Imaginatioy in Chess How to|Think Creatively onde Foolish = Paata GaprindashviliImagination in Chess How to think creatively and avoid foolish mistakes Paata Gaprindashvili BATSFORDFirst published in 2004, reprinted in 2005 © Paata Gaprindashvili The right of Pata Gaprindashvili to be identified as Author of this work has been asserted by him in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. ISBN 07134 8891 3 A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any means without permission from the publisher. Printed in Great Britain by Creative Print and Design (Wales), Ebbw Vale for the publishers BT. Batsford Ltd, The Chrysalis Building Bramley Road, London, WI0 6SP www. chrysalisbooks.co.uk Distributed in the United States and Canada by Sterling Publishing Co., 387 Park Avenue South, New York, NY 10016, USA An imprint of chrysail€ Books Group ple A BATSFORD CHESS BOOK AnRwune Contents Foreword Progressive Thinking Reciprocal Thinking Reciprocal Thinking - Logic Reciprocal Thinking — Auxiliary Idea Mental Agility Mental Agility — Reciprocal Thinking — Auxiliary Idea Imagination Solutions to Exercises Index of Players 40 56 87 103 109 131 152 275Foreword Chessplayers possess plenty of manuals on tactics, quite a few textbooks on strategy, and stacks of books on the opening and endgame. Yet there are hardly any publications dealing with the main thing—the process of thought, the evaluation and development of the brain’s reflective activity. Tt is to these issues that the present work is devoted. ‘The author would like to share his ideas and the pedagogical material that he has accumulated over many years of intensive labour, Over 700 “fresh” positions are collected in the book, incorporating a variety of schemes of thought. Attention is drawn to the role of logic and resource; light is shed on the problem of imagination. In sum, there is much here that the reader will find useful. The book is intended for trainers and competitive players. How should you work with the book? To make the best use of it, we recommend the following: (1) Carefully study the introductory article to the first chapter. (2) To consolidate the material, solve a few exercises. (3) Go on to the second chapter, and proceed in the same way. In other words, you need to acquaint yourself with all the theoretical material and then extend your mastery equally in all directions. Asterisks above the diagrams indicate the level of complexity. The exercises should, of course, be solved without moving the pieces, though an exception may be made with positions on level four (****). We believe that regular solving of these exercises will improve the cogitative action of the brain and raise your standard of play. ‘The author is grateful to those who helped him collect the material and who collaborated in the production of this book.1 Progressive Thinking What should I undertake? How am I to continue? Chessplayers are faced with such questions at every tun, To answer them correctly, you have to perform a specific task which comprises a number of steps: (1) Study the position, that is, identify all the tactical and strategic peculiarities of the configuration of pieces and pawns. Note the word study. We are not talking about “evaluating” the position but about “studying” it, because an evaluation just by itself (without study) doesn’t supply the key to further action. For instance it may be a case of “White stands better”, and a young player may give the correct assessment—but he won’t know what to do next, What is he to do with this “better” position? (2) Studying the position generates ideas with their corresponding “candidate moves”. These ideas aim at exploiting some particular character iestics of the situation (the characteristics you previously identified!). (3) Now calculate the variations and assess the positions to which they lead. In other words, weigh up an idea and assess it for suitability. (4) If the verdict on the idea is positive, you carry it out, that is you make the corresponding move. Let us take an example. Toshkov-Russek Saint John, 1988 White to move8 Progressive Thinking As we study the situation, our attention is drawn to the following: (a) the opposition of the queens, and the fact that the bishop on d6 is to some extent “hanging”; (b) the alignment of the king and bishop on the a2-g8 diagonal (the pawn on £7 is pinned, which means the knight on g6 is unprotected). Such are the tactical features, Of the strategic ones, we notice: () White’s pawn superiority in the centre, and Black’s on the queenside. From the above, some ideas and “candidate moves” emerge: (A) White could try to pick up the bishop on d6 by jumping to bS or £5 with a knight: 1 Dcb5; 1 Bats; 1 &fs. (B) He might attempt to win the knight on g6 after clearing the pawn from 4; thus, 1 5. (C) He could prepare the advance of his e- and f-pawns: 1 @de2; 1 W2. ‘You might ask about the order in which the candidate moves should be examined, The answer is, first of all look at the most promising ones, those which are forcing and tactical in character. Only then examine the moves which aim to carry out a strategic plan. So let us proceed to the calculation of variations. (A) It’s clear that knight excursions to bS promise nothing good, while 1 5 doesn’t lead to a forced line of play, and would require detailed investigation. So we switch to the following possibility: (B) 1 eS —a fairly straightforward analysis shows that White wins. The verdict on the idea is positive, The move can be played. As you see, then, we never got round to examining the strategic moves 1 Qde2 and 1 Wd2. In the game, the continuation was: 1 e5! DxeS 2 f4 (the knight perishes) 2.. Deg 3 hxgd Axgd 4 Kel Rad8 5 Bed ... 1-0. In this case the winning idea was “on the surface”, the variations proved very simple and White didn’t need to “dig deep”. Let us visualize the scheme of thought like this: ae ae Ce reson = 7 So POSITIVE \) VERDICT ASSESS THE | ———> 10 Progressive Thinking 9 But is what we have said above realistic? Usually it all happens a bit differently. When a player turns his attention to the placing of the queens and the vulnerability of the bishop on d6, and notes the corresponding moves 1 \cbS and 1 db5, it’s hard to imagine him not looking immediately at the capture of the knight—I...oxbS. In other words, a preliminary, cursory inspection of the elementary forced variations takes place as soon as the idea emerges. In this way, idea “A” is discarded without more ado. Next, the player will notice the opposition of the bishop and king, the pin on the £7-pawn and the unprotected position of the knight on g6. The move 1 5 comes into his head, and he immediately starts working out the variations. With this, the preparatory work is practically finished. The player will dispense with any further investigations, He will re-check his variations and play 15. “eos. yeaarrve STUDY THE VERDICT oo 3 N va Deas It’s easy to see that this scheme differs substantially from the previous one. If idea “B” cropped up first (as well it might), the scheme of thought would be simplified still further: POSITIVE :\ VERDICT stupy THE \_ ‘CALCULATE; POSITION >| Assess THE =: : 2 IDEA We will agree to classify this scheme as progressive thinking, by which we mean a simple, straightforward train of thought, In chess as in life, battles are fought between ideas, As a rule, the more sophisticated ones prevail. We now offer 180 positions for solution, which we hope will help young players to pursue their mental development and conceive new, interesting ideas.Progressive Thinking 11 10. Progressive Thinking Black to move Black to moveProgressive Thinking 13 12. Progressive Thinking 20 14 Black to move Black to move 2+ Black to move 5 Black to move Black to move14 Progressive Thinking Progressive Thinking 15 Black to move Black to move16. Progressive Thinking Progressive Thinking 17 Black to move18 Progressive Thinking : Progressive Thinking 19 Black to move Black to move20. Progressive Thinking Progressive Thinking 21 Black to moveProgressive Thinking 23 22. Progressive Thinking24. Progressive Thinking Progressive Thinking 25 87 88" 93 94* Black to move Black to move Black to move26 Progressive Thinking Progressive Thinking 27 _— 100* 105* 106*28 Progressive Thinking Progressive Thinking 29 109* 110 us 116 it 112* 17 118 Black to moveProgressive Thinking 31 30 Progressive Thinking 128** 127** 122** 21 130* ht 4: a aa es Black to move 129* 24 I 123*32 Progressive Thinking 133** Progressive Thinking 33 136% uit Lage 138* 143* 144t*34. Progressive Thinking 1ase** 147+ 148*** Progressive Thinking 35 151*#* 152*** Black to move 1ss*#*36. Progressive Thinking 157" 161** 1sge+#* 163** 167* Progressive Thinking 37 164* 166* 168**38 Progressive Thinking Progressive Thinking 39 175" 176***2 Reciprocal Thinking After noticing an idea and briefly familiarizing ourselves with it, we pro- ceed to its detailed examination. What do we do if we find that it doesn’t work? Do we discard it and try another one, and then the next one and so on? Then do we come back to the first one, and study it more closely? This is hardly sensible. If we fail to make an idea work, we need to stop and ascertain the cause of failure (i.e. answer the question “why?”), and then attempt to correct our design. Let’s take an example. Aronin-Kholmov ‘Yerevan, 1962 RZ mime a a at Black to move It’s interesting to acquaint ourselves with Kholmov’s comments: “Black’s advantage is undeniable. It looks as if 32... .2d4 would be very strong, removing the last obstacle—the knight on f5. But then there could f follow 3 Dxd4 We3+ 34 Shi cxd4 35 Wxa5, and White obtains saving chances based on the threat of perpetual check. This variation didn’t satisfy me, so my thoughts took a new direction. What about 32...Wd2 ? Then White evi- dent has to play 33 £112, to defend against mate. But after that, it's simple: d1+ 34 Bfl £2+! 35 Sexf2 HxfS+ 36 exfS ExfS+ 37 Se3 Weil, and Black wins. “That’s it! I’ve found the solution—let’s go! “And yet just as my hand was reaching out towards the queen, an uneasy feeling came over me. On 32...Wd2, White has 33 Qh4!. What then? Black Reciprocal Thinking 41 would gain nothing from 33...d4, in view of 34 Wxd6. The threats of 35 Weg6+ and 35 WxcS would be quite unpleasant. After a little more thought, I came to the conclusion that the knight on £5 had to be eliminated at once, 32,.28xf3! 33 exfS Wd2, and White resigned. What did Kholmov do? He corrected his idea. How? By altering the order of moves. Let’s look at another episode from play. Purins-Inglitls Correspondence game, 1971 White to move After 1 Wxd6+ $67, or 1 Dxd6 hxg6, no decisive continuations are to be found. What is White to do? 1 bS+!! An important interpolation! With this intermediate check, White causes the long diagonal to be opened, allowing his bishop to join in the attack with tempo: 1...cxb5 (or 1...67 2 Doxd6+ a6 3 Ac? mate) 2 Wad6+ b7 3 Lxed (check!) Dc6 4 &xc6+ a6 5 Wa3 mate. Therefore, Black resigned. By inserting a useful intermediate move, White brought about a favourable change in the position. Thus, an idea may be corrected by: (a) altering the order of moves; (b) inserting an intermediate move. ‘A simplified representation of the “reciprocal” scheme of thought would look like this:42 Reciprocal Thinking POSITIVE STUDY THE ‘VERDICT Position | —> |\— 1 2 CORRECT THE IDEA | “—————— | THE cause Aproblem that many young players have is that they don’t think about the reason why one idea doesn’t work; they set about examining the next one straight away. In other words in the logical chain of their thought there is a link missing, namely “ascertain the cause”, and consequently “correct the idea”. This results in missed opportunities and a low quality of play. Experience has shown that the reciprocal manner of thinking is easy for a player to develop. 183* 185* Reciprocal Thinking 43 182* 184* Black to move Black to move44 Reciprocal Thinking Reciprocal Thinking 45 187* 188 193 194* Black to move46 Reciprocal Thinking Reciprocal Thinking 47 201* 202 204* Black to move Black to move48 Reciprocal Thinking Black to move 212* 214 Reciprocal Thinking 49 217* 218 219** 220**50 Reciprocal Thinking Reciprocal Thinking 51 230** 2034** Black to move 225*** 226*** Black to move$2 Reciprocal Thinking 2358+ 236%* 238* 243** Reciprocal Thinking 53 2420054 Reciprocal Thinkin, Reciprocal Thinking 55 1S cf 2aqeee 2agees 253 254 255* 256* 257* Black to move3 Reciprocal Thinking — Logic Quite often a player succeeds in physically eliminating the reason why an idea doesn’t work. This is achieved with the aid of logic. Sax-Partos Biel, 1985 White to move The straightforward 1 Exe6 2xe6 2 Exe6 looks obvious, but then Black parries the threat of 3 g6+ by playing 2...Wxc2. 1 e4!! bxc3 Now the queen can’t get to c2! 2 Hxe6 Axe6 3 Hxe6 £16 4 Hxf6, and Partos resigned. In this case White eliminated the direct defensive possibility (Wec8xc2). Now let us look at another example. Reciprocal Thinking - Logic $7 Bednarski-Ghitescu Bath, 1973 White to move White can’t play 1 Bh3 because of mate on g2. 1 a5! Depriving Black of his counter-threats on the long diagonal—a logical decision! 1x13 If 1...exd5, then 2 2h3, 2 Bxc6 Rxc6 3 gxi3 Dxf3+ 4 gl ... 1-0. Here White parried his opponent's counter-threat with tempo, that is he deprived him of an indirect defence. POSITIVE STUDY THE ee Postion } —— NEGATIVE 3 \ERDICT A toate — 158 Reciprocal Thinking = Logic Reciprocal Thinking —Logic 59 Sometimes more complex cases arise, Lukin-Yuneev Leningrad, 1989 261 262 White to move The knight on al is short of mobility. White can try to win it with 1 Bc4, but Black replies 1...2b8 and saves his piece by exploiting the weakness of the back rank: 2 Bel c2!. So let’s try to stop the black rook from coming into play: | Hd4+ &c8 (the square b8 is now inaccessible) 2 c4, and wins. However, the king isn’t forced to retreat to the eighth rank—Black has 1... > 2 x. 6\__ NEGATIVE 3 VERDICT NEGATIVE, 4 53 VERDICT Locic <—_—_—_———_. 4 LOGIC —— 7 STUDY THE POSITION60 Reciprocal Thinking — Logie Reciprocal Thinking — Logic 61 Black to move Black to move62. Reciprocal Thinking ~ Logic Reciprocal Thinking — Logic 63 Black to move64 Reciprocal Thinking — Logic Reciprocal Thinking ~Logic 65 289 290* 295 296 De Black to move Black ta move Black to move66 Reciprocal Thinking — Logic Reciprocal Thinking—Logic 67 Black to move68 Reciprocal Thinking - Logic Reciprocal Thinking - Logic 69 Black to moveiprocal Thinking Logic 71 70. Reciprocal Thinking - Logic Reciprocal Thinking — Logi72, Reciprocal Thinking - Logic Reciprocal Thinking - Logic 7374. Reciprocal Thinking - Logic Reciprocal Thinking - Logic 75 349* 352* 357** 358*76 Reciprocal Thinking — Logic Reciprocal Thinking - Logic 77 368* 364* 369* 370* 366 37i* 372** Black to move Black to move78 Reciprocal Thinking — Logic Reciprocal Thinking — Logic 79 380** PEE eg 374** EY Ve Oo Ose A a 375* 376** 381** 378** 383** : 384* Black to move Black to move Black to move80. Reciprocal Thinking - Logie Reciprocal Thinking — Logic 81 387 388* 393** 394** 389% 390 Black to move82. Reciprocal Thinking - Logic Reciprocal Thinking —Logic 83 397"** 401* 407 40s*** Black to move Black to move84 Reciprocal Thinking — Logic Reciprocal Thinking — Logie 85 40g 4loee* aise 4l6ee* Black to move 4i3ee* 4i4eee 419" 420** Black to move86 Reciprocal Thinking - Logic CP a VU, Be Laer URL Uo ast a a pata "gy Be a 42308 Black to move 4 Reciprocal Thinking — Auxiliary Idea Sometimes, to carry out one idea, you need to find another auxiliary one. Gulko-Vaganian Reggio Emilia, 1981 Black to move Black is in a difficult situation. To save himself, he will have to pick up the h-pawn (which is a long way away) and get back to the fS-square. But analysis shows that he is one tempo short. His position looks hopeless. 1...eS 2 bad Playing 2 h4 would be silly—the opposing king is in the “square”, 2..ee4!! The auxiliary idea! By threatening to take the ¢3-pawn, ‘Vaganian forces his opponent's next move: 3b4 After 3 seaS $43, the game would be dawn. 3..02d5! Reverting to the original idea—the route to the h-pawn is now one square shorter! 4 bas deS 5 a6 StS 6 xa7 gd 7 Hh6 xh4 8 heS kegs But not 8...92937 on account of 9 a5! £3 10 bd4. 9 Sd5 SH 4-488 Reciprocal Thinking ~ Auxiliary Idea Reciprocal Thinking — Auxiliary Idea 89 S ‘THE S (x) THE (x) 428* Black to move90 Reciprocal Thinking — Auxiliary Idea Reciprocal Thinking — Auxiliary Idea 91 437* 439* 434" 435* Black to move Black to move92. Reciprocal Thinking - Auxiliary Idea Reciprocal Thinking ~ Auxiliary Idea 93 442 443 448 449** 445* 450* 4si* 4aq* 452* 453* Black to move94 Reciprocal Thinking — Auxiliary Idea Reciprocal Thinking — Auxiliary Idea 9596 Reciprocal Thinking — Auxiliary Idea Reciprocal Thinking — Auxiliary Idea 97 466** 467* Black to move 469%" 474" 475* 476** Black to move98 Reciprocal Thinking ~ Auxiliary Idea 4Tg*** 480* 47geeee 481* Reciprocal Thinking — Auxiliary Idea 99 Black to move A88t Black to move100 Reciprocal Thinking — Auxiliary Idea Reciprocal Thinking — Auxiliary Idea 101 4goee# 491" 496" 497* 494* 495e* 500** Black to move102 Reciprocal Thinking — Auxiliary Idea Black to move 503**e* Black to move 5 Mental Agility Every chess teacher watches his pupils and evaluates their mental capabilities. One of the criteria for this evaluation is their mental agility (quick-wittedness, resourcefulness). This quality is easy to detect by means of tests, Let’s look at the following example. F.Olafsson-Karpov Valletta, 1980 Black to move To find the winning idea, you have to show resource. 1,.Wb1+! 2 Het Wa2! A delicate manocuvre—an ambush is laid for the white queen. On 3 He2, Black has prepared 3...2\d2+. Therefore White resigned, Regarding the development of the mental faculties (and resourcefulness in particular), heredity and the age of the pupils are highly significant factors. As specialists will tell you, at the age of three, children should already be receiving a large quantity of the most varied information. This fortifies their nervous system and advances their mental development. Subsequently their brainwork must be stimulated by a variety of exercises, problems, puzzles, etc. There is no time to lose—the older they are, the less chance there is of developing their wits. We would strongly urge coaches working with young chessplayers to use more exercises with original, unconventional solutions, since it is at a young, age that mental agility can be successfully developed. This quality sometimes helps a chessplayer to find the main idea in a position, but far more often it comes into play when searching for a auxiliary idea. The exercises offered in Chapters V and VI can be effectively used to assess your mental agility, but not to develop it.104 Mental Agility Mental Agility 105 505* 510* sii* Black to move so7* 508 509 sia oc Black to move106° Mental Agility Mental Agility 107 520* 521 526" 527 Black to move Black to move108 Mental Agility 528 529* 6 Mental Agility — Reciprocal Thinking — Auxiliary Idea ‘Think about the following position and find the strongest continuation. Behrhorst-Dizdar Berlin, 1985 Black to move ‘Now let us follow your train of thought. What did you look at in the first place? You thought about taking the rook, didn’t you? But White replies 2 ‘2h6, and by threatening mate he recovers the lost material. Next you will have studied the logical move 1...n5. Its aim is to drive the queen off the g-file and thus destroy the mating set-up. But in this case logic is powerless: 2 Wg3 h4 3 Wed. It is only after this that you go a little more deeply into the position and unearth the winning auxiliary idea. In the game, there followed: 1..£5!1 Unblocking the seventh rank with tempo. 2exfS Hxdl 3 2h6 Ba7! 4 Bel Wad, and White resigned. ‘What helped you (and Dizdar) to find the winning auxiliary idea? Your mental agility and resourcefulness, I believe. It is something you must keep testing!HO Mental Agility - Reciprocal Thinking — Auxiliary Idea Mental Agility — Reciprocal Thinking ~ Auxiliary Idea 111 POSITIVE Gye) (CALCULATE; \ VERDICT Position | > —> (assess tHE | 1 2 IDEA 0 NEGATIVE BEES 534 VERDICT A 3 RESOURCE —— 4112. Mental Agility — Reciprocal Thinking — Auxiliary Idea Mental Agility - Reciprocal Thinking - Auxiliary Idea 113 543, 544, 549 Black to move114 Mental Agility — Reciprocal Thinking — Auxiliary Idea Mental Agility — Reciprocal Thinking — Auxiliary Idea 115 oe Pa wits tt guy Sette Ze Black to move 558* 7 ee 27 1S) ae a 7 Black to move Black to move Black to move116. Mental Agility — Reciprocal Thinking - Auxiliary Idea Mental Agility - Reciprocal Thinking — Auxiliary Idea 117 - 573* 574* Black to move Black to move118 Mental Agility — Reciprocal Thinking — Auxiliary Idea Reciprocal Thinking ~ Auxiliary Idea 119 S77 S78 583 584+ 586* Black to move120 Mental Agility — Reciprocal Thinking — Auxiliary Idea Mental Agility - Reciprocal Thinking — Auxiliary Idea 121 Black to move122, Mental Agility — Reciprocal Thinking — Auxiliary Idea Mental Agility — Reciprocal Thinking ~ Auxiliary Idea 123 Black to move Black to move124 Mental Agility ~ Reciprocal Thinking — Auxiliary Idea Mental Agility — Reciprocal Thinking — Auxiliary Idea 125 6ll 612* 617 618* Black to move 621** 622* Black to move126. Mental Agility — Reciprocal Thinking — Auxiliary Idea Mental Agility - Reciprocal Thinking — Auxiliary Idea 127 624* 629* 630* meme ena co wee Black to move Black to move128 Mental Agility — Reciprocal Thinking - Auxiliary Idea Mental Agility — Reciprocal Thinking — Auxiliary Idea 129 635** 636** 63gee* o43ee* 6398" Black to move Black to move130 Mental Agility - Reciprocal Thinking — Auxiliary Idea 64g 7 Imagination Kronlack-Kneller Liepaja, 1972 649 650*** White to move—assess the position The kingside pawns are blocked, and there’s no possibility of creating a passed pawn on the opposite wing. Does this mean it’s a dead draw? 1 Bd6 2c3 2 Se6 Rad 3 Kc2!! Ph6 4 b4! exbé If 4...2xb4, then 5 : — ‘&xb6, and the a-pawn is set in motion. Black to move 5 &b3! Extraordinary! The bishop is walled in! It was soon all over. 6528444 What helped Kronlack to discover his remarkable idea? Logic? No. Mental agility? Hardly. Imagination? Of course! That was what led him to the thought of shutting off the bishop. But what part did knowledge play? How does knowledge affect imagination? Let us take an example. Black to move132 Imagination ASelezniev, 1923 (conclusion of a study) White to move We have shown the diagram position to many a junior chessplayer. The task—"White to play and win”, or again “White wins in one move”—left them bewildered. Hardly anyone could find the solution, Why? Let us look into it. Two factors should be noted: (1) The pupils possessed the indispensable knowledge. for solving the position; they knew about the right to castle, (2) They also knew that castling usually takes place at the beginning of the game, and that if it doesn’t, something will happen to deprive the player of his castling rights. In other words, they had systematized and generalized their knowledge. As a result, the children subconsciously inferred that castling must be impossible in an advanced stage of the endgame. It was this inference that prevented them from finding 1 0-0-0+, Most of the small number who did give the right solution had come across something similar before—see the next diagram. ‘mate in one move Imagination 133 Discovery of the solution made such a strong impression on them that the idea stuck in their memory. Thus they found the concluding move of the Selezniev study with the aid of an analogy, that is, through knowledge and recollection. What about the remainder of those who found that move? They had managed independently to rid themselves of false inferences restricting their imagination. Let’s take a practical episode from a game between young players. Kamsky-Tiviakov Daugavpils, 1986 Black to move Of course, when Kamsky made his last move, 4\e2-d4, he had considered what would happen if Black captured on that square. Yet he was only think+ ing about a knight exchange, which is characteristic of such positions. The unconventional move 1,..5.xd4! escaped his attention. After 2 &xd4 e6 3 e3 eS, Black emerged with an extra piece. Why did White overlook 1...S2xd4 ? Kamsky (just like any other chess- player) had probably seen a knight exchange dozens of times before in this type of position. Black’s surrender of the fianchettoed bishop, which in most cases runs counter to common sense, was something he had perhaps never once come across, His knowledge had become generalized; for him, the knight exchange had become the typical precept. Hence 1...2xd4 was subconsciously excluded as a possibility. We may say that imagination is endangered not by knowl generalizations from it, for they entail various subconscious inhil yet generalizations from knowledge are a human characteristic that is essential to life. How can this contradiction be resolved? Clearly, the ability to think in a non-standard manner needs to be developed in young players from the time of their very first steps in chess. This means the coach must not merely impart knowledge and teach them the Principles and methods of combat, but also demonstrate exceptions to the tules, and, most importantly, stimulate their own investigations.134 Imagination Imagination 135 655 656 661 662* Black to moveImagination 137 136 Imagination Black to move 673 668 667 Black to move: Black to move 676*138 Imagination Imagination 139 678* 683" 684* Black to move 679 680 685* Black to move Black to moveImagination 141 140. Imagination Black to move142, Imagination Imagination 143 703 704* 709 710 705* 71* 712" Black to move144 Imagination Imagination 145 713* 714* Cd ae 716*** Rew 17 718 Zoe TIA Black to move146 Imagination Imagination 147 R5* 726 731* 732* ude 728 733* 734* 730* 7T36* Black to move Black to move148 Imagination Imagination 149 743** 744K 740" Black to move 74788 7Agtee Black to move Black to move150. Imagination 7498408 751 Black to move 7520088 71558* Imagination 151Solutions to Exercises 1 Short-Topalov, Linares 1995 The rook on d6 has two defenders. 1...Sc4! With the idea of first removing one, and then—the other. 2 Wxf3 2 BaS {2 3 Wxf2 Wado. 2...8xd5 3 Bxd5 Exe3 The rest is a matter of straightforward technique. 4 Wi6 We7 5 Wi2 Wed 6 db2 Wh4+ 7 Sal Hh3 8 Wil He3 0-1 2 Ehivest-Kir.Georgiev, Vrsac 1987 1 Wad! The pin allows him to win a knight. 1..Wd6 2 ¢7 Wxe7 3 Wxd5 etc. 3 Matanovié-D.Byrne, Vincovci 1968 1 Ab6! The d4 square is needed for the knight. 1...Be8 2 Add Wad 3 Dxe6 1-0 4 Krasenkov-Gleizerov, Poland 1993 The black rooks are very restricted in their movement. 1 Ed8+ @f7 2 Leb Bec? 2...bc7 3 Le8+. 3 Hdd! and Gleizerov resigned. 1-0 5 Stein-R.Byrne, Sousse 1967 Led! 1-0 If L...dxe4 2 Bcbl! Wa6 3 &xe7; 1..Wa6 2 cxd5. 6 Mukhamedzianoy-Pelts, Ryazan 1976 TS! gxh5 1...Hed 2 hxg6 exg6 4 Exb4. 2 Dhd! Hehd 2..He4 3 WB. 3 gxbd Wa3 4 We2 27 5 Wxh5 Wes 6 Eb3 Wa7 7 By3+ O18 8 Wxh6+ Se8 9 Ng8+ a7 10 Wes Wal 11 Wat7 Wes 12 We8+ 1-0 7 Mirkovié-Gluzman, Belgrade 1991 1 d6! MdS 1...Hc6 2 Be8+! (2 e722 Wxe7) 2...Wxe8 3 Wxe8+ Axes 4 a a 2 He8+!. 2 He7 1-0 2..Hd1+ 3 dg? We6+ 4 bh3 We8t 5 d7 £8 6 Hes, 8 Rozentalis-Nikoloff, USA 1994 1 Dba! 1-0 Solutions to Exercises 153 9 Kupreichik-Gavrikov, Lvov 1984 1 Efi! Kupreichik drives the queen away from the eS square, 1..1dg4 1... Wig6 2 WeS!. 2 2£3 Wg7 3 WeS! 1-0 10 Pismenny-Shwartz, Moscow 1968 Black is counting on moving his rook back and forth from g6 to ¢6. 1 gS Heb 2 Wie!! 28 The pawn ending is hopeless. 3 dd8 dg8 4 wd7 el 4...52f8 5 Wh8 mate. 5 g6 1-0 11 Khalifman-Ulibin, Sochi 1989 1 Dxe6!! Wre6 2 Hel Wrelt 2...De5 3 Axc5; 2b7 4 WeG6+ ... 1-0 W7 3 Be7, 3 Wrel 12 Reshevsky-Larsen, Lugano 1968 1 Df6! 2 DxeS Bxe2 3 Lxc2 Wal!! 0-1 13 Lein-Flesch, Ordzhonikidze 1964 1d5! exd5 1...2xc3 2 dxe6+ dxe6 3 Exd7 DaS+ 4 Sc2! Res 5 c5 etc. 2 Exd5! 1-0 2...Bxd5 3 exd5. 14 Magergut-Bykoy, Vladimir 1960 1 Qd2t 1-0 There is no defence against the manoeuvre of the knight to gS. 15 Matanovié-Dumpor, Novi Vecey 1986 1..g4! With the idea of clearing the second rank of pawns. Already then the well known manoeuvre HbI-h1-h2+ will be decisive. 2 hxg4 The threat was 2...exf2 3 Gxf2 g3+. 2..h3! 3 gxh3 exf2 4 Hb7+ sbf6 5 HbG+ weS 6 Ebs+ hdd 6..cbf4!. 7 soxt2 Zhi 8 o3 bi=W 9 Hxb1 Exbl 10 ef4 das 11 hd Efl+ 12 Sg5 hes 13 bg6 Riot 14 bg7 Ee7+ 15 eB Ba7! 0-1 16 Van der Wiel-Hiibner, Wijk aan Zee 1987 1 Ehhi! De7 2 Wh3 DEs 3 g4 1-0 Since the variation 3...Dh6 4 g5 DES 5 Wh8+ £7 6 g6+ Se7 7 ExfSI is easy to find. 17 De la Villa Garcia - Ilescas Cordoba, Spain 1995 1..Wh3! Black exploits the opponent’s pieces on the third rank. 2 Axg6 Other continuations are also unsatisfactory, e.g. 2 Sxe5 DxeS 3 Wxfs 3 We2 Hxhd) 3..2ixh4 4 WIB+ d7 5 Hdl + deb 6 WiS+ HbS; 2 He3 Bxc3154 Solutions to Exercises 3 Hxc3 Ddd 4 We3 g5 5 Bxc5 Exh4, 2...xc3 3 Axh8 Lxel 4 Wxt6 Das 0-1 Since there is no perpetual check: 5 WfB+ Sd7 6 WE7+ so6 7 Wi6+ obs. 18 Saloy-Wahls, Le Havre 1980 1 5! Threatening 2 We3. 1...04 Or 1.067 2 £6 2£8 3 WgS and 4 g4. 2 Wes 218 2.25 3 Wed, 3 Hxdd Wh8 4 fxg6 fxg6 5 We5 2g7 6 Bao We8 7 2xg6 1-0 19 Kofidis-Stefansson, Athens 1993 1,..€5! The winning idea! 2 dxe5 Be5 3 Kgl Exe6 4 &xe6 Dh4! A clear-cut move! 5 Exg3 fxg3 6 2d5 g2+ 7 dgi LeS 8 Led+ Wh8 0-1 20 Velitkovié-Musil, Yugoslavia 1984 1 RxeS!! He8 1...£xeS 2 DxeS We7 3 DE7+ kegs 4 Wed! with irresistible threats. 2 2c3 We6 3 e5 Dd7 4 Wi3 txeS 5 AxeS! dogs 5...Axes 6 WxfB+. 6 Dxc6 £d6 7 Ab4 Bf8 8 Wal Black lost on time. 21 Machulsky-Cvitan, Shibenuk 1987 1..£h3!! 2 gxh3 Wxh3 3 Wi3 Hed8 Exploiting the overloading of the knight, Cvitan wins back the piece and remains a pawn ahead: 4 @ab3 Dest 5 Wrxh3 Dxh3+ 6 dhl Dud2 7 Dud? Bxd2 ... 0-1 22 Dely-Suetin, Kecskemet 1972 1.BhS! 0-1 2 b4 WA3+ 3 gl Qd3; 2 Bh WH+ 3 gl Dad 4 Hor Best. 23 Karpoy-L.Portisch, Tilburg 1988 1 £3! The black rook is in an extremely poor position. 1..Wb7 Of course it is possible to shed a pawn by 1...Le5 2 Dxe5 dxeS 3 W2 but it would hardly affect the outcome of the game. 2 Hxf6 WbS 3 We3 Wl+ 4 sbg3 Welt 5 Ghd 1-0 24 JokSié-Werner, Biel 1975 1 £3! A winning move and a theoretical novelty! 1..Wh4 1..Wxd5 2 We2; 1..WE5 2 a3! and 3 dxe6. 2 Lg5 WhS 3 Lxd8 Mxd8 4 Was! But not 4 dxe6—4...21xd2 5 e7 Bxg2+!. 1-0 4...b6 5 dxe6!. Solutions to Exercises 155 25 Matanovié-Soos, Israel 1965 1 Dast! exdS 1...2c5 2 D+! Hh8 3 Hh3 h6 4 Lxc5 Wxe5 § £5. 2 Be3 dxe4 2.,.Wa4 3 Bg3. 3 xed bxe4 4 We3 g6 5 Wxed Qb7 6 We7! 267 ‘WeS £6 8 Wxe7... 1-0 26 Ogaard-Barczay, Lublin 1975 1...b3! Freeing the b4 square for the knight. 2 Wed 2 Wxb3 Wxb3 3 axb3 Do4; 2 Wo1 Ab4. 2...Ab4 3 Ed? Hdd 4 Wab3 Bhds 0-1 27 Henkin-Karpman, Minsk 1989 1 Ef4! The knight cannot be saved (2 Hc4) 1-0 28 Kopye-P.Gomez, Correspondence 1987/89 1 e6! fxe6 1...2fe8 2 7 Hd7 3 Wa4 Dc6 4 Bxg7+ Ph8 5 Hest; 1...Wxeb 2 Wad 6 3 Wxb4 Bxd6 4 Bgel Wd7 5 203.2 Wad Dds 2...c2 3 Exg7+ Gh8 4 Hek+ hxgs 5 Wh8t Wt7 6 MhS+! WxhS 7 Wxh74; 2.26 3 Lxc6.3 Lxd5 1-0 29 Vistanetskis-Kholmoy, Vilnius 1953 1..g5! 2 Se3 d5!! The threat of d5-d4 forces White to accept the sacrifice. 3 exdS exd5 4 Oxd5 Axd5 $ Rxd5+ Lh8 6 Zacl b6 7 Lxg5 On 7 a3 follows 7..WeS 8 Hfdl Ae7. No good is 7 &xc6 Bxd2 8 Rxd2 because of 8...Wd6!. 7..hxg5 8 4 Dd4 9 £4 guid 10 pxfd Hxd5! 11 exdS Det+ 12 hg2 West 13 Hf3 Dalat 0-1 30 Ehlvest-Fominykh, Helsinki 1992 1 £6!1 Creating irresistible threats on the 8th rank. 1...Wd6 2 Hdl Wxd8 3 ‘Bxd8 c5 4 Bgl exb4 5 Bgdl 1-0 31 Instructive example 1..d4!! After 2 exd4 (2 &xc6 dxc3!) the cl-h6 diagonal is opened and Black wins a bishop: 2...Axc3 3 &xc3 Rxc3 4 Wxc3 We5+. 32 Browne-Sax, London 1975 1 Ac6!! Browne prepares to seize the long diagonal. 1....xc6 1...bxc6 2 Rxa6 bs 3 Exc3 Wxc3 4 Ld4. 2 dxe6 The c6 pawn must be taken, but after 2..Exd1+ 3 Wxd1 Bxc6 follows the blow 4 Exc3! (4...Wxe3 5 Wd8+ bg7 6 2d4+), 1-0156 Solutions to Exercises 33 M.Gurevich-Bareev, Belgrade 1988 1 £51! Freeing the f4 square for the knight, 1..2%e6 1...gxf5 2 Df4 Be7 3 Dg6+ ke7 4 Dxe7 Sxh6 5 Hd6 etc. 2 fxg6 €3 There is no salvation —2...Lig7 3 DiT+ hg8 4 De7+ &18 5 Dxe6. 3 2h7 mate 34 Smystov-Robatsch, Amsterdam 1954 1 He3! Smyslov finds a way to ‘put pressure’ on the knight. 1...We7 2 HES of 3 xed Dh4 4 Dl6+ Kxf6 5 Bxi6 Naf 6 Russ Wxts 7 Wh7+ eB 8 Wxd7 He8 9 Wrc7 g4 10 hxgd Ws 11 265 1-0 35 Yurkov-Belinkov, Moscow 1967 1..f6! Bad is 1..22xf3—2 Wxe5 (2 d8-W Hf2) 2.202 3 Wg3. 2 bgl Wel+ 3 th2 Wiz 4 Wel The threats to his king force White to leave the d-pawn to its own fate. 4..2g6 5 Wel Wd2 6 £b2 Wxd7 7 SxeS Wad ... OL 36 Balashov-Sunye, Wijk aan Zee 1982 1 Hc6! Now 1...xc6 is no good because of 2 dxc6 He8 3 DdS+ we6 4 Wxfo+ Soxd5 5 Wxf7+ Sxc6 6 Belt &b6 7 a5 mate, while on 1...8c8 comes the very strong 2 Hfel with numerous threats, 1-0 37 Jansa-Béhm, Amsterdam 1975 1 h4! 248 On a clear board the bishop has no decent square. 1...Sxh4 2 Wed; 1...S.d2 2 Hdl We6 3 £e2!; 1...216 2 Wes dhs 3 eax xf 4 Wad s€g7'5 He3. 2 He8 Black has no moves. The threat is 3 We4!. 2...96 2...b5 3 Bxd8; 2.,.0c8 3 Wxc8! Wxc8 4 Ae7+. 3 Rxgé HbS 4 xads Wad8 5 Wxbs Axg6 6 g3 DeS 7 Wh7 a5 8 De7+ hs 9 Axts Wee 10 Wed ... 1-0 38 Larsen-Pomar, Las Palmas 1975 1..d3!! Excellent! On 2 exd3 follows 2...Wxf3 3 cl (otherwise 3...2f4) 3...Qf4! and all the same the knight gets to £4, 2 c3 Le5 3 Dal 3...dxe2 was threatened, 3...2xb2 4 Bg3 4 @ixb2 dxe2 5 Bxe2 Wxf3+ 6 Meg? Dt. 4...WES 5 Dxb2 dxe2 6 Ded Wd3 7 b3 We3 0-1 39 Gauglitz-Hever, Budapest 1985 1..Wedt! The decisive move! On 2 Wd2 comes the planned 2...h2!!. 2 Be2 Bad is 2 Wxe4 fxe4, since the rook comes under double attack and if 2 Eel, not allowing the move in the game, then 2...2e8! 3 Wxe4 Hxed! 4 Hb1 Be2+ 5 El Hh2! and Black wins. 2...e3+ 3 Wxe3 Wxe2+ 4 Be Wed+ 5 Wred fxed ... 1-0 Solutions to Exercises 157 40 Lobron-Schiissler, West Germany 1983 At present it is difficult to see what White can exploit in the enemy position. 1 dS! Ab 1...2e5 2 £4; 1..Ae7 2 Wed!. 2 Aga By combining threats on the king and bishop, Lobron achieves victory. 2...Wg5 2...Wd6 3 We3!; 2,..Wd8 3 Wes £c2 4 Wh6+ ses 5 A+ Wis 6 He8 mate. 3 hd! WAS 4 Be5 Unclear is 4.243 Wxds 5 Wes dé, 4.,.We2 5 Wis Hd6 6 Ze? 41 Azmaiparashvill-Ye Jiangehuan, Peking 1988 1 We6!! 1 Wxa5 lets slip the win: 1...Wd6+ 2 W6+ wa8! 3 Sbs Wh4+, 1..Wb4 1...Wd3+ 2 Wbs+. 2 Wa7! 1-0 42 Kosikoy-Bezman, USSR 1986 1 Hf2! The £7 pawn is more important than the knight! 1 Bd2 does not achieve its objective: 1..Ke7+! (1...xb3? 2 Hg2) 2 ddl Mxf7 3 Bxd6 Hd7, 1.Hxb3 2 Bg? Kbi+ 3 Lf2 Hb2+ 4 gl Bxg2+ 5 xg? Dgo 6 S12 DMB 7 de3 Deb 8 ted3 d5 9 He3 1-0 43 Bagiroy-Vooremaa, Tallinn 1981 1..Qf4l 2 £3 Or 2 gxf4 gxf4 3 Heol We6+ 4 Ph] Be2 5 Wl We6+ 6 gl 37 eh Wh6. 2...Wb6 3 Hael Dd3 0-1 44 Hort-Sigurjonsson, Reykjavik 1978 1 R£6! Bf3+ 1..Exf6 2 Be7 Be6 3 Exd7 Exe4 4 Df6+; 1...06 2 Bxg7 exd5 3 &xd4!; 1...Ac6 2 Heb Hes 3 fxeS Wxeé 4 Dts. 2 Hg2 c6 3 He7! Delt 4 Wxel xe 5 Wxe7 Wxe7 6 2xe7 cxd5 7 cxd5 1-0 45 Wirtensohn-Niklasson, Reggio Emilia 1977/78 1 Sg5! Picking up on the h7 square. 1..hxg5 1...Ste7 2 Axe7+ Axe7 3 Wxd8+ Bxd8 4 &xf6 gxf6 5 Bxe7 Hdl+ 6 Del. 2 Axgs Ded 2...26 3 Axf7!, 3 Dxf7 De5 3...dext7 4 Wxed. 4 Dgs! 1-0 46 E.Vladimirov-Agzamov, Vilnus 1978 1 De6! The struggle for the h6 square. 1..Hxe6 1...fKxe6 2 Lg6+ Lxg6 3 fxg6+ GhB 4 Hxh6+; 1..WA6 2 Dgs+ hs 3 Wxas Db4 4 Wxcs. 2 fred Wre6 3 Led Wa6 4 215+ dh8 $ Lg6! The h6 square falls! 1-0 47 Torre-Kinlay, London 1977 1..b2!! 2 5 2 Bxb2 Ld2+! 3 Hxd2 Bb3+ 4 de2 He3+; 2 La2 Kl. 2.Eb3+ 3 Hed dS+! 4 dxd5 Hg8 5 c6 Hd8+ 6 cS BbS+ 7 Sed Hdd 8 &c3 Hb3+ 9 de2 edt! 0-1 10 Sdl He3+.158 Solutions to Exercises 48 AdorJan-Ostojié, Polanica Zdroj 1970 1 d6! Adorjan finds a profound idea, 1..Wxd6 1...Dxd6 2 Ads Wa 3 Qxd7 Wxd7 4 05; L..xd6 2 Dds Wak 3 Lxd7 Wxd7 4 DdG. 2 Des Was 2...Wxds 3 Wh3+ Wed 4 Wxcd+ Exod 5 Uxd7. 3 xd? Wxd7 4 W3+ Lbs § 23! In this move also lies White’s idea. The bishop sacrifice on hG6 is inevitable. 5..We6 6 Axh6 Axb4 7 Lxg7+! Sxg7 8 h6+ HxhG 9 97 Hg8 10 Bg? 1-0 49 V.Milov-A.Hoffman, Martini 1994 1 aS! A highly unpleasant surprise! It looks like Hoffman was anticipating the natural 1 2xc4. True, ‘surprises occur more often when least expected’. The queen comes under attack by the white pieces. 1...W/e8 Or 1.88 2 Babl Wa7 3 Eb7 Wxd4 4 Dxd7 dxd7 5 Wb7+ d6 6 Sb4+ $5 7 We7+. 2 Efcl 0-0 No better are the other continuations: 2...2d5 3 Rxcd Web 4 2xd5 Wxd5 5 Wxd5 exd5 6 Hel+ dB 7 Habl or 2.227 3 Excd Wa8 4 &b4 DdS 5 Hacl D7b6 6 Hc6 Hb7 7 Led, 3 Bxed Wes He cannot avoid defeat: 3..Wb8 4 Hb1 Wa6 (4..Wa7'5 Eb7) 5 Ab4. 4 &b4 Das 5 Qxf8 Wxt8 6 Hob a5 7 Hdl ... 1-0 50 Dobsza-Svensson, Correspondence 1985 1 Bl! Dobsza transfers the rook to perform the function of defending the f-pawn, thereby releasing the queen for a meeting with the black monarch. Svenson cannot prevent this. 1e3 1...Be4 2 Wg3 Bg4 3 We3 Be7 4 Wag7+!; 1...We7 2 WES He6 3 Wxh7. 2 Wh4 1-0 51 Halasz-Meyer, Budapest 1984 1 Wad! Creating irresistible threats. 1...Hfa8 1..aa8 2 Add. 2 WbS a4 3 Dad Bxd4 4 Bxc6 Sd8 5 Rd6+ Lc8 6 Kelt+ Sb8 7 Ha7 Wi 8 Hb7+ 1-0 52 Tal-Hulak, Novi Sad 1974 1 bdt! In anticipation of mass exchanges Tal prepares a break on the queenside. 1...g5 2 Exf6 Hxf6 3 a4 Gaining the maximum number of tempi. 3.017 4 Wale+ Wxi6 5 Rxf6+ x06 6 a8! Les 7 bS Sd7 8 b6 h6 9 13 1-0 53 Schiisster-Vaganian, Tallinn 1983 1..Rd21! 2 Bxc8 2 Dxd2 Wxg3 and 3...8fh8. 2...Hxe8 3 Db7 3 @xd2 ‘Wxg3 4 Wb7+ De7. 3...We7 4 Dxd2 Wxg3 5 Dfl Wrel 6 Dd6+ 26 7 Axc8 g3 8 Wa3 WI mate Solutions to Exercises 159 54 Ivanovié-Z.Nikolié, Budva 1986 1 £4! Ivanovié prepares an invasion of the rook on the eighth rank. 1SKxf4 1.297 2 Mxg7 Bxg7? 3 Wadd; 1.26 2 dS. 2 SdSt Qxb6 2...Se3+ 3 Bxe3! dxe3 4 Wxe3 Wo (4...2e6 5 Wxe6) 5 Bxf7+ Sxf7 6 Eflt Q£5 7 24. 3 Be8+ O18 3.27 4 Wxd4+ Wie 5 Wxf6+ dxt6 (5...Exf6 6 Bg8 mate) 6 BAl+ 265 7 Qxf7. 4 Wi Wd7 4. Leb 5 Bxe6! (5 Lxe6 Wxeb) 5...Hxf3 6 Exg6+ Sh8 7 Hg8 mate. § Hf WES 6 Qxt7+ Sxt7 7 Bxe8 1-0 7..Rxc8 8 Wd5+ df6 9 Wxd4+ segs 10 hd+ GhS 11 BxfS+ gxf5 12 Wf6. $5 Naumkin-V.N.Kozlov, Pinsk 1986 1 Dh4!! White wants to surround the bishop on g4. 1...2h6 2 g3 Re5 3 {4 Qd4 4 £5! Dd7 4.03 5 Dgs. § h3 Des 6 (6! Bd7 7 Bxa6 213 8 Dxf3 Duf3 9 Dud6+ hd8 10 He8+ Ge7 11 Acd Dd2+ 12 Dxd2 Exfo 13 Ee8+ wb6 14 Ded... 1-0 56 Burger-Keglevié, Correspondence 1977 L HG! 1 Ded h6; 1 DS NFS. 1.206 1...bxc3 2 Wes. 2 Hxes Wxe3 3 BeS Wal+ 3...c6 4 og2! (4 Wie Welt 5 dg2 Wxh6). 4 dg? Was 5 c5 1-0 5.u80h8 6 06 £6 7 HeB!. 57 Browne-Mariotti, Venice 1971 1 Wb3 Dc6 2 Lg8! Cutting off the black king’s way back, 2..Bxg8 2...4d7 3 Heé!; 2...We7 3 He7!. 3 Wxg8 d3 4 b4t hS 5 Hedi b8 6 2d6 1-0 58 Evdokimoy-Madl, Budapest 1990 L.@Dxf2 2 bxf2 2 Bx Oxc3, 2...fg4! Preparing the manoeuvre Migi-d4xc3. 3 Dd5 Bxd5! 4 dgl Ba7 59 Yudasin-Kramnik, Ist match game, Wijk aan Zee 1994 1.25! The white king is holed up in the corner of the board so Kramnik plans an opening of the h-file. But first he needs to eliminate the £2-pawn. 1.63 leads only to a draw: 2 gxf3 Wxf3+ 3 Bg2 Hes 4 Hegi Exe? 5 Bxg? Wdl+ 6 Bgl W£+. 2 We7 There is no acceptable continuation: 2 ‘WeS 3 3 Bgfl exf2 4 BxeS Dg3+; 2 Wh4 Wxf2 3 Bxed Hae8 4 He (4 ExeS HxeS 5 h3 Hel 6 Exel Wxel+ 7 @h2 Wg3+ 8 Sgl De3 9 Wed Wel+ 10 @h2 Dfl+) 4..Hg3+! 5 hxg3 Wxg3 6 Hefl (6 Eh4 Hel) 6..Bh5+ 7 gl Ke? 8 WFB+ (8 H1f2 el+ 9 Efl We3+ 10 Bap Exflt 11 €xfl Bh mate) 8..0exf8 9 Bxf7+ g8 10 HiB+ Se7 11 B1s7+ Sho. 3 3 Hxe3 3 Ddd exf2 4 Wxe5 Dg3+; 3 Hefl exi2 4 HxeS Dg3+. .Wxe3! Iterum Crispinus. 4 Dd6 Be7 5 Axf5S gxi5 6 Wd6 We ... 0-1160 Solutions to Exercises 60 Panno - Gomez-Baillo, Santiago 1987 1d6! &xd6 1.218 2 h6!. 2 Sc2 BdS 3 h6! 1-0 3...b3+ 4 Sxb3 218 5 hxg7 Sixg? 6 xg? Hd3+7 hod Bxe3 8 bus. 61 Rivas-Mestel, Marbella 1982 1 De7!! We8 1...Bxgs 2 hxgs Wxe7 3 fxe7 Leb 4 Ldl+ tes 5 Radt; 1..WA8 2 Sxg6+ Sh8 (2...fxg6 3 h5) 3 AES KxfS 4 exfS h7 5 Ags! 2 dl Hh8 3 Wht 1-0 62 R Byrne-Korchnoi, Sousse 1967 1... Re6! 2 We3? Byrne overlooks his opponent’s threat. Better is 2 4, though after 2...2£5+ 3 Ho2 dB! (3...8a4? 4 Wd4! with very dangerous threats) Black should win. 2...Zal+! 0-1 63 A.Sznapik-VLSchmidt, Poland 1977 1 Q2hS! In this original way Sznapik demolishes his opponent’s king’s position 1.245 1..@h8 2 Sg7+ zB 3 Sxp6! bxg6 4 Who; 1...Af8 2 QxfB ExfS 3 7 Mes 4 West, 2 Wed HxfS 3 Qxge Nes 4 LET+ Shs 5 xg5 1-0 64 Hort-Vukié, Ljubliana/Portoroz 1977 1...8/b8!! Saving the game. 2 WyS+ dec8 3 Wel+ bas 4 Wess ee8 5 Welt a8 4-4 Playing for a win is dangerous: 6 Wo6? Wxbs 7 Wxbs Dict+ 8 dheS Dubs 9 hd D6! 10 b4 Se7; 6 Dad? Was 7 she7 Wess. 65 Darga-O’Kelly, Madrid 1957 1 d5!! White seizes the long diagonal with his queen and creates dangerous threats, 1...exd5 More stubborn is 1...Sexd5 2 Wd4 tg8 3 Ded (interesting is 3 K5e3—3...05! 4 HxeS Bad8 5 Hdl £6 6 Exd5 Wxd5 7 Wrd5+ Bxd5 8 Exd5 fxg5 9 HxgS Mc8 10 g3 Hc2 11 Hb5 with the advantage) 3...Wd8 4 Exd5 exdS 5 @f6+ wh8 6 He7! M8 (6..Wxe7 7 Dxd5+ £6 8 Axe7 Bad8 9 Dds Bas 10 Wes! Hfas 11 De3 Bdl+ 12 DEL Bel 13 W17!) 7 g4! and Black is helpless. 2 Wa4 tog8 2...Wf6 3 Dxh7!. 3 Ze? With the threat of 4 De6. 3...6 4 Ble6 Wd8 5 Xxh7 Ze8 6 Wh4 1-0 66 G.Garcia-Klinger, Havana 1966 1 Ef6+ @h7 1..Gh5 2 Bhgo!. 2 Re7+! Hh6 2...eh8 3 Bes. 3 Hfg7! 1-0 On the only move 3...2b3 (otherwise 4 B4g6 and 5 g4 mate) follows 4 soh4! with inevitable mate. Solutions to Exercises 161 67 Ghitescu-Stoica, Bucharest 1981 1 b4! The eighth rank is weak. 1uh6 1...2a4 2 b5; 1...g5 2 Se3. 2 bxeS bxc5 3 DbS Dxa2 4 Bfet Wed 5 Dd6 ... 1-0 68 Sliwa-VLSchmidt, Poland 1970 1 eG! Wae6 1.08 2 Df5!. 2 Mel DB 3 Dgl Hxd6 3..Wd7 4 Ded. 4 Bxd6 W175 2d8... 1-0 69 E.Geller-L.Portisch, Moscow 1970 1 Sg51! An excellent idea! 1...Wd7 L...hxg5 2 Dg6; 1...WxgS 2 Wxf7+. 2 Hadi Ld6 3 Lxh6 gxh6 3..Dxb3 4-2xg7! wexg7 5 DES+. 4 WyG+ S18 5 Wot bg8 6 He3 1-0 70 Macharashvili-Gogadze, Tbilisi 1980 1 b4t! A total surprise! It becomes clear that he cannot play 1...Wxb4 because of 2 AxcS Wxc5 3 Dxb7 and L...Axb4 because of 2 Bed, Nor does 1 Bb3 achieve its objective: 1...$2b4! 2 a3 (2 Hd4 a5 3 Bfdl Ded). 2..Be5! with equality, 1.244 2 Bed We7 3 Hxd4 Qb6 4 Hxd8! On principle—that means strong! 4..dxa4 5 Exh8 Waxed 6 Ke8+! sed7 7 Edit be7 8 He8+! 1-0 71 Conrady-Velimirovié, Hague 1966 1...a3+ 2 tel b3!! Surprising: Pushing the pawn where it is doubly attacked. He could not play 2.,.c4—3 Exb4 2xa2 4 ded2! 2b3 5 cxb3. 3 exb3 He3+ 4 shd2 Exb3 5 axb3? 5 tc2! led to equality: 5..8b2+ 6 dc3 206 7 Exc6 Bxb7 8 Hd6. 5..a2 6 Hxb5 al=W 7 Hb4 95! 8 fxg5 Was 9 he3 Wre5+ 10 Hd3 Wes 11 Led WhS 12 263 Wxb3+ 13 ded g7 0-1 72. O.Hansen-Beliavsky, Plovdiv 1983 1 3! &xg6 There is nothing else. 2 Axg5 hxgs 3 &xg6 Wi6 4 Hb1! The attack is imesistible. 4..2a7 5 Wh2 Sc7 6 cxd4 g4 6...exd4 7 Rb&+. 7 &g? $18 8 Wh8+ we7 9 WeB+ a6 10 Hel 1-0 10..Ha6 11 Be5i. 73 Ritums-Akopdzhanian, 9th USSR Correspondence Team Championship 1 Dat! Excellently played! Weak is 1 De4+ c6 2 Dg3 HA 3 DxhS g6 4 g3—4...£5! 5 Se3 Hed. 1...e6 2 De3 1-0162 Solutions to Exercises 74 David-Martin, Correspondence 1988 1...Qed!! 0-1 He suffers material loss: 2 Dxc6 Dxf2 3 Axd8 Dxd3+ 4 Ph Al2+; 2 Dxe4 deed 3 Dxcé Rxf2+ 4 Bxf2 exd3 5 Dxd8 dxe2; 2 Le3 Rxd4 3 Bxd4 Dxd4 4 Wxd4 Axc3. 75 Chandor-Moét - Bottlik, Correspondence 1974 1,,.W/d3+!! 2 &g5 Other continuations also do not save him: 2 @hS Wh7+ 3 shed gi=W+; 2 &h6 Wd6+ 3 des (3 dehS Wh2+) 3...Wddl. 2...Wad! The concluding fine point. 3 Wxb7+ wxb7 4 Wxg2+ debs 5 Wa8 WeS+... 0-1 76 Ljubojevié-Tringov, Lucerne 1982 1 &g8! With the destruction of the h7 pawn Black’s defence collapses. 1.5 Or 1..Wxg8 2 We7+ de8 3 We8+ S17 4 Wa7+ df8 5 Wxd6+ ded 6 Wos+ E77 We7+ S18 8 We8+ G7 9 Wa7+ HB 10 dé. 2 Axh7 S16 3 exf5 Wh8 4 fxg6 1-0 77 Balashov-IFarago, Dortmund 1987 1 5! Weaving a mating net around the black king. 1...gxh6 2 Exh6 7 2...£6 3 xf Exi6 4 exf Dxal 5 Dgs Ld7 6 Be6+ SB 7 Be7!. 3 Hh? Dral 4 Mf6+ Sg6 5 Dh4+ PhS 6 DxfS+ 1-0 6...8e4 7 Dhot SE 8 Eh4+. 78 Kuindzhi-Antoshin, Moscow 1971 1 Eb4t! &xh5 It was possible to avoid the loss of the queen but not the wrecking of his position: 1...Wb7 2 Dxf6 Axf6 3 Wrxeb+. 2 Exc4 dred 3 BES eS 4 Axc6 exid 5 Wes Exgd 5...2x04 6 Wxcd Sb8 7 Ld5 He8 8 Wa6. 6 Sxd7+ Bxd7 7 We6+ Sd8 8 Wa8+ Sc7 9 Wxa7+ Sc6 10 Wa8+ Sc7 11 a5... 1-0 79 Szezerbak-Lazarev, Kiev 1960 1 Qxh6!! gxh6 1..Dxh6 2 Bxe7. 2 Wg3 og7 3 De2!! The knight is heading for the hS square! 3...Wb6+ 3...2d8 4 Af4 De7 5 Dhs+ Ses 6 WE. 4 &g2 Ets 5 Dd Wad 5..Wxb2 6 Hxe7+ Dxe7 7 DhS+ Sf 8 Wrd6 We5 (8...Bb4 9 Hel; 8...Wb4 9 Wxf6+ de8 10 Wh8+) 9 g7+ wf7 10 Lcdt etc. 6 Hed We5 7 DhS+ HB 8 g7+ 1-0 8...He8 9 DxlE+. 80 Bareza-Lengyel, Kecskemet 1968 1...€a7!! Now the rook can attack along the a and b-files. 2 ¢4 White has no satisfactory continuation, for example: 2 We2 Hb6! 3 dd3 Wa6+! 4 dc2 Wad 5 ed3 Hd6+ or 2 WE7 Wdl+ 3 db2 Bb6t. 2...Wa2+ 3 cl Walt 4 be2 Hab! 5 Wis Ma2+ 6 od3 Whi+ 7 Se3 Ba3+ 0-1 Solutions to Exercises 163 81 G.Timoshchenko-Ruban, Norilsk 1987 1 h3! Timoshchenko takes the a2-g8 diagonal and creates mating threats on it, 1..Wxg? 2 Wxe6+ Gh8 3 Sed Bh7+4 Lb! It was still not too late to lose: 4 #al?? Ha2+! 5 2xa2 Wb2 mate. 1-0 82 Instructive example 1 ad!! followed by 2 Ha3. There is no defence. 83 G.Kuzmin-Averbakh, Moscow 1974 1 gS! An attractive idea—clearing the diagonal of pawns. 1...frgS 2 ¢4 1-02.43 243 O47 4 Bxi7. 84 Kinderman-Tatai, Budapest 1987 1 De6+ deg8 2 Wal! The queen rushes to the other edge of the board in order to capture the solitary bishop. 2...2\g6 Or 2...2c8 3 Dd8 Wed 4 Wa7. 3 Qd8 1-0 85 A.Sznapik-Van der Wiel, Amsterdam 1984 White needs to eliminate the main defender—the knight £6. 1 e5! Wxe5 2 Ded! WhS 2... e7 3 Dxfo+ Ph8 4 Dxh7!, 3 Dxl6+ Uxt6 4 Wehs &xhs § Ext g5 6 8+ bg7 7 Bas He7 8 2a7 1-0 86 Kakhiani-Chelushkina, Volzhsky 1989 1..Dxg4!! Not complicated but quite elegant. 2 Sixg4 Ses 3 gi Bd3 Also sufficient was 3...Wh2+ 4 @f2 2d4 5 Wxe3 Wi4+. 4 We2 Wh2+ 5 2 Wet! 6 Sgl Rd4+ 7 Bez Bd2 8 Ws WxfS 9 Qxf5 Bxf2 10 Regd Exb2+ 0-1 87 Rogers-Hort, Biel 1985 1 Axd4tt Wxdd 1...cxd4 2 Bc8+. 2 dl Wxb2 3 Ha2 Whs Or 3...Wi6 4 Bxd7 We5+ 5 Sf Wel+ 6 Se2. 4 WeS+! Hfs 5 Wrxd7 Wxd7 6 Hxd7 Abd 7 ez BxfS 8 Exb7 a6 9 He8+ Gh7 10 Bed... 1-0 88 Polugayevsky-W.Watson, Sochi 1985 1 Dei! dueS If 1..h8, then 2 Dxd3 Wxd3 3 Web followed by Qh5-g6-e4. 2 217 ef 2.18.3 QeG+. 3 WiSt! Hh8 4 Rxgs e3 5 Wes WIE 6 S074 1-0164 Solutions to Exercises 89 D.Gurevich-Hellers, New York 1987 1...Wxe3! 2 Hxe3 Qg5! 3 DS If 3 Bc3, then 3.064 and 4..2hg7. Bun DES OL 90 Sax-Ree, Amsterdam 1984 1 a4!! Bxd4 2 axbS Hxdi+ 3 Hxd1 The bishop has no moves, the queen’s flank has collapsed. 1-0 91 A.Chernin-Dra3ko, Polanica Zdroj 1988 1 a8 Bf 2 a7! 1-0 After 2...g1=W 3 b&=W+ the king will not save itself. 92 Selcianu-Cafferty, Correspondence 1974 1 Ecet! Creating the threat of 2 He7 and 3 Dh6+. 1...Hxgl Or 1...0deS 2 He? De4+ 3 Sc2. 2 Hxgl Sf7 3 Dh6+ we7 4 Bel+ 1-0 93 Nunn-Tal, Naevsted 1985 1 g4!!_An excellent idea, Nunn intends to create mating threats by a march of the pawn to g6. 1...d4 Or 1...fxg4 2 hxgd Hixfd 3 Zh3. 2 gS! g6 3 Wag6+ oh 4 Hes d3 § ExfS.... 1-0 94 Vitomskis-Rinkis, Correspondence 1985 1 eS! d5 2 2d2! The invasion of the knight on f6 (after the exchange of bishops) is decisive. 1-0 95 Latunov-Krasenkov, Dnepropetrovsk 1985 1...2d6!! Preparing 2..Wd7, 1...28d5 is no good because of 2 £e4 and 3 a te 2 We2 Wd4 3 Rel Wal 4 Wed £5!. 2...Wb5+ 0-1 3 We2 Wxb2 4 203 Wd4!. 96 Thorsteins-Petursson, Akyreiri 1988 1..2d8 2 a4 We2! 3 £4 Bxd4 4 exd4 Wh2 Material balance has been established, but White loses because of his pawn weaknesses and the poor position of his rook. 5 Kad 5 12? el=W+. §...Wel+ 6 Sexe2 Wahl 7 206 Wah2 8 &f3 WhS+ 9 he3 Wed 10 263 We6+ 11 hd WiS+ 12 he3 Wer 13 &e6 hS 14 g3 We3+ 15 $12 Wxdd+ The white pawns disappear one ae the other. 16 Sg? Wf6 17 LbS Wh2+ 18 Gh3 dg7 19 Kc6 wh6 20 5 We2 0-1 Solutions to Exercises 165 97 Smagin-Monin, Pinsk 1986 1 Efel! Creating the terrible threat of 2 Bxd4 Wxd4 3 He7. 1...Wf6 1...c5 2 Hxdd!. 2 Dxf6 Rxf6 3 He6 2g7 4 WhS a5 5 Hdd6 Hack 6 He7 a4 7 Bh6 1-0 98 Sax-Timman, Arhnem/Amsterdam 1983 1 61 The ¢5 square is needed for the queen. 1...Wa5 1...2xe6 2 Wes; 1...f6 2 7! Sxe7 (2..8xe7 3 Wd6) 3 Wd5+. 2 ext7+ dxf7 3 Lcd+ Leb 4 Wa7t Le7 5 Rxe6+ Sxeb 6 He2+ S16 7 Wxdd+ 1-0 99 Anand-LSokolov, Wijk aan Zee 1989 1 &h4t We6 2 Wha! The e7 and £8 squares cannot be defended. 2...Wh6+ 3 Bb Abo 3,..Wehd 4 Axeb; 3..Dxc5 4 WxeS Wxh4 5 Wxc6+ we7 6 Wxc7+ de8 7 We6+ de7 8 Wd6+ de8 9 Hf8 mate. 4 Dab! Wxhd 4...ed7 5 We7+ dc8 6 Wxe7 mate. 5 WI8+ Ld7 6 Ac5 mate 100 Adorjan-Ribli, 4th match game, Budapest 1979 1 Qxg7! &xg7 2 h6t! 2 Hxg7+ is weak because of 2...doxg7 3 West bt8 46 Wa8! (4...22x037 5 h7 Bxc2+ 6 deb] Bxb2+ 7 dxb2 We3+ 8 a3) and Black wins. 2..8f6 2...2h8 3 Hg7+; 3 Wy5; 2.818 3 Wg5 f6 4 Wgor h8 5 h7, 3 We2! 1-0 101 Tukmakov-Peresypkin, Baku 1977 1 Re2 Bb2 2 de3 ReS 3.263 Lb2 4 kd3 LeS 5 hed 1-0, Peresypkin resigned without waiting for the transfer of the king to £7 and the rook to bl (but without taking on f6—because of stalemate). 102 Panno-Mariotti, Dubai 1986 To achieve victory it is necessary to transpose to a pawn ending but in such a way that the black king cannot take the opposition (the ¢6 square). 1 BeS! Qb1 Or 1...2a6 2 Bhs Rd3 3 Hh8+ 7 4 we7! followed by h8-d8-d4 (cutting off on the file!), te7-f6-e5, Hd4xe4. 2 Rd5+! 1-0 On 2...Be8 follows 3 HbS La2+ 4 eS, while if 2...$e8, then 3 Bd4. 103 Psakhis-Ehlvest, Tallinn 1983 1 g5! A blow to...the bishop £8! 1,..Wg4+ 2Wg3 Wal+ 3 bg? EIS 4 gxh6+ hs $ Bx ixgs+ 2 Whxgs bxg5 3 h6+.166 Solutions to Exercises 104 Tukmakov-Ribli, Las Palmas 1982 The position of the heavy pieces on a single diagonal following operation from the Hungerian grandmaster: a 1,651! 2 ivi i pee ae fala Wed e4 Driving the knight away from the gS square. 4 105 L.Portisch-Miles, Tilburg 1984 White has a chance to gain victory. 1 We4!! With the threat of 2 Wa2 and 3 Exc6+. There is no satisfactory defence, e.g. [...Bd8 2 Ha6+!!. In the game White continued 1 We8? W Ht. a7 2 We2 Wo7 3 e8 (3 Wed!) 3...2d8! and Miles seized the initiative. 106 Instructive example 1 Bad1!! (with the idea 2 Xb1) places Black in a critical position. 107 Miles-Hiibner, Wijk aan Zee 1984 : i g4! He 2 g5 hxg5 Or 2...Wg6 3 Wxg6 fxg6 4 exh6. 3 Lxg5 g6 4 Wh7 108 Romanishin-Lobron, Biel 1987 1 2hS! A knockout blow! 1..g6 1...AxhS 2 Exd7. 2 Wxh6! wt Lng 1. i ! gxhS 3 WhS+ Wr8 4 Waf6 LS Its time to throw in the towel. § 4 ixa4 6 hed 206 7 Dd6+ ked7 8 Dxb7+ Se7 9 Das RS 10 Wes+ 109 Kostro-Sydor, Poland 1972 1 Wg3!! An excellent idea! With the threat to i c ! penetrate with the que behind enemy lines (We3-g6-h7), White prepares a blow on the e7 square. 1ors 2 Wg6 shg8 3 Qxc7! 1-0 3...Exc7 4 Wxd6 Hfd7 5 Wxe5 He7 6 23. 110 Magomedoy-Kveinys, Bratislava 1990 1.uf!! Ramming the position, The black squares now pr Det’ extt dxdt; 2 grt xd 3 end Wahd; 2 Ded ed 9 beod as 4 s Hees. 2afegs 3 fags Sxes 4 Wixc3 Dxe3 5 Dxe3 Bxe3 6 Wad We7 x! fe! f2 Red 10 ZED Bas 8 ffs Hes g4 10 Rxgd hugd 11 Be2 Wel+ 12 gz Solutions to Exercises 167 111 Suba-Gallagher, Biel 1987 1 b6! Lengthening the bishop’s diagonal from h2-b8. 1...axb6 2 exb6 c6 2.6 3 @xo7! Hxd3 4 Bxd3 Axc7 5 Hd7. 3 Bxd4! The bishop comes into play! 3...f5 The last chance. 3...exd4 (3...cxd5 4 Exd5) 4 Sxb8 oxd5 5 Exd4. 4 Db4 exd4 5 Lxbs WIS 6 Dxc6! bxe6 7 Lc7 The passed b-pawn decides. 7..€8 7...fxed 8 bi. 8 Wad E79 exf5 He7 10 Edi 2e5 11 ‘Qxe5+ HxeS 12 b7 He8 13 £6 Ha8 14 Web d3 15 We7 d2 16 Exd? 1-0 112 Speelman-Sax, Salonika 1988 1 Ze7!! Speelman spots a conclusive zugzwang position. 1...2g6 2 Be8 Phe 3 HB 3 Bgs Gh7! 3..eg6 4 Bh8! Zugzwang! 4.6 4..Ha8 5 2b7!—a tactical nuance which holds together his conception. 5 bxc6 Bxh8 6 c7 DS 7 c8-W Exc8 8 Axc8 b4 9 Rxe6! There was also another way, pointed out by Mestel: 9 2a6 b3 10 243+ th6 11 Sb1 b2 12 deed! dg6 13 be3+ thé 14 dd3 dogo 15 ded2+ hE 16 dc? ete. 1-0 113 Hiibner-De Firmlan, Manila 1990 1 d6! cxd6 2 Axd6 An astonishing position—there is no satisfactory defence against d6xf7. 2..c7 2...2g8 3 DES. 3 Dxt7+ des 3..Wxi7 4 Hast, 4 Oxh6+ gah6 4..Oh8 5 De7+ des 6 We6. 5 We6+ HIB 6 Bas We8 7 213+ 1-0 114 Tatai-Kavalek, Manila 1973 1 e5! 45 If 1...dxeS 2 Rxf5 Lxf6 3 d7. 2 Axd5 dxeS 2...xd5 3 £6, 3 Bhd ef 3...Rxd5 4 Exd5!! (4 £67 gxf6 5 Wh3 Red!) 4...cxd5 5 £6 gxf6 6 Wh3. 4 Wed exd5 5 £6 We5 5...gxf6 6 Wh3!, 6 WhS Wxg5+ 6..h6 7 Rxho. 7 Wxgs &xf6 8 Whs Axh4 9 Wxb4 1-0 115 Knaak-Tischbierek, Potsdam 1985 1..WaSt! 2 fg? On 2&2 follows 2...Wb6+ 3 Bel (3 Wd4 Bxd6) 3...We5! winning the knight. 2,..ixd6! 3 0-0 3 Hxd6 Dd3+ 4 ddl D+. 3. Wb6+ 4 oh a5 5 We7 Heo 6 Wh4 Hxe2 7 Rf4 Web 8 Hafl Hel 9 Wes Wes 0-1 116 Lerner-Vogt, Berlin 1989 1 Wed! Piling up on the e-file, 1...8xd5 Or 1....2£7 2 4 @£6 3 Wxe8+. 2 Wad5+ 1-0 2...WE7 3 4; 2...2h8 3 Bxed. 117 Furman-Witkowski, Polanica Zdroj 1967 1 Zest! Qxf4 There is no acceptable defence: 1...e7 2 Hexe7 Dxe7 3 Exe7. 2 Rxg7+ Bxg7 3 Bxf8+ 1-0168 Solutions to Exercises 118 Kunert-Schmitzler, West Germany 1968 15! dxcS 1...Ac8 2 06, 2 Dxe5! 1-0 2...xe5 3 £4. 119 Gheorghiu-Miles, London 1980 1...Wg4! Threatening the manoeuvre Hh8-hS-f5, 2 Wal EhS! 3 fl 3 a4 E65 4 Wh eS, 3..BhI+ 3,,.20d2+ is also sufficient. 4 Dg Axe3+! 5 fxe3 Wrxg3 6 shez Eh2+ 0-1 120 Makaroy-Dvoiris, Gorky 1989 ‘It seems that Black is under no threat, but... 1 Wd! Bd5 1...2b2 2 2c3 £5 3 Wxg7+! Hxg7 4 Bxd8+ Exd8 5 &xb2; 1... 2xf2 2 Sxa5 Exd! 3 Qxd8 Bxcl 4 Wa7, 2 RxaS! b6 3 Qb4 £5 4 Wed NG 4...Bxa4 5 Hxd4. § £e7! Wxe7 5...Wd7 6 Bc7. 6 Bxd4 Had8 7 BxdS Uxd5 8 Ec6 ... 1-0 121 Ostermeyer-A-Sokoloy, Saloniki 1984 1 2d7! He7 2 He5t 1-0 122 Topalov-Short, Spain 1995 White has an extra knight but it is cornered in enemy territory. How can he get it out from there? 1 Dd2H c5 Or 1.65 2 £4 De2 3 Debt Hf6 4 DH. 2 Ded Ab3 3 Dh7! Dashing Black’s hopes. 3...d2 And, in view of the variation 4 Dhf DE1+ 5 gl Bdl 6 Rg8+ ho 7 Dg4+ Gh5 8 Bh8 mate, Black resigned. 1-0 123 P.Blatny-Plachetka, Namestovo 1987 1 2g8+ Who 2 Le6! 1-0 If 2...2c2 then 3 Hh8+ eg7 4 DxhS+! Sxhs 5 ‘We5+ and mates, 124 Psakhis-DraSko, Sochi 1988 1 d4!! The threats of 2 Dd3 and 2 e4 cannot both be parried. 1.exd4 J...04 2 Qd3; 1...dh8 2 e4. 2 Dd3 Wuel+ Or 2...203 3 Dxc3 dxc3 4 Abs. 3 Oral hoe 4 G92 HeS 5 a3 h7 6 De? L037 Axad Qxdd 8 Wa3+ add. 1-0 125 Kuczinski-Suetin, Warsaw 1978 1 Q£5! An attack directed against the h7 square. 1...gxf5 1...8g7 2 xg6 Bras 7 Exh Wah7 4 Exh7+ dxh7 5 Wa7+. 2 96 £4 3 Wb3 D6 4 gxt7 1+ Solutions to Exercises 169 126 Tseshkovsky-Bagirov, Lvov 1978 1 Exg3! Gxg3 2 b4!! cxb4 3 dead! Tseshkovsky exploits the fact that the knight defends the pawn from the front. 3...2f4 4 05 @e5 5 c6 ted6 6 &b3 Vath 6.826 7 Bed G6 8 Lxd3 HS 9 e2 wad 10 2. 127 Vepkhvishvili-Avetisian, Tbilisi 1970 A very sharp position. Both sides have passed pawns, but it is Black’s tum to move. |...f2+ is weak because of 2 &d1—White is prepared to give up the bishop for the f-pawn, while on 1...2c3 sufficient is 2 225. 1.261! Avetsian finds a mating formation! 2 e6 After 2 fl an attractive idea materialises: 2...£2+ 3 Gd] Lxc4!! 4 Bxcd Dc3+! 5 Gel Delt!. 2uLixed 3 e7 Le2 4 VF4+ Or 4 Lg} Dxg3 5 e8-W+ Aes. 4uSxf4 5 e8-W ed 6 WI?! 6 Wred+ Sxed 7 BI2 Bxd5, 6..2+ 7 Wxt2+ Dxf2 8 2£5 8 d6 Axh3 9 d7 Dfs 10 dd—W Dg? mate. 8...g4 0-1 128 Marié-T.Petrosian, Vincovci 1970 J aS! Marié prepares the move 2 2b6, which breaks the opponent’s defensive line. 1...2f8? Petrosian overlooks a tactical blow, but there was no satisfactory continuation anyway: 1...De8 2 £Lb6 Dxb6 3 axb6 Dxd6 4 bxc7 Ac8 5 Axf7! Gh7 (5...xc7 6 Dgs+) 6 Dgs+ #h6 7 Deb c5 8 LAS; 1.28 2 Kb6 Hed7 3 Ba8!; 1..Lh6 2 Lb6! Dxb6 3 Dxe7!! (3 axbd6 xg5) 3...DcB 4 Hxfb g7 5 Dxh6 Sxf6 6 Dgst. 1...c5 2 Dds Dxd5 3 Rxd5 Oxd5 4 Bixd5 Ba7 5 b4. 2 Rxf7 Bxf7 3 De6+ dys 4 Dxe7 L185 De8! Wh7 6 Hxd7! 1-0 129 Dreey-Metliak, Protvino 1988 1 WES! A strong move, containing two threats—the first: win of the bishop on g2 by 2 1; the second: 2 Axf6 Mxf6 3 £d3. He is not in a position to parry both of these. 1..2c6 1...26 2 Wi Sxh3 3 £3; 1...9h7 PedT 2 oxte Qxi6 3 ds 1-0 3..Wied 4 Wh7t PB 5 Whee de7 6 Belt. 130 Yusupov-Noguelras, Montpellier 1985 1 Wd4!! It is impossible to repulse the various threats. 1...f6 1... Wb6 2 c6!. 2 exf6 gxf6 3 2xf6 Bg8 Or 3...Axf6 4 Wxf6 Bg8 5 Axds!, 4 Dbs Also sufficient is 4 Ae4! Wa3 5 Hc3!. 4..Wxb5 5 2xbS Ae6 6 Wh2 cxbS 72h4 1-0 131 Sax-Espig, Balatonbereny 1984 1 2Dg3t! With this ‘trick’ Sax puts decisive pressure on the g7 square. 1,,,Re8 Or 1...hxg3 2 Bxg3 S08 3 Wed Ba7 4 fixg7 Wxg7 5 We6+. 2 Wed 2d7 3 DES Lxf5 4 Hxts Wa7+ 5 bh? 1-0170 Solutions to Exercises 132 Miannik-Krivun, 9th USSR Correspondence Team Championship 1 Dxestt fred 1..Dxe4 2 LhS. 2 LhS DrhS 3 WxhS 5 3..2h8 4 Sxe7+ Exg7 5 Wes WI7 6 Hxd7; 3...2d8 4 WeS WIR 5 Hs wh8 6 Exe7 Exg7 7 Hel. 4 WS 265 4..We7 5 Wxe7 Bxe7 6 &xg7 Exg7 7 Hxg7+ Sxg7 8 Exd7+. 5 Lxg7 Rg6 6 RxeS Nxf2 7 hd WIS 8 Rc3 HS 9 Wed 1-0 133 Chernin-Rashkovsky, Sverdlovsk 1984 1 Dg6r! fxg6 Or 1...Dxg6 2 hxge Heb 3 ext7+ Wxi7 (3...0exf7 4 Eh3) 4 Exh6. 2 Sxe6+ Bh7 Also losing is 2...17 3 hxg6 Dxg6 (3...Lx06 4 Wre6+ dh8 5 Bxh6 mate) 4 Wxg6 Hc6 5 Bxho! Bxe6 6 Wh7+ bf7 7 a 3 Rxc8 gxh5 4 Wh3 WHT 5 2d7 Wa2 6 0-0 Wxb2 7 Rxe8 Wrxa3 8 ma! 1-0 134 F.Portisch-Bilek, Zalaegerszeg 1968 1.,.Dxf3!! 2 gxf3 Bexed!! 3 tues WE6 4 Bd3 Or 4 05 WxeS 5 Bd3 Hf2!. 42 5 Writ Walt! After 6 dc? Wxa2+ 7 bd1 Wxf2 White is doomed (8 e5 WE+!). 0-1 135 Gogichaishvili-P.Cramiling, Stockholm 1992 White is in a critical position: the e5 pawn is very weak. 1 Wd1!! Wh4 Otherwise there is no chance of a win. 2 Wd2 Wxh3 3 Wad8+ 218 4 2p5! 4 We8 would be mistaken: 4...Wh4!! $ 2d2 (5 Wxc6 Wxft 6 WxbS We3+ 7 @f1 2c5) 5...247, The move in the game is made with the intention of driving the queen to a passive position, and then to capture the bishop on c6, 4,..S2e8! Fine but insufficient. He could not play 4.,.Wg3+ 5 Sf Wee in view of 6 &e7 We7 7 Wc8!. 5 Be7! Finesse after finesse! 5...Wg3+ 6 fl Wh3+ 7 gi Wg3+ 8 Sfl 4-4 The attempt to play for a win is easily parried, e.g. 8...Wh3+ 9 el Wg3+ 10 dd2 Lxe7 11 Wxe7 2c6 12 Wd8+ S713 Wes Wes+ 14 dec? We3 etc, 136 Krantz-V.Zakharov, Correspondence 1990 1 g6!! h6 1..Wxc7 2 Wixh7+ £8 3 Wh8 mate; 1...£xg6 2 Wxe6+ ht 3 Dd6; 1...hxg6 2 Bxe7! Wxe7 3 Dgs Wo 4 Wh7+ HB 5 Wh8+ we7 6 Wra8 Wel+ 7 dg? We2+ 8 Ph3 Wxb2 9 Wxa7+. 2 gxf7+ Gh7 2...exf7 3 DdG+ LB 4 Wre6. 3 9=D+ Wri8 3..xf8 4 DfS+ Hh 5 Wxh6+ wxh6 6 HH7 mate, 4 M03! Ee8 5 DgS+ Lbs 6 Dxes Wi 7 £5 he8 7..R08 8 Rxe7. 8 D4 cB 9 e6 WH6 10 Lxe7 WeS 11 LAG! 1-0 11..Wxd6 12 Beg? Sbxg7 13 Wg3+ S86 14 DhS+ she7 15 Wha+ Es 16 Wis+ Ses 17 g7 mate. Ez Solutions to Exercises 171 137 Chandler-Hulak, Surakarta/Denlasar 1982 The win is achieved by including the bishop in the attack against the g7 square. 1 &h4! Hb8 After 1...2e8 2 26! Df5 3 g4 Hel+ 4 wg2 the check will be decisive, while 1...2c8 2 26! DE5 3 g4 Zce3 4 b2!. 2 2161 ext6 Little is changed by 2...Df5 3 g4.3 Bxh7 Hxb7 4 Hxb7 d5 5 Ed7 etc. 138 Bagaturov-Sagalchik, Frunze 1989 1 Be6! Wrecking Black’s position. 1..0xb4 2 axb4 fxe6 He cannot ignore the sacrifice: 2..Wb6 3 Dxg7 sxg7 4 Qd4! Wxb4 5 £4, 3 Sxe6+ Sh7 Other retreats are even worse. 4 tg?! 2h6 5 Hhi His 5...Eh8 6 £4. 6 Wel gS 7 Lxe5 B66 Or 7...dxe5 8 Exh6+! dxh6 9 Hhi+ dg6 10 We2+. 8 Qxi6 exf6 9 We2+ 1-0 139 Saloy-Andersson, Szirak 1987 1 eS! Tactics in the service of strategy! The o6 pawn is lost, since 1,..2d8 loses to 2 Dxd7+ Wxd7 3 b5! exbS 4 Lxbs Web 5 a6 At7 6 Hc. 1.Hc8 2 Ras! Be7 3 Axc6+ Hdxe6 4 Exc6 Hxc6 5 Exc6 Dds 5.,,2xc6 6 Wxe6 Wxb4+ 7 02; 5...Dxd4 6 exd4 Wed+ (6..Wel+ 7 Sb2 Wd2+ 8 Hc2 Wxd4+ 9 a3) 7 Hb2 xc6 8 Wxc6 Wxdd+ 9 a3!. Andersson resigned without waiting for the move 6 Hc2. 1-0 140 Trapl-Wolny, Correspondence 1987 1 Qxe6!! Trap! intends to clear the a2-g8 diagonal. 1-0 1...d7xe6 2 Bxd5 Dxd5 3 Bxd5 Bxd5 4 Wh D6 $ exis His (5...dexf6 6 Wxd5) 6 fg7 WET 7 Sxd5+ bxg7 8 Re6 etc. 141 Makarov-Khasanov, USSR 1987 1 gat The idea is to eliminate the knight which is defending the 7 square (1...2xe4 2 Wh6+ dg8 3 Hxe8+) 1.5 1...che7 2 Sxe6 fxe6 3 What &d7 4 Wxh7+ cbc8 5 Wrg6 etc. 2 Wh6+ de7 If 2...028 then 3 QxES! exf5 (3..LxE5 4 Bxe8+) 4 Bxe6, 3 Wxh7+ das 4 Wxg6 De7 5 SxfS 2x65 6 Weis 1-0 142 Ftatnik-Kovaley, Passau 1994 The white king is exposed, but there are no decisive threats in view. What is the reason for this? It lies in the fact that the rook on c3 is practically immobile—it is denied access to the first and second ranks, while the queen on h3 is restricted in its movements, 1..,3!! Not only the king, but also the bishop is now in great danger! 2 Wd2 The most tenacious. There were also other continuations, for example: 2 Sixt? Wda+ 3 Gh2 Wds+ 4 gt (4 Ph] Bh3+ 5 gl Wdl+) 4... Wor 5172 Solutions to Exercises h2 (5 He? He3+ 6 Gh! Wolt; 6 Sf] Woi+ 7 we? Wd3+; 5h] Bh3+ 6 Eh2 Woi+ 7 Gg2 Wed+ 8 bg] Wel+); 5..We7+ 6 Sg] Bel+; or 2 h5 Wad+ 3 wh2 Des 4 Wis+ hs; or 2 HO Wy3+ 3 Sf 3B Bg2 Welt) 3...Wh3+ 4 el (4 Bg? He2 5 Wd5 Whi+; 4 de2 Bc2+ 5 bel Whi+ 6 Hel We4+) 4..Whl+ 5 bd2 (5 he2 Wes+) 5...Welt 6 Se2 Wh2+ 7 fl Bolt 8 Sg? W7+ 9 HES Hc3 10 WES Hxf3 11 Wxf3 Dxh4+; or 2 WIS We3+ 3 HE (3 h2 Wh3+ 4 hel Hel+ 5 G2 Be2+ 6 tel We3+) 3...Wg3+ 4 wel (4 Ghi Wh3+) 4..Wh3+ 5 Gel Bot+ 6 de2 (6 Sd2 We3+) 6...Nc2+ 7 el (7 dl We3+) 7...Whl+ 8 Ml Wed+. 2...Wb1+ 3 2h? Wh8t 4 ogi Wh6+ 5 Wf2 There is nothing better: 5 eh2 We7+ 6 Ghl (6 gl Bcl+) 6..Hcl+ 7 Bgl He2; 5 hi Bh3+ 6 Bh2 Bxh2+ 7 Wxh2 (7 &xh2 Wbs+) Wol+; 5 Sf] Wol+; 5 Be2 Bg3+ 6 Gh2 (6 Sf Woi+ 7 de2 Wed+) 6..Bxg4 7 We2 (7 Bxf7+ dg8) 7...We7+ 8 Bh! Bxhdt 9 Sgt (9 Bh2 Wel+) 9...Wel+ 10 WEI (10 Bl Wg5+) 10,..We5+ 11 He? We3+ 12 WR (12 Bra 24) 12...Wel+. 5...Wb1+? A mistake in calculation, He. should continue 5..2c1+ 6 Sh2 Wh8+ 7 He3 Wxe8 8 h5 De7 with a winning position. 6 @h2 W8+ 7 He3 Des (7...2xg32? 8 Waf7+) 8 West? (Temporis filla veritas. Afterwards it became clear that White had the saving move 8 2d7!. Then 8...2xd7 9 Wxf7+ @h8 10 Wh5+ seg7 11 West GE7 12 Wht Be7 13 Wh7+ wes 14 WES+; 8..D3+ 9 bg?! Bc277 (9...@xh4+ 10 dh3) 10 LE5+; 8...22g7 9 Bxc3 (9 Wgs+ Dg6) 9... B+ 10 Sg2 Dxh4t 11 Sh3 DxéS 12 gxfS Wxe8 0-1 143 Livanov-Kudrin, Chicago 1989 ; 1 c5!! bxeS 2 SLc4+ Now the attack is irresistible, 2..eh8 3 Kb4! g5 3...96 4 Hxg6 Bg7 (4...2ixg6 5 Wxg6 Hg7 6 Hxh7+) 5 Wxh7+. 4 Qxgs! Hg7 5 Axio! ufo 6 Wxh7+1 1-0 144 Gelfand-Lerner, Norilsk 1987 1 Bg4t! Gelfand wants to create an attack by penetrating with the rook to the seventh rank. 1...de8 1...b3 2 Had! Bbs 3 Bi!. 2 Hed Bb8 2...hd8 3 Bc5 3 Ec7 b3 4 Uxg7 S18 5 Ef7+ eg8 6 d7! Preventing the activation of the black rook: 6 Bfl He8+! 7 dd5 He2. 6..b2 7 BA dg? 8 Mbit! It is still not too late to let slip the win: 8 e7?? b1=W 9 Exbl Bxbl 10 d=W Bel+. 8,.Eb6+ 9 de7 Hb7 10 Le 1-0 145 Gutman-Klovan, Sevastopol 1970 It seems that the king cannot avoid a deadly discovered check... 1.,.2£51! With the idea of removing the bishop on e5. 2 Hf7+! 2 Wxt5?. c2+; 2 Exfs+? BxeS. 2...deg8! Other continuations lead to mate. 3 Zp7+ PbS 4 Bh7+ Sxh7 5 WxiS+ h6 6 We4+ Gh5 7 WI7+ Though he has a draw in hand, Gutman decides to play for a win. 7..g6 8 Wh7+ Sg5 9 h4+ Dxh4 10 Lf4+ Syd 11 13+ Sh3 12 We2 Dx 13 WiS+ de? 14 Wed+ G12 15 Wg3+ we? 16 Wg2+ 0-1 Solutions to Exercises 173 146 Rechlis-Lederman, Beer Sheva 1988 1 g4!! Lederman reacts in a poor way: 1...h6 2 Wxf5 mate However the variations show that even on other replies White has an irresistible attack: L..fxg4 2 Wed+ Sg6 (2...2f7 3 WEH+!) 3 Exe6+ Hxe6 4 Wxe6+ Ghs (4...8g5 5 Be5+) 5 WES+! wha (5...25 6 WI7+ thd 7 We?) 6 £3! h5 7 Bgl or 1...g6 2 Wh4+ Bf7 3 gxfS Wo? (3...gxf5 4 WhS+ E16 5 Hexes+!) 4 fre6+ He8 5 Wed, 147 Plachetka-Pribyl, Decin 1974 1 £45! &xd5? Losing at once. 1...04 runs into a quick refutation. 2 HoBt!! Rxc8 (2...xcB 3 HxcB+ Axc8 4 We7) 3 We7 £3 4 Waf7+ hs 5 Hc7 Wxc7 6 Wxc7 Ho8 7 Wxc8+ Lxc8 8 Pil bS 9 Lc6! Rab 10 del Lys 11 $d2 $47 12 shc3 ete. 1...He7 is a little more tenacious, although after 2 Sxe6+ Bxe 3 He8+ Hxc8 (3...Me8 4 Hxa8 Hxa8 5 We7 Was 6 Wxb7) 4 Exc8+ H£7 5 WiB+! sbg6 6 Hed h5 7 g4! gives White dangerous threats. 2 BeB+ 1-0 148 Christiansen-De Firmian, USA 1985 1 Wf! Creating numerous threats. 1...WxbS The most stubborn. 1...lixe5 2 Bd7+ Sxd7 3 Wxi7+ ded6 4 Wxd7+ dbc5 5 HES; 1...Hhf8 2 Hxes+! fxe6 (2..soxe6 3 WES+ he7 4 Wd7 mate) 3 Wh4+, 2 Hxe6+ fxe6 2...22xe6 3 Wal7+ ores 4 Rest. 3 Wi7+ bas 4 Hal+ Wa3 Worse is 4...2c8 5 Wxeb+ he7 6 Wd6+ 8 7 Belt. 5 Exd3+ exd3 6 Wag7 Instead of the casual 6 Wxe6, 6..Xe8 7 Wxh7 d2 8 Wxd3+. 149 Jansa-Yrjéla, Gausdal 1987 1 E83! Unclear is 1 He3 Std6 2 g3 Wh6. The move in the game forces the queen to make a decision. 1...We7 More tenacious is 1...Wh6 (1...Wxh4 2 Wa5+) but also here there is a path to victory: 2 HxfS £18 (2...We6 3 Hes Wr 4 Hxe7 Wxe7 5 WaS+) 3 Hes! (3 WaS+ b6 4 WdS Ba7) 3...2d6 (3..WWH6 4 Bixe7) 4 Wa5+ oxd7 (4...8¢7 5 We5) 5 Wb6 Hack (5...Hack 6 Wxb7+ Gd8 7 Hc5) 6 HedS Hc6 7 Wxb7+ Ee7 8 Wxa6 etc, Now White’s task is simplified. 2 He3! 2d6 3 He8+ wxd7 4 He7+ we6 5 Exc7+ Sxe7 6 We3 b5 7 Wxg7 Had8 8 Wi6+ Sb7 9 Hxd8 Bxd8 10 a3 1-0 150 Yudasin-Rogers, Manila 1990 1 @g61! Bg8 On 1...2h7 follows the attractive 2 AfB!! Hh8 3 BDeb!! Dd7 4 Oxci+ bd8 5 Db. 2 De7 Bh8 Or 2...0£8 3 Le5! Dd? 4 Rxc7 Dxs6 5 DES. 3 LeS Ac6 3...Da6 4 DFS. 4 Axc6 Lxc6 § Rxc7 Ld7 6 £3! Black has no useful moves. 6...hS 7 Sh2 Bh6 8 Ld6 hxg4 9 fxg4 1-0174 Solutions to Exercises 151 R.Byrne-G.Garcia, Torremolinos 1976 1 hat! Rxe3 1...Rxh4 2 Wh3; 1...Re7 2 g5; L..hxgd 2 Ded Mxds 3 Wrxd5 De7 4 Wa3 24 5 Df6+ by7 6 Dhs+ Gh6 (6...ceh8 7 Axl exh 8 Wa4+) 7 Dxf4 ext4 8 Wad, 2 DoH! Gh8 3 gS! g7 3.294 4 Wed. 4 Wre3 dS $ Edi! Ha7 6 AxhS+ Gh8 7 Dts Hd6 8 Wa3 e4 9 Axed 1-0 9..De5 10 We2. 152 Grefe-Najdorf, Lone Pine 1976 1 Exd5! The idea is to penetrate with the knight to the £6 square. LWb6+ 1..cxd5 2 nds Og7 3 DLS 2x66 G...82f8 4 Wrh7 pxts 5 We8+ see7 6 Wxe8 mate) 4 Wxf6 We7 5 Lxe6 fxe6 6 Dh6 mate. 2 Le3 Wh4 2.,.Wxb2 3 Ded!. 3 EbS!! The very same theme! 3..2)xc3 3...cxb5 4 Das. 4 Exb4 De2+ § Ph? Dxg3 6 Wxg3 Lxb4 7 Dh6+ hs 8 £5! Dds 9 {sgt txg6 10 Wes £68 11 DE7+ Dxl7 12 Wxt7 Re6 13 Bxe6 Rg7 14 4 a 1-0 153 Yakovlev-Vernitsky, USSR 1984 1..Hixd4t! 2 exd4 Or 2 Dxa8 Bd2 3 Bc? Bxc2 4 dxc2 Wis 5 Kbl Wo3+ 6 &d1 Wd3+ 7 wel Lb2+ 8 Hxb2 We3+ 9 Hc? Wel mate. 2,..2f5+! Black's idea is to set up a queen and bishop battery along the long diagonal. 3 gxf5 Also hopeless is 3 Hc2 Rxc2+ 4 dxc2 Hd, 3..Wadd 4 fxg6+ fxg6 5 Ded Ha8! 6 edd Walt 7 de? Wra2+ 8 bel Walt 9 Sc? We3+ 0-1 154 Hort-Hartston, Hastings 1975/76 1 DxeG6! dxe6 2 Dg5 With the disappearance of the e6 pawn the black pieces are ‘hanging’, 2...lad8 Other continuations are no better: 2...@2h8 3 Bxe6 Hf6 4 Hxc6! Hxc6 5 Q7+ or 2...2d7 3 Dxe6+ xe6 4 Bxes D6 5 Wed. 3 Hxe6 Hfé 4 Hxf6 gxi6 5 Deb £5 5.204 6 Wed. 6 Dxds fxgs 7 Dxc6 Wxc6 8 Wes We5 9 ba! 1-0 9..We6 10 Bal. 155 Muratov-Gorchakov, USSR 1972 The threat is 1...2d7 and 2...2h8. It is necessary to give urgent support to the queen and r 1 £4! Qxg4 1..gxf 2 g5 figs 3 DM; 1.exf4 2 €5! dxeS (2...fkeS 3 DEB) 3 Qxc5 Bes 4 We6+!! hi 5 WriS+ hes 6 DE. 2 fxgs fags 3 Dh3! Rxh3 4 2e2! g4 5 Lh4 The white pieces ‘percolate’ through the ‘holes’ in the pawn chain. 5...J%g8 6 He6 Wd7 7 Sxe7 Wxe6 8 dxe6+ bxe7 9 0-0-0 Tats 10 What Sxe6 11 Axgd+ xed 12 Wagd+ she7 13 WyS+ La7 14 x5 wu 1-0 Solutions to Exercises 175 156 J.Diaz-Kholmov, Frunze 1989 1 e6!! Removing the defender of the g6 square. 1..fxe6 Or 1..Wc8 2 exf7+ &xf7 3 Axh6+! (unclear is 3 Wed+ 18) 3..gxh6 4 Wh7+ SEB 5 Wxh6+ eE7 (5..g8 6 We6+ Ph8 7 Had! Bd7 8 Hhs+!) 6 Wh7+ S18 (6.88 7 Edd Wis 8 Wh6t £7 9 Hes) 7 De2! (with the idea of Be2-f4-96) 7...g5 (7...Ld7 8 Bd3! 216 9 He3 We6 10 AeA) 8 Wh8+ £7 9 WhS+ @f6 10 f4 etc. 2 Dxh6+! gxhé 3 Weer Gh8 4 Wehr ces 5 Wy6+ dhs 5...cb18 6 Had Ses 7 Wxgs. 6 Bad e5 6...2g5 7 Wes We7 8 Wha+! Wh7 9 Wi6+. 7 Bed Wigd 8 hxgd 218 9 He3 X97 10 WIT! 1-0 157 Azmaiparashvili-A.Petrosian, Erevan 1989 1 Qf4! Attack on the £5 square! 1..gxf4 1.,.0d7 2 06, 2 Wxfd+ g7 3 gxfS PhS 3..Dxf5 4 LxfS RxfS 5 AxfS+ LET (5...keg6 6 Dh4t keg? 7 We6+ be8 8 Dl) 6 e6+! dxe6 7 WeS+ HET (7.07 8 Wds+ cB 9 De7+) 8 We7+ Sg6 9 Dh4+ Sho 10 Wie+ HhS 11 Wh3. 4 txe6 Webi 5 Wi6+ bogs 6 WI7+ 1-0 6..ch8 7 WAR+ Dgs 8 DES. 158 Tal-Hiibner, Montreal 1979 1 Rf4 2d6 2 Bxd6 Hxd6 3 Des! An ‘x-ray’ along the diagonal promises White recovery of the sacrificed material ‘with interest’, 3...0a8 3..Dd5 4 Dxf7 Axes 5 Exit BB 6 Dxd6 Hxf4 7 Dds Wes 8 West; 3..Bhd8 4 Dc4 Dek 5 Dxd6 Axd6 6 Hes. 4 Ded Weaker is 4 Dxf7 because of 4...05! 5 Dxd6 (5 Axes Wxf7 6 &xd6 Wxa2) 5...exf4 6 DbS Was. 4..De8 Now 4...e5 does not work: 5 SixeS He6 6 fxc7! Exe? 7 Dbot!. 5 edt We7 5..He8 6 Axd6 Axd6 7 Wes! Hck 8 3. 6 Dxd6 Dxd6 7 Hxg7 AS 8 Hed NAB 9 Le§ £6 10 Le3 .. 1-0 159 Gelfand-Beliavsky, Linares 1991 1..d4! 2 2xd4 Hb8! The b2 pawn is indefensible. 3 c3 Hxb2+ 4 dal Hb6 5 g6 5 Wo? Wa6 6 a2 Hb4!! 7 26 (7 Wal Wed+ 8 chal Zb3 9 2b? Wa6; 7 Wd2 Hb3) 7...hxg6 8 hxg6 B8b5!1 9 gxf7+ dxf? 10 Hhgl Wxa3+!; 5 Bad Ba6 6 Wal (6 Wed Da5!; 6 We2 We7 7 2b2 Db4+) 6...We7 7 Lb2 Bxb2+. $,.2a6 6 gxt7+ xi7 7 Wid+ hy8 8 Wa6 Dad! 0-1 160 Milos-S.Silva, Buenos Aires 1991 1 £51! This surprising move allows White to break through to the seventh rank and create decisive threats. 1.0f8 1...gxfS 2 Bg3+ ofS (2...h8 3 We3+) 3 Wh6+ and 4 Hxe64; 1..Wxed 2 2xe6 fxe6 3 Exes HB (3.,.2d7 4 Be7+ Bxe7 5 Hxe7+ dg8 6 Wh6) 4 b3. 2 We3+ dg8 3 He7 WeS 4 £e4 D7 5 Lxb7 Habs 6 Exf7! De5 7 Be7 1-0176 Solutions to Exercises 161 Kengis-Gutman, Riga 1979 1 cd! Kengis uncovers the c-file and then exploits the pinned knight. 1..bxe4 The threat was 2 exd5 exd5 3 b4. 2 Hxed Hc8 2...84 3 hxe4 hxgd 4 xed; 2..Wb5 3 Exes; 2...Wb6 3 b4. 3 He2 g4 Or 6 4 Hecl and further pressure on the pinned piece—2e3-d4, WA3-e3; or 3...Wad 4 Becl d4 5 b3 Wb4 6 2c4, 4 Ws gxh3 5 RxcS Lxc5 6 b4 hug? 7 Lxg? Wad 8 Heel Hg8 9 HxeS HxcS 10 Exe5 Wdl+ 11 th? Bed 12 Wi6 1-0 162 Van der Weide-Smejkal, Amsterdam 1971 1 &h6 %g6 2 Bl? Missing the win which could have been achieved by 2 L181 S83 Le7! Wre7 4 Exh7 18 5 Hh8+ es 6 Who+ Oe7 7 Wh7! After the opponent’s actual move Smejkal replied 2...2g8! 3 2d2 He7 when the position is equal. 163 Stasans-Zaklauskas, Correspondence 1983 1 p31 £5 1... WE8 2 Hd! 2 DhS £6 3 MdB+! DMB 4 Dxlo+ G17 5 VhS+ Dg6 6 Exh Lxt6 7 Bxh7 1-0 164 Molo-Kopye, Correspondence 1989/90 Black is in difficulties—he needs to defend not only against Wh4xf6, but also against Eg7xf7 followed by Kgl-g7. The move 1...We7 repulses the first threat, and 1....g8 the second. 1..Wa7!! 2 Hel 2 Wxf6 Wrgl+! 3 Exgl+ Mxf6 4 Eel (4 bxad Hho) 4..ixcl+ $ &xcl Hh6!; 2 Bxi7 Wxgl+; 2 bxad Wxad, 2..Exel+ 3 Sxcl We3+ 4 hd Wxf3+ There is no saving the game: 5 he] We3+ 6 Sfl (6 al Wa3+!) 6.18 7 BgS We2+ 8 el 2+! 9 Wxt2 Wxé2+ 10 ext? edt. 0-1 165 Vyzmanavin-Zhidkov, Briansk 1985 1 265! Leading to material gain. 1 Wg3 is insufficient because of 1...£7. 1..De5 2 206+ Hxe6 2...2h8 3 BxeS, 3 dre6 He8 4 h3 a5 If 4..Bxe6, then 5 Bd8+ £7 6 EAB+ he7 7 Bhs. 5 Bd7! Web 5...Axd7 6 exd7. 6 Eg7+ Ghs 7 Wg3 Bre 8 £4... 1-0 166 Sevedzh-Z.Polgar, New York 1985 1,..Be2! Creating various threats. 2 Wg5 2 Wd6 &xe4! 3 Wxd7 LeS+!; 2 WE Sxe4! 3 Wxed We7+!; 2 Wi2 Wo7+ 3 Dg3 (3 Ph xed) 3...Axg3 4 wegs eS; 2 We3 Re5+ 3 Ghl Wdl+! 4 Exd Bxdi+ 5 AE Lxed+. 2..WeT+ 3 Shi Sxed 0-1 Solutions to Exercises 177 167 N.Gaprindashvili-Verdci, Yugoslavia 1974 1 h3t! 1 W7+ Wxt7 2 Hxf7 only leads to a slightly better endgame. L.Hxfl+ 2 @h2! g3+ 3 fxg3 We3 4 Wedt+ Bho 5 We7+ Shs 6 Wg4+??—White misses a win by 6 HxeS+!! fxeS 7 g4+ @h4 8 We7+ Wes 9 g3 mate 6...22h6 7 Wg7+ and a draw by repetition, 168 Torre-Petursson, Biel 1985 1 Deat Torre exploits two factors—the weakness of the £6 square and the instability of the knight 06. 1...Wf4 Or 1...We5 2 £4 We7 (2...Wxb2 3 Hf2) 3 OM! dexf6 (3...He7 4 Wo3) 4 Wo3+ SES (4...se7 5 Belt) 5 gat sexed 6 Wg3+ mating. 2 We3+ @h6 On 2...Wes follows 3 Ad6. 3 Rxc6 Xxc6 4 Dd6 Heb 5 Wxc6 Bd8 6 Dxf7+ 1-0 169 Brilla-Banfalvi - Roche, Correspondence 1984/85 1 Sg5!! White decides to exploit the pin on the knight. 1...206 1...c6 2 Wxd6 Hb7 3 £4; 1...We8 2 Qxf6+ Sxf6 3 We5+ Seb 4 Vh3+, 2 £4 exfs 2...b4 3 fxe5 dxeS 4 We2!; 2...We7 3 Ld3! b4 4 fxeS dxeS 5 Efl bxc3 6 We2. 3 eS! dxe5 4 Wg2! 4 Wel 2d7!. 4,.Wxdl+ 5 Dxdl 1-0 170 Z.Ili¢-F.Meinsohn, Montpellier 1983 Le4!! fxe4 Otherwise Black's position is reduced to ruins. 2 Dxed dxe4 3 Bxed Wb8 3.208 4 Hdel. 4 Wh6 Bus 5 2a7! og8 6 Wie 6 gd? Wes. 6..h5 6...De6 7 Hxe6!. 7 HeS Wxe5 8 Wxes c5 9 We7 1-0 171 Tal-Meulders, Brussels 1987 1 g5! hxgS 2 2h3! The king is in danger! 2...exf4 2...ad8 3 2e6+ @h8 4 fxe5 Be7 (4...2xe5 5 Wh3+ Wh7 6 RxeS+) 5 Wh3+! Wh7 6 Lxd7 Bxd7 7 e6t; 2.04 3 ReG+ Gh8 4 Wh3+ Wh7 5 Wah7+ wxh7 6 Lxf6 Dx 7 fxgs Dd5 8 Bxed. 3 Le6+ PhS 4 HES g4 5 Mugs Mxb2 5..De57 6 Bh3+ g8 7 Hxed Oxe5 8 Le6+ HIT 9 Sxe5 Wre5 10 Wxg6+. 6 Eh3+ tes 7 Re6+ B17 8 Wxd7 Wade 9 Wxdd Sxd4+ 10 hg? Le3 1 Hal Be8 12 Qxf7+ hxt7 13 Bh7+ SF6 14 Bxb7 ... 1-0 172 Matulovié-Gerusel, Halle 1967 LTH! Bfxt? 2 Bxf7 Qxf7 Or 2,..x07 3 2xd3 exd3 4 Wd8+ HP 5 We? E7 6 WeS!, 3 Wh6 Exd4 3...Rd5 4 Bf1 Wa8 5 Bg4 He? 6 c4 €3 7 cxd5 D+ 8 bel Dxgt 9 WE. 4 exdd We3 5 Bf Wxd4 6 Wh4 a5 7 Lxd3 Wxd3 8 Wi4 Was 9 Hel a4 10 bxad Wra? 11 Wb8+ dg? 12 Wxb4 Wr 13 Wxed Ra5 14 WeS+ 68 15 Wh8+ 2E7 16 Wxh7+ S18 17 Whs+ O17 18 We8+ g7 19 He7+ 1-0178 Solutions to Exercises 173 Van der Wiel-Miralles, Cannes 1990 1 g4! White opens the g-file and creates decisive threats along it. L...Waxg4 2 £5 2hS 2...d4 3 Wd2 2xf5 4 Edel Wh3 5 Bo3 Whs 6 Bes WH 7 Bfl. 3 Bdgl 3 Bhgl? Wxdl+!. 3...d4 4 Wa2 WE Or 4...Wh4 5 Whe Wel+ 6 Dcl; or 4..Wh3 5 Who Bed 6 Wes hd 7 £6. 5 Wes 5 Wh6 2o6. 5..6 6 Dd2! Was 6...We3 7 WxhS Wxd2 8 fxg6 fxg6 9 Bxg6+; 6... Wh6. 7 Led 7 WxhS? Wxhl!. 7,..Was 8 Wxhs Abd 9 a3 1-0 174 Haik-Csom, Biel 1986 1 f6!! So that the queen can penetrate into the enemy camp and support an attack with the rook. 1...gxf6 1...WE7 2 Ha8 Wxg6+ 3 hxg6 gxf6 4 exf6. 2 Ha8 De7?! 2...Exb4 3 exf6!; 2...Axd4 3 exf6! (3 Wxh6+ We7+) 3..DS 4 Dxc6!! Dh4t 5 Sell! Dxgs 6 hxgs E637 g7+ SeB 8 DxdB Bxfs (8...2h7 9 Dc6; 8...2a3 9 Hb8) 9 Dxe6+, As can be seen, Csom does not aoa the strongest continuation. 3 Wxf6+ @e8 4 Wh8+ 1-0 4..e7 5 ixc6+, 175 Martin Gonzalez - Garcia Palermo, Benasque 1990 1 &h6!! With the idea of creating threats along the bl-h7 diagonal. 1..gxh6 1...e8 2 Wd3 g6 3 WxbS Hbs 4 Wad Mb4 (4...Bxb2 5 2b3) 5 Wa? Bxb2 6 2b3; 1...f5 2 exf6 Hxf6 3 Bg5 HE7 4 Sxe7 Bxe7 5 Wd3 266 Wrb5. 2 Wa3 £5 3 exf6 Bxf6 4 Wxh7+ 218 § Xg6 Huge 5..Wd7 6 Whs+ 2g8 7 Wxh6 mate; 5...£.d6 6 Bxe6. 6 Wxg6 27 7 Wah6+ Sg8 7...2e8 8 Wo6+ £8 9 Hxe7! dxe7 10 Hel+ Gf 11 Who+ tgs 12 He3. 8 Be3 Bhd 8...0d6 9 £4. 9 Bel Better is 9 Hdl. 9...b4 9..W{6 10 Bg3+; 9..We5 10 Bg3. 10 Hal! 10 Bc6? Wd7 11 Bio (11 Bees Rxe6 12 Hxes Wh7!) 11...2xf6 12 Bg3+ 2g6 13 Hxg6+ O97. 10..Hb8 11 Bdd3 Bb6 12 Bg3+ Rxg3 13 Hxg3+ Hg6 14 Hxg6+ Qxge 15 Wxg6+ PhB 15.268 16 Wed. 16h4 1-0 176 Poulson-Spasov, Sandefjord 1975 1...d3! Spassov sets about clearing the long diagonal. 2 Wd2 2 Bxd3 Bxd3 3 Wxd3 4. 2..Aed 3 Wel dxe2 4 Wxe2 DAdgs! 5 Axgs 5 og? Axf3 6 Wxf3 Wxf+ 7 Sxf3 eft. 5...Dxg5 6 £3 e4! 7 fxed 7 £4 D+ 8 Chl 2xb2 9 Wxb2 3 10 We? Bxdl 11 Exdi He; 7 2xg7 exf3 8 Wb2 Dh3+ 9 f2+, 7..xb2 8 Wxb2 Wxed 9 hd 9 We? We3+. 9..013+ 10 ee2 h2 0-1 177 Chandler-H.Olafsson, Hastings 1990/91 1 e6t! Freeing the e5 square for the white queen. 1...26 1...xe6 2 g4! (2 Bxe7 d4!) 2...2g6 3 Bxe7; 1...fxe6 2 WeS! Axf3 3 Exc7. 2 e7! Me8 3 Has Hxd8 4 Bxc7! Wh8 4..Wxe7 5 e8-W+ Bxe8 6 Wxe8 mate. 5 exdS=W+ Wxd8 6 214... 1-0 Solutions to Exercises 179 178 Makarychev-Lin Ta, Peking 1988 1 d4!! With the idea of opening the c2-h7 diagonal. 1..2xd4 1...exd4 2 5 Wb6 3 Dxh7 Sxh7 (3..d3 4 DxlB) 4 Bxg7+ &xe7 5 Lfo+ Gh7 6 Sic2+!; 1...2b6 2 dxe5 WeS 3 0-0-0. 2 exd4 exd4 3 e5 Web 4 Dxh7 exh? 5 Sxe6 Wxe6 6 Ded We6 7 Hxg7+ 1-0 179 Torre-Romanishin, Biel 1988 1 f5!! The idea of this move is to advance the pawn to f6, and then play He7xf7. 1..gxf5 Losing at once, Other continuations only drag out resistance. 1...a2 2 £6 Wa (2...Wad 3 Bxt7) 3 Hes al=W 4 Bxt+ Wxt8 (4..2xf8 5 We7+) 5 Wrxal Wd6+ 6 thi Was 7 Wes!; 1..f6 2 We3 25 (2...a2 3 fxg6 al=W 4 gxh7+) 3 h4 h6 4 hxgs fxg5 (4...hxg5 5 Wb3+ Ph8 6 Wh3+) 5 Wxa3. 2 He8! 1-0 On 2,..Wxd7 White now has 3 Wg3+1. 180 Velikov-Chevaldonnet, Pernik 1981 1 &h3! With the idea of exploiting the opposition of the queens. 1...1d8 1.£5 2 e4, 2 Me6! D6 3 Wh2 tres 4 Wale Wxt6 5 Exto g7 6 Exes ... 1-0 181 Polovodin-A.Ivanov, Leningrad 1988 1 He3+ ga6t Weaker is 1...2d7—2 @xg7 HiS 3 Hed ded 4 wg6. 2 Hed! Polovodin makes a useful move, while his opponent is denied such a possibility. 2 €xg7 only leads to a draw—2...Ef5 3 Be4 ded5 4 Had deo 5 $26 Bi6+ etc, After a few moves Black resigned. 1-0 182 Speelman-Kasparov, Graz 1981 The direct 1...d2 2 Sxf7+ £8 3 Hxd4 Hel+ 4 dg? di=W 5 Bxdl Bxd1 6 Sc4 would not allow Black to count on victory. 1..@?f8!! 2 £04 The fine point lies in the fact that after 2 &xf7 follows not 2...d2, but 2...ed4!. 2.42 3 Exd4 Hel+ 4 dg? di=W 5 Exd1 Bxd1 and wins. 183 Polugaeysky-Gufeld, Moscow 1972 If 1...e2 White stops the pawn and makes a draw: 2 He5 Hg? 3 97. Therefore Gufeld changes the order of the moves. 1...2g2!! Not now 2 Hes because of 2..Exg6+ 3 @xfS HgS+, while 2 Hb8 leads to the loss of an important tempo (it takes two moves for the rook to get to the e-file). 2...e2 3 He8 f4 4 g7 £3. 2 Hb6+ dds 3 BbS+ ddd 4 Hbd+ Gd3 5 Sxf5 €2 6 Bed Eg5+! 7 dxg5 @xed 8 g7 el=W 9 g8=-W Welt 0-1180 Solutions to Exercises 184 Geller-Pribyl, Sochi 1984 1 Ba8 suggests itself, but Black has a defence: 1...f8 2 Hh4 Dns. 1 Dh4! An excellent idea! 1-0 If 1...8f8 2 Dxg6+. 185 Jansa-Forintos, Titograd 1982 ' 1...xd1 promises Black little after 2 Exb2 £23 Rd2 He8 4 wf! and the d-pawn is blockaded (4...2fe2? 5 Zxe2). 1..d2! 2 h4 2 Rxb2 Axdl 3 &c3 Sxad!, 2..xd1 3 Bxb2 Le2! 4 Rxd2 Exd2 5 @h2 He2 Of course not 5...22x£2? 6 a5 and he has to give up a piece for the a-pawn. 6 a5 243 7 Dxe2 Lxe? 8 shg3 LM! 9 £3 hI7 10 SA2 Las 11 Ge3 ohg6 12 g4 16 13 LE4 LT 14 ed h6 15 £4 hS 16 grh5 Sf5 17 badd Sxf4 0-1 186 Reynolds-Nunn, London 1987 1.248} Precisely here! So that after 2 gxf3 £x63 the rook cannot move away from the attack with check. 2 Hh2 2 Hg5 Hh8 and 3...0h1; 2 3 2g8 3 Hh3 EeS; 2 e4 Hdd (2..Hg8 3 g5) 3 Hes (3 g5 Hed) 3...£2 followed by 4..Hed, 2...0g8 3 g3 3 gxf3 Hel 4 HE2 Ob5. 3...Hug3 4 ded? Bgl 5 wel 5 Eid Eg. 5.AbS 6 Hf? fe? 7 e4 eS 8 23 6 9 bd Le7 0-1 187 Torre-Unzicker, Wijk aan Zee 1981 1..Axg4t 2 WeS 2 hxgd Wh2+ 3 £2 Wh4+ (the h-pawn has moved to the neighbouring file) 4 bg] &h2+; 2 fxgd Wh2+ 3 Hf2 Dedt (the £3 pawn is no longer there) 4 £3 (4 Gel Wxg2) 4...2g5+ 5 &f2 Dxh3+ 6 SB Dgs+ 7 12 Wh4+ 8 Sg] Lh2+. 2...Wh2+ 3 $2 Lxh3 4 Bgl Ha2! 5 Xb2 Bxb2 6 Qxb2 Sxg2 7 Exg?2 Wh4+ 0-1 188 Cebalo-Campora, Bern 1988 1 Ef3t 1 6 is mistaken, since after 1...fxe6 2 Rxe6+ @h7 he cannot transfer the rook to the hrfile. 1...d05 2 e6 HxdS 3 Exd5 b6 4 exf7+ Sxf7 5 Efd3 ... 1-0 189 Jadoul-Roos, Belgium 1985 1 Axf7 &xf7 2 Wh3 Wh6 One gets the impression that White bas miscalculated, but... 3 Rd !! 1-0 190 C.Hansen-Seitay, Saloniki 1984 1 @hS! $6 The c7 pawn is immune to capture. 1...%d7 2 41 Bxe7 3 Exc7+ dxc7 4 £5 td7 5 £6. 2 Ke6+ eT 3 £4 a7 4 Be2 Seb 5 g4 Ll 6 He6+ he7 7 £5 Sd7 8 He2 Se7 9 h3 Zugzwang! 9...€f8 9...4£6 10 Ko6+ Solutions to Exercises 181 cbeS 11 £6. 10 £6 dog8 11 Me6 Gh7 12 fxg7 xg? 13 g5 hxgs 14 dxgs £6+ 15 £5 F716 h4 1-0 191 Nesis-Av.Khasin, Correspondence 1983/84 1 ad! Creating a threat to win the rook: 2 Hel+ Bc5 3 We8+ Sb6 4 a5+. DAS If 1...bxa4, then 2 Holt Be5 3 WaS+. 2 e8! Wh4 2..Wa3 3 Wo8+ Bb6 4 QcB+ Ses 5 WxbS+ bd6 6 Wxd7+ Bc5 7 Wb5+ d6 8 Heb+. 3 Wb8+ Gb6 4 Qa8+t 1-0 192 Zapata-Vaganian, Saloniki 1984 1 a5? An inaccurate order of moves spoils a brilliant idea. A draw is achieved by 1 g6+!

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