III.

LEARNING TASKS
Teachers Activity Students Activity

A. Preliminaries
a. Prayer
b. Checking of attendance
c. Greetings
B. Preparation
a. Review of the past lesson
Class I have here with me
jumbled letters. Arrange these
jumbled letters to find out what we
discussed yesterday. Lets start.

What is the first one? Law of Inertia maam.

Yes, Maica.

Very good!
Who can now state the Law of
Maam.
Inertia?

Yes, Novy. The law of inertia states that

an object at rest will remain at
rest and an object in motion
remains in motion unless acted upon
by an unbalanced force.

Precisely!
How about the second law? Maam.

Yes, SV. The Second Law is the law of

acceleration maam.

Thats right!
 What is all about the law
of acceleration? Maam.

Yes, Dayril. The law of acceleration states that

force is directly proportional to the
product of mass and
acceleration
Precisely! In fact, according to
Newtons Second law of motion,
the greater the force applied,
the larger the acceleration of an object.
Force will be used again in our lesson today.

C. Motivation
Class, I will show you a video clip
about sports involving collisions.
Watch it and I will ask questions after. (Students watched the video)

Based from the video, what did

you observed?
Maam.
Yes, King. I observed that the players of the
hockey and baseball often
collided with each other.

Very good!

D. Presentation
The video clip you just watched
is related to our topic for today.

What do the athletes have while playing? Maam.

 Yes, Lyra. The athletes have velocity since
they are moving with respect to
a certain direction.
Definitely!

What about something that they

have even without moving for example?
Maam.

Yes, Rayma. They have mass maam.

Thats right! They have mass and velocity.

When we talk about this two
variables the mass and velocity
what are we referring to?
Maam.

Yes, Gizel. Momentum maam.

Precisely! The concepts
of momentum and impulse will
be the focus of our discussion for today.

E. Lesson Proper

Class I have here eggs and piece of clothes.

We will have a short game later.
But answer my questions first.

What characteristics does an egg have? Maam.

Yes, Laudino. It is breakable, it has a mass, and it

doesnt have a velocity unless its
moving.
 Thank You!
What will happen to the egg if it is
thrown into a piece of cloth?
Will the egg break?
Who says yes? Who says no?
Raise your hand. (Students answers vary)
Now, lets see. Please group
yourself into three here in front to perform
the activity. Your groupings will be
according to the color of the paper you are
holding.

Two person will hold the clothes and

the rest of the members will play the
game by throwing the egg to the cloth
the first to accomplish the task will be
declared as the winner. (Students performed the activity)

F. Post-activity Discussion
Class, based on the activity Maam
what can you say about the egg?

Yes, Kate. I observed that the egg did

have a velocity and that it
didnt break.
Very good! .

What does the egg have the

moment you throw it?

Yes, Deo The moment the egg was thrown it

has a velocity and a mass.

Precisely!

If it has the mass and the velocity.

 What quantity does it has? It has a momentum maam.

Definitely.

Momentum is a term describe

as a quantity of motion. It is also define as
the difficulty of a body to undergo a sudden
stop.

In symbols it is given as p=mv.

What is the relationship of momentum

to mass and velocity?
Yes, April Momentum of an object is
directly proportional to both its
mass and velocity.
Absolutely!
So, what do we mean when we say that
momentum is directly proportional to
mass and velocity? Maam
Yes, Hilario It means that if a moving object
has more mass, it has more
momentum, and if an
object has more velocity, it has
more momentum,
therefore if either the mass
or velocity (or both) of an
object increases momentum also
increases.

Precisely!

What is the unit of momentum? Maam.

Yes, Deo Momentum is measured in kg.m/s

Thats right.
Is momentum a vector or a scalar quantity? Maam.

Yes, Shine Momentum is a vector quantity.

Precisely! Maam.
Which has more momentum a
large truck or a small car traveling
with the same velocity. Why? Maam.

Yes, Mylene The large truck maam because

it has more mass.
Very good!
What about two identical car
the car A traveling at 80m/s while the
car B at 120m/s. Which has more momentum?

Maam.
Yes, Rachelle The car B because it has a
greater velocity.
Exactly.

Lets try to solve the problem.

A car is traveling at a velocity of 13.5 m/sec north
on a straight road. The mass of the car is 1,300 kg.
A motorcycle passes the car at a speed of 30 m/sec.
The motorcycle (with rider) has a mass of 350 kg.
Calculate and compare the momentum of the car
and motorcycle.
(Students answers the problem)

Now going back to our egg example

What would have happened if
the identical egg were thrown at a wall? Maam.
 Yes, Reymond.

The egg will break.

Definitely!
In the activity in order to stop the egg,
its momentum must be brought to zero.
The only way to do this is to apply something
opposite to the eggs motion.
Based on the activity what did you
applied to the egg?
Maam.

Yes, Maica We applied a force maam.

Precisely!

In applying that force

what did you consume? Maam.

Yes, Kate.
Time maam.

Very good!
So, you applied a force for
a given amount of time.
What do we call that quantity?
Maam.

Yes, Rochelle Impulse maam

Absolutely!
The amount of force and the time
during which the force is applied is

called the impulse. J= p

Is Impulse a vector or scalar quantity?

Impulse is a vector quantity.

 Who can now explain. the
relationship of impulse to
force and time?

Yes, SV Impulse of an object is directly

proportional to both its force and
time. Which means that as the
force or time increases impulse
also increases and vice
versa.
Exactly!

What is the unit used in

measuring impulse? Maam.

Yes, Catherine Common units of impulse is

N.s
Going back to the egg experiment.
Why is it that the egg did not break? Maam

Yes, Edna When throwing the egg into the cloth

impulse is applied over a longer period of
time consequently decreasing the
applied force, the cloth acted as a
cushion, which is why the egg did not
break.

Absolutely!

Supposed it will hit the wall, Maam

you said that it will break. Why?

Yes, Bridgitte

With the wall, the egg will break

because the impulse is exerted
over a very short period of time
resulting in a large
destructive force.

Exactly!

Lets try to solve this.

A billiard ball (m=0.25kg) has initial
velocity of v0=28m/s as it approaches
another billiard ball. The billiard ball 1 departs
from the billiard ball2 with a final velocity
of vf=40m/s. Determine the impulse
applied to the first billiard ball. (Students answer the problem)
(Hint: J= p; p = mvf mv0)

Now its clear that you understand

our discussion. I have one question left.

Which will have a greater impulse between

two cars having the same speed. A car hitting a
brick wall or a car hitting a giant haystack?
Maam.

Yes, Melony They will have the same impulse

maam.

Why? The force on the car due to the

wall is large (big F ), but that
force only acts for a small
amount of time (little t ).
When the same car
moving at the same speed but this
time hitting a giant haystack and
coming to rest. The force on the car
is much smaller now (little F ), but it
acts for a much longer time (big t ).
In each case the impulse involved is
the same since the change in
momentum of the car is the same.
Very, well said.

G. Application (picture analysis)

Go to your respective groups.
Class I have here pictures.
Try to guess what is it and explain
its relationship to impulse and momentum.
The first group to earn the highest points
will be declared winner.

What is the first picture?

 Maam.

Yes, Theresa It is an airbag maam.

What do you think is the

function of an air bag?
Is it important? Why?

Yes, Aizah Air bags are used in

automobiles because they are able to
minimize the effect of the
force on an object involved in a collision. Air
bags accomplish this by extending the
time required to stop the momentum of the
driver and passenger. It cushion the blow by
increasing the amount of time during which
the force is applied, time of impact
increases therefore amount of force of
impulse decreases
Precisely!

What about the second picture?

What is it? How does it is used?

Maam.

It is a nylon rope.

Yes, Marjorie Nylon ropes are used in the sport of

rock-climbing for the same reason. If
a rock climber should lose her grip
on the rock, she will begin to fall. The ropes
are made of nylon or similar
material because of its ability to
stretch. If the rope is capable of
stretching upon being pulled taut by the
falling climber's mass, then it will apply a
force upon the climber over a longer time
period. Extending the time over which the
climber's momentum is broken results in
reducing the force exerted on the falling
climber.

Excellent!
 What is the last picture?
Explain the concept behind it.
Maam.

Yes, Lyrra Bowling, tennis and bat sports, where in

hitters are often encouraged to
follow- through when striking a ball.
The follow- through increases the
time of collision and subsequently
contributes to an increase in the
velocity change of the ball. Giving
the ball a high velocity often leads to greater
success.
Very good!

These things mentioned here are only

some of the applications of impulse.
Therefore let us bear in mind the
equation as a guide to thinking about
how an alteration in the value of one
variable might affect the value of another
variable in order to use it in a way that can
benefit mankind.

Did you understand? Yes maam

Do you have any question? None maam.

IV. EVALUATION
A. Define the following:
1. Momentum
2. Impulse
B. Applying the equation learned, answer the following problems:
1. A bowling ball whose mass is 4.0 kg is rolling at a rate of 2.5 m/s. what is its
momentum?
2. A golf ball travels at 16 m/s while a baseball moves at 7 m/s. The mass of the golf
ball is 0.045 kg and the mass of the baseball is 0.14 kg. Which has a greater
momentum?

3. A baseball (m=0.14kg) has initial velocity of v0=-38m/s as it approaches a bat.

The bat applies an average force that is much larger than the weight of the ball,
and the ball departs from the bat with a final velocity of vf=+58m. Determine the
impulse applied to the ball by the bat. (Hint: J= p; p = mfvf m0v0)

Essay:
 1. If you were in charge of designing the surface of a new childs playground what
kind of material would you use and why? Explain your answer by using physics
terms we talked about such as momentum, impulse, velocity, mass, time and
force.

V. AGREEMENT
A. Answer the following questions:
1. State the impulse-momentum Theorem and give examples.
2. What is an isolated system?
3. Explain the Conservation of momentum.

Reference:
Science Learners module. Pp 265-267