Chapter

1THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Introduction

Now, in our society all over the world technology is

the most important advancement, a necessity in
bringing about progress as we move along in this
computerized world. These changes in effect make
mans life easier and more
convenient.

The relationship between the library and computer is

constantly changing that the use of computer
contributes to the way man learns and communicates.
It easy in this world to strive for changes and since
library is no different from any firm and institution,
considering the use of computer to perform a given
task will be efficient.

Librarians have the responsibility not only to know

about the ways in which libraries will be managed using
techniques of computerized, but also to be aware of the
changes that computerized can bring to the library
services in the near future.

The fast phased of technology attributed a lot to the

improvement of the library system. Technology enabled
software developers to computerize the library system.
The automated library system helped the school
greatly. Library, transactions and queries can be
created in a single click.

Background of the Study

Darmes Elementary School Computerized Library

System aimed to enhance the procedures of the library,
from manually operated to a computerized system. This
proposals purpose was to ease the transactions in the
library, i.e., lending of books ,storing of books, search
engine for books, manage members of the library and
secure the library system. The librarian and the library
users still use the manual way of transacting
of borrowing and returning of books. The librarian use
log books in listing the books. They use library cards
and card catalogues in searching for reading and
reference materials.

Objectives of the Study

General Objective

The objective of the study was to develop a

computerized library system that will store the
students records such as students basic
information, books record, list of borrowers, returned
books, borrowed books, and prescriptions of the
librarian.

Specific Objectives
To be specific, it attempted to satisfy the following
objectives:

a)To design a system that will lessen the time and effort
of the student in their transaction

b) To quickly search the book needed by the student of

the library

c) To print out reports immediately

d) To implement the system efficiency to the student

Scope and Limitations of the Study

The study was about the Computerized Library System

for the Darmes Elementary School. The implementation
of the system will reduce the time and effort of the
users in terms of adding, editing, searching, deleting
and printing of records.

The system can also help in reducing the expenses of

the library such as papers, folders, pens and other
materials needed in their current system. The students
personal information/data may be stored upon the
request of authorized librarian. The assigned librarians
are the only one who can share any of the records/data
of the students. The system is not capable of sharing its
data from other databases. The system will be
developed using the Microsoft Visual Basic 10.0

Significance of the Study

The significance of this study was to help and give a

benefit to the concerned group below.

This study will be beneficial to the following:

Elementary students
Through a computerized library system, they can easily
find the books that they are looking for without going
through the traditional way of searching a library
material. Convenience is more visible for it is not time-
consuming, resulting to a number of accomplished
works.

Librarian
The computerized library system would improve the
monitoring capacities of those who maintain the library.
It would be easier to determine whether a particular
book is on-shelf or not. In addition, they can easily
identify when will the borrowed material be returned
and if a borrower has failed to return the book on its
due date.

Furthermore, the librarian would be much guided when

it comes to recognizing new inventory books, letting
them arrange it promptly and accordingly.

Conceptual Framework

A Computerized Library System identifies the modern process of

technology, on how it works quickly for the students/librarian.

Based on the objectives of the study and aforementioned

theories and concepts derived from the review of related
literature and studies, the following conceptual model of study
was developed.
 Getting Information
And Tracking records

Manual System Computerized

Library System
IPO Chart (Input - Process Output Chart)

Input Process
Output
Definition of Terms

Computerized
To equips with or automates by computers.

Computerized Library system

. A computerized library system for a university keeps
track of all books and periodicals in the library and their
check-out status. Checkout and return are automated
through a bar code reader (an external device). The
library system also interfaces with an external relational
database which stores information about the library
users (students, faculty, and staff), including whether
they have any library items checked out. . Library
users can access the catalog and recall books
and periodicals. Library employees have the same
access as well as additional capabilities (e.g., listing the
status of an item).
Data.
Factual information or information for computer
processing, distinct pieces of information usually
formatted in a special way. All software is divided into
two general categories: data and programs
.
Programs are collections of instructions for
manipulating data. Data can exist in a variety of forms
-- as numbers or text on pieces of paper, as bits and
by test stored in electronic memory, or as facts stored
in a person's mind.
Database
A set of data that has a regular structure and that is
organized in such a way that a computer can easily find
the desired information..
LAN
(Local Area Network ). This serves a local area (typically
the area of a floor of a building, but in some cases
spanning a distance of several kilometers).
Records
Data, details, documents, file, information, or reports. In
the structure of a database, the part consisting of
several uniquely named components called data
fields. Several data records make up a data file, and
several data files make up a database.
Share.
Distributing or giving files, or a resource such as a file,
folder or printer, that has been made sharable with
other users on the network.
Data Flow Diagram for Librarian
Library
Databas
e

Enter Check
Usernam Validity
Librarian
e
And

Teacher
Log In
Page

Figure 1
When the Librarian entered the home page he/she
choose the Log in option and he/she asked to enter
username and password and if the username and
password was validate the Librarian Log in.

Data flow Diagram for Students.

STUDENT

STUDENT
DATABAS
E

STUDENT
LOGIN
PAGE
 Figure 2
When students log in in the home page student see the
list of book.

Chapter 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Related Literature

Foreign

According to Robson (2001), usability is a key

requirement for users, says Elisabeth Robson, Product
manager for Online Computer Library Center. The
catalogue has become a way to pull together disparate
resources, including commercial resources and web
links management systems also allow circulation,
including check in/check out and enable libraries to
purchase materials and track where they are.

According to Chad (2009), consulting is at a major point

of change in the wider information economy within
which library systems form part of a larger whole. He
was writing in a briefing paper about the study in library
management systems. This study examined the
systems used in higher-education libraries across the
UK and came up with some significant observations and
recommendations.

According to Charuasia (2010), connotes the term

library with use of automatic data processing machines
to perform routine library activities. It implies a high
degree of mechanization of various routine and
repetitive tasks &operations and processes are left to
be performed by human beings. The study stresses
library automation as the application of computers and
utilization of computer based products and services in
the performance of different operations and functions
or in the provision of various service sand output
products. In addition to computer advancement,
telecommunication and audio-visual technologies gives
away to new possibilities in information processing.

According to Back & Bailey (2010), explored the design

space of mash-up techniques for the faultless inclusion
of information from Web services into websites. They
considered the cases where an Online Public Access
Catalog (OPAC) is either the target of such addition or
the basis of the information being included. They
focused on client-side techniques in which each
users browser contacts Web services directly
because this approach lends itself to the creation of
HTML widgets. The widgets allow the integration and
customization of Web services without requiring
programming. They also described in detail the
functionality and use of several widget libraries and
Web services we built. Although the specific
requirements for (2010), explored the design space of
mash-up techniques for the faultless inclusion of
information from Web services into websites. They
considered the cases where an Online Public Access
Catalog (OPAC)is either the target of such addition or
the basis of the information being included. They
focused on client-side techniques in which each
users browser contacts Web services directly
because this approach lends itself to the creation of
HTML widgets. The widget sallow the integration and
customization of Web services without requiring
programming. They also described in detail the
functionality and use of several widget libraries and
Web services we built. Although the specific
requirements for 13each system differ because of their
respective nature, all systems are designed to be
deployable with minimum effort and resource
requirements. This low entry cost, combined with the
provision of a high-level, non-programming interface,
constitute two vital precondition for the broad adoption
of techniques in libraries, which in turn has the potential
to vastly increase the reach and visibility of their
electronic resources in the wider community.
Local

According to Eden (2011), views that most libraries are

forced to work with fewer staff because of the having a
more improved and modernized system for their library.
According also to the study, the library administration
need to emphasize to their staff that the organization
has a vested interest in providing them with the tools
and training they need to assist the organization in the
new information marketplace. These may include
search engines, circulation systems, and the online
public access catalog.

According to Lopez (2002), University of the Philippines

Mindanao when UP in Mindanao accepted its first batch
of students in 1996, the Main Library collection was
integrated with the core collection of the School of
Management (SOM) Library at the Stanfilco Bldg., Ladis
lawa Avenue, Buhangin, Davao City. The Filipiniana and
General References were housed together with the
College of Arts and Sciences (CAS) collection in Room 2
of the Philippine Coconut Authority. In the Second
Semester AY 1996-1997,the CAS Library moved to its
main campus in Bago Oshiro. Upon the recognition of
UP in Mindanao by the Board of Regents (BOR) as a
constituent unit (CU) of the UP System, the CAS was
split into two (2), namely: College of Humanities and
Social Sciences (CHSS) and the College of Science and
Mathematics (CSM). The Main Library transferred to the
newly renovated building where the main collection
was set-up beside the books of the CHSS and the CSM.
In July 2002, the library established the Library
Educational Media and Information Technology Office
(LEMITO). The LEMITO handles the audio-visual
services, internet and the connectivity of the library. It
currently holds office at the Elias B. Lopez Hall
Dormitory. Later, the Main Library collection which grew
from 100 titles to 6,191 volumes at the end of May
2004, and was transferred to the Administration Bldg
today, the Main Library occupies the former UP in
Mindanao Cultural Center (UPMCC) building.

According to Lou (1986), a survey on the computer

application in 223 libraries in Metro Manila. The study
revealed that they prioritize the three library functions
to be computerized as cataloging, indexing, and
circulation.
However, the plans for automation for the libraries
cannot be implemented due to financial incapability of
the libraries, and the lack of funds from the
government. Despite of this drawback, the libraries are
not turning their backs unto the automation of their
libraries.
 According to Agena (2008) made a study about the
collection usage of the students of the Jose Rizal
University in a period of three years using the
quantitative and qualitative approach. The goal of the
study is to assess the usefulness of the faculty
of students to their library and it been revealed that it is
generally important for them to go to the library for
their academic needs.

Chapter 3

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
 This chapter starts on the discussion about the project
research design methodology. The second part presents
the development of the system. The third part tells the
operation, process and testing. The last parts discuss
the evaluation procedure.

Project Development

The Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) is a

conceptual model used in project management that
describes the stages involved in an information system
development project from an initial feasibility study
through maintenance of the completed application.
Various SDLC methodologies have been developed to
guide the processes involved including the waterfall
model (the original SDLC method), rapid application
development (RAD), joint application development
(JAD), the fountain model and the spiral model. Mostly,
several models are combined into some sort of hybrid
methodology. Documentation is crucial regardless of
the type of model chosen or devised for any
application, and is usually done in parallel with the
development process. Some methods work better for
specific types of projects, but in the final analysis, the
most important factor for the success of a project may
be how closely particular plan was followed.
Project Design

Planning

In planning, the researchers conducted an interview to

the client to gather some information about on how the
librarian manage the books, borrowed books, returned
books, all record of the student. It is observed that the
librarian writes the records manually of every students
who borrowed or returned the Books. The student uses
the form given by the librarian.

Analysis

Based on the proposed Computerized Library System is

designed purely from the users' viewpoint without
considering the constraints of hardware (such as
computers).In addition, system structures required to
achieve such designs are clarified. After checking
requirement specifications included in the basic plan,
the overview of the project is represented by the use of
diagrams so that the processing and flows of data can
be easily understood.

Designing

The software design specifically targeted to librarian of

the researchers used a user-friendly design to attract
the user to use the new automated system. Here the
system was designed purely from the users' viewpoint
without considering the constraints of hardware (such
as computers). In addition, system structures required
to achieve such designs are clarified. After
checking the requirement specifications included in the
planning, the overview of the system represented by
the use of diagrams so that the processed of data can
be easily understood. Based on the representations, the
division into sub-systems and input/output designing
was performed. The entire project was divided into a
number of modules on a functional basis, and each
module was further divided into smaller units. The
designing of the code, such as the determination of a
coding system, was conducted. In addition,
relationships between the data were analyzed.

Software Development Coding. In the

development of the system, the researchers made used
of Microsoft Visual Basic 10.0 for encoding source code
of the system, in order to be accurate and fast
acquisition of data/information.

Testing

The researchers installed the new System. The

researchers encountered problems while processing it
for the first time but after several weeks the system has
been successful and introduced it to the respondents.
Operating
The researchers were responsible for conducting
an operation test. There searchers conducted a test
under the actual operation conditions, and verified that
the system satisfies the
required specifications. Because this test was intended
to have a developed system accepted by the user, it
was called an approval test or an acceptance test. The
researchers conducted an operation test by running a
program on a machine being used for actual
operations.

Maintenance

The researchers conducted maintenance in software to

correct faults, to maintain performance or other
attributes. The researchers common perception
of maintenance merely involves fixing detects. The
researchers maintenance management system
allows segment chiefs to plan maintenance work on
fixed assets, such as equipment, machinery and
property.
 Chapter 5
CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATION

This chapter discusses the summary, conclusion and

recommendation of the
software Darmes Elementary School Library
System

Conclusions

Based on the findings, the researchers come up with

the following conclusions:

1.The researchers concluded that the Darmes

Elementary School Library System is efficient to use
because the library system was computerized. The
computed average weighted mean is 4.20 and
interpreted as excellent.

2. As a whole, the proposed system and the existing

system have a tremendous distinction. The difference
from the traditional to the proposed system is truly
beneficial to the library, librarian and student.

3. The researchers concluded that the study will opt an

opportunity to improve the library service to the
students and librarian.

Recommendations

Based on the results of the findings and conclusions

gathered, the researchers would like to recommend the
following:

1.The researchers recommend that the Library consider

the proposed Library system for them to increase the
number of their student or user.

2.The researchers recommend the proposed system be

implemented by the librarian because it is more
productive and more capable of recording data in
library.3.
Future researchers should continue to improve the
proposed system.
4. Training must be conducted before the actual
operation of the developed system.