The GSM network

A GSM network i complex system composed by several components. The last mile
of this

system is the BTS (Base Transceiver Station). The BTS is responsible to transmit and
receive

the RF (Radio Frequency) signals to the user terminal (cell phone, PDA, modem,
etc). The BTSs

are controlled by a BSC (Base Station Controller) that is connected to the MSC/VLR
(Mobile

Switching Center/Visitor Location Register). Basically, the MSC/VLR is responsible to

authenticate the user against the database (HLR - Home Location Register, AuC -

Authentication Center).

The OpenBTS project

The OpenBTS (Base Transceiver Station) project is an effort to construct an open-

source Unix

application that uses the Universal Software Radio Peripheral (USRP) to present a
GSM air

interface ("Um") to standard GSM handsets and uses the Asterisk software PBX to
connect

The OpenBTS uses the USRP hardware to receive and transmit the GSM signaling.
This is done

by using the GNU Radio framework. The Asterisk is used to interface the GSM calls
between

the cellular phones under the OpenBTS network. Any other device that can be
connected to

the Asterisk can be also used

The OpenBTS uses the USRP hardware to receive and transmit the GSM signaling.
This is done

by using the GNU Radio framework. The Asterisk is used to interface the GSM calls
between

the cellular phones under the

Safety Information
CautionNortel Networks products are designed to work with single-phase power
systems having a

grounded neutral conductor. To reduce the risk of electric shock, do not plug Nortel
Networks products into

any other type of power system. Contact your facilities manager or a qualified
electrician if you are not

sure what type of power is supplied to your building.

CautionNot all power cords have the same ratings. Household extension cords do
not have overload

protection and are not meant for use with computer systems. Do not use household
extension cords with

your Nortel Networks product.

CautionYour Nortel Networks product is shipped with a grounding type (three-wire)

power cord. To

reduce the risk of electric shock, always plug the cord into a grounded power outlet.

Lithium Battery Cautions

CautionThis product contains a lithium battery. Batteries are not customer

replaceable parts. They may

explode if mishandled. Do not dispose of the battery in fire. Do not disassemble or

recharge.

(Norge) ADVARSELLitiumbatteri - Eksplosjonsfare. Ved utskifting benyttes kun

batteri som anbefalt

av apparatfabrikanten. Brukt batteri returneres apparatleverandren.

(Sverige) VARNINGExplosionsfara vid felaktigt batteribyte. Anvnd samma

batterityp eller en
ekvivalent typ som rekommenderas av apparattillverkaren. Kassera anvnt batteri
enligt fabrikantens

instruktion.

(Danmark) ADVARSEL! Litiumbatteri - Eksplosionsfare ved fejlagtig hndtering.

Udskiftning m kun

ske med batteri af samme fabrikat og type. Levr det brugte batteri tilbage til
leverandren.

(Suomi) VAROITUSParisto voi rjht, jos se on virheellisesti asennettu. Vaihda

paristo ainoastaan

laitevalmistajan suosittelemaan tyyppiin. Hvit kytetty paristo valmistajan .

Despite the large number of authors, co-authors and editors, we have done our best
to make the style of the book similar in all chapters and highly comprehensible. The
content is presented in a well-structured manner; it is broken up into many titles
and subtitles, which make its reception easy and looking up information in the text
quick.
The present book is written by programmers for programmers. The authors are
active software developers, colleagues with genuine experience in both software
development and training future programmers. Due to this, the quality of the
content presentation is at a very good level, as you will see for yourself.
All authors are distinctly aware that the sample source code is one of the most
important things in a book on programming. Due to this very reason, the text is
accompanied with many, many examples, illustrations and figures.
When every chapter is written by a different author, there is no way to completely
avoid differences in the style of speech and the quality of chapters. Some authors
put a lot of work (for months) and a lot of efforts to make their chapters perfect.
Others could not invest too much effort and that is why some chapters are not as
good as the best ones. Last but not least, the experience of the authors varies
some have been programming professionally for 2-3 years, while others for 15
years. This affects the quality, no doubt, but we assure you that every chapter has
been reviewed and meets the quality standards of Svetlin Nakov and his team.
C# and .NET Framework
This book is about programming. It is intended to teach you to think as a
programmer, to write code, to think in data strucSecured Unified Networks IP
Stimulus (UNIStim) signal encryption is
provided by Datagram Transport Layer Security (DTLS), which encrypts
the data exchanges between the Signaling Server and the IP Phones.
Previously, Secure Multimedia Controllers (SMC 2450) were required for
UNIStim encryption, but DTLS requires no new additional hardware and
can coexist with currently installed SMCs. DTLS and non-DTLS systems
can be configured on the same network.
To enable DTLS encryption, the Communication Server (CS) 1000 system
must be upgraded to CS 1000 Release 6.0 and the IP Phones must have
the latest firmware. Also, the system has to be configured with at least the
Basic Security level.
Note: This feature does not provide signaling encryption for the Unified
Networks IP Stimulus File Transfer Protocol (UFTP), which is used
when transferring firmware to IP Phones. Firmware data contains no
sensitive information and is protected from third-party tampering by a
digital signature. Notifications from the signaling server to the phones
are sent using DTLS-protected UNIStim signaling to protect the signals
from intercept.
DTLS and IP Phone registration
There are two modes of IP Phone registration:
Secure Handshake modethe IP phone is configured to initiate a
DTLS session immediately upon beginning registration.
Switchover modethe IP phone is configured to first establish an
unencrypted Reliable User Datagram Protocol (RUDP) session to
the Line Terminal Proxy Server (LTPS),

15-601042 Issue 30y (26 January 2016)

IP Office Platform 9.1
Comments on this document? infodev@avaya.com
System Overview: Web Sites
1.18 Emergency and Power Failure Ports
IP Office systems provide 2 types of analog extension power failure ports. In all cases these only work
with loop-start
analog trunks. Any phones connected to these ports should be clearly labeled as power fail extensions in
accordance with
the appropriate national and local regulatory requirements.
Switching Power Failure Ports
During normal operation, these ports can be used for normal analog phone connection. During power
failure, the ports
connect directly to an analog trunk port.
This type of power failure port is provided by the following cards:

IP500 Analog Phone 8 Card

When an IP500 Analog Phone 8 base card is fitted with an IP500 Analog Trunk daughter card, during
power failure
extension port 8 is connected to analog trunk port 12.

IP500 ATM Combination Card/IP500 ATM Combination Card V2

On this card, during power failure, extension port 8 is connected to analog trunk port 12.
Emergency Only Power Failure Ports
During normal operation, these ports cannot be used. During power failure, the ports connect directly to
an analog trunk
port.

IP500 Analog Trunk Daughter Card/IP500 Analog Trunk Daughter Card V2

Regardless of the IP500 card hosting it, during power failure pins 4 and 5 of port 12 are connected to pins
7 and
8.

IP500 ETR6 Card
On this card, during normal operation extension ports 7 and 8 are not useable. However, if the card is
fitted with
an IP500 Analog Trunk daughter card, during power failure extension ports 7 and 8 are connected to
analog trunk
port 12

(email removed) BOURBON

Home Trials News from Bulletin No. 9 Projects | Programme

Products | Services | News

This work has been done in several testbeds and (pre)commercial

heterogeneous broadband ATM/IP and narrowband ISDN environments in
Ireland, Finland, France, Austria, Germany, Scotland, Italy, Greece and North
Holland.

https://cordis.europa.eu/infowin/acts/rus/trials/b9bourbon.htm

The main goal of the technical work in the A.C.T.S. Bourbon (BrOadband
Urban Rural Based Open Networks) project has been to specify, set up and
run individual testbeds in each participating country for the support of real
SME field trials.

To achieve this, the work has included several phases: network architecture
planning, network implementation and network operation and development.
The focus in Bourbon is in trialling broadband network technology, whilst
keeping in mind the scalability and cost benefit issues.

The scalability in this context means several things: oA broadband core

network should support several access types (ISDN, xDSL, optical) with or
without ATM link level protocol. oBroadband access services will often be
offered to users in local broadband networks, which have gateways to other
networks, e.g., wide area IP network
o keep Scribd a valuable resource for everyone, we require that certain
uploads meet a set of quality standards.
Among other requirements, you should upload something that is not
already on Scribd and that you have permission to use. The best way to
make sure what you are uploading will meet our quality standards is to
upload something you wrote yourself, which will always be accepted.
LEGAL NOTICE
The information in this document is subject to change without notice. The statements, configurations, technical
data, and recommendations in this document are believed to be accurate and reliable, but are presented without
express or implied warranty. Users must take full responsibility for their applications of any products specified in this
document. The information in this document is proprietary to Nortel Networks.
The process of transmitting data and call messaging between the CallPilot server and the switch or system is
proprietary to Nortel Networks. Any other use of the data and the transmission process is a violation of the user
license unless specifically authorized in writing by Nortel Networks prior to such use. Violations of the license by
alternative usage of any portion of this process or the related hardware constitutes grounds for an immediate
termination of the license and Nortel Networks reserves the right to seek all allowable remedies for such breach.
Trademarks
Nortel, the Nortel logo, the Globemark, and Unified Networks, BNR, CallPilot, DMS, DMS-100, DMS-250, DMS-MTX,
DMS-SCP, DPN, Dualmode, Helmsman, IVR, MAP, Meridian, Meridian 1, Meridian Link, Meridian Mail, Norstar, SL-1,
SL-100, Succession, Supernode, Contact Center, Telesis, and Unity are trademarks of Nortel Networks.
3COM is a trademark of 3Com Corporation.
ADOBE is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated.
ATLAS is a trademark of Quantum Corporation.
BLACKBERRY is a trademark of Research in Motion Limited.
CRYSTAL REPORTS is a trademark of Seagate Software Inc.
EUDORA and QUALCOMM are trademarks of Qualcomm, Inc.
ETRUST and INOCULATEIT are trademarks of Computer Associates Think Inc.
DIRECTX, EXCHANGE.NET, FRONTPAGE, INTERNET EXPLORER, LINKEXCHANGE, MICROSOFT,
MICROSOFT EXCHANGE SERVER, MS-DOS, NETMEETING, OUTLOOK, POWERPOINT, VISUAL STUDIO,
WINDOWS, WINDOWS MEDIA, WINDOWS NT, and WINDOWS SERVER are trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.
GROUPWISE and NOVELL are trademarks of Novell Inc.

ETRUST and INOCULATEIT are trademarks

the gatekeeper list to IP endpoints, allowing them to register and subsequently
originate/receive calls from other endpoints in this survivable calling zone. This field
must be set equal to the IP Node Name of the media

Reduced Power consumption:

Flexi WCDMA BTS reduces BTS site power consumption dramatically due to the high integration level of the BTS,
and to the new technology power amplifiers.
Typical Flexi power consumption for 1+1+1 configuration is around 500W.
Less battery capacity for the same

VM high availability (HA) is extremely useful for legacy applications that do not have any
embedded availability mechanism. As a consequence, this specific enhancement allows less
development effort if, of course, the application service-level agreement (SLA) supports a
complete reboot.

In the case of the online help for users of Collaboration Agent, Avaya has translated
the online help
into several languages. The list of available languages conforms with the i18n and
L10n
(internationalization and localization standards). When users install the
Collaboration Agent
application, it chooses which language to display based on the computer's locale.

doc-bundle_pdf_XX_Y.img (where XX is the

NE software release stream and Y is the version
number of the documentation bundle)
Note: The FTP server must be installed and running on the PC or
workstation from which the documentation bundle download is being
performed.