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BILATERAL RELATIONS
EU-US relations
OfficialdiplomaticrelationsbetweentheUnitedStatesandtheEuropeanCoalandSteelCommunity(ECSC)wereestablishedin1953whentheUSAappointeditsfirstobserverstotheECSC.
The1990TransatlanticDeclarationonECUSRelationsprovidedforaformalpoliticaldialoguebetweenthetwosidesthatwastobeheldondifferentlevelsandwastocoverpolitics,
economy,scienceandtechnology,andculture.
AnotherchapterinthedevelopmentofmutualtieswastheNewTransatlanticAgenda(NTA)signedin1995.Init,thepartiesundertookfurtherstepstowardspoliticalandeconomic
partnership,shiftingfromtheconsultationtothecommonactioncooperationformat.Thedocumentidentifiedthefollowingkeycooperationareas:promotingpeace,stability,democracy
anddevelopmentaroundtheworldrespondingtoglobalchallengescontributingtotheexpansionofworldtradeandclosereconomicrelationsandbuildingbridgesacrosstheAtlantic.
The1998TransatlanticEconomicPartnership(TEP)furtherdevelopedNTAconcepts.TheTEPidentifiedthefollowingprioritiesofbilateralcooperation:eliminatingbarrierstotradein
goodsandservicesensuringmutualrecognitionoftechnicalnorms,standardsandprofessionalqualificationsanddealingwithissuesrelatedtogovernmentprocurement,intellectual
propertyrights,biotechnology,environmentalprotectionandstandardsoffoodproduction.Thekeyareainthefieldofmultilateralcooperationwasfurtherliberalizationofglobaltrade,with
specialemphasisontheimplementationofWTOagreements.
GivennewitemsontheEUUScooperationagenda,aspecialworkplanonEUUStechnicaldialogueandincreasedcooperationincrisismanagementandconflictpreventionwassignedin
March2008.
FollowingthegradualexpansionofEUUSmutualcooperation,aninstitutionalizedsystemofcommunicationwasestablished,withsummitmeetingsasitsprincipalelement.Summit
meetingsareheldannuallyinaformatcomprisingtheUSPresident,thePresidentoftheEuropeanCouncilandthePresidentoftheEuropeanCommission.Theyareusuallyalsoattendedby
theUSSecretaryofStateandtheEUHighRepresentativeforForeignAffairsandSecurityPolicy.Decisionsmadeonthislevelshapetransatlanticrelationsandsetthecourseforfurther
cooperation.
EUUScooperationinthelightofrecentsummitmeetings
Economiccooperation
Giventheoutcomesoftheannualsummitmeetingsheldsofar,forgingclosereconomictiescanbeseenasthekeyelementofEUUSrelations.Theintensetransatlanticdialogueoneconomic
issuesresultsfromtheadvancedintegrationofEUmemberstatesinthefieldofthesinglemarket.Today,theEUandtheUSAformtheworldsbiggestandmostpowerfulareaofeconomic
cooperation.IntensificationandliberalizationoftradeandinvestmentremainanimportantEUobjective.Toachievethis,theTransatlanticEconomicCouncil(TEC)wasestablishedattheEU
USsummitinWashingtonon30April2007.TheTECfocusesonsuchissuesaseliminatingtradebarriers,promotinginvestment,coordinatingfinancialmarketsandensuringrespectfor
intellectualpropertyrights.Heldon28November2011,therecentEUUSsummitpointedtoeconomicgrowthandjobcreationasthekeyareasoftransatlanticcooperationinthecoming
years.Inordertoaccomplishtheseobjectives,theHighLevelWorkingGrouponJobsandGrowthwassetup.
Politicalcooperation
TheEUconsidersWashingtonasitspartnerinaddressingglobalproblems.TheEUdefinesthepoliticalagendaoftransatlanticcooperationinverybroadterms.Themainelementsonthis
agendainclude:
1. Promotionofglobalpeace,democracyandhumanrights.
BoththeEUandWashingtonareactivelyinvolvedinpromotingpoliticalandeconomicreformintheMiddleEast,EasternEurope,theWesternBalkans,AfricaandLatinAmerica.
2. Thefightagainstinternationalterrorism.
ManyEUcountriestakeanactivepartinNATOsISAFmission.ItshouldalsobenotedthattheEUisdeeplyinvolvedinreconstructioneffortsinAfghanistan.Otherareasinwhich
bothsidescooperateincombatingterrorismincludethefightagainstterroristfinancingandthepreventionofmoneylaundering.
3. Cooperationinthefieldofcrisismanagement.
EUUScooperationinthisfieldcoverstheEULEXmissioninKosovoandtheEUSECandEUPOLRDCmissionsintheDemocraticRepublicofCongo.InMay2011,theUSAandthe
EUsignedtheFrameworkAgreementontheParticipationoftheUnitedStatesofAmericainEuropeanUnionCrisisManagementOperations.
4. Cooperationinenergypolicy.
Thetwosidesholdregulartalksondiversifyingenergysourcesandensuringsafeaccesstoandtransportofenergyresources.InNovember2009,theEUUSsummitestablishedthe
EUUSEnergyCouncil.AnewelementofEUUSinstitutionalcooperation,theCouncilwastaskedwithintensifyingenergydialogueandboostingcooperationonnewtechnologiesin
thefieldofenvironmentalprotection.TheEnergyCouncildealswiththediversificationofenergysources(e.g.throughtheincreaseduseofliquefiednaturalgas,solarpower,wind
power,biofuelsandnuclearpower).Inaddition,theCouncilfostersenergypolicycooperation,bothbilaterally(EUUS)andwiththirdcountries.ThemostrecentEnergyCouncil
meetingwasheldonthemarginsoftheEUUSsummitinNovember2011.
2012MinistryofForeignAairs