Theory of Extinguishment

If any of these components is not present in proper proportion or degree, no fire

will occur. If a fire exists and even one of them is sufficiently removed, the fire
will go out. Combustion will continue as long as these three factors are present.
Removal of one of them leads to stop the combustion in other words by
breaking any one of the three links of chain, the fire can be extinguished
1. By eliminating the combustible fuel,
2. By cutting off the oxygen supply, or
3. By cooling to appoint below the ignition temperature.
Starvation:
If un-burnt fuel is removed from the fire by physical or mechanical moving, the
combustion will cease for example:
If fire involves electrical equipment, the current supply should be cut off as
soon as I possible.
The best method of handling gas fires is to stop the flow of gas by closing
of the main valve for shutting off the supply.
For removing fuel, liquid storage tanks are often provided with
arrangements for drainage to a remove container, or producing water
curtain that blocs the passage of heat to the fuel
Smothering:
If the oxygen is removed or prevented from reaching the combustible material
by blanketing or something or diluted by an inert gas or dispersion in it of a
non-combustible powder, the combustion will cease. If oxygen is prevented by
displacing the air with an inert gas, or by sealing off with blanket of foam or by
smothering the fire by dry chemical powder or vaporizing liquids, the fire will be
put J out
Cooling:
If heat is removed by cooling with water them the combustion will cease.
Cooling of the burning j material reduces the temperature of material to below
its ignition temperature and thus the fire I is completely extinguished.