TUTORIAL 2

Design of Machine Elements

ME 351 (19/01/17)

Q1. The figure on right shows a schematic drawing of a vehicular jack

that is to be designed to support a maximum weight of 3 kN based on
the use of a design factor nd = 3.5. The opposite-handed threads on the
two ends of the screw are cut to allow the link angle to vary from
15 to 70 . The links are to be machined from AISI 1010 HR steel bars.
Each of the four links is to consist of two bars, one on each side of the
central bearings. The bars are to be 350 mm long and have a bar width
of w = 30 mm. The pinned ends are to be designed to secure an end-
condition constant of at least C=1.4 for out-of-plane buckling. Find a
suitable preferred thickness and the resulting factor of safety for this
thickness.

Sol. 1. From Table A-20, Sy=180 MPa (AISI 1010, HR).

W = 3 kN

2F 2F

750
From FBD : 4Fsin =3000 F= ; [1]
sin
In the range of operation, F is maximum when =15 :
750
Fmax 2897.77 N per bar. [1]
sin15
Pcr nd Fmax 3.50 (2897.77) = 10142.22 N. [1]
l =350 mm, w=30 mm: Try b=5 mm. Out of plane , k b 5 1.443 mm,
12 12
l 350
242.55 , limiting slenderness ratio (to be sure that this is an Euler column):
k 1.443

1
2 2 1.4200 109
1
l 2 CE
2 2 2
175.22 .
[1]
k 1 S y 180 106
C 2 E 1.4 2 (200)103
Use Euler Pcr A 5(30) 7046.06 N: Too low.
k
[5]
l
2
242.552
l 350
Try b=6 mm, k b 6 1.732 mm, 202.1 ,
12 12 k 1.732
C E2
1.4 (200)103
2
Pcr A 12178.6 N. O.K.

6(30) [5]
l
2
202.12
k
Use 25 mm x 6 mm bars. The factor of safety is n = 12178.6/2897.77 = 4.2. Ans. [1]
 Q2. The hydraulic cylinder shown on right has
a 100-mm bore (D) and is to operate at a
pressure of 8 MPa. For the shown boundary
conditions, the piston rod should be sized as a D
column for any plane of buckling. The rod is to
be made of forged AISI 1010 steel without
further heat treatment. Use a design factor nd = 3 and select a preferred size for the rod diameter if the column length
is 2 m. What is factor of safety built in your design?

Sol. 2. From Table A-20, Sy=180 MPa (AISI 1010, HR), Sy=300 MPa (AISI 1010, CD), C = 1.2 (For given BCs), p =
8 MPa, nd 3 , l = 2 m:

F pA 8 D 2 2 10 4 N, therefore Pcr nd F 6 104 N. [1]
4
1
64P l 2 4
Use d 3 cr 0.0504 m, take d = 60 mm (from Table A-17), [1]
CE
d l 2000
k 15 mm, 133.33 ,
4 k 15
Calculation of limiting slenderness ratio (to be sure that this is an Euler column):

1
2 2 1.2200 109 2
1
l 2 CE
2 2

162.23 133.33 . (AISI 1010, HR)

[5]
k 1 S y 180 106
Sy l 1
2

So Use Johnson formula: Pcr AS y d 0.05048m, so d= 60 mm from Table A-17. [5]

2 k CE
Sy l 1
2

Pcr Anew S y
new
337059.26 N. [2]
2 k CE
P new
Factor of safety: ndnew cr 5.36 . Ans. [1]
F

OR,

1
2 2 1.2200 109
1
l 2 CE
2 2 2
125.66 133.33 . (AISI 1010, CD): So d = 60 mm.
[10]
k 1 S y 300 106
d CE
4 3
Pcrnew 2
376726.26 N. [2]
64l
Pcrnew
Factor of safety: ndnew 5.99 . Ans. [1]
F