In partial fulfillment

Of the requirements for the

Subject CHN R.L.E
By: Mary Josephine M. Briones

Latest news update in Community Health Nursing

HPV vaccine 'should be given to boys'

23 SEPTEMBER, 2014 01:01 PM

The government has been urged to extend human papillomavirus vaccination to all boys.

The Royal Society for Public Health (RSPH) revealed concerns that the Joint Committee on
Vaccinations and Immunisation (JCVI) would not reach a decision on whether to extend the
vaccinations by the end of 2016.

In a paper written by RSPH, the group called for the government to:

- Explore piloting the HPV vaccine to men who have sex with men (MSM) in a range of
settings, including gyms.

- Provide males with the same protection against genital warts that is currently offered to
girls through Gardasil.

- Ensure that the cost per dosage for the vaccine takes into account the lower cost per
quality adjusted life years (QALY) for boys.

Exploring a range of settings could reduce the risk of dropping out, the group claims.

Shirley Cramer, CEO of RSPH welcomed any proposed move to extend the vaccination to
MSM, but reiterated that providing the vaccine to boys in schools would be a more
straightforward approach. Given the strong association between HPV and oral, anal and
penile cancers, and the prevention of genital warts, it makes absolute sense that the
vaccine should be extended to males. HPV doesnt discriminate between the sexes, and we
would urge the JCVI to ensure that the vaccine is offered in schools to boys.

While moves to extend the vaccination to MSM (who currently do not receive protection
through herd immunity), is a step forward, we should be introducing the vaccination before
the age of sexual debut, and the school setting provides an ideal environment to ensure
boys complete both doses. If the vaccine is not offered within a school setting, and is
received after the age of 14, then an additional dose of the vaccine is required, and there
may be a danger of drop out in completing all 3 doses required to guarantee HPV immunity.
In addition to exploring the setting in which a vaccination is offered, the RSPH argues that
research on hepatitis B suggests that offering incentives, such as small amounts of cash and
supermarket vouchers can help encourage individuals to complete the full dose of
treatment.

A range of incentives appropriate for the setting could be introduced. For example, those
accessing the vaccine through a gym could receive a free period of gym membership as an
incentive to complete all doses; or students could be offered food vouchers to be used
within the university.

Patients "not well served" by community mental health

22 SEPTEMBER, 2014 10:53 AM

People using NHS community mental health services are not involved in planning their care
and do not know who to contact in a crisis, a survey published by the Care Quality
Commission (CQC) shows.

A survey of more than 13,500 community mental health service users in England found that
most staff "definitely" listened carefully (73%) and "always" treated them with respect and
dignity (75%).

However, the results highlighted that many people (20%) do not feel that they see staff
often enough to meet their needs.

Close to a quarter (23%) has not been told who is in charge of their care, and the same
amount has not agreed what care they will receive.

Twenty-six per cent have not had a formal meeting to discuss how their care is working in
the last year.

And one in three people (32%) did not know who to contact if they have a crisis. When
people did know who to contact and had contacted them, 20% of respondents did not get
the help they needed.

Dr Paul Lelliot, deputy chief inspector of hospitals (lead for mental health) said: "It is clear
from this survey that many people do not feel well-served by community mental health
services.

"Leaders and staff from mental health trusts should reflect on what they could do differently
and better to ensure people are engaged effectively and involved in their care and take
action to ensure that people get the help and support they need."

Paul Farmer, chief executive of mental health charity Mind said: These results are
symptomatic of wider mental health care and there is little sign that services are improving
for people with mental health problems. While in some areas people get the help they need,
when they need it and feel informed about and involved in their care, too often the opposite
is the case. We are particularly concerned that a quarter of people had not had a review of
their care in the past year. If a service hasnt reviewed a persons care with them, they cant
possibly know whether the care they are providing is effective and right for them.

That one in four people dont always feel treated with respect and dignity by those
responsible for their care is completely unacceptable. We all have a right to be treated with
compassion and kindness and we know that the relationship between staff and service users
can have a huge impact on recovery. The recommendations of the Francis review apply as
much to mental health as they do to the rest of the NHS and we need to see significant
improvements in this area.

It is also unacceptable that so many people dont know where to turn when in crisis and
that those who do seek crisis support often find they dont get the help they need. We
should expect the same urgent response for mental health as we do for a physical health
emergency."

Ebola vaccine could be developed by 2015

13 AUGUST, 2014 11:05 AM

An Ebola vaccine could be ready for public use as soon as 2015, the World Health
Organization has said.

More than 1,000 people have died from Ebola in West Africa, in conditions WHO have
deemed an international health emergency.

There is no vaccine, cure or treatment for the disease, which is spread through the bodily
fluids of an infected person.

Marie-Paule Kienny, an assistant director general at WHO said the 2015 timeline for a cure is
realistic.

Public Health England (PHE) has reassured the public that the threat of infection from the
virus remains low.

There is currently no ban on international travel or trade, but PHE has recommended
healthcare professionals remain vigilant for potential cases.

Once transmitted the symptoms include fever, internal and external bleeding, vomiting and
diarrhoea.

Dr Brian McCloskey, said: "We have robust mechanisms in place for detecting and
responding to any unusual infections within the UK, but ultimately the best possible defence
will be ensuring the outbreak in west Africa is brought under control.

"Though it is possible a case could be identified in the UK in a person retuning from an

affected country, this is unlikely.

"Ebola causes more harm in countries with less developed healthcare facilities and public
health capacity."

October 7, 2014