Genls1 Blakejewell

How can knowledge of genetics help feed the world?
Vocabulary:
Genetics: The science of how characteristics are passed down from one generation to the
next
Agriculture: The production of food and other goods by growing plants and raising animals
Trait: A physical or behavioral characteristic of an individual that can be passed down to the
next generation
Drought: A long period lasting weeks or months with little or no rainfall
Grain: Usually a type of grass grown for its edible seeds. Also used to describe the seed of
grain plants, as in rice grain
Staple food: A basic or necessary food item
Insecticide: A substance used to kill insects
Criteria: Goals that must be satisfied to successfully achieve a challenge
Constraint: Factors that limit how you can solve a problem
Cereal: The edible seed of a grass plant; of a grain
Husk (hull): The tough outer layer on a seed
Bran: The skin of a grain
Endosperm: Nourishment that surrounds the germ (embryo) of a seed
Germ (embryo): The part of the seed from which a new plant grows
Bar graph: A type of graph that uses either vertical (up and down) bars or horizontal (across)
bars to show data. Data can be in words or numbers
Variation: The differences among individuals in a group
Sample: A piece of part taken from a group, whose properties are studied to gain information
about the whole group
Sampling: The process of selecting a suitable sample or representative part, of a whole group
Starch: A tasteless, odorless, carbohydrate found in foods
Carbohydrate: A complex sugar. Carbohydrates provide energy when digested
Photosynthesis: A process in which green plants use the energy from sunlight along with carbon
dioxide and water to make their own food (sugar) and oxygen
Malnutrition: A condition resulting from not enough food or lack of the proper food
Think about the question, p5:

List the grains identified in each food-ingredient label below:
Hot Cereal Rice Medley Barley Soup Tortilla Chips Grain Bread Crunchy
Cereal
Whole grain Pearled Barley Barley Canola Steel Cut Organic Whole
Wheat Wheat
Wheat Tex-s-mati Garbanzo Sunflower Rolled Oats Organic Long

Brown Rice Beans Grain Rice
Corn Red Rice Organic Corn Rye Flakes
Rye Yeast
Barley Crushed
Wheat
Oats Barley
Stop and Think, p6:
1. Which grain did you find to be the most common in the ingredient labels?
The grain that I found most common in the ingredients, was wheat.
2. How often do you think you eat the most common grain?
I think that I eat wheat almost every day because of the toast that I have with my breakfast.
3. Which grain do you think you eat most frequently? Is it the grain that you found most
common in the labels you looked at?
I think that I eat rice frequently, because it is a food that I am accustomed to.
4. A common grain is wheat. Wheat is often used to make bread. How important do you
think wheat is as a food source?
In poorer countries, most people eat bread as their daily meals, to prevent them from facing
hunger, and it is probably the only food that they can afford. Without wheat to make bread,
they would starve, unless they have more money.
5. Another common grain is rice. Rice is eaten alone and is used in a number of other
foods. How important do you think rice is as a food source?
Rice is also another cheap food that you can eat to fill your stomachs. Without rice, people in
foreign countries may starve, because it can be the only food that they eat.
A letter from the Philippines:
Stop and Think, p9:
1. What are the problems faced by the rice farmers? List two problems rice farmers
have.
Insects eat the crops, preventing a quantity of harvest. Also, when rice farmers use
insecticides, they get sick from using them.
2. How do you think scientists might help the farmers? Describe one way the scientists
might help the farmers solve their problems.
When the new crop is made, and insects do not eat the crops, farmers can have a productive
harvest that year, without worrying about weather or insects.
3. How do you think farmers might help the scientists? Describe how the farmers might
help the work of the scientists.
The farmers will collect data for the scientists, and using that data, the scientists can
implement this solution to other parts of the world.
Identify criteria and constraints:
Make recommendations about developing a new rice plant that will produce more rice and
more nutritious rice.
Criteria Constraints
Farmers must be able to grow it in their Bad weather must not matter to grow these
fields crops
Must produce rice Insects may affect the crop
Make sure weather and insects do not

affect the crop.
Conference, p11:
Two questions I have about rice:
1. How long does it take for a full crop of rice to grow?
2. How much water is necessary to grow a field of irrigated rice?
Two other questions I need to answer to successfully answer the BQ:
1. How much rice does the average Asian consumer eat?
2. What country is the largest producer of rice?
Project Board Contributions:
What do I think I What do I need What am I What is my What does it

know? to investigate? learning? evidence? mean for the
question?
Without some How many seeds

genetics, we of each grain
might not have item are being
most of the planted annually
food products across the US?
we have today. With this
For example, information, we
GMO products can also find the
require genetics. amount of
Without genetics, GMOs that are
we would have planted with
only organic these organic
produce and seeds.
would probably
run out of
organic seeds to
plant.
What is Rice? (p13-36)

1.2 What is rice and who eats rice?
Exploration 1: What is rice?
Picture of hand-drawn rice plant with labeled parts (roots, stems, leaves, rice grains).(p17):
Picture of hand-drawn rice grain with labeled parts (husk, bran, endosperm, germ):
Stop and Think, p18:

1. What part of the rice plant do you eat when you eat rice?
We eat the seeds.
2. Could a grain of white rice grow into a rice plant? Justify your answer.
Yes, because in a grain of rice, there is a germ. The germ falls to the ground, and is fertilized
by sunlight, rain, and soil. Here, it can grow into a new rice plant.
3. Planting and harvesting rice are very difficult processes. Describe how it might feel to
be someone who has to plant or harvest the rice by hand. Use the photograph on p18 to
help answer this question.
They have to walk in muddy banks of water, and crouch down. Their fingers are pretty sore
after hours of picking.
4. Using your knowledge of how rice is grown, describe what you think is the ideal
environment for growing rice.
Shallow waters, where sun can hit, and fertile soil in the banks of the lake.
5. Using the maps of the United States and Asia, identify the places where rice is grown.
USA: Texas, Arkansas, Louisiana, a little bit of Missouri, Florida, and California.
Asia: INdia, Bangladesh, Burma, Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia, Philippines, China, Vietnam, Japan.
Exploration 2: Who eats rice?
Bar graph:
201-240
kg
161-200
kg
121-160
kg
81-120
kg
41-80
kg
0-40 kg
0 Vietnam United South Phillippi Japan India China Burma, Banglad

States Africa nes myanma esh
r

1. Which country has the highest per person consumption of rice? Which country has the
lowest?
Burma/Myanmar has the largest per person rice consumption of 217 kg.
The United States has the least per person rice consumption of 13 kg.
2. Where in the world are the countries that consume the most rice located?
Burma and Vietnam are located in Asia. Burma has 217 kg. Vietnam has 212 kg.
3. Which questions were easier to answer using the data table? Which were easier to
answer using the bar graph? Give reasons for your answers.
Question 1 was easier to answer using the bar graph because it showed a side by side
comparison of more consumption, than a scattered plot of data in the data table.
Question 2 was easier to answer using the data table because it showed exact data, and we
could find what values were greater or less than in consumption.
Update the project board, p21:


question?
Without some How many seeds What are the The maps and
genetics, we of each grain consumption tables of all of
might not have item are being rates of rice the consumption
most of the planted annually around the rates around the
food products across the US? world. world. Starting
we have today. With this from the USA
For example, information, we and going until
GMO products can also find the Asia.
require genetics. amount of
produce and seeds.
would probably
run out of
organic seeds to
plant.
1.3 How do organisms differ from one another?
Similarities among humans Differences among humans
Most people have all four limbs, without Some people do not have certain limbs, or
deformation of any part of the limb. parts of the limb may be deformed.
Most people have all 5 senses Some people cannot feel, see, hear, smell, or
taste.
Most people can see all colors Some people are colorblind, and cannot see
certain colors.
Inventory of Traits
Trait Traits (include a small picture of your trait)
Ear lobe __ Attached __ Detached

Rolling tongue __ Can roll ___ Cannot roll tongue

tongue
Thumbs when clasping hands ___ Left thumb over right __ Right thumb over left
thumb thumb
Trait
Ear lobe _0_ Attached _4_ Detached
Rolling tongue _3_ Can roll tongue _1_ Cannot roll tongue
Thumbs when clasping hands _1_ Left thumb over right _3_ Right thumb over left
thumb thumb
Analyze your data, p25:
1. Which variations of each trait are shared by all your group members?
All of our ear lobes are detached, but no other traits are shared amongst ALL of our group
members.
2. Are there variations of the traits that none of your group members have? Which ones?
Why might this be so?
None of us in our group has attached earlobes. I think that this may be, because at least one of
our parents each, have detached earlobes.
3. Suppose you collected data from all the students in your class instead of only from
your group. How do you think your results would change with data from a larger group?
The data of majority will stay the same, but will be in different values.
4. Does any other member of your group have EXACTLY the same combination of traits as
you? Do you expect to have exactly the same combination of traits as another student?
Why or why not?
Yes, two other people share the same character traits as me. No, because both are different
genders and have different eye colors than me. Also, different ethnicities are shared amongst
us.
5. Which other traits do your group members have that might make them different from
others?
Nothing.
6. Which of the human traits you investigated do you think are common among human
beings? Which ones do you think are less common?
I think that eye color is less common, hair color a little bit more common, amount of limbs are
mostly shared among different people, and ethnicities/cultures are different and varied.
Trait
Ear lobe _5_ Attached _25_ Detached
Rolling tongue _24_ Can roll tongue _6_ Cannot roll tongue
Thumbs when clasping hands _18_ Left thumb over right _12_ Right thumb over left
thumb thumb
Revisit the Analyze your Data questions. Which variations are more common or less common
across the class? Is there more or less variation in traits in your class as a whole compared
to your group?
Reflect, p26:
1. What do rice and human traits have in common?
We have nutrients, like fiber, vitamins, and minerals.
2. What traits does rice have?
Bran, husk, endosperm, and germ.
3. What are two questions you have about the traits of rice or rice plants?
Does the bran have fiber? What nutrients do we get from the germ?
4. How might you investigate the answers to those two questions?
Update the project board, p26:

question?
Without some How many seeds What are the The maps and WIthout multiple
genetics, we of each grain consumption tables of all of of these traits
might not have item are being rates of rice the consumption of genomes, we
most of the planted annually around the rates around the probably would
food products across the US? world. world. Starting not be able to
we have today. With this from the USA have different
For example, information, we and going until kinds of rice
GMO products can also find the Asia. crops and/or
require genetics. amount of other plants.

produce and seeds.
would probably
run out of
organic seeds to
plant.
1.4 What are some differences among rice grains?

Investigation 1: Observe differences among rice grains
What are some rice-grain traits that can be observed?
Observing and Comparing Rice Grains
Rice description AND Similarities among Differences Possible reasons for
picture rice grains between rice grains similarities and
differences
Ric All have a rough Many of them are Different ways of

e A outside. (husk) different colors growth.
from each other. (climate)
(amount of water)
(landscaping)
(temperature)
Ric All of them are a Different Sizes of Different ways of

e B pearly whitish in rice grains. growth.
color. All of them (climate)
are quite smooth. (amount of water)
(landscaping)
(handling)
Ric All of them are Not all of them have Different ways of
e C white, and in a a smooth husk, and handling/shipping
pale color. Some some of them have (transport)
smooth husks, not (factory life)
rough husks. (harvesting)
Ric All of them are Some have spots of Different ways of

e D rough, and look different shades of climate
like a cocoa bean brown, here and change/shipping
up close. there, but mostly all (cold climate)
Wave-like of them are (accidentally went
patterns among black/dark brown. through the husking
the surface. machine)
Analyze your data, p28:

Review your observations of rice grains from containers A, B, C, and D. How different from
one another are the rice grains in the A sample? How different from one another are the rice
grains in samples B, C, and D?
Some differences among the samples of themselves would be that for example in sample D
there was spots and stripes on the grains, however some spots and stripes were a darker
color or lighter shade than the overall color. The samples compared to themselves all showed
this trait among them.
Review your observations of rice grains to identify differences in the grains between
containers A, B, C, and D. How large or small are the differences across the rice samples? Use
evidence from your observations to support your claims.
The differences among all the rice grain piles would be large or a bit less than that. I think that
because a difference was overall color which was noticeable, the size of the grains were also
noticeable compared to each sample, and then the color of the spots and stripes which was
different colors depending on the sample.
What traits of rice are similar across rice types? What traits of rice are different across
rice types?
Some similar traits would be the spots and stripes on the grains. Some differences of the
grains would be the overall color, size, and the shade of color of the spots and stripes.
Investigation 2: Measure differences in rice grains
What are some rice-grain traits that can be measured?
Type of rice grain YOU analyzed:
Variation in Rice Grains
Length (mm) Width (mm) Length/width (ratio)
Grain #1 6 mm 2 mm 3
Calculate 6+8+7+7+7=35 2+2+1+1+1=7 3+4+7+7+7=28

Averages 35/5=7 7/5=1.4 28/5=5.6
(show work)
Average 7 1.4 5.6

Variation in Rice Grains Analysis

Average Average Average Comparison across group members
Length Width Length/Width averages
ratio
Rice 7 mm 1.4 mm 5.6 5.6 - 4.2 = 1.4

A
Rice 7 mm 2 mm 3.5 4.5 - 3.5 = 1

B
Rice 5.6 mm 2.2 mm 2.62 2.62 - 2.6 = 0.02

C
Rice 6.4 mm 2 mm 3.2 3.2 - 3.2 = 0

D
`
1.5 How does rice provide nutrition?
1. Why is rice a staple crop for millions of people?
Many groups of people cannot afford rice, and have rice daily for less than 3 meals a day.
Without rice, there probably would be lots of starvation around the world.
2. Why might it be important to differentiate rice plants by the amount of starch they
contain?
Nutrition values, and health problems/probiotics.
3. How is the starch found in rice grains produced?
Through the process of how the rice is grown, the husk, the endosperm, and the bran.
Update the project board, p 33:

question?
produce and seeds.
would probably
run out of
organic seeds to
plant.
Back to the big challenge, p34-36

Conference
What kind of traits do you think are most desirable for a new rice plant to have? How will this
affect your recommendations?
A, F, & H are the traits I think are the most desirable for a new rice plant to have. Without dry
weather, insects, and no harvest to affect the rice crop, there would be no problems but
floods and nutritional values.
How will you make sure the traits of the new rice plant will meet the criteria?
I will make sure the traits of the new rice plants meet criteria because on the criteria and
constraints thing that we wrote because of the letter from the philippines is what I thought
about like the problem of weather and then from our investigation I thought of nutrients and
quantity.
How will constraints you identified earlier affect your recommendations?
The constraints I identified earlier will affect my recommendations because we thought of
thing's that affect making a new rice plant and some of it would be picking traits in the rice
samples because We can't fix everything that affects rice plants so we have to pico the most
important traits.
What information from this Learning Set will you use to help you make your recommendations?
Some information I might use would be about the nutrients in rice and the parts of rice plants
and the seed.
What questions do you still have?
My question is what are most important traits needed when choosing what should be worked on
and how.
Examine the rice traits in the letter from the RBWI. Identify why each might be important to
growing more rice or rice that is more nutritious.
Each trait is important to growing rice or making it because the traits include that it repels
disease, pest, and is good for growing in flood conditions or dry conditions which help grow it.
And then other traits is more nutrients, minerals, vitamins, protein, more seeds per plant and
other things that help with quality or quantity.
Update Criteria and Constraints, p36
Make recommendations about developing a new rice plant that will produce more rice and
more nutritious rice.
Criteria Constraints
Must be nutritious Little knowledge of how each grain gets its

trait and why
Good in dry and flood conditions We can't test each trait/grain with that trait
Repels disease and pests

Update the Project Board, p36

question?
produce and seeds.
would probably
run out of
organic seeds to
plant.

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How can knowledge of genetics help feed the world?

Think about the question, p5:

Wheat Tex-s-mati Garbanzo Sunflower Rolled Oats Organic Long

Corn Red Rice Organic Corn Rye Flakes

Must produce rice Insects may affect the crop

Make sure weather and insects do not

How can knowledge of genetics help feed the world?

What do I think I What do I need What am I What is my What does it

Without some How many seeds

What is Rice? (p13-36)

Stop and Think, p18:

0 Vietnam United South Phillippi Japan India China Burma, Banglad

Stop and Think, p21:

Update the project board, p21:

How can knowledge of genetics help feed the world?

What do I think I What do I need What am I What is my What does it

1.3 How do organisms differ from one another?

Similarities among humans Differences among humans

Trait Traits (include a small picture of your trait)

Ear lobe __ Attached __ Detached

Rolling tongue __ Can roll ___ Cannot roll tongue

Ear lobe _0_ Attached _4_ Detached

Ear lobe _5_ Attached _25_ Detached

How can knowledge of genetics help feed the world?

What do I think I What do I need What am I What is my What does it

only organic these organic

1.4 What are some differences among rice grains?

Ric All have a rough Many of them are Different ways of

Ric All of them are a Different Sizes of Different ways of

Ric All of them are Some have spots of Different ways of

Analyze your data, p28:

Calculate 6+8+7+7+7=35 2+2+1+1+1=7 3+4+7+7+7=28

Average 7 1.4 5.6

Variation in Rice Grains Analysis

Rice 7 mm 1.4 mm 5.6 5.6 - 4.2 = 1.4

Rice 7 mm 2 mm 3.5 4.5 - 3.5 = 1

Rice 5.6 mm 2.2 mm 2.62 2.62 - 2.6 = 0.02

Rice 6.4 mm 2 mm 3.2 3.2 - 3.2 = 0

How can knowledge of genetics help feed the world?

What do I think I What do I need What am I What is my What does it

Back to the big challenge, p34-36

Update Criteria and Constraints, p36

Must be nutritious Little knowledge of how each grain gets its

Repels disease and pests

How can knowledge of genetics help feed the world?

What do I think I What do I need What am I What is my What does it

S-ar putea să vă placă și

Ear lobe Attached Detached

Rolling tongue Can roll _ Cannot roll tongue