Transpiration

It is the loss of water from parts of plants, especially leaves but also stems, flowers and roots. Leaf
surfaces are dotted with openings called stomata, and in most plants, they are more numerous on
the undersides of the foliage. The stoma is bordered by guard cells that open and close the pore.
Transpiration occurs through stomata
Transpiration is the process of water movement through a plant and its evaporation from aerial parts,
such as leaves, stems and flowers.
Transpiration occurs through the stomatal apertures associated with the opening of the stomata to
allow the diffusion of carbon dioxide gas from the air for photosynthesis. Transpiration also cools
plants, changes osmotic pressure of cells, and enables mass flow of mineral nutrients and water
from roots to shoots.

Transpiration explains how water moves up the plant against gravity in tubes made of dead
xylem cells without the use of a pump.

Water on the surface of spongy and palisade cells (inside the leaf) evaporates and
then diffuses out of the leaf. This is called transpiration. More water is drawn out of the xylem
cells inside the leaf to replace what's lost. As the xylem cells make a continuous tube from the
leaf, down the stem to the roots, this acts like a drinking straw, producing a flow of water and
dissolved minerals from roots to leaves.

Wind Transpiration is faster in Water vapour is removed quickly by air movement,

windy conditions speeding up diffusion of more water vapour out of the
leaf
Wind Wind can alter rates of transpiration by removing the boundary layer, that
still layer of water vapor hugging the surface of leaves. Wind increases the
movement of water from the leaf surface when it reduces the boundary layer,
because the path for water to reach the atmosphere is shorter.

In still air, water lost due to transpiration can accumulate in the form of vapor close to the
leaf surface. This will reduce the rate of water loss, as the water potential gradient from
inside to outside of the leaf is then slightly less. Wind blows away much of this water vapor
near the leaf surface, making the potential gradient steeper and speeding up the diffusion
Wind
of water molecules into the surrounding air. Even in wind, though, there may be some
accumulation of water vapor in a thin boundary layer of slower moving air next to the leaf
surface. The stronger the wind, the thinner this layer will tend to be, and the steeper the
water potential gradient.

Wind
When there is no breeze, the air surrounding a leaf becomes increasingly humidthus
reducing the rate of transpiration. When a breeze is present, the humid air iscarried
away and replaced by drier air