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Hypoglycemic symptoms are important clues that you have low blood glucose. Each person's
reaction to hypoglycemia is different, so it's important that you learn your own signs and
symptoms when your blood glucose is low.
The only sure way to know whether you are experiencing hypoglycemia is to check your blood
glucose, if possible. If you are experiencing symptoms and you are unable to check your blood
glucose for any reason, treat the hypoglycemia. Severe hypoglycemia has the potential to cause
accidents, injuries, coma, and death.
Treatment
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Treatment
1. Consume 15-20 grams of glucose or simple carbohydrates
2. Recheck your blood glucose after 15 minutes
3. If hypoglycemia continues, repeat.
4. Once blood glucose returns to normal, eat a small snack if your next planned meal or
snack is more than an hour or two away.
Glucagon
If left untreated, hypoglycemia may lead to a seizure or unconsciousness (passing out, a coma).
In this case, someone else must take over.
Glucagon is a hormone that stimulates your liver to release stored glucose into your bloodstream
when your blood glucose levels are too low. Injectable glucagon kits are used as a medication to
treat someone with diabetes that has become unconscious from a severe insulin reaction.
Glucagon kits are available by prescription. Speak with your health care provider about whether
you should buy one, and how and when to use it.
The people you are in frequent contact with (for example, family members, signicant others, and
coworkers) should also be instructed on how to administer glucagon to treat severe hypoglycemic
events. Have them call 911 if they feel they can't handle the situation (for example, if the
hypoglycemic person passes out, does not regain consciousness, or has a seizure, if the care
taker does not know how to inject glucagon, or if glucagon is not available).
If glucagon is needed:
1. Inject glucagon into the individual's buttock, arm or thigh, following the manufacturer's
instructions.
2. When the individual regains consciousness (usually in 5-15 minutes), they may
experience nausea and vomiting.
3. If you have needed glucagon, let your health care provider know, so they can discuss
ways to prevent severe hypoglycemia in the future.
Do not:
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Hypoglycemia Unawareness
Very often, hypoglycemia symptoms occur when blood glucose levels fall below 70 mg/dl. But,
many people have blood glucose readings below this level and feel no symptoms. This is called
hypoglycemia unawareness. People with hypoglycemia unawareness are also less likely to be
awakened from sleep when hypoglycemia occurs at night.
If you think you have hypoglycemia unawareness, speak with your health care provider. Your
health care provider may adjust/raise your blood glucose targets to avoid further hypoglycemia
and risk of future episodes.
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Medical IDs
Many people with diabetes, particularly those who use insulin, should have a medical ID with them
at all times.
In the event of a severe hypoglycemic episode, a car accident, or other emergency, the medical ID
can provide critical information about the person's health status, such as the fact that they have
diabetes, whether or not they use insulin, whether they have any allergies, etc. Emergency medical
personnel are trained to look for a medical ID when they are caring for someone who can't speak
for themselves.
Medical IDs are usually worn as a bracelet or a necklace. Traditional IDs are etched with basic, key
health information about the person, and some IDs now include compact USB drives that can
carry a person's full medical record for use in an emergency.
If you're new to type 2 diabetes, join our free Living With Type 2 Diabetes program to get help and
support during your rst year.
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