Ahypersurfacemayhavesingularities,andhenceisnotnecessarilyasubmanifoldinthestrictsense."Primal"is
anoldtermforanirreduciblehypersurface.

Seealso
Affinesphere
Coblehypersurface
Polarhypersurface
Nullhypersurface
Dworkfamily

References
1.HansSamelson(1969)OrientabilityofhypersurfacesinRn(http://www.ams.org/journals/proc/196902201/S00029939
196902450269/S00029939196902450269.pdf),ProceedingsoftheAmericanMathematicalSociety22(1):301,2
2.ElonL.Lima,"TheJordanBrouwerseparationtheoremforsmoothhypersurfaces",TheAmericanMathematical
Monthly,Vol.95,No.1(Jan.,1988),pp.3942.

Hazewinkel,Michiel,ed.(2001),"Hypersurface",EncyclopediaofMathematics,Springer,ISBN9781
556080104
ShoshichiKobayashiandKatsumiNomizu(1969),FoundationsofDifferentialGeometryVolII,Wiley
Interscience

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypersurface 1/2
2/3/2017 HypersurfaceWikipedia

P.A.Simionescu&D.Beal(2004)Visualizationofhypersurfacesandmultivariable(objective)functionsby
partialglobalization(http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s0037100402604),TheVisualComputer20(10):66581.

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Categories: Algebraicgeometry Multidimensionalgeometry

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