Joshua Medley

Primary research/ summary/

background
Summary/Background
The topic is endangered species for now until I can figure out which specific
animal I will use. Over 500 more species were so classified worldwide including
animals such as the Florida panther, the Key deer, the San Joaquin kit fox, the
northern spotted owl, the chinook salmon, the Karner blue butterfly, the snail
darter, and the cave crayfish and plants such as the Hawaiian nehe and the clover
lupine. Hunting, trapping, and poisoning to protect livestock have taken a great toll
among predatory mammals and birds. Although many different human activities can
threaten or endanger a species, the greatest problems occur because of habitat
destruction. Illegal hunting and trading and introduction of new species can also
cause serious problems. Plants and animals are adapted to their habitats. Some
species can live in a variety of habitats, others can live in only a very specific type
of habitat. Either way, if its habitat is destroyed, a species may not be able to find
food or shelter, so it vanishes. This means that species such as the Moapa dace that
inhabit only a very limited habitat are at great risk of extinction. Habitat can be
destroyed in many ways. As the human population increases, there is a greater
need for food, places to live, fuel, and many other things. To meet these needs,
tropical forests, wetlands, grasslands, and other natural areas are cleared, settled,
and developed and their resources harvested for human use. In the process,
habitats are destroyed. Overharvesting is currently threatening species worldwide,
especially food fish species such as the cod. Sometimes native animals are
endangered when a new species is introduced into a habitat A large number of
species are threatened by introduced species, or "exotics," plants or animals that
are introduced into a habitat and bring with them diseases or the ability to compete
more effectively than native species. Among the greatest threats to plants and
animals are parasites, which include tiny organisms, worms, and insects that feed
off other species. Some fungi and bacteria can also endanger plants and animals.
Another important threat is destruction of habitat by chemical pollutants. National
laws and international agreements have been established to protect endangered
species. One such agreement, the Convention on International Trade in Endangered
Species (CITES), bans trade in many rare species. In the United States, the federal
Endangered Species Act lists and protects hundreds of species and habitats from
activities that might harm them. The act was first passed into law in 1973. Saving
habitat is the cornerstone of protecting species. However, even if their habitat is
saved, some species have too few members in the wild to repopulate. Many of
these have been taken to zoos or parks and bred there. Within these captive-
breeding programs, species are bred with the hope that offspring can be raised and
then returned to the wild. Programs such as this, combined with laws, awareness,
and commitment/dedication, will help maintain the delicate balance of nature that is
necessary for the survival of all living things.
Joshua Medley

Interviews
Subjects: Jack & Noah
1. What was your first experience with an Endangered Tigers (when were you
aware of it)?
2. What has most surprised you about endangered Tigers
3. How does this topic make you feel?
4. In what ways, do you think illegal poaching should be handled?
5. What is something that you have learned about endangered species in
general?
6. What is your prediction about the future of endangered tigers?
Responses
Jack Smith
1. probably in middle school is when I first truly understood the state of the
endangered tigers.
2. How little in numbers they actually are.
3. Like human kind is the most toxic thing on the planet.
4. I believe heavy legal prosecutions should be instated by all world powers and
agreed upon by large committees such as the U.N. to help to the least minimize the
illegal poaching of animals, endangered or not.
5. We as human beings are real pieces or trash and the worlds animals are the ones
suffering.
6. They will most likely go extinct if not they will always live in a highly endangered
state.
Noah Eldrith
1. I honestly had no idea. When I think of tigers the first thing to come to mind
is the classic, black white and orange hunter, cruising through the forest, in
search of its next meal; a lone hunter proud and strong, certainly not an
endangered animal.
2. That 1 species of tiger is already extinct.
3. I hate to witness the demise of an animal species due to human intervention.
Nature is something we all tend to neglect and take advantage of. When we
are in the moment we dont care about what may happen to other animals,
plants, and such. We only care when we watch it before our eyes on the
news.
Joshua Medley

4. military force is always an option, and really people will do what ever they
desire unless there is a large enough threatening retaliation that may instill
enough fear into poachers to encourage them to cease. One good way to
prevent poaching is to make animals profitable. That would encourage locals
to protect the animals around them. How do you make them profitable? Allow
tourists to hunt these animals, drawing revenue and making saving and
protecting the majority of animals beneficial for the local community.
5. There are many endangered species including species of plants also, not just
animals.
6. Tigers are currently on verge of repopulating by being held in captivity and
being released.

Zotero Chart
A. The common terms that stood out in the research is conservation,
endangerment, poaching, pollution, water shortage, preservation, tiger
project, legislation, politics, managing ecosystems, and human behavior.
B. Save our precious species
C. Sources listed in references and literature review.

Proposal
The topic I have been interested in for a long time is endangered species. Since
thats a broad topic I decided to conduct research about endangered tigers and the
many species it contains. Since I was little I was fascinated with animals and their
exitance on earth. There are many aspects of this topic I would like to research. I am
curious about how the tigers are being preserved, how they are being killed and
why they are being killed. I want to learn about each endangered species of tiger
and get those questions answered and come to a conclusion on what needs to be
done to help these tigers multiply. Possibly come to a conclusion on what to do to
strengthen efforts that have already begun. Of the original nine subspecies of
tigers, three have become extinct in the last 80 years; an average of one every 20
years. It has been predicted all tigers may become extinct in the wild within the
next decade. Poaching, habitat loss and fragmentation have reduced the global
population of tigers from over 100,000 in the 1900s, to less than 4,000 in the
1970s. Today, four of the remaining subspecies of tigers are considered endangered
by the IUCN, while two of the subspecies are considered critically endangered.
The total number of all the wild populations of the six-remaining subspecies of
tigers (Bengal, Indochinese, Malayan, Siberian, South China, and Sumatran) is
estimated to be between 3,000 3,600 tigers.
Joshua Medley

Literature reviews

Source: Andrew Currie - Protecting Endangered Species for Future Generations. He

talked about how the world is increasing in population and thats going to cause
more land use. The more land use the less land there will be available for wildlife.
He wants us as people to find ways to preserve all wildlife.

Your Fastwrite Response

Page #
Believing: merits of the ideas, agreement
Direct quotes today more than ever Doubting: questions, doubts, counterclaims
before.
Paraphrases
Look left, find something to respond to:
Summaries of key ideas Habitat, population
For example:
Facts
Claims
First I thought the video was boring then I
thought it was interesting but now I think
watching it was worth it
Phrases

What does this make you think of or

remember?
Joshua Medley

- It makes me think of the

conservation videos I watched in
high school

How would you support or challenge the

author's claims?
- I support the claims by the speaker
by looking at the many different
endangered species.
What else have you read that connects with
this?
- Ive watched many documentaries
on endangered species of my
lifetime.
Use questions to keep you writing and
thinking. Figure out what you think through
Formal and technical language
writing.

Informal and conversational language use

https://www.youtube.com/watch? your own voice and I.
v=a7MeCPfaPR0&list=WL&index=16

Make the information your own. Develop

your own thinking about the information
you collect as you go along don't neglect
your own thinking when collecting
information and don't leave it to sort out
later.
Joshua Medley

Source: Snatching Success From The Jaws of Failure in Tiger Conservation: Philip Nyhus,
Philip specializes in big cats and he is talking about how the most populated area is china, which
is where most of the tiger species live. Tigers are being killed for game and their fur. We need to
take action.
Your Fastwrite Response
Page #
Believing: merits of the ideas, agreement
Direct quotes Doubting: questions, doubts, counterclaims
Paraphrases
Summaries of key ideas Look left, find something to respond to:
Facts 3,000 wild tigers left in the wild For example:
Claims
First I thought this is crazy how much humans out
Phrases number every other life form then I thought we
definetly need to do better with conservation of
animals but in this particular case, tigers. but now
I think we can all pitch in, in many different ways.

What does this make you think of or remember?

- Makes me think of the special on animal
planet I seen.

How would you support or challenge the author's

claims?
- I will support his claims with further
research
What else have you read that connects with this?
- I have read many articles concerning the
Formal and technical language tiger.

Use questions to keep you writing and thinking.

Figure out what you think through writing.

Informal and conversational language use your

own voice and I.

Make the information your own. Develop your

own thinking about the information you collect as
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8AnOzjdEPiI you go along don't neglect your own thinking
when collecting information and don't leave it to
Joshua Medley

sort out later.

Source: Save ourselves by saving tigers: Steve Winter at TEDxGateway 2013

Steve winters discusses his work as a photographer for national geographic. He talks about what
hes seen throughout his time as a photographer. He took photos of tigers and many other animals
along with the poachers.
Your Fastwrite Response
Page #
Believing: merits of the ideas, agreement
Direct quotes Doubting: questions, doubts, counterclaims
Paraphrases
Summaries of key ideas Poaching Look left, find something to respond to:
Facts For example:
Claims
First I thought photographer wasnt that important
Phrases then I thought how will we be able to get a visual
of whats going on around me? but now I think
photography is key to seeing whats happening in
this world, in this case, the poaching of tigers.

What does this make you think of or remember?

- Makes me think of ways the government
and scientists can work together to
repopulate the tiger.

How would you support or challenge the author's

Formal and technical language
claims?
- I would support his claims by trying to
connect to the emotions that he expressed
in the video.
What else have you read that connects with this?
- Animal planet as a kid

Use questions to keep you writing and thinking.

Figure out what you think through writing.

https://www.youtube.com/watch? Informal and conversational language use your

v=En2hHmZhpiE own voice and I.

Make the information your own. Develop your

own thinking about the information you collect as
Joshua Medley

you go along don't neglect your own thinking

when collecting information and don't leave it to
sort out later.

Source- Saving the tiger with half a flush | Rohit Varma | TEDxBangalore
Rohit is a professional photographer from India that has grew up around the jungle and has
experienced the many aspects of it. He takes pictures of many animals in the jungle including the
tiger. He talks about how key nature is to earths survival.

Your Fastwrite Response

Page #
Believing: merits of the ideas, agreement
Direct quotes Doubting: questions, doubts, counterclaims
Paraphrases
Summaries of key ideas pollution water shortage Look left, find something to respond to:
Facts For example:
Claims
First I didnt really pay attention to the nature
Phrases around the tigers matter just as much then I
thought what other natural aspects matter the
most? but now I think every aspect matters, even
the little things.

What does this make you think of or remember?

- Water shortage

How would you support or challenge the author's

claims?
- Use water in a more conservative way.

What else have you read that connects with this?

- pollution

Formal and technical language Use questions to keep you writing and thinking.
Figure out what you think through writing.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=2227eTyhVHE Informal and conversational language use your
own voice and I.

Make the information your own. Develop your

own thinking about the information you collect as
Joshua Medley

you go along don't neglect your own thinking

when collecting information and don't leave it to
sort out later.

Source: Saving the tigers of Bangladesh: Henry Churchill at TEDxDhaka

Henry discusses the importance of the tiger and its beauty to the world. He also covers the reason
why tigers are being killed and the history of their population. Three species of tigers have
already been extinct.
Your Fastwrite Response
Page #
Believing: merits of the ideas, agreement
Direct quotes Doubting: questions, doubts, counterclaims
Paraphrases
Summaries of key ideas tiger project Look left, find something to respond to:
Facts Bangladesh contains the most tigers For example:
Claims
First I thought tigers just needed themselves to
Phrases survive then I thought to overthink that but now I
think they need a big ecosystem to thrive.

What does this make you think of or remember?

- Poaching
How would you support or challenge the author's
claims?
- By researching tiger populations

What else have you read that connects with this?

- Tiger conservation videos

Use questions to keep you writing and thinking.

Figure out what you think through writing.

Formal and technical language

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uj1h1R_tCDc
Informal and conversational language use your
own voice and I.
Joshua Medley

Make the information your own. Develop your

own thinking about the information you collect as
you go along don't neglect your own thinking
when collecting information and don't leave it to
sort out later.

Source: Saving animals, saving the future | John Linehan | TEDxYouth@BeaconStreet

John talks about saving wild animals from endangerment. He picks animals from the zoo and
tells stories about them. He slowly relates that back to preserving their habitats.
Your Fastwrite Response
Page #
Believing: merits of the ideas, agreement
Direct quotes Global climate change affects the Doubting: questions, doubts, counterclaims
entire world
Paraphrases Look left, find something to respond to:
Summaries of key ideas preservation For example:
Facts
Claims First I thought tigers werent hunted for their
bones then I thought they have strong bones but
Phrases now I think how wrong it is to kill animals for
their bones.

What does this make you think of or remember?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xcqsQuvtH7E - Poaching around the world
How would you support or challenge the author's
claims?
- I would support his claims be researching
the effects of preservation and ecotourism.
What else have you read that connects with this?
- reading facts on tigers in the zoo.
Use questions to keep you writing and thinking.
Figure out what you think through writing.

Formal and technical language

Joshua Medley

Informal and conversational language use your

own voice and I.

Make the information your own. Develop your

own thinking about the information you collect as
you go along don't neglect your own thinking
when collecting information and don't leave it to
sort out later.

Source: Wildlife conservation by Hilary D. Claggett

It contains articles, book excerpts, and other writings about wildlife conservation. It discusses the
importance of conservation efforts. It explores topics such as threats to wildlife, legislation, and
politics, managing ecosystems, and the changing mission of zoos.

Your Fastwrite Response

Page #
Believing: merits of the ideas, agreement
Direct quotes Doubting: questions, doubts, counterclaims
Paraphrases
Summaries of key ideas legislation, politics, Look left, find something to respond to:
managing ecosystems, wildlife conservation, etc. For example:
Facts
Claims First I thought politics were in the background of
conservation then I thought cant be true but now I
Phrases think politics and wildlife go hand and hand

What does this make you think of or remember?

http://uncc.worldcat.org/title/wildlife- - The ted talk videos discussing ways
conservation/oclc/36713219&referer=brief_result conservation can help a species.
s
How would you support or challenge the author's
claims?
- I would support the authors claims based
on the efforts of conservation that has
already been in place.
Joshua Medley

What else have you read that connects with this?

- I havent read anything like this

Use questions to keep you writing and thinking.

Figure out what you think through writing.
Formal and technical language

Informal and conversational language use your

own voice and I.

Make the information your own. Develop your

own thinking about the information you collect as
you go along don't neglect your own thinking
when collecting information and don't leave it to
sort out later.

Source: Can we save the Tiger? By Martin Jenkins and Vicky White.
Tigers are in danger of disappearing altogether, joining the dodo, the marsupial wolf, the great
auk, and countless other animals we will never see again. Using the experiences of a few
endangered species as examples, Martin Jenkins highlights the ways human behavior can either
threaten or conserve the amazing animals that share our planet. Vicky White's portraits of rare
creatures offer a glimpse of nature's grace and beauty -- and give us a powerful reason to
preserve it.

Your Fastwrite Response

Page #
Believing: merits of the ideas, agreement
Direct quotes Doubting: questions, doubts, counterclaims
Paraphrases
Summaries of key ideas Human behavior Look left, find something to respond to:
Facts For example:
Claims
First I thought tigers were the main animals that
Phrases were endangered then I thought let me do some
Joshua Medley

research but now I think theirs more.

What does this make you think of or remember?

http://uncc.worldcat.org/title/can-we-save-the-
tiger/oclc/612958123&referer=brief_results
- The many endangered species.
How would you support or challenge the author's
claims?
- Researching human impacts.
What else have you read that connects with this?
- human interactions with wildlife, negative
and positive.
Use questions to keep you writing and thinking.
Figure out what you think through writing.

Formal and technical language

Informal and conversational language use your
own voice and I.

Make the information your own. Develop your

own thinking about the information you collect as
you go along don't neglect your own thinking
when collecting information and don't leave it to
sort out later.

Reference page
Currie, A. (2010, October 12). Protecting endangered species for
future generations Retrieved February 14, 2017, from
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a7MeCPfaPR0&list=WL&index=16
Nyhus, P. (2013, March 21). Snatching Success from The Jaws of
Failure in Tiger Conservation Retrieved February 14, 2017, from
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8AnOzjdEPiI
Winter, S. (2014, January 17). Save ourselves by saving tigers.
Retrieved February 14, 2017, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=En2hHmZhpiE
Joshua Medley

Varma, R. (2016, April 13). Saving the tiger with half a flush.
Retrieved February 14, 2017, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=2227eTyhVHE
Churchill, H. (2012, October 05). Saving the tigers of Bangladesh.
Retrieved February 14, 2017, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=uj1h1R_tCDc
Linehan, J. (2015, February 19). Saving animals, saving the future.
Retrieved February 14, 2017, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=xcqsQuvtH7E
Claggett, H. D. (1997). Wildlife Conservation. H.w. Wilson Co.
Jenkins, M., & White, V. (2011). Can we save the Tiger? Somerville,
MA: Candlewick Press.