International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET)

Volume 8, Issue 1, January 2017, pp. 558568, Article ID: IJCIET_08_01_063

Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/issues.asp?JType=IJCIET&VType=8&IType=1
ISSN Print: 0976-6308 and ISSN Online: 0976-6316
IAEME Publication

PET BOTTLE WASTE AS A SUPPLEMENT TO

CONCRETE FINE AGGREGATE
Mastan Vali N
PG Student, Civil Engineering Department,
K L University, Vaddeswaram, A. P, India

SS. ASADI
Associate Dean of Academics, Department of Civil Engineering,
K L University, Vaddeswaram, A. P, India

ABSTRACT
Background/Objectives: Polyethelene terephthalate (PET) is a standout amongst the
most well-known purchaser plastic utilized and is broadly utilized as crude material to items,
for example, mineral water bottles, soda pop jugs, compartments for bundling of sustenance
and other shopper products. Methods/Statistical Analysis: The goal of this paper to decide
ideal quality and impact of utilization of reused PET as fractional substitution of fine total in
common Portland bond. In this study Concrete with 0%, 5%.10%, 15% and 20% PET
containers waste for fine total were delivered and contrasted against blend and no
substitution or 0% substitution. Findings: The 3D square examples and shaft examples of 45
no of each were thrown, cured and tried for 7days and 28days quality. The pressure and
flexural quality were done and results were contrasted and control example. In light of the
examination a relationship for the forecast of compressive quality and flexural quality of
cement containing waste PET as fine total substitution. Applications/Improvements: The
consequences of this examination merge the possibility of the utilization of pet container
waste in the field of development particularly in the plan of cement. The utilization of PET
containers waste due to reduced and light weight and in turn lessens the unit cement weight.
The auxiliary solid individual weight from a building diminishment will lead to reduction in
building weight and reduce the seismic danger due to the earth shake drives directly reliant
on the earth shudder strengths.
Key words: Waste Pet Bottles, Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET), Compressive Strength,
Aggregate Replacement.
Cite this Article: Mastan Vali N and SS. Asadi, Pet Bottle Waste As A Supplement To
Concrete Fine Aggregate. International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology, 8(1),
2017, pp. 558568.
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 Pet Bottle Waste As A Supplement To Concrete Fine Aggregate

1. INTRODUCTION
Among various waste parts, plastic waste merits extraordinary consideration on record decayable
material which is drawing attention of everybody. Nearly 60 million tons of waste is disposed
annually in developing nations like India which is growing 2.5 to 4% rapidly. Among the wastage,
plastic occupy significant position (12.3%) which is from disposed of water jugs. The PET disposal
is very complex issue whose degradation or incineration causes harmful effects on the environment
and surrounding ecological conditions, which might also cause damage to vegetation1-7.
Extensive research and numerous scientists are working in this area of plastic waste disposal
in eco-friendly manner. Especially, the First World Countries like United states, Britain are very
much interested in this subject. The focus is shifting to utilization of plastic in the architectural field
and construction industry which is very much feasible in construction driven and intensive countries
like India. Poly-ethylene Terephthalate (PET) bottle granules are explored for usage in construction
industry and the effect of morphological change on physiological behavior of the manufacturing
materials is studied in this paper with the help of some tests5-10.
The issue of organizing and supervising solid waste materials in all countries has been able
to be one of the real common, reasonable, and societal related issues. An comprehensive integrated
waste management system comprising of reuse, incineration, proper disposal of non decaying waste,
usage of non bio degradable items as auxiliary equipment in other fields like construction industry
and other areas, other waste exchange issues10-15.
In general, the material plastic cannot be reutilized and people are not really very interested
to rapidly consider recycling of these materials. There is growing awareness in the recycling and
reuse of plastics nowadays due to growing concern for ecological aspects among the mankind. But
the recycling involves many technical and scientific procedures as recuperated one cannot be utilized
again with regard to the structural changes and temperatures required for melting. The driving
ideology of this paper is to examine the possibility and to what extent the plastic can be used again.
Among the applications which suit for plastic recycling, construction industry generally promises to
maximum extent of usage. Sand in case of hard composites in concrete technology is vividly replaced
by plastic.
The polyethylene (PET) bottle which can without much of a stretch be gotten from the earth
with no expense is destroyed and added into customary cement to analyze the quality conduct of
different examples.
Warm assurance update in concrete technology by including plastic waste and versatile
smaller units can similarly be considered. The plastic technology doesnt require any maintenance
(in light of composing) and in this manner disintegration control examination ought to be
conceivable. The things which are pointed in this suspect genuinely have a business regard
consequent to there is predefined specification for commercial items for advancement. The PET can
be efficiently used with proper engineering works and sophisticated as well as superior technology
which can disintegrate the plastic into smaller granules which may be sometimes shallow type or
bursting debris .Essentially the divider sheets which are light in weight and balusters are to be used
in ever changing conditions in both industrial as well as societal changes.

2. OBJECTIVES
The principle objectives are outlined as follows.
Concrete composition is modified by replacement of sand and to determine of the replacement is
apt: The goal of this paper to decide ideal quality and impact of utilization of reused PET as fractional
substitution of fine total in common Portland bond. In this study Concrete with 0%, 5%.10%,15%
and 20% PET containers waste for fine total were delivered with three different grades of concrete
for M20,M25 and M30.

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 Mastan Vali N and SS. Asadi

3. METHODOLOGY
3.1. Materials
Plastic: PET bottle waste granules.
Fine aggregate: River sand.
Cement: OPC53 grade.
Coarse aggregate: 20 mm & 10 mm.

3.2 Procedure
In this project, river sand found in percentages 5%, 10%, 15% & 20% is substituted for 20, 25 and
30 molar grade concrete. The amount of replacement percentage with respect to volume wise in
comparison to the total volume is relative and it is blend proportioned.
150 mm x 150 mm 150 mm cubical and axle specimens of admeasurements 100 mm 100
mm 500 mm and the butt specimens admeasurements are 150mmx600mm dia of 36 numbers are
chosen for the purpose of casting for altered accommodation with PET bottles (grounded) and
ascendancy mixture. Slump analysis was performed initially accurate to actuate the feasibility. The
extensive performance evaluation tests performed on accustomed accurate afterwards 7 and 28days
canicule of abating were compression bend analysis and spilt compactness tests.
The calm decay PET canteen flakes are apparent in Figure 2 and the artificial fiber (ground) is
apparent in Figure1.

Figure 1 Pet bottle fibers Figure 2 pet bottle flakes

3.3 Optimal mix

The optimal values of the material composition as the standard guidelines are tabulated in Table1.
The blended mix for M30 brand accurate considered according to IS 456:2000, IS 10262:2009 in
this paper.

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 Pet Bottle Waste As A Supplement To Concrete Fine Aggregate

Table I Materials Used

w/c ratio Cement Fine aggregate Coarse aggregate
0.45 413 740 1092
Specific gravity of cement, fine and coarse aggregate are3.15, 2.78 and 2.89 respectively
Water absorption
Fine aggregate = 1%
Coarse aggregate = 0.5%

3.4. Plastic fiber mix

The plastic fiber mix was performed for predefined percentages of artificial fibers i.e., 5%, 10%,
15% and 20% backup for aggregates. The mix as per prescribed guidelines are tabulated in Table II..

Table II Mix Composition

Meterial Pet bottle waste as %
5 10 15 20
water 187 187 187 187
Cement (kg/m3) 413 413 413 413
Fine aggregate (kg/m3) 703 666 629 592
Coarse aggregate (kg/m3) 1092 1092 1092 1092
The process of deformation of composites takes place for one day and are well treated in curing
tank usually for 1 to 4 weeks. Then, the samples are prepared for the process of testing. The
illustrations were attempted in the suitable designated testing machine. Three amounts of case in
each were attempted and the ordinary worth is registered. The results were differentiated and
separated and that of control mix.
The Compression, Flexural quality and split tensile tests are performed as shown in Figure 3(a),
Figure 3(b) and Figure 3(c).

Figure 3a Compression test set up Figure 3b Flexural strength test set up

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 Mastan Vali N and SS. Asadi

Figure 3c Spilt tensile strength test set up

The Figure 4 represents the detailed outline of the methodology adapted in this paper

Figure 4 Flowchart for the detailed Methodology

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 Pet Bottle Waste As A Supplement To Concrete Fine Aggregate

4. RESULTS AND DISSCUSSIONS

4.1 Compressive strength test
Compressive Strength is defined as force per unit area and given by P/A N/mm2 , where the symbols
have their usual meanings. The chart appeared in figure 5,6,7 represents the variety of the
compressive quality of examples with various substitution rate of fine totals by plastic PET strands.

Figure 5 Compressive strength Vs plastic waste for M30 grade of concrete

Figure 6 Compressive strength Vs plastic waste for M25 grade of concrete

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 Mastan Vali N and SS. Asadi

Figure 7 Compressive strength Vs plastic waste for M20 grade of concrete

A considerable increment in the compressive quality is seen till 10% supplanting of the fine total
with PET jugs filaments and after that the compressive quality is step by step diminished. The
supplanting of fine total with 10% substitution is observed to be sensible.

4.2 Flexural strength test

In case of 10 cm prism specimen, flexural strength is given as
fb= pa/bd2 in case of a >13.3 cm
fb = 3pa/bd2 in case of a < 13.3cm
where the symbols have usual meaning
The diagram appeared in figure 8,9,10 delineates the variety of the flexural quality of examples with
various substitution rate of fine totals by plastic PET container waste

4.5
4
flexral strength (MPA)

3.5
3
2.5
2
7 days
1.5
1 28 days
0.5
0
0% 5% 10% 15% 20%
Percentage of plastic (PET) bottle fibres (%)

Figure 8 Flexural strength Vs Plastic fibres (%) for M30 grade of concrete

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 Pet Bottle Waste As A Supplement To Concrete Fine Aggregate

6
flexral strength (MPA)

5
4
3
7 days
2
28 days
1
0
0% 5% 10% 15% 20%
Percentage of plastic (PET) bottle fibres (%)

Figure 9 Flexural strength Vs Plastic fibres (%) for M25 grade of concrete

6
flexral strength (MPA)

5
4
3
7 days
2
28 days
1
0
0% 5% 10% 15% 20%
Percentage of plastic (PET) bottle fibres (%)

Figure 10 Flexural strength Vs Plastic fibres (%) for M20 grade of concrete
The flexural quality of the examples with supplanting of the fine total with the PET jug waste
increments continuously with the expansion in the substitution rate however it might succumb to
more substitution rate as it is to some degree same for the 5% and 10%. The supplanting of the fine
total with 10% of PET container strands will be sensible than different rates.

4.3 Spilt tensile strength test

Barrel shaped compressive rigidity of reference cement for M20. M25 and M30 grades. The Figure
11,12,13. demonstrates the conduct of quality after7 and 28 days of curing of examples under barrel
shaped compressive qualities.

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 Mastan Vali N and SS. Asadi

6
spilt tensile strength (MPA)

3
7 days
2
28 days
1

0
0% 5% 10% 15% 20%
Percentage of plastic (PET) bottle fibres (%)

Figure 11 Spilt tensile strength Vs Plastic fibres (%) for M30 grade of concrete

6
spilt tensile strength (MPA)

3
7 days
2
28 days
1

0
0% 5% 10% 15% 20%
Percentage of plastic (PET) bottle fibres (%)

Figure 12 Spilt tensile strength Vs Plastic fibres (%) for M25 grade of concrete

6
spilt tensile strength (MPA)

3
7 days
2
28 days
1

0
0% 5% 10% 15% 20%
Percentage of plastic (PET) bottle fibres (%)

Figure 13 Spilt tensile strength Vs Plastic fibers (%) for M20 grade of concrete
The spilt rigidity of the examples with supplanting of the fine total with the PET jug waste
increments slowly with the expansion in the substitution rate however it might succumb to more

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 Pet Bottle Waste As A Supplement To Concrete Fine Aggregate

substitution rate as it is to some degree same for the 5% and 10%. The supplanting of the fine total
with 10% of PET jug strands will be sensible than different rates.

5. CONCLUSION
1. The solid with PET waste significantly reduces the cement weight and this helps in the preparation
of concrete technology with reduced amount of unit weight.
2. The compressive quality expanded up to 10% supplanting of the fine total with PET container
filaments and it step by step diminished for 15 % and 20% substitutions. Thus supplanting of fine
total with 10% substitution will be sensible.
3. The flexural quality expanded up to 10% supplanting of the fine total with PET container waste and
it slowly diminished for 15% and continues as before for 20% substitutions.
4. It was watched that the spilt rigidity expanded up to 10% supplanting of the fine total with PET
container waste and it step by step diminished for 15% and continues as before for 20% substitutions.
5. Thus, the supplanting of the fine total with 5% of PET jug waste will be sensible than other
substitution rates like 10%,15% and 20% as the pressure and flexral quality lessens step by step.
6. It is economically very less comparing to fine aggregate
7. For future studies the following ideas can be suitable.
Admixtures can be utilized to enhance holding of PET jug waste.
Utilization of waste in plastic cement in different extents to enhance the quality.
Plastic waste alongside steel filaments can be utilized to enhance the quality of cement.
A better method for crushing plastic jugs might be embraced to deliver waste in expansive scale.

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