Predessors activity

A
1
2
3
4

6
7
7a

7b

7c

7d

7e

7f

9
Issue of Plot plan (by piping)
as it is one input for DR infor
pack 10
 11

12
13
14

15

16
17
18

19

20

21
22

Issue of PFD , FEED report 1

 2

6
7

8
9

6
 7

10

11

12

13

14

15

16
17

1
Equipmnets list, completion of
site visit as required to take
some details of existing area
 2

7
8

9
10
11

12a

12b
13

14

15

16
All Hazop close out or close out 17
of points which have the
impact on equipment
layout/arrangments, received
of IPF stage PEFS, prelim
vendor details , completion of
modelling part of civil, C&I and
electrical , issue of plot plans
as AFD status & IFR stge Tie in
schedule .

18
19

20

21

22

AFC( holds) stage Plot plan, 23

AFC (hold) PEFS, close out IPF
actionpoints, all vendors
drawinsg with min code B
stamp , issue and approval of
all stres analysis etc.

24
25
 26

27
28

29

AS BUILT ACTIVITY PROCESS (S 30

NO 30 TO 32)

31
32

1
 2

10
11

12

13

14

15

16

F
 1

IFR stage Plot plan ,MDS of 3

equipment data sheets

Stress analysis of all critical 4

lines by piping

IFR stage Plot plan, 5A

Added On 1st Sept 14 5B

Stress analysis of all critical 7

lines by piping

Process dats sheets for ESD

valves & then MDS of ESD
valves
Process dats sheets for
FCV/LCV/PCV

IFR stage PEFS & PDS for

Pressure transmiter, temp
transmiter , pressure guage
etc

IFR stage PEFS, IFR stage 1

Control and safeguarding
narratives (issued by Process)

IFR stage PEFS, site visit 2

collected details , control and
safeguarding narratives

60% Model review , AFD/IPF 3

stage PEFS, Cause and effect
diagram, Control and
safeguarding narratives and
philosphy

1
IFR stage PEFS, site visit a
collected details , control and b
safeguarding narratives & c
philosphies
d
e
2

4
5

6
7
 H

IFR stage PEFS, site visit 1

details IFR stage

1
IFR stage PEFS, site visit a
collected details , Plot plans b
c
d
e
f

4
5

6
7

I
 a

c
d

J
1

2
3
4
5

7
Order of sequence of activitis/ deleiverables in DD&P project
PROCESS DISCIPLINE
Preperation of process flow diagram (PFD) for project SOW(scope of work)
Preperation and issue of basis of design or Design basis or Project design basis ( depend on type of pr
develop the HMBD ( heat mass and balance diagram) for the project & doing other calculation ( like H
Hydraulic simulation/ Line sizing calculation as required to develop the P&ID

Preperation of equipment list based on SOW as it will be required for plot plan development ( identify

Preperation of equipment data sheets in both the case ( whether it is in consultant design or vendor
Preperation of Process data sheets (PDS) for LLI (long lead items) items like :-
ESD- Emergency shut down valves

relief valves/ Pressure releif valves/ safety releif valves

LCV -level control valve

FCV- flow control valve

PCV- pressure control valve

Flow meter like electromagnetic meter, corrolis meter, Water cut meter etc

Prepare the Issued for Review status P&ID ( order --- first prepare/draft , self discipline check and upd
squad check , update squad check comments and finally issue as IFR stage

Preperation of various process philosphy ( like blow down philosphy, emergency shut down philosphy,

Preperation of design review (DR) info pack (Min requirement for DR are - availability of IFR stage PFS
piping), IFR stage Philosphy etc)
Issue the Design review report immediately after DR meeting and thereafter close out of DR action po
points by other diciplines
Updation of all IFR stage documents ( like P&IDS, various philosphy etc which are affecting due to clos
next stage (HAZOP)
Prepare and issue the line list

Preperation of Hazop review info pack (Min requirement for close out DR actions - availability of Issue
HAZARD area classification dwg, Issued for approval (IFA) stage Plot plan ( by piping), IFA stage Philosp

Issue the HAZOP review report and thereafter close out of HAZOP action points

Updation of all documents ( like P&IDS, various philosphy etc) & isue them for Approved for design (IP
Issue IPF stage P&ID and control narratives as required to C&I for conduction of IPF review
During TBA stage ( being done by Mech, piping & C&A) Provding process inputs to various TBA

Once IPF close out done C&A, incorporate IPF close out action points into P&ID and issue them as AFC
/details with code A stamp is not available)

Once all equipment and nozzle size and rating related vendor information a/v , update P&ID and issue

Prepare and issue the O &M ( operation and Maintenace manual) OR update the existing plant manua
Once all construction completed at site, we get the mark up P&ID so AS BUILT done based on red line
team) and update the P&ID and issue the same AS MASTER P&ID to client for their records and data,

Material & CORROSION DISCIPLINE ( M&C)

Provide inputs to BASIS OF DESIGN OR PROJECT DESIGN BASIS

Based on the PFD issued by Process, M&C doing the Hydrocore analysis ( Hydrocore is the software for
0.008 mm/month) based on project fluid and design condition as oulined in client given SOW . Once d
then corrosion allowance is selected ( say 1 mm or 3 mm or 6 mm or sometimes 12 mm) are conside
25 years) and the same corrosion basis is stated in MSR (material selected report) and PFD mark up b
called as MSD ( material selection diagram)
M&C alos selct the basic material ( say carbon steel with 1 or 3 mm corrosion allowance OR SS (stainl
or CRA ( Corrosion resistance alloys) and issue the MSR and MSD as IFR ( issued for review)stage
Based on the client given comments on MSR & MSD , update the MSR /MSD or in case commnets are n
then discuss with the cleint and get agreed /resolved it.
Once all comments update or resolved , issue the MSR/MSD as isued for Approval/use

This MSR /MSD become the basis for all Material requsition and all MRS/ dtata sheets , materials are s
Gives inputs/check about material of construction in various material requsitions ( MR) coming for squ

Preperate the inputs for CP ( corrosion protection ) system like buried drain vessel etc as applicable in
Attend the Design review DR meetings
After some times, once Vendor drawings of all equipments / items received from vendors, review the M
give the commnets so that vendo can incorporate.

MECHANICAL DISCIPLINE ( Static and Rotary)

Provide inputs to BASIS OF DESIGN OR PROJECT DESIGN BASIS

Once PDS recived , Mechnical start the prepration of Mechanical data sheets (MDS) for all the equipme
air coolers, heat exchangers, tanks , drums ( like knock out drum -KOD) etc. For Rotary - it is Pumps, C
( Heating ventilitation and air conditioning) . Generally preperation of EOT MDS comes in the mid of pr
to know during TBA stage of the equipments ) and HVAC MR preperation comes in the last part.
Issue all PREPARED MDS for squad check ( Process, M&C, piping, Electrical, C&I & quality deptt mainly
during squad check, update it and issue as IFR for client review.
Once MDS prepared, start preperation of equipment specification (specfs) as required for MR and issu
update the squad check comments and fially issue as IFR stage.

Once MDS & Specfs prepared, start preperation MR for long lead itesm(LLI) . Typically MR has 4 sect
and basic description, Section 2 - MDS , specfs , section 3 - VDRL (vendor drawings requirments list) a
test plan - where during production of equipment or itesm stage wise inspection is listed ). Once MR p
for squad check and incorporate squad check comments . Finally issue the MR as IFR stge to client rev

Once client comments received on MR , MDS , spcfs etc , update the same and issue it for the next st

Once MR is approved from client , the issue the same MR in next stage Issued for enquiry (IFE) and it g
deptt send it to various identified vendors ( as decided during start of project with client) for getting th
Once procurement received the offers from vendors, they send to concern person ( basically to that d
issued , genrally it is marked to respective discipline lead engineer.)
After received the offers from vendors, Discipline RE ( responsibel engineer as lead can not handle all
Technical bid analysis and generally involves max 3/4 vendors ) and based on the offers , prepare the
inputs/TQ points from all concern discipline ( like in equipments - it is process, M&C, piping, Electrical,
Procurement send it to respective vendors and get the response/ clarification on TQ 1.
Again the same listed point no 7 exercise done and if all points are not answered properly, TQ2 pprear
send to vendors and get the repsonses.
Still all points are not properly addressed , then prepare the TQ 3 and repeat the same exercise. THAT
WEEKS EASILY .
Now all TQ points are addressed and resolved , TBA is prepared and issued to cleint for approval. Once
procurement deptt .
Based on TBA , procurment do the CBA ( coomercial bid analysis) and place the LOI (letter of Intent) to
successful vendor, Procuremnt advise engg the name of successful vendor so that preperation of Purc
started by MR RE and engg team
Once PO specs prepared ( by updating the issued for enquiry MR based on TBA agrred points and ven
( directly) and issue the same to procurment deptt.
Once LOI/PO placed and PO specfs given to supplier ( now successful vendor becomes supplier), then
supplier
Any outstanding points (on PO spec- if any) arediscussed during KOM and vendor gives the presentati
to consultant team and client .

Based on the PO spec section 3 VDRL requirments, start the receiving of vendor document and drawin
approval. Then consultant reviews and make the stamp on each reviewed documents and draiwngs ( a
Supplier again submit the same ( by incorporating the comments ) and after 2/3 review cycle, all docu
documents is pending and not become Code A , then procuremnt deptt ( basically expediter) expedite
balance documents /drawings As soon as possible (ASAP).
Step 1 to 15 is done for all the long lead items / every MR /procured equipments/items .

Point to note that This VDRL cycle goes on ( ~minimum 5/6 months) and it is the most challenging ta
comes in DD stage as FEED does not have TBA/VDR Part) . Due to not submission of all required docum
3 , consultant is bound to issue the AFC ( approved for construction packge ) with HOLDS ( as identifie
once all details are available from vendors, then reAFC package isused (with Hold removal) .

PIPING
Provide inputs to BASIS OF DESIGN OR PROJECT DESIGN BASIS
Piping MRS are -PRV, all manual valves like Gate, globe, check, ball etc, CS pipes, fittings and flanges,
fitting and flanges, CRA pipes fittings and flanges, various couplings, Hoses, nut, bolts , gaskets etc.
Piping also repeat the same acivity as listed above from S no 1 to 15 for all MR , TBA, PO specs and VD
Regarding Drawings and PDMS model development, all activities are as follows:-
Preperation of 2D Plot plan and unit plot plans
Once prepared the plot plan, self discipline check, update commnets and issue for squad check, upd
plot plan and unit plot plans as IFR stge. It is required to issue before start of DR meeting.
and start preperation of PMS (piping material spec
Preperation of key plans for plot plans
P&ID. All piping items data sheets (as required in the respective MR) are prepard

Start 3D PDMS modelling for all equipments ( based on the equipment list details , availability of prev
capacity type of equipments or some prelim equipments foot prints. After this Modelling of all platform
ladders and staircases, handrails etc.

once IFR stage PEFS received, start modelling of major piping routing in PDMS and interconnecting pi
Based on IFC stage PEFS, prepare the Piping bulk MTO and issue the same to procurement.
Based on this MR, prepare all pipimng items MR and issue them for procurement. All activities as liste
repeated.
After completion of DR and close out points ( not necesasary all points but as a min close out of DR ac
equipment size/details ( other wise Plot plan and equipment modelling will get change), conduct 30%
30% model review is to finalize the PLot plan or equipment layout.
After completion of 30% model review, issue the 30% model review report to all concern disciplines a
Start updating the 30% model review comments into PDMS model or plot plan and in case of commne
and get resolved the commnets and update the model.
After this , modeling and routi ng of all lines ( 2" and above size), preperation of nozzle orienattion ( a
Start doing the piping stress analysis ( based on the piping layout for all critical lines) and issue the st
Modelling of all the pipe suuports based on issued pipe stress analysis reports into the PDMS model

Once stress analysis completed , pipe suuport modelled for all critical lines,

Update the Plot plans and unit plot plans based o some vendor input and HAZOP close out sheets/PEF
design status). Also based on Hazop/IPF stage PEFS and modelling done, prepare and isuse the Interm
procurement.
Civil work is alos to be completed ( as a min as listed right hand side) prior to start of 60% modle revi

C& I alos to do the modeeling the items ( as stated in right hand side), prior to start of 60% Modle rev

Electreical also to do the modeleing and complet the work prior to start of 60% Model review

update the model based on prelim vendors details based on agreed cut off date for receiving the vend
orientation, equipment arrangements etc)
Conduct 60% Modle review with client ( basically we go on line by line for 2" and above sizes, that is
60% Model review is finailise the pipe routing of all 2" and above sizes and froze the model. Also at t
conduct one day secession on CONSTRUCTABILITY REVIEW MEETING in presence of Construction tea
is aware about the project ( what AFC is going to recieve) and any inputs/ points related to constructio
that engg team take the necessary action and modify their design.

Issue the 60% model review report to all concern disciplines

Strat updating the 60% modle review action points and ask all disciplines to close the 60% Model rev

Start reviewing the VDR of all Mechanical MR ( as by this time all equipments MR issued Vendor drawi
of C&I items (like ESD, FCV, PCV, LCV & flow meters etc), and based on the various equipment and ite
accordigly
During this periods , all civil, C&I & Electrical disciplines come for squad check and it is the heavy loa
required to mobilise and this is the peak period. In histograme, it is the showing the peak duration (~3

Once IPF ( instrument protective function meeting or I India it is called as SIL review ( safeguarding me
meeting . PEFS alos updated based on IPF close out and issued for AFC (holds) and it become the bas

Issue of AFC (Hold) plot plans and unit plot plans

90% Model review is all about quickly discussion/go through on the outstanding pending/balance poin
below 2" pipe size routing, and all bance work of C&I. It can be say that 90% is mainly related to pipin

Clos out of all 90% modle review action points and update the 3D PDMS model accordungly.
Isuse the AFC stage Tie in schedule
Extract the piping isometrics from 3D PDMS model and check and issue directly as AFC

Finally prepare and issue the Final stage of Piping Bulk MTO
Sometimes piping GA drawings ( general arrangements) are not required as AF deliverables if consult
construction team . If still required to construction team, piping extract the piping GA from the 3D PMD

Once all Piping AFC deleiverables issued ( Tie in schedule, MTO, Iosmetrics & piping GA ) and based o
construction contractor start construction actvities and finally fabricate, NDT testing, erct, precoomisi
over to Client
After completion of construction activitis , construction contractor do the red line mark up on AFC issu
changes which has been done during erection and commisisoning ) and send to Consultant for AS BU

After receiving the red line mark up drawings ( mainly isos), consultant update the 3D PDMS model ac
Once PDMS model is AS BUILT, the same model is handed over to Client for their records and data .

PIPELINE DISCIPLINE
Piping is basically the ON PLOT PIPING and governing code is ASME B31.3 , where as Pipeline is OFF P
B31.4 or ASME B31.8.
One example for Viji understanding is - crude oil export Line coming from Gujrat to IOC Mathura plant
under PIPELINE and from IOC mathura plant fence to inside upto Tank farm area is called ON PLOT an
(American society of mecanical engineers).
Provide inputs to BASIS OF DESIGN OR PROJECT DESIGN BASIS
Pipeline MRS are - CS line pipe, bar tees, GRE lines ( glass reinforced epoxy ). Also pig launcher and p
prepration of mechanical data sheets of ESD valves ( coming on pipeline ) are prepared and issued by
mechnical data sheets and prepare teh MR for ESD valves.
Pipeline also repeat the same acivity as listed above in Mechnical from S no 1 to 15 for all MR , TBA, P
Regarding Drawings and PDMS model development, all activities are as follows:-
First activity is PIPELINE ROUTE SELECTION STUDY - So go to site and collect the datas. Basically it is O
plot site, see/walk along the expected pipeline route and sees the surrounding and in between things
( like roads, wadis, crossing, small rivers, slopes, small mountains etc).
After site visit, Pipeline deptt prepare/update the pipeline route selection study (based on site visit obs
check and after updating the squad check comments, pipeline deptt issued itfor client approval.
Based on this route selection report, pipeline prepared the survey scope of work (SOW). Survey is req
the way of pipeline routing - elevation and proper distance wise which pipeline deptt can not do by se
roads, wadis, crossing, small rivers, slopes, small mountains etc).
Once survey done and survey reports are available , pipeline updates the pipeline route selection repo

In the mean time ( during intial development of plot plan being develped by piping for ON PLOT PART
location of PIG LAUNCHER AND PIG RECEIVER .
For the OFF plot part, Pipeline prepares the Plot plan ( showing the location of pig launcher -if it is com
TEE ) and isuse them IFR- for client review. Later on it becomes the AFD and finally AFC stage.
Pipeline start wall thickness calculation for line pipe material and issue the report. Also Pipeline prepa
specification) for their part in the similar fashion as piping do . PMS is collection of all piping class bein
pipe class tells about it is class 150# and tem is 200 degree C as it will be mentioned in the respective
i forget to write in piping section. It is started immediately after receipt of IFR stge P&ID.

Once line pipe wall thickness calculation is approved, pipeline deptt start preperation of line pipe mat
etc. For MR , all activities are repeated as listed in Mechnical S no 1 to 15 .
After this pipeline deptt starts prepration of Pipeline ALIGNMENT SHEETS AND STATION APPROACH DR
checked, squad check and udating the squad check commnets, sent to client for review and later in n

After this pipeline deptt starts prepration of Pipeline MTO as it will be required for issue the MR for Line
Then pipeline starts stress analysis for their pipeline routing, stress analysed and gve the pipe suupor
civil for support design ( civil required the location & type ( mainly three types of supports- Resting, gu
which comes from pipeline GA drawings , load on each support which comes from pipeline stress anly
squad check to Pipeline deptt and once suqad check, comments updated abd civil issue the pipe suup
Similar process is for all the pipe supports for piping part.

Once stress analysed, pipeline prepared the Pipeline GA for some part ( nearby the On plot part mainl
and for rest of the part ( as pipelines are in KM) , it is installed and erect based on pipeline alignment

Similar is for Pipeline isometrics only. A few pipeline isometrics are issued ( for pig launcher and pig re
as installation will be done based on Pipeline alignment sheets.
This is the reason, pipeline PDMS model development part is less ( PDMS is only for On plot part and f
care by piping design team based on pipeline GA drawings.
So for Pipeline AFC package is - AFC stge pipeline alignment sheets, station approach drawings, pipeli
( few), MTO, and some standard pipeline drawings (like crossing of wadis,, pipeline for road crossing e
Once erection and commissiong done, As built comes and it is done as defined in Piping part ( From S
also in pipeline .

CIVIL DISCIPLINE
Provide inputs to BASIS OF DESIGN OR PROJECT DESIGN BASIS
For Civil and structural , there is no MR. Only Survey scope of work is preared for project area grading
steel is procured by construction contractor based on the AFC issued drawings and BOQ .
Regarding Drawings and PDMS model development, all activities are as follows:-

Once the IFR stage plot plan is issued , civil start the preperation of area fencing and grading GA draw
sent to squad check, update the squad check comments, issued for IFR and later on IFA. AFC will be is
Once IFR stage plot plans are issued and equipment and their platform are modelled ( prior to 30% m
design and modelling of equipment platform based on the certain design and standard loads and issu
vendor drawings and details ( basically design loads), platforms drawings are updated and issued as
Regarding the Interconnecting pipe rack -intially piping gives the loaction of anchor bay and anchor lo
requirements ( nearly around 30% mode review stage time) to civil and based on it, civil design and m
PDMS and issue the interconnecting pipe rack structural drawings as IFR.
After this piping do the stress analysis for all critical lines ( prior to 60% model review)and issue the fin
interconnecting pipe rack) to civil, then civil recalculate and verify their earlier design and update the
after receipt of vendor drawings /details, Civil update the model and issue the AFC drawings.

Similar is the case for equipment and interconnecting pipe rack foundation drawings- Once IFR stage
foundation drawings for equipments , platforms and interconnecting pipe rack based on standard lo
approved vendor drawings loads for similar equipments in the past executed projects) .
Similar is the case for Pumps sheds structure steel design and drawings. Once IFR stage Plot plan is is
design the pumps shed and control room building . Later after availability of vendor drawings ( like pu
coming in the pump shed , electrical panels drawinsg as required for finalization of control room buildi
updated ( base don vendor inputs/drawings) and issued as AFC package.
Later after receipt of vendor drawings (code A stamped of current project), interconnecting piperack fo
redesign and issue the AFC drawings .
Similar is the case for all pipe support drawings - Once all critical stress analysis is issued by piping to
index (issued by piping) and based on the stress analysis loads ( for each pipe supports , loads are m
model review ) IFR stage Pipe supports drawings are prepared by ciivil and then once stress anlysis is
supports drawings are issued by civil.
Once all drawings are issued , the civil and structural BOQ is calculated and issued

CONTROL & AUTOMATION ( C&I) DISCIPLINE

Provide inputs to BASIS OF DESIGN OR PROJECT DESIGN BASIS
For Control & instrumentation , there are MR for LLI and other items.
LLI MR are - ESD valves, FCV valves, PCV valves, LCV valves, Flow meters, Rota meters, red eye meter
automation controller supplier)
Other bulk items MR are Temperature switches, pressure switches, pressure, temp & level transmiters
glands, cable trays, H2S sensors and detectors etc

Regarding the ESD MR ( prepared by C&I), only predessor activity for this is the Mechnical data sheet
ESD valves , C&I start preperation of MR ( section 1 -where only tag number, item description and qty
Data sheets, C&I specification & attachment of PDS & MDS, section 3- VDRL requirments ( vendor draw
Quality and stage wise inspection details are provided )
Regarding the PCV/FCV/LCV, Flow meter , Rota meters, Red eye meters MR ( prepared by C&I), only pr
sheet (PDS) and once PDS is issued for all PCV/FCV/LCV valves, All types of flow meters , C&I start pr
tag number, item description and qty are defined, section 2 - preperation of C&I Data sheets, C&I spec
VDRL requirments ( vendor drawings requirements list ) and section 4- Quality and stage wise inspect

Regarding Other bulk items C&I MR (prepared by C&I) are like Temperature switches, pressure switc
pressure guages, C&I cables, cable glands, cable trays, H2S sensors and detectors, CCTV camera etc

For Control & instrumentation , regarding the DD package ( documents) these are as listed below:-

a. Preperation of Safeguarding philosphy and issue

b. Preperation of Control philosphy and issue

Preperation of Cause and effect (C&E) Diagram ( prepared by C&I ).

a. Preperation of IPF infor package

b. Conduction of IPF/SIL review
c. Issue of IPF/SIL report
d. Close out report of SIL/IPF review action points.

For Control & instrumentation , regarding the DD package ( drawings ) these are as listed below:-
Preperation of IFR stage Intruments Hook up drawings ( ~ 1500 or 2000 instrumnet hook diagrams of
Preperation of IFR stage cable block diagram
Preperation of IFR stage various loop diagram ( ~ 1000 numbers A4 sheets size diagram )
Preperation of IFR stage cable termination schedule
Preperation of IFR stage Function logic diagram
Input and PDMS modelling of C&I parts (like H2S Detactors and sensors, Cable trench and cable tray la
and input for Control room layout.
Give the Input for 90% Modle review and complete the 90% Model review ( as 90% model review is m
1/2", 3/4". 1" & 1.5" piping) and for instrumentation parts ( like location of pressure and temp transmi
tray routing , location of varroius switches , routing of c&i tubings ( tubing is called basically piping be
not the piping and it is related to C&I )
Close out of 90% Modle review points (related to C&I)
After that Issue the C&I AFC package ( like AFC stage Control room layout, instrumnet hook up diagram
diagram , cable termination schedule, function logic diagram ).
Isuse the Bulk MTO for C&I items
Once AFC package is issued , then input to C4/C6 for Construction contractor SOW package.
ELECTRICAL DISCIPLINE
Provide inputs to BASIS OF DESIGN OR PROJECT DESIGN BASIS

For Electrical , there are MR for LLI and other items.

LLI MR are - Transformers , Electrical heaters, Electrical switchgears, MCC room /panels , High tension
Other bulk items MR are LV (low votage ) wires/cables, cable glands & lugs , earthing wires etc.
Motors are NOT seperately procured as it will be comes along with the Packages ( like Pumps, compre

For Electrical , regarding the DD package ( documents) these are as listed below:-

a. Preperation of cathodic protection (CP) SOW ( scope of work) for buried vessels or Buried pipe lines
b. Preperation of survey HT cable /Over head Wire routing SOW .

For Electrical , regarding the DD package ( drawings ) these are as listed below:-
Preperation of IFR stage SLD ( single line diagram) drawings for the project
Preperation of HT wire /Overhead wire route (33 KV or 131 KV )map study as it will be used for intial r
Preperation of IFR stage cable trench routing drawings
Preperation of IFR stage cable termination schedule
Preperation of Electrical area lighting drawings
Preperation of swich gear room & control room layout

Input and PDMS modelling of Electrical items (like HT & LV Cable trench and cable tray layout , Area li
lighting coming on roads and around fences etc) and input for Control room layout.
Give the Input for 60% and 90% Model review and complete the 60% & 90% Model review ( as 90% m
2" sizes lime 1/2", 3/4". 1" & 1.5" piping) and for electrical parts ( like location of all transformers, ele

Close out of 60% and 90% Modle review points (related to electrical )
After that Issue the Electrical AFC package ( like AFC stage switch gear and Control room layout, SLD ,
layouts, cable termination schedule ).
Isuse the Bulk MTO for Electrical items
Once AFC package is issued , then input to C4/C6 for Construction contractor SOW package.

PROCESS SAFETY/ TECHNICAL SAFETY/ HSE ( HEALTH ,

ENVIRONMENT) DISCIPLINE
Provide inputs to BASIS OF DESIGN OR PROJECT DESIGN BASIS
Process safety/ technical safety or HSE - All are the names of one discipline
For this discipline , there are NO LLI items and therefore NO MR .
This disciplne main work is to do the some process safety calculation and give the inputs in all discipl
aspects. Major activities are as follows:-

In case of Flare study , do the H2S DISPERSION STUDY/CALCULATION (through some software) and the
the flare stack. Generally it is 60 mtr or 90 mtr sterlite radius ( a circle of radius where fence is provide
body can enter into flare stack ZONE ) and this becomes the inputs for development of Plot plans/ uni

Do the Fire study model of the Plant ( considering the case of fire in the plant) and identify the spacin
valves location ( say min 25 mtr away from the critical equipments which can easily got fired due to h
the input for Plot plan develoment.

Conduct the HAZID ( hazard identification ) review meeting and close out the HAZID action points
Give the Input to DESIGN REVIEW AND HAZOP REVIEW MEETINGS AND Close out the action points rela
safety/HSE discipline
While doing the Fire model study of the plant, give the inputs to Civil and Piping where Fire proofing is
rack structures.
Identify the H2S entrapped Zone in the plant/model and advise the Piping /process / Civil disciplines t
entry into the H2S entraped zone by providing the Door lock , provision of purging arrangments ( thro
that after shut down all the entrapped H2S in equipments/ piping/pipelines can be purge and vented t
Maintenace activity for that particular partion etc).
Input all the HSE requirments into C4/C6 for Construction contractor SOW package ( to be taken while

QUALITY DISCIPLINE
This discipline DOES NOT ENTER THE INPUTS into BOD ( Basis of Design)
Also Quality disciplines DOES NOT GENERATE ANY MR. Only preperation of section 4 ( quality and sta
MR ( prepared by other disciplines )is done by Quality deptt.
Simarly Quality deptt gives the Inputs into TBA process and provide inputs into TQ (as asked during T

Once TBA completed, and Procument advise the successful bidder to engg (for preperation of Purchas
prepare the section 4 and give to Engg ( respective discipline whose is the RE( responsible enginneer)
of PO spec ( PO specfs also have section 1, section 2, section 3 & setion 4- in the similar fashion as en
changes/updation in enquiry issued MR ( all 4 sections based on the agreed TQ points and details dur
and then it becomes the PO specification .
Main Role of Qulity deptt is to prepare the ITP ( inspection test plan ) for all MR OR REVIEW the each I
the ITP , Stagewise inspection details are listed ( like in case of Pumps order, first inspection of raw ma
casting is completed for pump body, the inspection of pump body casting, stagewise inspection of bo
inpection etc). Some times in ITP ( these stage wise inspections are Witness and HOLD points means,
purchaser nominee or purchaser appointed thrird party ( TPI) will come to vendors works when the pu
inspection /witness and if TPI found the quality of pump body casting is not matching with the casting
approved ITP), then the whole lot of casting is REJECTED and pump suppier has to repeat the casting o
Through these ITP & TPI ( at vendors works) quaity deptt ensure the Quality of the MR product . Later
of the items or functional test are perfomed at vendor works and after satisfactory result, these are dr

Quality also approved the vendor submitted welding and NDT ( non destructive testing )related proce
the any welding at vendor works, all welding procudure specification (commonly known as WPS) and p
known as PQR) as welding wil be done by ASME section IX qualified welders are submitted by respecti
approved by Quality. Once Code A of the WPS/PQR is received by vendor, then only the fabrication/ w
are performed at vendors work and witness by TPI ( third party inpection ).

Qulaity also audit to engg team ( during detail design and Engg Phase) and ensures that quality proce
excel and drawings formats in the design and Engg calculations like formats of MR , TBA & using of a
plan, GA & isometrics and calculations)are being follewed or NOT. Other example of quality procedure
MR or Drawing , it has been self checked by dsicipline , sent to squad check or NOT and updates on a
comments are not updated in the issued drawings/documents, then it should be discussed with the co
get the agreemnet for not incorporating into the design/ dwg, prior to issue the document/dwg) etc.
Successor activity Acivity relation

Start of Plot plans and unit Plot plans SS with some lag
FS
Start of MDS ,specfs,& MR of equipements

Start of MDS ,specfs,& MR of equipements FS

Start of MDS ,specfs,& MR of equipements FS

Start of C&I DS ,specfs,& MR of equipements FS

Start of C&I DS ,specfs,& MR of equipements FS

Start of C&I DS ,specfs,& MR of equipements FS

Start of C&I DS ,specfs,& MR of equipements FS

After rceived the IFR stage PEFS, piping start the FS

preperation of various LLI piping items MR ( like Ball
valves, Globe valve, Gate valves, check valves, Long
lead items CRA pipes, fittings and flanges etc.
Strart 30% Model review preperation and after close PDMS modelling work
out of DR actions ( main points affecting equipments started after issuing
sizing ) and conductes 30% Model review the Plot plan

Once HAZOP close out is completed ( related points

mainly affecting the piping layout points and
equipments sizing/arrangements ) , piping start
preperation of 60% Modle review

Once IPF done and close out , the 90% Model review is
conducted.
Preperation of piping material specification (PMS) like
pipe class 11440X, 31440X and all manual valve data
sheets etc.

FS

FS

FS

FS

FS

FS

FS
FS

FS

FS

FS

FS
 Once equipment modelling completed wity platform,
piping inform to Civil to start designing of structal
steel platform and remodel it based on their design
requirments.

MR like seperator, vessels KOD etc) .

Once stress system wise Pipe suuport modelling is

done, piping inform to civil to design the pipe suuports
and remodel it based on theie civil structure design
outcomes.
All other diciplines like Civil, C&I and electrical are also
asked to do and comple the modelling of their part so
that piping can conduct the 60% model review.
FF

FF

FF
30% Model review

60% Model review

30% Model review

60% Model review

Again procurement cycle is Issue The MR - get the

offers- Do the TBA - Isuse the TBA report - Prepare the
PO specfs -and then Vendor drawing review
Again procurement cycle is Issue The MR - get the
offers- Do the TBA - Isuse the TBA report - Prepare the
PO specfs -and then Vendor drawing review

Again procurement cycle is Issue The MR - get the

offers- Do the TBA - Isuse the TBA report - Prepare the
PO specfs -and then Vendor drawing review

First issue the IFR stge and then Approved /Isssue for
use stage Documents

First issue the IFR stge and then Approved /Isssue for
use stage Documents

First issue the IFR stge and then Approved /Isssue for
use stage Documents
First issue the IFR stge and then Approved /Issue for
use stage Documents .
In case of Survey SOW , once it is surveyed then no
need o issue it again.
Owner of MR or RE Other Point to be note

Piping

Mechanical- Static or Rotary

C&I C&I start preperation of

ESD valve MR after
received the PDS & MDS
( by piping) .
Piping

C&I

C&I

C&I

C&I

Piping
Piping
Mechanical

Mechanical

Mechanical

Mechanical

Mechanical

Mechanical

Mechanical
Mechanical

Mechanical

Mechanical

Mechanical

Mechanical
 Civil Civil main work is - design
and Model all equipment
foundations, all equipments
platforms, all
intercoonceting pipe rack ,
all ladders, stairs, pipe
suuports for all critical line
and have the impact on
pipe rack design, all pumps
sheds design and
modelling, all control room
building design and
modelling etc.

C&I Modelling of C&I trenches,

their layout , routing of
instrument cable trays ,
location of all sensors, fire
and gas dectors locations
in the plant ,modelling of
all inline instrumnet items
etc

Electical Modelling of electrical

cable treanches,
Trasformers, all elcrical
panels , (motors of pumps
and compressors will be
modelled by piping as
coming in one
skid/package), electrical
cable trays, area lighting
etc.

Piping
Code A - Approved and no
commnets., Code B- in
coporate comments and
resubmit the document for
approval and work may
proceed, Code C- review
not required and document
is only for Info and Code D -
submitted documents is
rejected and vendor to
update and submit it
freshly.
It is due to the fact that
Isos has been extracted
from 3D PDMS model and
PDMS model has already
gone for 3 stage review .

It is due to the fact that

piping GA has been
extracted from 3D PDMS
model and PDMS model
has already gone for 3
stage review .
Note to
Viji :-

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Viji to note
Viji- Please note that I am giving the answers by explaining all the required details so that you can und
are very long but during interview, you have to give the answers short, precisely and accurately. So hi
speak during tele interview.

When we say we have completed FEED , What are main FEED ( process, M&C , mech & piping) deliver
At the end of FEED , main FEED deleiverables are - MSR, MSD, BOD, Plot plans and Unit plans (Aprove
sheets , specifications, MR of package items ( like injection Compressore package , TEG package ) Pro
Hazop , process philosphy (Shut down philosphy,, operating philosphy etc), line list, equipment list, de
size 4" and above), close out report of 30%, 60% and 90% model review , stress analysis of critical lin
Mechanical tie in schedule , piping FEED stage MTO and FEED report

What about the main Pipeline FEED deliverables-

Yes, in case of Pipe line FEED deliverables, basically it is site visit reports, pipe line survey reports, pip
alignment sheets, pipeline stress analysis report , pipeline station aproach drawings, mechanical data
FEED stage MTO & LLI items requsition like GRE ( glass reinforced epoxy) and Carbon steel line pipe e

What about the main civil FEED deliverables-

Yes, in case of civil & structural FEED deliverables, basically it is interconnecting pipe rack structural d
support drawings (only typical) , FEED stage BOQ, input to FEED reports
What about the main C&I FEED deliverables-
Yes, in case of C&I FEED deliverables, basically it is SIL closure report, control philosphy, safeguardin
LLI items like PCV, FCV, LCV, ESD, flowmeters etc, LLI items MR like MAC (Main automation package),
diagrams, control room layout , FEED stage C&I MTO and input to FEED reports
What about the main Electrical FEED deliverables-
Yes, in case of Electrical FEED deliverables, basically it is preperation of requsitions for LLI items like
SLD (single line diagram) , electrical trench layout drawings, preperation of CP SOW document ( cath
by third party), FEED stage electrical MTO and input to FEED reports

If we have to relase the AFC package in the end of FEED, what package it will be -
OK, If there are any piping tie ins points in the FEED report which are required to execute early ( mea
planned shut down comming in next 4/5 months and hook up of some tie in points ( like tapping from
steam line , tapping from main AP flare line etc, otherwise complete plant is to be shut down for takin
come say ~1.5 years later and difficult to execute at that stage, then client ask to produce an Early tie
stage AFC package deleiverables as it will be isused later only after completion of DD ), Then in FEED
IN PACKAGE ( where main process AFC stage deliverables are - P&ID for early tie in points, shut dow
deleiverables are - Tie in schedule , piping isometrics for all early tie in points, pipe GA for early tie in
flanges and isolation valves ) and procurement cycle upto PO placement ( preperation of MR, TBA & p
valves). Also some pipe supports drawings are required for these early tie in package ( based on pipin
AFC deliverables.

What are the different phases of the project

Mainly project has three phases :-
1. Conceptual or BFD ( basis for design ) phase - where a conceptual basic schemes, design basis, hig
expected design pressure, design temp , sour service considerations etc requirements in the project a
plan and high level MTO and high level project cost ( mainly related to engg and procurment cost for t
and documents become the basis for next phase of project (Called FEED phase).

2. After conceptual phase or BFD phase Front end design (FEED) phase started and as compared to BF
is done. In the FEED phase, all disciplines comes into role but main role are again Process and process
schemes/P&ID , updation of BFD stage MSR in more details and covering all the equipments and items
operation and control philosphy in detail etc. Also from Mechinical side, it is preperation of all LLI equ
stgae Plot plan, FEED MTO (for piping it is called as material take off -MTO or BOM -Bill of material), ti
preperation of Early tie in AFC package (for disciplines -process+ piping and civil). In the same fashion
equipments and items, issue of BOQ (called bill of quantities for electrical , C&I and civil disciplines )
sometimes, client ask to give the project cost at the end of FEED , it is basically Engg DD cost and pro
getting the cost eatimate bids from suitable suppliers for all LLI items and then consultant sum up all
differnt bidders for LLI and for bulk items , cost estimated based on some thumps up rule basis) and
also prepared and it is commly known as C4 &C6 report.

Once FEED complete, client get the project cost and BOM quantities ( say at the order of 90% accrura
drawing/ Feed deliverables are at Approved for Design AFD stage at theend of FEED . Incase of all LL
FEED , LLI MR are issued for Enquiry stage. Hence with this so much of project detaisl, client issue the
procurement phase) , evalute the consultant offers and compare their core competancy and later base
consultant who is technically qualified and cost is lower among all offers )is selected by client and clie
phase. This is the process for awarding the DD&P phase of the project to consultant. That is why gen
report and awarding of DD&P phase to consultant.

Last phase of the project is Detail design (DD). In Detail design, we basically relese the AFC (approve
documents) and procure the materials ( prepare/update the MR, TBA , Preperation of PO spec and VD
phase ( details design and procurement). Detail design can not be completed with out doing the procu
vendors details. Hence DD always comes with procurement. In detail design , we basically update th
P&ID, PFD, BOD, philosphy ) with complete details and issue all the documents . Once vendor inputs/d
cycle), we update these documents and issue as AFC stage. At the end of DD&P, client has all the pro
wise. Based on it consultant prepare again the contruction tender document (called as C4/ C6 ), which
construction parties. Again client evaluates the contruction parties based on their offer and select the
order and the construction party becomes the construction contractor. Now onwards, construction con
any technical query, construction contractor prepares the query (called as site query) and send it to c
and send back to contruction contractors. This is way by which consultants provide the support to site

What are the main reviews in FEED phase of project

In the FEED phase, main reviews are as follows:-
Design reviews, 30% Model review, Hazop review, 60% Model review, SIL review, 90% Model review a
document).

What is difference between FEED & DD (activities wise)

In FEED , only LLI MR has been prepared and it is upto the stage of Issued for Enquiry and not all the M
In FEED , Plot plans and other documents are issued as AFD status.
In FEED , complete detailing is not done and so many documents are issued with Holds ( due to not av
In FEED, 3D PDMS modelling is also not done for below 4" piping ( as per FEED defination - only 4" and
that is why, FEED MTO does not count the piping items which are less then 4" sizes.
In FEED, there is only Typical pipe suuports drawings are issued, where as in DD all pipe suports drawi
pipe supports are there in DD , then in FEED typical pipe suuports say ~40/50 types of pippe suuports

Where as in detail design , we issue all the MR ( which are required to procure on the project), get the
( purchase order preperation)and do the VDR ( vendor drawings reviews) and do stage wise inspection
( inspection and test plan).
Other activities which are not done in FEED, are also done in DD&P project.
All documents issued in the end of DD&P phase are either Approved/ issued for use status ( like MSR,
( approved for construction ).
AS BUILT activity comes only when construction contractor has completed the construction and chang
mark on the issued AFC drawings ( like P&ID, piping isos, plot plan , piping GA, electrical drawings , C&
Based on this RED LINE MARK UP, consultant updates the 3D PDMS model and documents and issue t
whole process is called as AS BUILT ACTIVITY.

What is the weightage of engg, procurement and construction in EPC project

In the EPC project, Engg has cost weightage ~8 to 10%, procurement has ~50% and construction has

What type of Milestone you consider in the PRIMAVERA

Sir - Generally we consider Finish Milestone while preparing the WBS .
Milestone two types- One is Start type and other one is Finish Mile stone ( say if we define Design rev
review must be finsihed by 30th Dec 14)
Note to Viji
:-
Viji-

Q
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Q
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Q
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a
b
c

INITIAL
CHECKING
STAGE

PREPERATION
STAGE
Self Checking
the schedule

OR

Q
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a.

b
c

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Q
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Further for Viji

understanding
only

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Viji to
understand

Viji to Note

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Viji to Note
( for example)
Q
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Viji -When Only
asked , then
tell, otherwise
NO

Q
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Viji- Please note that I am giving the answers by explaining all the required details so that you can und
my answers are very long but during interview, you have to give the answers short, precisely and acc
which you have to speak during tele interview.
Please note that All EPC, EPCM, E&P, EMC, PMC are business starategy terms in the engg project exec
follows:-

Experiece in EPC /EPCM

Yes, sir, I have the 18 years of experience in Engg and procurement. Here in Arvind , we have the in h
looks after the various expansion cum modification/ brownfiled projects of whole Arvind group.Myself
and engg utilities division and report to GM -engg. . I am the basically the interface between disciplin
responsible for project planning of detail design engg and procurement phase of the project. We in ho
AFC packages and procured the materials and handover the same AFC deliverables to Arvind Contruct
construction ). Also we provide the construction support during erection and commissioning phase.

EPC project is those project where Engg, procurement and construction is done by one consultant ( lik
E&P project are those where client give the Engg and procurement of the project to the consultant an
Materials receipt at site, client award the construction phase to other party and contruction is done by

EPCM is the Engg, procurement and construction management . Where client award one consultant t
once AFC deliverables and materials receipt at site, other party will do the construction but contructio
done by same consultant ( construction & COMMISSIONING means - Fabrication, installation, erection,
at site, hydrotesting, pre-commissioning, commissining and finally hand over the plant to client ) .

Are you aware about EMC

EMC- is engg maintenace contract and it is awarded by client for his plant ( or number sof plant based
(for a longer period say 3 or 5 years) who also has the construction wing. Thus for that time duration (
years) for any brownfield or expansion projects or number of expansion or brownfield prjects (come w
go any consultant ( every time) and ask the EMC awarded consultant to give the Engg MH for the give
engg MH to client and based on the negotiation, client awards the project to consultant and consultan
consultant have the dedicated EMC team ( ~100 or 150 persons in engg & procurment )for the award
.Once AFC deliverables are issued , the same excersice is repeated ( client ask construction wing/ con
AFC package and based on the negotiation , it is awared to construction team)for contruction and com

Are you aware about FCP projects

Yes sir, FCP is basically field change proposal projects - smallprojects ( like change of any pressure tran
of one isolation valve kind of projects). This FCP is initiated/ generated by Plant O&M ( operation and m
consultant to give teh AFC deliverables and procure the items. Once AFC produced and items procure
team ( mobilised under EMC contract) and contruction team contruct the project.

Are you aware about the term PMC projects

Yes sir, it is project management contract. When client do not have the proper engg manpower at his
consultant who can moniter the all three phase of the project ( engg, procurement and construction p
Under PMC , PMC awarded consultant act like a client ( on behalf of actual client) to the EPC or E&P co
approve all the documents/drawings on their behalf.

Knowledge in planning
Yes, sir, I am working as senior Manager in engg utilities division from the last 18 years and I have the
planning and control. IF I summarise the project Planning , then I will say it is broadly understanding th
its objective and based on it develope the mechanism to achieve it during project execution . Earlier
Time and Resource (Basically CTR) , But now a days it is more refined as it consist mainly 6 constituen
Budget(cost), Resource and Risks

Basically it can be understood like this - Planning Main four constituents are Cost , Time and resources
the traingle shape and circle inscribe this traingle is know as circle of quality. If we change any constu
change. Say for example for a given project, if we increase the resources on the project , then time wi
quality may also be affect ( may improve or detrotiate as it depends on time frame and quality of reso
tool through which we balance all these constiuents and balance them so that we got the desired resu
resources and meeting the required quality. I hope that i am able to explain it properly.

How you develope the project schedule at the project starting

Sir , when the project starts, we develop the project schedule and for developing it, we required the b

Client given project SOW and its phase ( FEED or DD&P). (Say /consider that it is DD & P phase)
Approved disciplines wise MH estimate for DD&P projects
Discipline wise DDL ( drawing deliverables list) prepared by each discipline based on SOW
Client inputs like agreement of WBS structure , mile stone considerations etc(which mile stones are t
L3 lvel based schedule) etc.

Once we got all these inputs, we just go through it and match that all activities /DDL listed in disciplin
given SOW or not or is there any major activity /deliverables missed by discipline in their MH estimate
missed deliverables, it is coverd by disciplines MH estimate under assumption /exclusions or not. Also
and DDL match with each other or not. In case, there is any mismatching, we highlighted it to Project
get it resolved through discussions with PE & respective discipline.

Sir, coming back to preperation of project schedule , first we define the project in PRIMAVERA P6 ( lik
working days or calenders, national festival time etc) and the we define the WBS ( work break down s
based on client agreed WBS structure.
Then we entered all the activities ( based on the discipline MH estimates and DDL )in P6 based on WB
activities with activity duration and start and finish dates. Once this is completed, we add the mileston
and consultant) and run the schedule ( by pressing F9 button).
Once scheduling is done, we take the print out and then we go through it in details ( like see when the
meeting the client given end dates or not, check the activity relationship, check the duration, check t
identify the major activities which are causing for shifting the end date to right side, check the Finish m
the client requirments or not etc.

Also we can get the schedule check by running the LOG RUN in PRIMAVERA itself . Here PRIMAVERA te
activities have open ends, number of activities having no predessors or successors, any wrong relation
activities coming on critical path causing the shifting of schedule to right hand side etc. Again based
sequences given in schedule and analysis it and by rearranging the relation ship between activities o
particular activity , we have to schedule it and get the proper schedule which is meeting the client an

So based on these checks, we modify the project schedule ( either modifying the activity relationship
agreement with respective discipline or focusing the critical activities which are causing /affecting the
we again run the schedule (F9 button) and see the project schedule . By this way we prepare the basic
the squad check . Based on the squad check commnets , we update it and again run it ( F9) and see t
beyound control or impacting the agreed milestones, we discuss the issue with PE ( project Engineer)
resolved it. Finally we show it to our Project manager and issued to Client.

So it means that you do not do the resource loading while developing the project schedule?

Sir , I missed to tell that if client ask to give the full resource loading schedule, then we have to define
against each activity so that project schedule comes with all resource loading.
How to do the resource loading in the project schedule , I will explain to you.
First I will tell about the resource loading . Please note that resource loading are various types but bas
curves :- 1. Front loading curve, Back loading curve, Linear curve and bell shaped curve.

Sir First of all, we have to define the resouces against each activity in P6, and this called DEFINE RESO
In this, We go to the Primavera main menu ENTERPRISE and select the activity , then we go to the Res
the resouce code ( if avaible) otherwise we give the resource code /resources, then we select the res
duration/time and give the resource unit cost (like USD /hr).

So once we have define all the project resources, now we Now for each acivity we ASSIGN THE RESOU
Thus for all the project activities, we have to define and assign the resources. By this we complete th

What do you mean by cost weightage and how it will be done in project schedule?

Cost weightage means the weigtage or imprtance of that particular activity in the overall engg proje

Let say for preparing and issue the plot plans ( 3 nos ), piping has considered the Engg MH ( position w
So total MH required for issuing plot plans are 200 and their cost is 5700 USD. (Viji- please note that fo
eng/S eng/ Eng/ Princ Desg/ S Desg/ Designer ) unit cost are available in the Purchase order (awarded
DD&P project). Alos in the PO award or Contract ( duly signed by both Consultant and Client), we hav
for executing the DD&P ( material procurement cost will not be there) but efforts/ MH required for pro
equipments will be there .
So consider/assume that total engg cost ( awared to consultant) is USD 2 Lacs . Hence the weightage
be =5700/200000 =2.85 % so for this plot plan activity , its cost weightage is 2.85%.
Viji to note - By this way, planning engineer calculates the weightage of each activity and focus on th
weigtage ( say > 1 %).

Can you please tell us about S curve and how it has to be prepared ?

Sir- S curve is basically a Project management tool and it identify the project growth , slippage and po
gap). We in Arvind generally prepares it and show mainly 3 curves like base line curve, actual curve

Suppose we want the S curve of the resources ( basically resource assignment ), then resources ( eith
datas can be imported from Primavera into excel sperad sheet and based on the datas, we can prepar
prepare the S cuve in the Primavera itself but excel prepared S curve is more clear and looks good ( a

Are you aware of the term PRODUCTIVITY and how you will calculate it?

Sir- Productivity is basically the ratio of EARNED MH/ SPENT MH for that particular period . It can be fo
activity or by discipline or for the whole project. It is always good to have the productivity 1.0 or grea
project and on a weekly progress measurement system, it is reported weekly discipline wise.

If the productivity is close to 1.0 or greater than 1 ( say 1.2 or 1.3 or 1.5), then it is good for the proje
0.7 or 0.85) , it is point of concern for project management. Suppose we have the weekly progress re
give the weekly progress on the project schedule (basically either progressed or issued deliverables i
of Aug, Civil MH spent is 300 ( come to know through time sheet booking week wise) and earned MH
project schedule deliverables) comes ~200 MH , then productivity is 200/300 = 0.66 and it is not goo
weeks, it can be accepted but continuing this type of productivity (say 0.7 or 0.8) for a longer period (
continuosly ) is a point of concern for Project Engineer and Management ( as it reflects that Civil is go
approved estimate and it will increase the project cost and may affect the project schedule also).

Are you aware of the term WBS and how it has to be developed for a project?
Sir - WBS - is the work break down structure .
A fundamental of successful project execution is in the definition of WBS or I will say the structure of W
Basically it is the frame work from which the project management and project control system will be s
reporting of the project status and cost.
Also it faciliatate all aspect of engg , procurment and construction while executing the given project.
The PURPOSE OF WBS is basically
1. Facilitate the communication among project disciplines /departments
2. Link activities to resources
3. Cover all execution units for the purpose of controlling the work and to provide reporting progress
4. Remove complexity in the project by dividing it into manageble units.
Sir- WBS is typically a project specific and it will be structured so that we can meet the project cost co
break down structure shall be be in line with WBS structure).
Sir - In the nut shell I will say only that WBS is the hierarchial division of project scope of work into ma
same WBS for estimating, controlling and reporting while doing the project execution.

Once the project is awarded, then WBS is developed with the key members of the project ( like Project
Enginnering Manger EM & planning engineers)and the client ( where this is a requirement or Client in

One typical Exmaple of WBS . Let assume that a Project named XYZ is there and it has two main areas
it is the DD&P phase and involves engg disciplnes like Process, Mechanical, Piping, Civil, C&I, Elecrical

So First level of WBS (L1 ) is = Project Name itself ( XYZ)

Second level of WBS (L2 ) is Area 50 & AREA 60
Third level of WBS (L3 ) is say area 50 is divided into 3 groups like Common , Engg & Procurement
Fourth level of WBS (L4) is again division of each L3 level Like For Common - it is Engg Mile stone & co
disciplines and for procurment it is again dsiciplines
Fifth level of WBS (L5) is identification of various disciplnes in Engg and Procurment
(All the details are given in chart and please have a look for better understanding)

Are you aware of the term CBS and how it has to be developed for a project?
Sir - CBS - is the Cost break down structure .
Cost breakdown structure is basically a division of project budget for collection, controlling and report
Basically the CBS structure must follow the project WBS structure.
Also sir, the distribution of project budget is an allocation process that results in each cost elements re
value in the overall project ( basically weightage process).

You can give the same above mentioned WBS structure for CBS also.
Regarding the CBS code , please tell that we follow the codes as per this practice:-

For Engg , we follow this :-

Process - Code will be XYZ P 01000 ( First project short name, followed by P (stand for Process) and 10

Mechnical - Code will be XYZ M 02000 ( First project short name, followed by M (stand for Mechanical)
disciplines
Piping - Code will be XYZ PI 03000 ( First project short name, followed by PI (stand for Piping) and 300

Pipeline - Code will be XYZ PL 035000 ( First project short name, followed by PL (stand for Pipeline) an
Electrical - Code will be XYZ E 04000 ( First project short name, followed by E (stand for Electrical ) an

C&I - Code will be XYZ C 05000 ( First project short name, followed by C (stand for Control & intrumen
disciplines

For Non Engg , we follow this :-

HSE - Code will be XYZ H 10000 ( First project short name, followed by H (stand for HSE) and 10000 se
Quality - Code will be XYZ Q 20000 ( First project short name, followed by Q (stand for Quality) and 20
PM - Code will be XYZ PE 30000 ( First project short name, followed by PM (stand for Project managem
management
PC - Code will be XYZ PC 40000 ( First project short name, followed by PC(stand for Project Control ) an

PR - Code will be XYZ PC 50000 ( First project short name, followed by PR(stand for Procurement ) and

MF - Code will be XYZ MF 60000 ( First project short name, followed by MF(stand for Managenent fee
fee
OE - Code will be XYZ OE 70000 ( First project short name, followed by OE(stand for Others expanses

Again for procurement , we follow this for assiging CBS code :-

Code - XYZ PR 52000 - 52100 Is the series for Static equipments ( Mechnical -static group)
Code - XYZ PR 52101 -52200 Is the series for Rotating equipments ( Mechnical -rotating group)
Code - XYZ PR 52501 -52600 Is the series for equipment package items ( Mechnical -package group)

Similarly for piping - it is mainly Pipes, fittings , flanges, valves and speciality items
Similarly for pipeline - it is mainly CS line Pipes, pipeline flanges, bareed tees, pipeline insulating gask
items
Similarly for Electrical - it is mainly HV cables , LV (low voltage)cables , 415 V switchboards, 33/11KV t
boards, earthing , lightining and cathodic protection , 33KV overhead lines, PMR ( pole mounted reclos

Similarly for C&I - it is mainly control room equipments, field mounted intrumnets ( like Pressure trans
transmiter, level transmiter, restriction orifices etc), control valve ( like PCV, FCV, LCV, ESD etc) , instr
instrument hook up materials etc), fire and gas detectors and sensors etc .

Are you aware of the term Change Management and how it has to basically works while execution o

Sir - Change management is identification of all variances to the project scope of work and subsquen
Manhours into the Budget .
Change management can be any variance ( basically new item and not defined in agreed SOW ) from
quantification ( project qty changes) or planned use of resources ( required expert resources which ha
estimate like SURGE ANLYSIS , DYMANIC ANALYSIS EXPERTS ETC).
Basically , while doing the project, any changes in the agreed project SOW is identified by the disciplin
disciplines prepared the PVN ( project variance notice) and submitted to Engg Manger and then it su
Project Engineer) . Once project recived these number of PVN and a sufficent MH ( man hours )are col
the PCR ( project change register) and submitted to client for Approval. Later on Client approves it and
budgets .

Ideally for any changes ( apart from the agreed SOW ), disciplines are required to raise the PVN and ti
But because of the project schedule pressure, it is practically not possble (unless and untill a big chan
generally disciplines get the approval from PE ( project engineer) and then proceed. Later on it is the
PVN/PCR from the client, otherwise, MH will be spent to do the additional work and loss of MH/Cost to
will go down.

Other Change management proces is as follows:-

1. KDCN - is Key Design change Notice . It is basically applied to Engg (DD & P phase) when the key d
are already issued as AFD ( approved for design)OR AFC ( approved for construction ) package has be
been occured ( it can be any reason like Pump supplier vendor has increased the pump dimensions af
( due to some manufacturing isuse or other issue)and due to it , pump centre to centre distances has
shed has been increased and it is rework for Piping and civil both ) . In this scenerio, a KDCN notice is
is basically most affected due to the changes) and all concern disciplines mentioned their respective
KDCN and signed. Once signed by all affected disciplines, it goes to Engg Manger and then it goes to P
It goes to cleint and client send it to Construction site manager ( for their information as these listed d
work may be stopped or not proceed at site ). Later on all drawings and douments are being revised a
Construction ( Re AFC) and sent to site for construction.

So for this Process, engg raise the PVN and it goes to PM. PM raised it through PCR and then it goes to
informto all disciplines. In the case of Construction work is under progress, Engg do not wait for the ap
AFC package as it is affecting the construction and site.

Are you aware that how cost estimate of the project is being prepared?
Sir -It is prepared as follows:-
 Cost

Circle of
quality

Time Resource
 Discipline Lead Senior Principal Senior
deliverables Engineer Engineer Engineer Designer designer
Plot plans (3nos) 20 15 15 30 40
Unit cost/hr (USD) 50 40 30 35 25

1000 600 450 1050 1000

Chart is attached for
understanding
however I am writing
the answer for it.
Designer Total
80 200
 20

1600 5700