Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Place of origin
The nationality and country of residence for international tourists and region or city of
residence for domestic tourists are essential data required for marketing purposes. The country
of residence in a addition to nationality is important to record because there are many people
living permanently in countries different than their passport nationalities and significant
numbers of expatriates living outside their countries of nationality for long periods of time
throughout the world. Some of these, such as foreigners working overseas, are of fairly high
socioeconomic levels and tend to travel extensively in the countries and regions where they
are currently living.
Purpose of visit
Purpose of visit includes the categories of holiday, business, study, official
mission/diplomatic, visiting friends and relatives, and sometimes other categories depending
on the local situation. Returning residents (for expatriates) should also be included so that this
category can be separated from short-stay tourists. The purpose of visit characteristic
obviously is important as marketing and facility planning inputs.
Length of stay
Length of stay, based on the number of nights spent in the area, is an important factor the
relates to the extent of facility use and total expenditures of tourists.
Expenditure patterns
The total amount spent by each tourist and the distribution of spending, based typically on the
categories of accommodation, food and drink, shopping, local transportation and tours, and
miscellaneous, is essential information in order to determine the economic impact of tourism
and provides input to recommending ways to increase visitor spending. Expenditure patterns
can best be determined through a special tourist survey, although estimates can be made from
hotel, restaurant, tour agency, and retail shop receipts and, for foreign tourists, possibly from
foreign exchange currency figures to obtain gross expenditures.
The basic information for international tourists can be obtained from the
Embarkation/Disembarkation (ED) immigration cards if they are properly designed and
tabulated. However, visitor expenditures and attitudes and some of the other characteristics
require special tourist surveys, as referred to previously. These surveys are usually organized
at the points of departure of tourists such as the airports and can be conducted on a sampling
basis, but should be carefully designed to take into account seasonal differences of tourist
profiles. It may be necessary to conduct the survey during different tourist seasons of the year.
Information on domestic tourists is more difficult to obtain because they do not pass through
immigration, and special surveys are required of them. Domestic tourists may be surveyed at
the accommodation where they are staying or at major attraction sites that they are visiting.
Also, survey questions on travel patterns may be included in a national or regional population
census. In some places, a household survey needs to be undertaken to determine travel
patterns of domestic tourists and residents utilizing tourist attractions and facilities. It may be
necessary to include provision for special international and domestic tourist surveys in
organization and budgeting of the planning study.
GENERAL APPROACH
As part of the survey evaluation stage of the planning process, any existing tourist facilities and
services have been surveyed and evaluated with respect to their type, extent, and suitability for
the present and future level and type of tourism development. This survey and evaluation
successfully provide the basis for recommending improvements needed to existing facilities and
services. Also, the present pattern may will influence the locational considerations in formulation
of the physical plan.
Standards for survey and evaluation need to be established, based both on accepted international
standards and the tourist markets being aimed for. An important factor in the evaluation is that
most tourists expect reasonable good value for money at any quality level of facility and
service, that is, that the cost of facilities and services available is properly correlated to the
quality level and not overpriced. It is especially important that minimum standards of hygiene
and safety be carefully evaluated.
The inventory and evaluation of facilities and services require field surveys, sometimes tourist
attitude surveys (referred to in the previous section on market surveys) and a systematic
approach. This survey should include personal interviews of hotel, tour and travel agency, major
restaurant, and other tourism enterprise managers and of any existing private sector tourism
organizations such as a hotel association in order to obtain the trades view son how tourism and
their component of it could be improved. These interviews can also provide general information
on the existing tourist markets as input to the market analysis. Any proposed new or expanded
facilities and services already approved for development and likely to be developed should be
included in the survey because they will be part of the existing pattern in the near future. The
location of facilities and their major characteristics should be indicated in tabular form and,
where relevant, plotted on maps, with a description and evaluation made in the plan text.
ACCOMMODATION
There is a wide variety of types of accommodation that may exist or can be planned for an area.
Although terminology exists for different types of accommodation, the distinction among the
term is increasingly blurred, and the terms are often not now used according to their original
connotations. Also, the terminology varies somewhat among the different countries of the world.
In addition to physical from, accommodation can be defined based on its type of clientele,
pricing, quality level and ownership. For the purposes of survey, analysis, and planning, the
terminology used in each area should be based on a combination of the generally accepted
international definitions and any locally accepted usage.
The most common type of accommodation is hotels, which include :
City or downtown hotels usually catering to both business and holiday travelers
Convention hotels catering to large conferences and conventions and often also general
business and holiday travelers
Airport hotels located near large airports designed for use by transient travelers, but also now
often including meeting facilities for use by business travelers flying in to hold meetings with
local persons
Hotels oriented to major railway or bus stations in cities and catering to transient travelers and
Resort hotels, which offer a wide range of facilities and services including recreations and
amenity features in a attractive environment and oriented to holiday tourist markets.
The larger urban hotels contain restaurants and other commercial facilities and services and
commonly some recreation and health facilities. Hotels may have configurations ranging from
high-rise to medium and low-rise or be comprised of individual cottage units or, in some cases, a
combination of these different forms. Types of rooms may range from standard to various
categories of suites.
Motels, motor hotels, or motor lodges are oriented to automobile travelers, include self-parking
facilities (although many city hotels now also provide some parking facilities) and typically are
located along major highways in rural and urban areas. A common locational patterns is a
concentration of motels situated alongside highways in the urban periphery and at major
highway intersections, often in association with restaurants and other facilities related to
automobile travel. Some motels do not include restaurants facilities while others now contain
restaurants, and some motels now offer meeting facilities. The traditional terms of inn and lodge
typically refer to small scale establishments and connote a feeling of coziness and friendliness,
although some large hotels now call themselves inns.
In Europe, the term of holiday village is commonly used to refer to low-rise accommodation
units with eating and recreations units with eating and recreation facilities and designed with a
village-like environment, perhaps even with a central open square bounded with small retail
shops. Highly self-contained resort hotels that offer a wide range of organized activities for
guests have been developed by Club Mediterranee in many places in the world; this concept has
more recently been emulated by other companies, such as Club Robinson. Some specialized type
accommodations are developed in historic buildings such as the paradors in Spain, palace hotels
in India, and in old village complexes in Yugoslavia and Korea. Traditional type accommodation,
such as the ryokans in Japan, are popular with some tourists. Although not usually part of the
accommodation inventory, accommodation is also provided through exchange programs of
persons from one area exchanging use of their home with persons from another area for a
specified vacation period.
An increasingly important type of accommodation are self-catering units that contain kitchen
facilities and often a separate sitting room and one or more bedrooms. These units usually have
the configuration of apartments, townhouses, or single-family houses, often termed villas, and
are popular with families or couples sharing a vacation who want to have the opportunity to
prepare their own meals and enjoy more living space than available in hotel rooms. Self-catering
units are a common form of accommodation in the Mediterranean region, the Caribbean, Hawaii,
New Zealand, Australia, and elsewhere. Such units meet a certain market demand, although there
is typically less expenditure by the tourist occupants who cook some of their own meals (but will
usually buy the meal ingredients locally). It is now common practice to include some self-
catering units in large resorts in addition to the hotel accommodation.
Usually associated with self-catering units but also applicable to hotels is the condominium type
of ownership whereby each unit is individually owned in fee simple with the landscape areas and
recreations and other facilities owned in common by all the unit owners. Condominium units can
either be retained for full-time use by the owners, who are sometimes retired persons who want
to live in a resort environment, or contracted to a property management company who rents them
on a short-term basis to tourists. Under this arrangement, it is common for the owner to retain
use rights for a short period each year for his or her own vocation or be allowed to rent any unit
in the complex at a discount for vacation use.
A specialized form of condominium ownership is time-sharing, whereby the unit is owned by
several different persons, each of whom has the right to use it during a specified period or the
right to contract it for rental to other tourists during that period. A person, for example, may buy
a specified two weeks ownership during which he or she has exclusive use of the unit. Under
both the condominium and time-sharing systems, the owners pay monthly fees for maintenance
of the common facilities and services in the complex. Condominium ownership and time-sharing
takes various legal formats, and it is important that areas that allow condominiums and time-
sharing adopt relevant legislation in order to properly regulate this type of ownership.
Some countries have applied classification systems for accommodation, especially hotels and
motels, that classify establishments into quality categories ranging from the luxury to basic levels
according to specific criteria. A common system is a five-star level classification with the four
and five star levels representing high quality accommodation that provides a broad range of
facilities and services, the three-star level indicating medium quality, and one-and two star
denoting the basic levels. Other systems use different categories such as deluxe, superior, and
good or A, B, C, D, and E. Room are structures are typically correlated to the star levels,
although there may be considerable variation of room pricing. Some countries also apply special
classifications to other types of accommodation such as pensions and guest houses. Minimum
standards of safety and hygiene are applicable to all classification levels and, of course, to any
accommodation in an area.
The survey of accommodation will include the type of each establishment, location, number of
rooms munits, quality level, special characteristics or facilities and services offered, roomrates,
and average annual occupancy rates, including any seasonal variations in occupancies. The
evaluation must include both the physical plant and the kind of facilities and services offered by
the establishments and the quality level of services. A hotel, for example, may have excellent
physical facilities but offer very poor quality service, and this should be noted. If a hotel
classification system is already being applied in the country or region and is considered by the
planning team to be realistic, it can be used to establish quality levels of the hotels. Otherwise, an
internationally accepted system of measurement should be applied, but taking into account that
there are regional differences in quality levels. The WTO, for example, has published basic hotel
classification system criteria for each of the major regions of the world.
Depending on the type of tourist markets, the availability of the alcoholic beverages may be a
consideration in some places, especially where there are local religious restrictions (or
prohibition) on consumption of alcoholic drink.
As mentioned in Chapter 4, in addition to satisfying normal tourists demand for good quality
meals, unusual or distinctive cuisine can be an important secondary attraction. Many tourists like
to try the local cuisine, if different than that to which they are accustomed, at least once and often
several times. Western tourists, for example, have discovered that many exotic cuisines, such as
those of Asia and the Middle East, which have been developed over the centuries and utilize
locally produced ingredients, have much to offer in the way of taste, smell, texture, and
appearance. Also, unusual foods, such as the various wild game meats (usually raised on game
farms) served in some East African restaurants in naturalistic surroundings, have wide appeal to
tourists. An important consideration is that, because local cuisine utilizes locally produced
ingredients, its use precludes the need to import expensive food items, thus bringing greater
economic benefits to the area. Therefore, the survey should include the present availability and
possibility of future development of local cuisine, including the feasibility, where necessary, of
adapting it to the typical tourist palate but still retaining its distinctive character and use of local
ingredients.
Tourist Information
Usually provided by the government tourism office but also by some hotels and tour and travel
agencies, tourist information facilities and services must be surveyed and evaluated with respect
to suitability of location, convenience of access, competence, knowledge, courtesy, and often
foreign language capabilities of the personnel, and the type and suitability of printed material
available. The availability of general background information and guide books about the area and
their cost levels should also be investigated.
Public safety
As emphasized in chapter 4, a reasonable level of public safety is a highly desirable precondition
for tourism. Public safety facilities and services that should be considered include the extent,
reliability, effectiveness, and honesty of the police force in tourism areas, security measures
exercised at hotels and other accommodation establishments, fire protection services available
for tourist facilities, and general capabilities of the tourism areas to maintain political stability
and control terrorist actions. At the same time, tourist should be informed of any local security or
crime problems and to exercise precautions when and where necessary, and the survey should
include review if whether tourists are so informed as a routine procedure, such as in tourists
information and hotel room brochures.
Postal services
Adequate postal service is essential for tourism, both for tourists' use and the efficient operation
of tourist facilities. Postal services should be evaluated with respect to their locational
convenience, including provision of postal services in hotels, reliability of delivery time,
protection against loss, and the efficiency and friendliness of postal clerks.
Road automobile and bus, rail, and water access is also surveyed in terms of capacities,
frequency of scheduled services, efficiency and maintenance levels of bus and railway
stations and ship docking facilities, particular problems, and future plans. For any mode of
transportation, evaluating of access must be related to the location of the major existing and
potential tourist markets and capabilities to handle the numbers of tourists from those origin
areas. For public transportation, It is important to evaluate quality levels of comfort and
service provided. Travel costs such as air fares must also be surveyed and evaluated within
the context of comparable distance fares to other tourist destinations. Relative to access to the
country or region, the cost, efficiency, and convenience of ground transportation services
from the access points, particularly the airports that are often located some distance from the
tourists immediate destinations, should be evaluated.
The country or regions internal transportation system of airports and air services,
roads and bus services, railways and rail services, water transportation, and any other types
must be surveyed and evaluated with respect to its capability to serve present and possible
future levels of tourism. Especially important to evaluate is access from the tourists entry
points to the tourist development areas, tourist attractions, and urban places. This evaluation
should include quality and comfort levels and pricing as well as the types of facilities and
services. The extent of integration of the internal transportation network including the
different modes of transportation should be analyzed.
Locational mapping of the transportation network and its characteristic is
necessary, and this mapping can include a system of grading the quality level of the network
components. The transportation map can then be related to the mapping of tourism
development areas and tourist attractions.
Other infrastructure
Survey and evaluation of other infrastructure is generally done at the national and
regional levels as a basis for determining overall availability and constraints and suitable
policy recommendations for infrastructure development. However, even at the national and
regional levels of planning, potential tourism development areas such as resorts and major
attraction features need to be more closely examined with respect to the availability of local
infrastructure in order to help determine their feasibility for development. It would be
pointless, for example, to recommend a large resort in a desert area where there is no
possibility of economically providing a water supply. The various components of other
infrastructure are reviewed in the following sections.
Water Supply
Of the various components of infrastructure, after transportation access, water supply is the
most critical because it depends on availability of a basic supply resource. Tourist facilities,
especially accommodation and related landscaping and swimming pools, require large
amounts for their effective operation. Both the extent and the quality of water supply or the
resources for supplying water must be considered generally at the national and regional
levels and more specifically for the tourism development areas.
If the present water supply systems are not adequate to serve projected future tourism
development, then the water resources must be evaluated. The potential resources may
include underground water, surface water from lakes, rivers, and catchment surfaces such as
building roofs and airport runways, and desalination of ocean, sea, or brackish underground
water. The development costs of alternative water resources will need to be evaluated. These
costs may vary over time. For example, desalination techniques such as reserve osmosis are
being rapidly improved and have been found to be cost effective for use in resorts if no other
sources are available and is now being used in some Caribbean Island resorts. In some areas,
a combination of water resources is the most efficient. In the Maldives Islands, for example,
many of the small island resorts use a combinations of the limited amount of available
groundwater with roof catchment and storage of rainwater, supplemented during dry periods
by desalination.
In addition to availability of water, the water quality levels and any need for treatment must
be considered. If local water quality standards are not adequate, then international standards
adopted by the World Health Organization (WHO) should be applied. Investigation should
also be made of any water conservation and recycling techniques that currently are or
potentially could be utilized in the planning area. For example, it is now common practice in
resorts to recycle treated sewage effluent for use as landscaping and golf course irrigation
water, and it is possible at greater cost to recycle effluent with tertiary treatment techniques
for use as potable water. Other conservation techniques are sometimes applied, such as
utilizing salt water for toilet flushing in water-deficient coastal or island resorts through
installation of two separate water systems, although these may present their own special
problems.
Electric Power
Electric power is also essential for most types of tourism development, but this component of
infrastructure is more flexible than water supply because, if necessary, electric power can be
generated on-site for tourist facilities and resorts, albeit sometimes at high cost. The overall
electric power system of the country or region should first be surveyed and then more
specifically analyzed for the existing and potential tourism development areas, In addition to
the availability of electric power, the reliability of service, including voltage consistency,
should be reviewed. Even with a reliable external source, most good quality hotels and
resorts maintain their own on-site emergency power generation with sufficient output to
supply at least the essential services.
The feasibility of utilizing energy conservation measures such as solar power for water
heating should be investigated. Several hotels in the pacific island for example, use solar
panels to supply the majority of their water heating energy needs. Also, as will be reviewed
in chapter 11, environmentally sensitive building design, such as open sided hotel lobbies
(not requiring air conditioning) in tropical environments can e applied to converse energy.
Sewage disposal
Adequate disposal of sewage is essential in any area, including tourism areas, in
order to prevent pollution of underground and surface waters and unpleasant odors. It was not
uncommon, especially before environmental problems became an issue in many places, for
beach hotels to discharge their sewage effluent into the immediate offshore water, often
resulting in pollution of the water area in which their guests went swimming. The service
area capacities, and quality of centralized sewage collection and treatment systems, if they
exist in the tourism areas, should be evaluated with respect to their capability of serving
present and projected future tourism development. If central system have not been developed,
the local disposal systems of existing facilities such as septic tanks should be examined to
determine whether they are adequate or creating any pollution problems. If they are
inadequate, then recommendations must be made on improvements needed.
Determination of appropriate sewage disposal techniques must be related to the
scale and environmental situation of the development. Often, small-scale tourist facilities can
utilize relatively simple septic tank and leaching bed disposal techniques, if soil conditions
are suitable. Larger scale hotels and resorts require central sewage collection systems and
treatment plants. Techniques for installation of satisfactory sewage disposal systems for
hotels and resorts are well refined and available but become a cost factor that must be
considered in tourist facility development.
Telecommunications
Telecommunications are also essential for tourism, both for the operation
accommodation, touring services, and other tourist facilities and for tourists, especially business
travelers, to use. Even very basic and remote resorts need some form of telecommunications for
operational puspose and for any emergencies That might arise such as serious accidents by
tourists of staff requiring medical treatment. Telecommunications include telephone, telegraph,
telex, and recently, telefax (which uses the telephone system). In remote areas such as the
Australian Outback, interior of Papua New Guinea and some Pacific Island radio or radio
telephone is utilized. The survey and evaluation should review the availability and reliability of
telecommunications in tourist areas, with recommendations made on any improvements needed
for present and future use.
Drainage
Proper drainage of the land is an important component of infrastructure, altough usually a
consideration only at the community level of tourism planning. Effective drainage precludes
flooding during periods of heavy rainfall or when nearby rivers or lakes are flooding from
rainfall elsewhere. Even in desert environment, the occasional rain can be very intense, leading
to serious and sometime destructive flooding. Drainage works sre usually associated with
roadways but in low-lying areas may require canals and special floodways.
Employee Housing and Community Services
Although not infrastructure in the usual sense, tourism employee housing and related
community facilites and services such as schools, libraries, medical clinics, religious building,
post offices, community centers, and retail shops must be considered in the survey and
evaluation for tourism planning. If the tourism development is located in or near well-developed
urban and town areas, there may be sufficient housing and community facilites for the tourism
employees. But in remote areas or where the tourism development is large-scale, requiring many
employees, new housing with adequate and integrated community facilites and services, as well
as the basic infrastructure, will need to be planned and developed, whether by the public or
private sectors.
Case Studies
The first case study is of the transportation survey and analysis for tourism development
in Mongolia, a particulary important consideration because of the remoteness of that country in
central Asia from its major tourism markets. The second study is of accommodation survey and
analysis for the Cyprus, located in the eastern Mediterranean region, where tourism is already
substantially developed, and accommodation was an important element of the background survey
and analysis for the Cyprus tourism plan.
The primary attractions are the good beaches combined with the warm, sunny Mediterranean
climate, with important secondary features of archaeological and historic sites representing a
long and varied history. The interior mountains offer cooler temperatures, scenic forested
landscape, and interesting traditional villages. Most tourism development is concentrated in
several places along the coast with some accommodation in the capital city of Nicosia.
The plan indentified three major strategic objective: 1) growth of tourisms contribution
to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP), based on targets set by the national planning bureau:, 2)
protection of the environmental and cultural qualities of Cyprus; and 3) attraction of higher
expenditure rourists. As indicated in the plan, the fast growth of tourism since 1974 has made
Cyprus a mass tourism destination, causing servere environmental degradation of the coastal
areas and some loss of cultural identity; and, recognizing the country is small with limited
resources, step should be taken to control the future growth of tourist accommodation and tourist
arrivals. An integral part of the study involed conducting a carrying capacity analysis for tourism
if the coastal region and recommending ways in which some existing tourism areas could be
omproved. It was seen that the third objective of attracting higher spending tourists would make
possible to increase tourisms contribution to GDP without excessive increase in accommodation
and tourist arrivals that would further jeorpadize the environmental and cultural qualities of the
island.
Because of the existing major development of accommodation and its particular
characteristic and influence on present and future tourism patterns, analysis of accommodation
was an omportant component of the study . various types of accommodation have been
developed in Cyprus. At the end of 1986, there were 31,658 Cyprus Tourism Organization (CTO)
registered tourist beds classified into hotels and hotel apatements, touris villas, tourist apatements
and funished apartement originally in the unlicensed sector but that were recognized by CTO at
the end of 1986-a total of 41,928 registered tourist beds, in addition, there is an informal
accommodation sector resulting from the considerable growth of the retirement and second home
market, and it was evident that much of this is available for rental by tourist. It was estimated
that in 1986, some 208,000 tourist, 24 percent of the total that year, stayed in this type of non-
registered accommodation. Of the se, 75,000 stayed in their own apartements or villas. The
economics of renting this informal accommodation to tourists is not as critical as in for mal
sector, because retirement and second home develompmet is not normaly based only on
commercial vialibility.
Accommodation was analyzed in several respects. Hotels in Cyprus are classified into
star catego is from one to five, and hotel apatements are calssified into the there categories of A,
B, and C plus the categories of tourist villas, tourist apartements and funished apartement. The
percentage of distribution of all the registered accommodation into the various categories was
calculated by year from 1981-1986 in order to determine the trends in distribution mix as well as
the overall growth and present distribution. Because of the appromixate doubling of
accommodation available between those years, this trends analysis was an important indicator of
investor perception of market demand and, of course, the actual market demand. The growth and
distribution of accommodation by type and category was calculated for each of the eight main
tourism zones in the planning area of the island, which indicated the general types by zone.
Accommodation size (that is, number of units such as number of hotels and blocks of
apartements and average number of beds by type of unit and location by tourism zone) was
calculated. The report indicated that the limited amount of fove-star hotel development over the
las five years (1981-86) and the small sixe of hotels in general are important in dicators of the
extent of local investment, with most hotel project probably operating less efficiently than their
counterparts in competing destinations where there would be greater economies of scale.
The form and layour of hotel development was analyzed by star category interms of total
area of sites and number of units to arrive at an average site area, and the total number of beds
and average beds per unit to arrive at the average number of beds per hedare. This calculation
was applied to each of the tourism zones. The results of the density analysis showed a traditional
pattern with the higher category or quality of accommodation having the lower density of
development for the hotels, also, as would be expected, the more luxurious hotel developments
occupied the larger sites. It was concluded that hotel development generally optimized site areas
more afficiently than hotel apartements. Densities are also indluenced by the zoning regulations
and other legal requipments. These density and other calculations were important indicators to
determine future accommodation land use requipments and appropriate development standars.
The forms of accommodation development were evaluated the higher class hotels
generally occup key sites adjacent to some of the best beaches in monolitchic structures rising
eight stories and in mostr cases, the lower category hotels and hotel apartement occupy the less
desirable sites often rising to no more than two or three stories and in many cases with poor
views and access to beaches. Development tends to be small in scale and not well integred. At
tempts have been make at adopting the traditional village types of layout concepts, but this has
been difficult to implement due to the small sites involved, and often the nearby conventional
accommodation detracts from these more innovative design approaches.
Land values for tourism development were evaluated and determined to be high due to
speculation, especially in prime locations and in coastal areas and estabilished tourism ceners.
Land values were determined for different types of sites-coastal prime, coastal average,
hinterland, and downtown-for hotels was reviewed, indicating the problems involed, especially
for local investors with limited financial resources.
All the planned and committed accommodation development projects were determined
and the destimated increase in beds for each accommodation type for 1988 and 1991 in the
formal sector was canculated. An evaluation was made of the extent of additional proposals that
would likely be made during the late 1980.
Other calculations that were made or that already axisted and were incorporated into the
the accommodation analysis included the number of tourist arrivals staying in each type of
accommodation, the average length of stay and number of bed nights for each type of
accommodation, occupancy rates by type of accommodation, and bed to staff ratios by type of
accommodation. To bed to staff ratios ranged from 1.86 for five-star hotels to 6.13 for one-star
hotels, and from 4.49 for A class hotel apartements to 8.98 for C class hotel apartements. This
calculation is important in determining future employment and training needs and the economic
impact of employment. Occupancy rates were somewhat lower in hotel apartements than hotels,
and much lower in tourist apartements.
The report indicated that much of the accommodation and tourism development generally
is undertaken by many small investors and operators who tend to overdevelop in places, causing
the natural amenities to become satirated during the high season. Furthermore, these types of
investors are unable to cope financially with a fall in occupancy rates and handle cyclical market
mechanisms as well as in other places. Therefore, allowing complete market freedom for
development in Cyprus would be uniwisse. The plan report stated that it will be increasingly in
the future not only to construct more accommodation to meet growth but also to ensure that it
concentrates on the needs of the hiher-expenditure sedments if the market and does not
encourage the ploriferation of narroe-based, traditional small to medium-size project. The report
concluded that a strategy based on controlled growth with stronger links forged between the
private and public sectors is the most approapriate course of action for the future.