NAME OF MECHANISM OF INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION SIDE/ADVERSE NURSING PRECAUTION

DRUG ACTION EFFECT

Pantoprazole

Classification:
Anti-Ulcer Drug >Inhibits both basal and >Duodenal ulcer; >Known hypersensitivity >Gastrointestinal 1. Observe ten rights in
Gastric Acid stimulated gastric acid gastric ulcer; to any of the Disorders: Upper giving medication and 3
Pump Inhibitor secretion by moderate and constituents of Pantoloc abdominal pain, checks before the
suppressing the final severe forms of or of the combination diarrhea, constipation, administration of
Dosage: step in reflux esophagitis. partners. Mild flatulence, Nausea. medication.
40mg IV OD acids production, gastrointestinal 2. Pantoloc IV: A ready-to-
through the complaints (eg, nervous >Immune System use solution is prepared by
inhabitation dyspepsia.) Disorders: injecting 10 mL of
of the proton pump Anaphylactic reactions physiological sodium
by binding to and including anaphylactic chloride solution into the
inhibiting shock. Musculoskeletal vial containing the dry
hydrogen- potassium substance.
adenosine >ConnectiveTissue and 3. This solution may be
triphosphatease, the Bone Disorders: administered directly or
enzyme system located Myalgia subsiding after may be administered after
at the secretory surface termination of therapy. mixing with 100 mL
of the gastric parietal Nervous System physiological sodium
cell. Disorders: Headache, chloride solution or 5%
Dizziness, disturbances glucose.
in vision (blurredvision). 4. Pantoloc IV must not be
prepared or mixed with
 >Psychiatric Disorders: solvents other than those
Mental depression stated. >The solution
subsiding after should have a pH of 9.After
termination of therapy. preparation; thesolution
must be used within12 hrs.
>Skin and Subcutaneous 5. As soon as oral therapy
TissueDisorders: is possible, treatment with
Allergic reactions (eg, Pantoloc IV should be
pruritusand skin rash). discontinued and
Urticaria; angioedema; pantoprazole 40 mg should
severe skin reactions; be administered orally
erythema multiforme; instead.
photosensitivity 6. The drug should be
Heraclene administered intravenously
over 2-15 min.
Classification: > Anemia due to
Vitamin b12 B12-deficiency
conditions; in the >Pts. With
Dosage: complex therapy Thromboembolism, > CNS: rarely - a state of
3mg 1tab to >Vitamin b12 refers for iron and erythremia, arousal.
dissolve in H20 to a group of water- posthemorrhagic erythrocytosis, increased Cardiovascular system:
or juice BID soluble vitamins. It anemia; aplastic sensitivity to rarely - pain in the heart, 1. Observe ten rights in
has high biological anemia caused by cyanocobalamin. tachycardia. giving medication and 3
activity. This toxic substances Allergic reactions: rarely checks before the
medication is and drugs; liver - urticaria. administration of
necessary for normal disease (hepatitis, medication.
hematopoiesis cirrhosis); 2. May administer drug
(promotes funicular myelosis; with regards to meal.
maturation of polyneuritis, 3.Monitor vital signs, BP,
 erythrocytes). radiculitis, Respiratory rate.
Activates the neuralgia, 4. Stop using the drug
coagulation of blood amyotrophic immediately and seek for
in high doses causes lateral sclerosis. immediate medical help in
Paracetamol an increase in the case of any symptoms of
activity of allergic reactions.
Classification: thromboplastin and 5. During treatment should
Analgesics, prothrombin. regularly monitor the blood
Antipyretics picture and coagulation.
>Relief of mild-to- >Contraindicated to >Seizures (higher
Dosage: moderate pain; patients with doses); confusion;
500mg 1tab treatment of fever. Hypersensitivity & lethargy;patients.
every 4 hrs PRN allergy to Prophylactic anti-
for fever acetaminophen. infective in abdominal, 1. Observe ten rights in
arrhythmias; diarrhea; giving medication and 3
>Decreases fever by genitourinary, and head checks before the
inhibiting the effects and neck surgery. administration of
of pyrogens on the Appendicitis nausea; medication.
hypothalamus heat interstinal nephritis; 2. Assess patients fever or
regulating centers & rashes; urticaria; pain: typeof pain, location,
by a hypothalamic hypokalemia; intensity, duration,
action leading to hypernatremia; Bleeding temperature, and
sweating & leukopenia; neutropenia; diaphoresis.
vasodilatation. phlelbitis at IV site; 3. Assess allergic
Relieves pain by metabolic reactions: rash, urticaria; if
inhibiting alkalosis;Hypersensitivit these occur, drug may
prostaglandin y reactions including have to be discontinued.
synthesis at the CNS. anaphylaxis. 4. Teach patient to
recognize signs of chronic
 overdose: bleeding,
bruising, malaise, fever,
Piperacillin/ sore throat.
Tazobactam 5. Tell patient to notify
(Vigocid) prescriber for pain/ fever
>Treatment of lasting for more than 3
Classification: moderate to >Hypersensitivity to days.
Anti-infective, severe infections piperacillin, tazobactam, 6. Report adverse effect
Beta-lactam, caused by penicillins, reaction immediately.
Antibiotic piperacillin- cephalosporins, or beta- >Nausea.,Vomiting.
resistant, lactamase inhibitors Diarrhea., Allergic
Dosage: piperacillin/ such as clavulanic acid reactions, urticaria, rash.
4.5gmsw IV tazobactam- and sulbactam. Hepatitis, Bladder pain
every 8hrs >Antibacterial susceptible, beta- Contraindicated in bloating or swelling of 1. Observe ten rights in
ANST combination product lactanase- patients hypersensitive the face, arms, hands, giving medication and 3
consisting of the producing strains to the drug or other lower legs, or feet checks before the
semi-synthetic of microorganisms penicillins. blurred vision, burning administration of
piperacillin and the in the following upper abdominal or medication.
beta-lactabase conditions: stomach pain 2. Assess patient for
inhibitor tazobactam uncomplicated chest pain, confusion infection. Vital signs;
component does not and complicated dizziness, faintness, or sputum, urine, and stool;
decrease the activity skin and skin lightheadedness when WBC and beginning of and
of the piperacillin structure getting up throughout therapy.
component against infections, fever or sweating, 3.Obtain history of
susceptible peritonitis, pelvic headache hypersensitivity to
organisms. inflammatory lower back or side pain, penicillins, cephalosporins,
disease, tenderness, or swelling or other drugs prior to
community- of the foot or leg pain, administration.
Daktarin Gel acquired warmth, or burning in 4. Monitor patient carefully
 pneumonia the fingers, toes, and during the first 30 min
Classification: (moderate severity legs after initiation of the
Antifungal only), nosocomial problems with vision or infusion for signs of
Dosage: pneumonia hearing hypersensitivity.
oral sores TID (moderate to skin rash, slow or fast 5. Observe and report rash,
severe). heartbeat itching, or other signs of
> In patients with a troubled breathing hypersensitivity
known hypersensitivity immediately.
to miconazole or to any
of the other ingredients
of the gel.
>Oral treatment
>Miconazole and prevention of
-possesses an fungal infections
antifungal activity of the oropharynx >GI:dyspepsia, heart
against the common and of burn, anorexia, nausea, 1. Observe ten rights in
dermatophytes and superinfectionsdue epigastric discomfort, giving medication and 3
yeasts as well as an to Gram-positive potentiation of checks before the
antibacterial activity bacteria. pepticulcer administration of
against certain gram- Allergic:Bronchospasm, medication.
positive bacilli and asthma-like symptoms, 2. Use gloves in
cocci. Its activity is anaphylaxis, skin rashes, administering the drug.
based on the urticaria 3. Put the gel in front of the
Aspirin EC inhibition of the Hematologic: mouth not on the back of
ergosterol prolongation of bleeding the throat. It maybecome a
Classification: biosynthesis infungi time, thrombocytopenia, choking hazard.
Antipyretic, and the change in leucopenia, 4. A specific antidote is not
analgesic and the composition of Thirst, fever, .dimness of available. Make sure to
anti- the lipid components vision. administer the right
inflammatory in the dosage.
membrane,resulting 5. Emphasize to take at
Dosage: 80mg in fungal cell >Hypersensitivity regular intervals. Complete
1tab OD necrosis. tosalicylates, severe the prescribed course
anemia, history of blood unless otherwise directed.
coagulation defects, 6. Check the patient for
>For pain on vitamin K deficiency, 1 signs of allergic reaction:
integumentary week before and after rash, urticaria, fever.
structures, surgery, pregnancy in >Vertigo, headache,
myalgia, the last trimester. paresthesias, insomnia,
neuralgia, convulsions, psychosis,
headache, cataracts, increased
>Exhibits antipyretic, dysmenorrhea, intraocular pressure, 1. Observe ten rights in
anti-inflammatory gout. glaucoma (long-term giving medication and 3
and analgesic effects. Arthritis, SLE,acute therapy) Hypotension, checks before the
The antipyreticeffect rheumaticfever. shock, hypertension and administration of
is due to an action on CHF secondary to fluid medication.
the hypothalamus, retention, 2. Take with food if aspirin
resulting in heat loss thromboembolism, upsets your stomach.
by vasodilation of thrombophlebitis, fat 3. Do not crush, chew,
peripheral blood embolism, cardiac break, or open an enteric-
vessels. Anti- arrhythmias Na+ and coated or delayed-release
inflammatory effects fluid retention, pill. Swallow it whole.
are mediated by a hypokalemia, 4. Determine history of
decrease in hypocalcemia peptic ulcers or bleeding
prostaglandin Amenorrhea, irregular tendencies.
synthesis. It menses, growth 5.Take aspirin exactly as
alsodecreases retardation, decreased directed on the label, or as
Prednisone plateletaggregation. carbohydrate tolerance, prescribed by your doctor.
 diabetes mellitus, Do not use in larger or
Classification: increased blood sugar, smaller amounts or for
Corticosteroid increased serum longer than recommended.
(intermediate cholesterol, , , 6. If you need surgery, tell
acting), pancreatitis, abdominal the surgeon ahead of time
Glucocorticoid, distention, nausea, that you are using this
Hormone vomiting, increased medicine. You may need to
>Contraindicated with appetite, weight gain stop using it for a short
Dosage: infections, especially (long-term therapy) time.
Dosage: 10mg tuberculosis, fungal 6. Do not take this
1tab BID PO AC infections, amebiasis, medicine if you smell a
meals vaccinia and varicella, strong vinegar odor in the
and antibiotic-resistant bottle. The medicine may
>Short-term infections; lactation. no longer be effective.
management of Store at room temperature
various away from moisture and
inflammatory and heat.
allergic disorders, > hypersensitivity
>Prednisone is a such as reactions (including
glucocorticoid rheumatoid urticaria, skin rash,
receptor agonist and arthritis, collagen pruritus, edema,
crosses cell diseases (eg, SLE), erythema, hypotension
membranes and dermatologic and 1. Observe ten rights in
binds with high diseases (eg, bronchospasm).Nausea, giving medication and 3
affinity to specific pemphigus), vomiting, increased checks before the
cytoplasmic status salivation, chills and administration of
receptors. The result asthmaticus, and febrile reactions. medication.
includes inhibition of autoimmune Aggression 2. Steroid medication can
leukocyte infiltration disorders Agitation, blurred weaken your immune
 at the site of Hematologic vision,decrease in the system, making it easier
inflammation, disorders: amount of urine, for you to get an infection.
interference in the thrombocytopenia dizziness Avoid being near people
function of mediators purpura, fast, slow, pounding, or who are sick or have
of inflammatory erythroblastopenia irregular heartbeat or infections.
Human response, . pulse, headache, 3. Call your doctor at once
Albumin suppression of irritability, mood if you have shortness of
humoral immune changes, noisy, rattling breath, severe pain in your
Classification: responses, and breathing, numbness or, upper stomach, bloody or
Plasma reduction in edema tingling in the arms or tarry stools, severe
expanders or scar tissue. The legs, pounding in the depression, changes in
anti inflammatory ears, shortness of personality or behavior,
Dosage: 20% 3 actions of >Patients with severe breath, swelling of the vision problems, or eye
vial IV drip for corticosteroids are anemiaor cardiac failure fingers, hands, feet, or pain.
15-30mins thought to involve and inpatients with a lower legs, 4. Do not give live virus
every 12hrs phospholipase A2 history of allergic troubled breathing at vaccines with
inhibitory proteins, reactions to rest, weight gain immunosuppressive doses
lipocortins, which humanalbumin. of corticosteroids.
control the 5. get enough vitamin D or
biosynthesis of calcium in your diet, or if
potent mediators of you have a family history
inflammation such as of osteoporosis
prostaglandins and 6. You should not use this
leukotrienes. >For emergency medication if you are
treatment of shock allergic to prednisone, or if
and in other you have a fungal infection
similar conditions anywhere in your body.
Lasix where the
restoration of >CNS: dizziness,fever,
Classification: blood volume is vertigo,tinnitus
Loop Diuretic >This extra fluid urgent. If there CV: arrhythmias,
reduces has orthostatichy potension 1. Observe ten rights in
Dosage: 20mg hemoconcentration beenconsiderable GI: nausea,vomiting, giving medication and 3
1 amp IV every and blood viscosity. loss of red blood >Contraindicated with constipation checks before the
12hrs The degree of volume cells, transfusion allergy to furosemide, ,vomiting administration of
expansion is with packed red sulfonamides. Use GU: frequent urination, medication.
dependent on the blood cells is cautiously with diabetes nocturia. 2. Monitor BP during
initial blood volume. indicated. mellitus./ with metabolic periods of dieresis and
When the circulating disorders. through period of dosage
blood volume has adjustment.
been depleted, hemo 3. Monitor for S&S of
dilution following hypokalemia.
albumin 4. Monitor I&O ratio and
administration pattern.
persists for many 5. Report decrease or
hours. In individuals unusual increase in output
with normal blood >Management of
volume, it usually hypertension;
lasts only a fewhours. Edema associated >Vertigo, headache,
with CHF as a paresthesias, insomnia,
complication of convulsions, psychosis,
diabetes mellitus. cataracts, increased
intraocular pressure,
Refluxid Duo >Inhibits the re- Hypotension, shock, 1. Observe ten rights in
absorption of sodium hypertension and CHF giving medication and 3
Pantoprazole chloride from the secondary to fluid checks before the
sodium 40mg + ascending limb of the retention, administration of
Domperidone loop of Henle, leading thromboembolism, medication.
30mg to a sodium- rich thrombophlebitis, fat 2. Arrange to monitor
diuresis. TE: embolism, cardiac sodium and potassium
Classification: Promotes water and >In patients with known arrhythmias Na+ and serum electrolytes.
Proton pump sodium excretion. hypersensitivity to fluid retention, 3. Give early in the day so
inhibitors + pantoprazole or hypokalemia, that increased urination
anti-emetic/ domperidone. hypocalcemia, irregular will not disturb
Dopamine >Not recommended for menses, decreased sleep.
Antagonist use in children, carbohydrate tolerance, 4. Blood glucose levels
pregnancy and lactation. diabetes mellitus, may become temporarily
Dosage: increased blood sugar, elevated in patients with
BID increased serum diabetes after starting this
cholesterol, , drug.
pancreatitis, abdominal 5. Give medications as
distention, nausea, ordered that will help loose
vomiting, increased stools in case of
>It is indicated in appetite. constipation.
the symptomatic
management of
burning in various
acid peptic
disorders >Headache, diarrhea,
associated with skin rash, pruritus and
>It works to shut off nausea and dizziness. Galactorrhea
the acid-pumping vomiting; GERD, in females and
cells in your stomach. reflux esophagitis, gynecomastia in males. 1. Observe ten rights in
It reduces the non-ulcer Dry mouth, thirst, giving medication and 3
amount of stomach dyspepsia, nervousness, checks before the
Rebamipide acid and helps to gastroparesis and drowsiness, skin rashes administration of
reduce painful idiopathic hiccup and itching. medication.
Classification: symptoms related to or any other peptic 2. Before breakfast or
Anti-ulcerant; gastroesophageal disease Thus, for the best effect, it
Antacids; anti- reflux disease accompanied by should be taken just before
reflux agent (GERD). nausea and/or a meal. That means it can
> Facilitates gastric vomiting. >Contraindicated with help with the greater
Dosage: 10mg emptying and patients who are amount of stomach acid
TID AC meals decreases small hypersensitive tothe that is always produced,
bowel transit time by drug, lactating, when you eat.
increasing pregnant, and children. 3. In the event that the
esophageal and patient develops
gastric peristalsis and galactorrhea and/or
by lowering gynecomastia, withdrawal
esophageal sphincter of the drug will result in
pressure. alleviation of these
symptoms.
4. Pantoprazole can
increase a person's risk for
osteoporosis, a condition
Ava-Naproxen that causes bones to
EC become brittle. Let your
>Treatment for healthcare provider know if
Classification: peptic ulcer you have a history of
nonsteroidal disease osteoporosis.
anti- >Prevention of 5. Pantoprazole can lower
inflammatory NSAID-induced > Hypersensitivity to >Dizziness, drowsiness, blood magnesium levels.
drugs (NSAIDs) gastropathy. naproxen such as dry mouth, constipation, Let your healthcare
anaphylactic reactions, diarrhea, abdominal provider know if you have
Dosage: serious skin reactions or distention, nausea, a history of
1 tab OD any component of the vomiting, eructation; hypomagnesemia.
>Rebamipide is a formulation; history of BUN elevation, edema,
mucosal protective asthma, urticaria, or hyperbilirubinaemia;
agent and is allergic-type reactions gynaecomastia,
postulated to after taking aspirin or induction of lactation,
increase gastric other NSAIDs. menstrual disorders, hot 1. Observe ten rights in
blood flow, flushes; leucopenia, giving medication and 3
prostaglandin leucocytosis, checks before the
biosynthesis and thrombocytopenia; rash, administration of
decrease free oxygen urticaria, eczema. medication.
radicals. 2. Monitor and report for
any adverse reaction
3. Encourage small
> It is used to frequent feedings.
treat the 4. Take aspirin exactly as
symptoms of directed on the label, or as
rheumatoid prescribed by your doctor.
arthritis, Do not use in larger or
osteoarthritis, and > Cardiovascular: smaller amounts or for
juvenile Edema, palpitations longer than recommended.
rheumatoid Central nervous system: 5. Inform patient that drug
arthritis. It is also Dizziness, drowsiness, may be taken with or
used for the relief headache, vertigo without food
> Naproxen is a of minor aches Dermatologic: Pruritus,
propionic acid and pains in skin rash, ecchymoses,
derivative and a non- muscles, bones, diaphoresis
steroidal anti- and joints; mild-to- Endocrine & metabolic:
inflammatory drug moderate pain Fluid retention, 1. Observe ten rights in
(NSAID) with anti- accompanied by increased thirst giving medication and 3
inflammatory, inflammation in Gastrointestinal: checks before the
antipyretic and injuries (e.g., Abdominal pain, administration of
analgesic activities. sprains and constipation, nausea, medication.
Naproxen inhibits the strains); and heartburn, diarrhea, 2. Recommended dosages
activity of the menstrual cramps. dyspepsia, stomatitis, and duration should not be
enzymes cyclo- flatulence, exceeded, due to an
oxygenase I and II, gastrointestinal increased risk of GI
resulting in a hemorrhage, bleeding, MI, and stroke.
decreased formation gastrointestinal 3. Patients should stop use
of precursors of perforation, and consult a healthcare
prostaglandins and gastrointestinal ulcer, provider if symptoms get
thromboxanes. The vomiting worse, newly appear, or
resulting decrease in Hematologic & continue; if an allergic
prostaglandin oncologic: Hemolysis, reaction occurs; if feeling
synthesis is purpura, anemia, faint, vomit blood or have
responsible for the prolonged bleeding time bloody/black stools; if
therapeutic effects of Hepatic: Increased liver having difficulty swallowing
naproxen. Naproxen enzymes or heartburn, or if fever
also causes a Ophthalmic: Visual lasts for >3 days or pain
decrease in the disturbance >10 days.
formation of Otic: Tinnitus, auditory 4. Avoid alcohol and aspirin
thromboxane A2 disturbance (as well as other NSAIDs)
synthesis, by Renal: Renal function unless otherwise advised
thromboxane abnormality by a physician. Potential to
synthase, thereby Respiratory: Dyspnea increase risk of GI
inhibiting platelet ulceration and bleeding.
aggregation. 5. Tell your dentist or
surgeon if you are taking
naproxen before any
treatment; it may prolong
bleeding time.