Etymological Dictionary of Latin

and the other Italic Languages

By

Michiel de Vaan

BRILL

LEIDEN B O S T O N
2008
 uy LIIC unanciai support of the Netherlands
Organization for Scientific Research (NYVO).

iSN: 1574-3586
iBN: 978 90 04 16797 1

opyright 2008 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands,

oninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill, Hotei Publishing,
)C Publishers, Martinus NijhofF Publishers and VSP.

1 rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in

etrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical,
lotocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher.

ithorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by Koninklijke Brill NV
nvided that the appropriate fees arc paid directly to The Copyright Clearance Center,
2 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910, Danvers, MA 01923, USA.
es arc subject to change.

INTED IN T H E NETHERLANDS
 T A B L E OF C O N T E N T S

PREFACE vii

ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS ix

A. Languages, texts and authors ix
B. Reconstruction, grammar and text xii
C. Symbols xiii

INTRODUCTION 1
1. Aim of this dictionary 1
2. Definition of Italic 1
3. Research method 2
4. From Proto-Indo-European to Latin 4
4.1 Reconstructable stages 4
4.2 The phonology of Proto-Indo-European, Proto-Italic and Latin 6
5. The entries 10
5.1 Selection of entries 10
5.2 The entries 10
5.3 Dating 10
5.4 Derivatives 11
5.5 Proto-Italic 12
5.6 Italic cognates 12
5.7 Proto-Indo-European 12
5.8 Indo-European cognates 12
5.9 Etymology 13
5.10 Bibliography 13
6. Periodization of Latin 14

DICTIONARY 17

BIBLIOGRAPHY 693
Abbreviations of literature 693
Authors 694

INDICES 723