15.

9 Sixteen freshmen on a college campus were grouped into eight pairs in

such a way that the two members of any pair were as similar as possible in
academic backgroundsas measured by high school class rank and
achievement test scoresand also in social backgrounds. The major
difference within pairs was that one student was from in state and the other
from out of state. At the end of the first year of college, grade point averages
of these students were recorded, yielding the results shown in the table. Use
the Wilcoxon test to analyze the data. Discuss the implications of the test
results.

Pair In-State Out_State Diff Rank RANK(+) RANK(-)

F 2.3 2.8 -0.5 1 1
C 2.4 2.7 -0.3 2 2
B 3 3.1 -0.1 3 3
G 2.6 2.6 0 4
E 3.9 3.7 0.2 5 5
H 3.7 3.3 0.4 6 6
D 3.8 3.3 0.5 7 7
A 3.4 2.8 0.6 8 8
Rank Sum 6 26

Wilcoxon signed rank Statistics, T = min(6, 26) = 6

15.23 The accompanying table shows, for a random sample of 20 long-term
growth mutual funds, percentage return over a period of 12 months and
total assets (in millions of dollars).

Return Assets X-Rank(R) Y-Rank(A) di=xi-yi di^2

29.3 300 20 12 8 64
27.6 70 19 3 16 256
23.7 3,004 18 20 -2 4
22.3 161 17 9 8 64
22 827 16 19 -3 9
19.6 295 15 11 4 16
17.6 29 14 2 12 144
16 421 13 13 0 0
15.5 99 12 6 6 36
15.2 756 11 18 -7 49
15 730 10 17 -7 49
14.4 436 9 14 -5 25
14 143 8 8 0 0
13.7 117 7 7 0 0
12.9 75 6 5 1 1
11.3 610 5 15 -10 100
9.9 264 4 10 -6 36
7.9 27 3 1 2 4
6.7 71 2 4 -2 4
3.3 719 1 16 -15 225
1086
a. Calculate the Spearman rank correlation coefficient.
b. Carry out a nonparametric test of the null hypothesis of no association in
the population against a two-sided alternative.
c. Discuss the advantages of a nonparametric test for these data.
16.5 A campus administrator has found that 60% of all students
view courses as very useful, 20% as somewhat useful, and
20% as worthless. Of a random sample of 100 students
taking business courses, 68 found the course in question very
useful, 18 somewhat useful, and 14 worthless. Test the null
hypothesis that the population distribution for business
courses is the same as that for all courses.
16.11 The number of times a machine broke down each week
was observed over a period of 100 weeks and recorded in
the accompanying table. It was found that the average
number of breakdowns per week over this period was 2.1.
Test the null hypothesis that the population distribution of
breakdown is Poisson.
Number of Breakdowns 0 1 2 3 4 5 or More
Number of weeks 10 24 32 23 6 5 .
16.27 Suppose that you have collected market survey
data for gender and product purchase. Perform a chi-
square test to determine if there is a different
probability of purchase among men and women.
Include in your answer the expected cell values under
the null hypothesis.

Gender
Decision Male Female
Purchase 150 150
No Purchase 50 250
17.6 (15.3) Three suppliers provide parts in shipments
of 500 units. Random samples of six shipments from
each of the three suppliers were carefully checked, and
the numbers of parts not conforming to standards
were recorded. These numbers are listed in the table.

Supplier Supplier Supplier

A B C Total
28 22 33 83
37 27 29 93
34 29 39 102
29 20 33 82
31 18 37 86
33 30 38 101
Total 192 146 209 547
a. Set out the analysis of variance table for these
data.
b. Test the null hypothesis that the population mean
numbers of parts per shipments not conforming to
standards are the same for all three suppliers.
17.31 (15.22) An agricultural experiment designed to
assess differences in yields of corn for four different vari-
eties, using three different fertilizers, produced the
results (in bushels per acre) shown in the table.
Variety
Fertilizer A B C D
1 86 88 77 84
2 92 91 81 93
3 75 80 83 79

a. Set out the two-way analysis of variance table,

b. Test the null hypothesis that the population mean
yields are identical for all four varieties of corn.
c. Test the null hypothesis that population mean yields
are the same for all three brands of fertilizer.