Seneca Falls Convention: Seneca Falls, New York, in July 1848.
Over 300 men and women
attended. The Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions were issued. Elisabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott were denied the opportunity to speak from the floor or to be seated as delegates at a World Anti-Slavery Society meeting. The first WRM in the United States. Abolitionism v. Anti-slavery: Anti slavery-people against the idea of slavery. Abolition is the idea of actually trying to get rid of slavery. Abraham Lincoln held a moderate position against spread of slavery but was not an abolitionist. Frederick Douglass, ex-slave, played a significant role in the abolitionist movement. He helped get the Emancipation Proclamation issued along side with Lincoln. Lincoln-Douglas Debates: A series of seven debates between Abraham Lincoln and Stephen Douglas. It was for the open Illinois Senate seat. All focused on slavery. Douglas supported popular soverighnty while lincoln talked about how he thought slavery was an immoral act. This was significant because these debates helped Lincoln gain national recognition as a political figure. Slavery as it exists: An anti-abolistionist political cartoon. It compared the living conditions of American slaves with British industrial workers. The top portion of the cartoon shows slaves singing and dancing while Northerners and Southerners stand in the background observing. The bottom portion of the cartoon shows very poor looking factory workers at a British cotton factory. Kansas-Nebraska Act: Passed in March of 1853. Created two new territories in the Midwest, Kansas and Nebraska. The Missouri compromise was ruled unconstitutional so the Kansas and Nebraska act was passed. The plan was that Nebraska would be free and Kansas would be slave. Nebraska joined the union. The act caused The Whig Party to die in the South and weakened in the North. Dred Scott decision: Dred Scott was a slave who traveled to Illinois, a free state, with his owner. He returned to Missouri and sued for his freedom. He claimed that stand on free soil had made him free. I believe this decision influenced the nomination of Abraham Lincoln. John Brown: John Brown was an abolitionist. He traveled to Virginia and led an attack on five proslavery settlers. He called for a violent slave revolt. He unsuccessfully raided Harper's Ferry. As a result of this insurrection, he was hanged. Gettysburg Address: A speech given by Abraham Lincoln at the site of the Battle of Gettysburg. Lincoln wrote every word of the Gettysburg Address. Without directly mentioning the idea of slavery, it stresses the ideals of equality. The speech was about the soldiers who died fighting. Ford Motors: Ford had a new method of production called moving assembly line. Moving assembly lines allowed car frames to be brought to workers continuously through a conveyor belt. This allowed ford to build more cars at a fast rate. Ford went from producing 34,000 cars at $700 each to 730,000 cars at $316 each. This mass production and consumption became known as Fordism. Fireside Chats: Before television, radio and newpapers were the main media source. FC were 30 evening radio talks given by Franklin D. Roosevelt. It informed the people about the nation's economy. He would also talked plans to help the people out of the Great Depression. Doing so gave people a sense of security. Hundred Days: First 3 months of of FDR's presidency. FDR laid out the foundation of the New Deal. The New Deal was a series of economic plans designed to get the people out of the GD. Signing into law dozens of bills gave massive amounts of money to people for assistance during the GD. The Hundred Days started to slow down the Depression. We still have some systems from this plan today, such as Social Security. Social Security Act: Signed by FDR from the new deal. Established a system of old-age benefits for eligible individuals. It provided relief to the elderly, disabled, and unemployed. It also created a variety of programs that served many people. A simple tax on people gave monthly pensions for retired people. Four Freedoms: The Four Freedoms were the goals of FDR. The first is freedom of speech. The second is freedom of worship, which grants the right to worship God in his or her own way. The third is freedom from want, which is the want for standard living. The fourth is freedom from fear, which means free from worry. The four freedoms were supposed to be granted to every individual. The Negro: A book of essays by 14 prominent black leaders. These leaders all advocated for the right to vote in the south, desegregation, anda chance at the American dream. Blacks were not given their four freedoms. They wanted a democracy after the war. By winning the war, they thought there were coming home to peace. Rosie the Riveter: A cultural icon of the United States. A photo of a woman dressed in overalls and bandanna. She represented all the women who worked in the factories during WW II to turn out the war material needed by the troops. Until then, women did not work in factories. Her image showed that women were just as good as men in factory work. Executive Order 9066: Issued by FDR during World War II. There was a surprise attack on Pearl Harbor by the Japanese. It forced all the Japanese in America into internment camps. They were then isolated from the rest of America's population. It was rescinded by President Ford in 1976. Duck and Cover: A method of personal protection against a nuclear detonation. The US government taught children to duck and cover wherever they could in the late 1940s into the 1980s. You would have to duck in cover after hearing an Air Raid Horn. The gov also warned the public that if there were no warning, you would see a bright flash to warn you. It basically gave people the impression that they were not doomed. Containment: Created by George Kennan. It explains to counter soviet expansion with political, economic, military power. Basically preventing the spread of communism. Four examples of containment are the Truman Doctrine, Marshall Plan, Berlin Airlift, and North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Mohammed Mossadegh: Nationalist prime minister of Iran. Was the democratically elected President of Iran until 1953 when the US and Britain overthrew him. He was overthrown because he nationalized his country's oil industry, which threatened the corporate interests of the US and Britain. Western greed for oil and profit destroyed him. Much of the current conflict in the Middle East rooted from this. McCarthyism: The widespread suspicion of Communist activity. During the Cold War, people were afraid of the spread of communism. Another term for this is the Red Scare. Joseph McCarthy was the senator who created the Red Scare. This public hysteria led to many people to lose their jobs and was blacklisted. Kitchen Debate: This happened between the Soviet and US leaders of the time. Occured during the cold war. Basically capitalism vs communism, Nixon citing that the great part about capitalism is that all the American people can buy fancy new kitchen appliances where as in communism you cant. This was significant because it help Nixon gain credibility as a presidential candidate. Redlining: Was used to keep minorities in one neighborhood and keep everyone else in different neighborhoods. Realtors would show places based on race. Banks were in the habit of charging much high interest rates in minority neighborhoods. This was significant because it led to the Civil Rights movements. The Problem: Betty Friedan wrote the line "the problem that has no name" in The Feminine Mystique. The problem is the role women have in a household. In the 1950s, women in suburban homes were usually stay-at-home moms. Women's roles in society were very controlled. Friedan describes it as a problem with no name because a majority of women at that time found it to be the social norm. Emmett Till: A 14 year old boy who was visiting family in Mississippi. He went into the store to buy some candy and was dared to talk to a white woman. He was kidnapped, brutally beaten, shot, and dumped into the Tallahatchie River. His mother held an open-casket in order for the world to see what two white men did to her son. This was a significant event that led to the rights movement. Montgomery Bus Boycott: In Montgomery, the buses were used primarily by the black community. Blacks were supost to sit in the back of the bus, or had to move to make room for white riders. The blacks decided to boycott the use of the buses. It was caused by an African American women named Rosa Parks getting arrested for refusing to give her seat to a white man. It was a significant part of the Civil Rights Movement because it helped make people aware of racism in society.
Beverly J. Silver-Forces of Labor Workers' Movements and Globalization Since 1870 (Cambridge Studies in Comparative Politics) - Cambridge University Press (2003)