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MEMORIA DE CLCULO
N 2325-0000-265-CS-0007
Preparado por:
APROBACIONES TCNICAS:
REVISADO APROBADO
REVISIN POR EMISIN FECHA
POR POR
B J. Muoz Emitido para Informacin del Cliente 02-Dic.-04 R. Falck C. Astorga
0 J. Muoz Emitido para Construccin 04-Ene.-05 R. Falck C. Astorga
TABLA DE CONTENIDOS
1.0 INTRODUCCIN............................................................................................................. 2
ANEXOS:
1.0 INTRODUCCIN
2.0 ALCANCE
Adems, las mallas cumplirn con la restriccin de alcanzar una resistencia de 25 [Ohm]
mximos, establecidos en el documento No. 2325-0000-265-DC-0001, Criterio de Diseo
Elctrico.
Para las mallas de puesta a tierra de las bombas en las Estaciones de bombeo Nos. 2, 3 y 4,
se consider una extensin de la malla calculada por Ingendesa, para el patio de alta
tensin y sala elctrica, utilizando el mismo reticulado. La misma consideracin se hizo
para las instalaciones en Coloso, (Planta Desaladora y Estacin de bombeo No. 1), con una
extensin de la malla de puesta a tierra existente.
Salas elctricas Nos. 608, 609, 610, 611, 612, 613, 614 y 615, en la Planta EW.
4.0 ANTECEDENTES
5.0 NORMAS
Las mallas del rea EW y SX son calculadas en forma individual. En el rea de pilas de LX
se considera, para el clculo, que las mallas de puesta a tierra de las subestaciones mviles
estn conectadas con la malla de la subestacin principal SX, a travs del cable de guardia
de la lnea de 13.8 [kV].
Los valores de cortocircuito utilizados para el diseo de las mallas corresponden al nivel de
13.8 [kV]. En el rea EW, la corriente de falla a tierra esta limitada a 200 [A] por los
reactores Zig-Zag. En el rea de SX, la corriente de falla a tierra esta limitada a 200 [A] por
las resistencias de neutro de los transformadores de poder.
Para la Planta de Inoculacin, el tiempo de despeje de falla est limitado a 0.1 [s] por el
reconectador Tag No. 7100-7W15-602.
8.0 RESULTADOS
El resultado entregado por el ETAP para cada malla de puesta a tierra calculada, se entrega
en el Anexo 2 (3 hojas por cada clculo de malla).
MINERA ESCONDIDA LIMITADA Memoria de Clculo N 2325-0000-265-CS-0007
PROYECTO LIXIVIACIN DE SLFUROS Pgina 5 de 5
PROYECTO N 232500 Enero, 2005
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9.0 CONCLUSIONES
Las mallas de puesta a tierra diseadas, cumplen con las exigencias de seguridad sobre
tensiones de paso y de contacto, establecidas en la Norma IEEE Std. 80, ao 2000.
Los valores obtenidos para las resistencias de cada malla son menores a los 25 [Ohm]
establecidos en el documento No. 2325-0000-265-DC-0001, Criterio de Diseo
Elctrico, con excepcin de las salas # 608 y # 609 de la Planta EW, donde se calcularon
34.90 [Ohm]. Se estima que al utilizar el producto KAM, esta resistencia deber quedar
bajo los 25 [Ohm], de acuerdo con la informacin tcnica del producto.
Ingendesa realiz un estudio de la interconexin de las mallas de puesta a tierra, tanto para
la planta EW como SX. El resultado obtenido confirma el buen comportamiento de las
mallas interconectadas. (Ver Anexo 4).
10.0 RECOMENDACIONES
La totalidad de la superficie de las mallas debern estar cubiertas por una capa de grava de
15 [cm] de espesor, con una resistividad mnima de 5000 [Ohm-m].
Debido a los malos valores de resistividades del terreno, y aunque las mallas calculadas
cumplen con el valor de resistencia de malla mxima de 25 [Ohm] sin considerar aditivos,
(ver prrafo 8), es recomendable el uso del producto KAM, consistente en un tratamiento
artificial reductor de resistencias de puesta a tierra.
MINERA ESCONDIDA LIMITADA Memoria de Clculo N 2325-0000-265-CS-0007
PROYECTO LIXIVIACIN DE SLFUROS Enero, 2005
PROYECTO N 232500 REV. 0
FLUOR
ANEXO 1
RESUMEN DE RESULTADOS
MINERA ESCONDIDA LTDA. MEMORIA DE CALCULO No. 2325-0000-265-CS-0007
PROYECTO LIXIVIACION DE SULFUROS 04/01/05
PROYECTO No. 2325 REV. 0
Longitud X Lx m 82 35 35 30 30 25 25 16 21 26 25.7
Conductores en X Nx c/u 4 7 7 7 6 9 5 5 4 4 5
Conductores en Y Ny c/u 9 8 8 8 9 5 10 6 8 6 6
2
Area de la malla S m 1,640 840 840 750 600 1,050 375 192 168 502 702
Radio equivalente r m 22.8 16.4 16.4 15.5 13.8 18.3 10.9 7.8 7.3 12.6 14.9
Longitud total conductor L m 508 437 437 410 360 435 275 152 148 220 292
Resistividad del suelo capa superior Rho Ohm-m 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000
Espesor capa superior e m 7.0 7.0 7.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0
Resistividad del suelo capa inferior (sustrato) Rho Ohm-m 230 230 230 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200
Resistencia de Malla (Laurent) Rm Ohm 25.8 35.2 35.2 37.2 41.7 31.9 53.0 77.1 81.9 48.7 40.3
Resistencia combinada Malla+Barras (<25 Ohm) Rm Ohm 23.54 34.90 34.90 18.64 19.60 17.07 21.71 24.85 24.95 20.68 19.16
Voltaje del sistema Vs kV 13.8 13.8 13.8 13.8 13.8 13.8 13.8 13.8 13.8 13.8 13.8
Sobrevoltaje sistema pu 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Corriente de falla mxima Ig A 199 199 199 200 200 200 2100 200 200 200 200
Corriente de falla ajustada con resistencia de PAT Ig A 172 150 150 136 134 140 367
Tiempo despeje de falla s 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
Factor de diseo 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Corriente de Falla para diseo A 175 155 155 160 150 160 400 80 80 80 80
(*) : Se considera la conexin con la malla de tierra de la subestacin principal a travs de los cables de guardia.
MINERA ESCONDIDA LIMITADA Memoria de Clculo N 2325-0000-265-CS-0007
PROYECTO LIXIVIACIN DE SLFUROS Enero, 2005
PROYECTO N 232500 REV. 0
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ANEXO 2
REPORTES DEL ETAP
Project: LIXIVIACION DE SULFUROS
ETAP PowerStation Page: 1
4.7.0C
Location: MINERA ESCONDIDA - PLANTA EW Date: 12-01-2004
Contract: 2325 SN: 88FDI30132
Engineer: FLUOR CHILE S.A. Study Case: GRD1 Filename: SALA#608
ETAP PowerStation
Frequency: 50.0
System Data:
Soil Data:
Conductor & Rod Copper, annealed soft-drawn 100.0 0.00393 234.0 1083.0 1.72 3.42
Rod Data:
Grid Configuration:
Cost:
Conductor Rod
Total Total Length Total Total Length Total
No. m Cost No. m Cost Cost
15 437.0 $43,700 4 12.0 $400 $44,100
Project: LIXIVIACION DE SULFUROS
ETAP PowerStation Page: 3
4.7.0C
Location: MINERA ESCONDIDA - PLANTA EW Date: 12-01-2004
Contract: 2325 SN: 88FDI30132
Engineer: FLUOR CHILE S.A. Study Case: GRD1 Filename: SALA#608
Rg GPR
Touch Potential Step Potential
Ground Ground
Resistance Potential Rise Tolerable Calculated Calculated Tolerable Calculated Calculated
Ohm Volts Volts Volts % Volts Volts %
34.897 5235.3 865.5 761.6 88.0 3114.2 555.8 17.8
Maximum Grid Current: 0.150 kA Surface Layer Derating Factor (Cs): 0.862
ETAP PowerStation
Frequency: 50.0
System Data:
Soil Data:
Conductor & Rod Copper, annealed soft-drawn 100.0 0.00393 234.0 1083.0 1.72 3.42
Rod Data:
Grid Configuration:
Cost:
Conductor Rod
Total Total Length Total Total Length Total
No. m Cost No. m Cost Cost
15 437.0 $43,700 4 12.0 $400 $44,100
Project: LIXIVIACION DE SULFUROS
ETAP PowerStation Page: 3
4.7.0C
Location: MINERA ESCONDIDA - PLANTA EW Date: 12-01-2004
Contract: 2325 SN: 88FDI30132
Engineer: FLUOR CHILE S.A. Study Case: GRD1 Filename: SALA#609
Rg GPR
Touch Potential Step Potential
Ground Ground
Resistance Potential Rise Tolerable Calculated Calculated Tolerable Calculated Calculated
Ohm Volts Volts Volts % Volts Volts %
34.897 5235.3 865.5 761.6 88.0 3114.2 555.8 17.8
Maximum Grid Current: 0.150 kA Surface Layer Derating Factor (Cs): 0.862
ETAP PowerStation
Frequency: 50.0
System Data:
Soil Data:
Conductor & Rod Copper, annealed soft-drawn 100.0 0.00393 234.0 1083.0 1.72 3.42
Rod Data:
Grid Configuration:
Cost:
Conductor Rod
Total Total Length Total Total Length Total
No. m Cost No. m Cost Cost
13 508.0 $50,800 4 12.0 $400 $51,200
Project: LIXIVIACION DE SULFUROS
ETAP PowerStation Page: 3
4.7.0C
Location: MINERA ESCONDIDA - PLANTA EW Date: 12-01-2004
Contract: 2325 SN: 88FDI30132
Engineer: FLUOR CHILE S.A. Study Case: GRD1 Filename: SALAS#610-a-615
Rg GPR
Touch Potential Step Potential
Ground Ground
Resistance Potential Rise Tolerable Calculated Calculated Tolerable Calculated Calculated
Ohm Volts Volts Volts % Volts Volts %
23.542 3531.9 865.5 730.6 84.4 3114.2 334.7 10.7
Maximum Grid Current: 0.150 kA Surface Layer Derating Factor (Cs): 0.862
ETAP PowerStation
Frequency: 50.0
System Data:
Soil Data:
Conductor & Rod Copper, annealed soft-drawn 100.0 0.00393 234.0 1083.0 1.72 3.42
Rod Data:
Grid Configuration:
Cost:
Conductor Rod
Total Total Length Total Total Length Total
No. m Cost No. m Cost Cost
15 360.0 $36,000 4 12.0 $400 $36,400
Project: LIXIVIACION DE SULFUROS
ETAP PowerStation Page: 3
4.7.0C
Location: MINERA ESCONDIDA - PLANTA SX Date: 12-01-2004
Contract: 2325 SN: 88FDI30132
Engineer: FLUOR CHILE S.A. Study Case: GRD1 Filename: SALA#601
Rg GPR
Touch Potential Step Potential
Ground Ground
Resistance Potential Rise Tolerable Calculated Calculated Tolerable Calculated Calculated
Ohm Volts Volts Volts % Volts Volts %
19.597 2940.0 865.5 855.0 98.8 3114.2 694.5 22.3
Maximum Grid Current: 0.150 kA Surface Layer Derating Factor (Cs): 0.862
ETAP PowerStation
Frequency: 50.0
System Data:
Soil Data:
Conductor & Rod Copper, annealed soft-drawn 100.0 0.00393 234.0 1083.0 1.72 3.42
Rod Data:
Grid Configuration:
Cost:
Conductor Rod
Total Total Length Total Total Length Total
No. m Cost No. m Cost Cost
14 435.0 $43,500 4 12.0 $400 $43,900
Project: LIXIVIACION DE SULFUROS
ETAP PowerStation Page: 3
4.7.0C
Location: MINERA ESCONDIDA - PLANTA SX Date: 12-01-2004
Contract: 2325 SN: 88FDI30132
Engineer: FLUOR CHILE S.A. Study Case: GRD1 Filename: SALA#602
Rg GPR
Touch Potential Step Potential
Ground Ground
Resistance Potential Rise Tolerable Calculated Calculated Tolerable Calculated Calculated
Ohm Volts Volts Volts % Volts Volts %
17.074 2732.3 865.5 847.7 97.9 3114.2 508.5 16.3
Maximum Grid Current: 0.160 kA Surface Layer Derating Factor (Cs): 0.862
ETAP PowerStation
Frequency: 50.0
System Data:
Soil Data:
Conductor & Rod Copper, annealed soft-drawn 100.0 0.00393 234.0 1083.0 1.72 3.42
Rod Data:
Grid Configuration:
Cost:
Conductor Rod
Total Total Length Total Total Length Total
No. m Cost No. m Cost Cost
15 410.0 $41,000 4 12.0 $400 $41,400
Project: LIXIVIACION DE SULFUROS
ETAP PowerStation Page: 3
4.7.0C
Location: MINERA ESCONDIDA - PLANTA SX Date: 12-01-2004
Contract: 2325 SN: 88FDI30132
Engineer: FLUOR CHILE S.A. Study Case: GRD1 Filename: SALA#606
Rg GPR
Touch Potential Step Potential
Ground Ground
Resistance Potential Rise Tolerable Calculated Calculated Tolerable Calculated Calculated
Ohm Volts Volts Volts % Volts Volts %
18.638 2982.6 865.5 842.6 97.4 3114.2 644.4 20.7
Maximum Grid Current: 0.160 kA Surface Layer Derating Factor (Cs): 0.862
ETAP PowerStation
Frequency: 50.0
System Data:
Soil Data:
Conductor & Rod Copper, annealed soft-drawn 100.0 0.00393 234.0 1083.0 1.72 3.42
Rod Data:
Grid Configuration:
Cost:
Conductor Rod
Total Total Length Total Total Length Total
No. m Cost No. m Cost Cost
15 275.0 $27,500 4 12.0 $400 $27,900
Project: LIXIVIACION DE SULFUROS
ETAP PowerStation Page: 3
4.7.0C
Location: MINERA ESCONDIDA - PLANTA SX Date: 12-01-2004
Contract: 2325 SN: 88FDI30132
Engineer: FLUOR CHILE S.A. Study Case: GRD1 Filename: INOCULACION
Rg GPR
Touch Potential Step Potential
Ground Ground
Resistance Potential Rise Tolerable Calculated Calculated Tolerable Calculated Calculated
Ohm Volts Volts Volts % Volts Volts %
21.705 8695.8 2,737.1 2709.9 99.0 9847.8 2497.9 25.4
Maximum Grid Current: 0.401 kA Surface Layer Derating Factor (Cs): 0.862
ETAP PowerStation
Frequency: 50.0
System Data:
Soil Data:
Conductor & Rod Copper, annealed soft-drawn 100.0 0.00393 234.0 1083.0 1.72 3.42
Rod Data:
Grid Configuration:
Cost:
Conductor Rod
Total Total Length Total Total Length Total
No. m Cost No. m Cost Cost
11 152.0 $15,200 4 12.0 $400 $15,600
Project: LIXIVIACION DE SULFUROS
ETAP PowerStation Page: 3
4.7.0C
Location: MINERA ESCONDIDA - PLANTA SX Date: 12-01-2004
Contract: 2325 SN: 88FDI30132
Engineer: FLUOR CHILE S.A. Study Case: GRD1 Filename:
SWITCH-HOUSE-NORTE
Rg GPR
Touch Potential Step Potential
Ground Ground
Resistance Potential Rise Tolerable Calculated Calculated Tolerable Calculated Calculated
Ohm Volts Volts Volts % Volts Volts %
24.848 1988.2 865.5 828.6 95.7 3114.2 756.5 24.3
Maximum Grid Current: 0.080 kA Surface Layer Derating Factor (Cs): 0.862
ETAP PowerStation
Frequency: 50.0
System Data:
Soil Data:
Conductor & Rod Copper, annealed soft-drawn 100.0 0.00393 234.0 1083.0 1.72 3.42
Rod Data:
Grid Configuration:
Cost:
Conductor Rod
Total Total Length Total Total Length Total
No. m Cost No. m Cost Cost
12 148.0 $14,800 4 12.0 $400 $15,200
Project: LIXIVIACION DE SULFUROS
ETAP PowerStation Page: 3
4.7.0C
Location: MINERA ESCONDIDA - PLANTA SX Date: 12-01-2004
Contract: 2325 SN: 88FDI30132
Engineer: FLUOR CHILE S.A. Study Case: GRD1 Filename:
SWITCH-HOUSE-SUR
Rg GPR
Touch Potential Step Potential
Ground Ground
Resistance Potential Rise Tolerable Calculated Calculated Tolerable Calculated Calculated
Ohm Volts Volts Volts % Volts Volts %
24.951 1996.4 865.5 820.6 94.8 3114.2 798.5 25.6
Maximum Grid Current: 0.080 kA Surface Layer Derating Factor (Cs): 0.862
ETAP PowerStation
Frequency: 50.0
System Data:
Soil Data:
Conductor & Rod Copper, annealed soft-drawn 100.0 0.00393 234.0 1083.0 1.72 3.42
Rod Data:
Grid Configuration:
Cost:
Conductor Rod
Total Total Length Total Total Length Total
No. m Cost No. m Cost Cost
10 219.8 $21,980 4 12.0 $400 $22,380
Project: LIXIVIACION DE SULFUROS
ETAP PowerStation Page: 3
4.7.0C
Location: MINERA ESCONDIDA - PLANTA SX Date: 12-01-2004
Contract: 2325 SN: 88FDI30132
Engineer: FLUOR CHILE S.A. Study Case: GRD1 Filename: SE-MOVILES-NORTE
Rg GPR
Touch Potential Step Potential
Ground Ground
Resistance Potential Rise Tolerable Calculated Calculated Tolerable Calculated Calculated
Ohm Volts Volts Volts % Volts Volts %
20.676 1654.4 865.5 716.9 82.8 3114.2 404.0 13.0
Maximum Grid Current: 0.080 kA Surface Layer Derating Factor (Cs): 0.862
ETAP PowerStation
Frequency: 50.0
System Data:
Soil Data:
Conductor & Rod Copper, annealed soft-drawn 100.0 0.00393 234.0 1083.0 1.72 3.42
Rod Data:
Grid Configuration:
Cost:
Conductor Rod
Total Total Length Total Total Length Total
No. m Cost No. m Cost Cost
11 292.3 $29,230 4 12.0 $400 $29,630
Project: LIXIVIACION DE SULFUROS
ETAP PowerStation Page: 3
4.7.0C
Location: MINERA ESCONDIDA - PLANTA SX Date: 12-01-2004
Contract: 2325 SN: 88FDI30132
Engineer: FLUOR CHILE S.A. Study Case: GRD1 Filename: SE-MOVILES-SUR
Rg GPR
Touch Potential Step Potential
Ground Ground
Resistance Potential Rise Tolerable Calculated Calculated Tolerable Calculated Calculated
Ohm Volts Volts Volts % Volts Volts %
19.162 1533.2 865.5 582.1 67.3 3114.2 329.6 10.6
Maximum Grid Current: 0.080 kA Surface Layer Derating Factor (Cs): 0.862
FLUOR
ANEXO 3
RESUMEN MEDICIONES DE RESISTIVIDAD EN ESCONDIDA
RESULTADOS CAMPAA DE MEDICIN DE RESISTIVIDAD EN ESCONDIDA (marzo - mayo 2004)
[m] [m] [m] [m] [m] [m] [m] [m] [m] [m]
5 S/E Bombeo 4 30.000 k 0,80 m 800 k 1,60 m 100,0 k 8,00 m - - 4.000 infinito
9 N-115.300 E-13.000 6,5 k 0,40 m 0,1 k 0,80 m 0,8 k 4,80 m - - 200 infinito
10 N-113.000 E-14.200 6,0 k 0,50 m 1,4 k 1,00 m 5,0 k 4,00 m - - 100 infinito
12 S/E Slfuros N-S 15 k 0,50 m 5,0 k 2,50 m 2,5 k 2,50 m - - 230 infinito
13 S/E Slfuros E-O 15 k 0,30 m 5,0 k 2,10 m 2,5 k 5,40 m - - 230 infinito
17 N-111.500 E-20.500 4,5 k 1,00 m 5,0 k 3,00 m 2,0 k 5,00 m - - 120 infinito
18 N-111.500 E-21.500 10 k 0,50 m 6,0 k 1,50 m 0,8 k 2,50 m 3,0 k 10,00 m 200 infinito
19 N-110.500 E-22.300 4,6 k 0,60 m 1,1 k 6,00 m 0,4 k 1,80 m - - 150 infinito
21 S/E Lixiviacin (1) 0,6 k 0,60 m 1,6 k 1,80 m 0,2 k 4,80 m - - 60 infinito
S/E Lixiviacin (1) y (2) son dos posiciones, separadas unos 50 [m] entre s, en el sector asignado a dicha subestacin.
MINERA ESCONDIDA LIMITADA Memoria de Clculo N 2325-0000-265-CS-0007
PROYECTO LIXIVIACIN DE SLFUROS Enero, 2005
PROYECTO N 232500 REV. 0
FLUOR
ANEXO 4
RESULTADOS DEL ANALISIS DE LA INTERCONEXION DE MALLAS DE PUESTA A
TIERRA (CORREO ELECTRONICO DE INGENDESA)
Cesar Pontt To: Jaime Munoz/SN/FD/FluorCorp@FluorCorp
10-06-2004 15:44 cc: Roberto Falck/SN/FD/FluorCorp@FluorCorp
Subject: Envo del resultado del anlisis de la Interconexin de Mallas de
Tierra.Lixiviacin de sulfuros.
.....
.....
Csar:
Atentamente,