Term End Examination - November 2014

Course : MEE301 - Dynamics of Machinery Slot : B2+TB2

Class NBR : 4553 / 4554 / 4555 / 4556
Time : Three Hours Max.Marks:100

PART - A (10 X 2 = 20 Marks)

Answer ALL Questions

1. Explain the principle by which a dynamic analysis problem is converted into an

equivalent static analysis problem.
2. Differentiate between piston effort and crank effort.

3. Draw the turning moment diagram for a single cylinder double acting steam engine.

4. A grinding wheel has to be properly balanced. Why? If not what will happen?

5. Define degree of freedom. Write the number of degrees of freedom for a double
pendulum.
6. Define logarithmic decrement. Determine the logarithmic decrement, if the amplitude
of vibration in a free damped single degree of freedom system decreases successively
by 20%.
7. Prove that the critical speed of a shaft is the same as that of natural frequency of
transverse vibration.
8. What is meant by a torsionally equivalent shaft? Explain.

9. Define the terms stability and isochronism related to a governor.

10. If the rotor of a ship rotates in the clockwise direction when viewed from the stern and
the ship turns to the portside, what will be the effect of the gyroscopic couple?

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 PART B (5 X 16 = 80 Marks)
Answer any FIVE Questions
11. The variation of crankshaft torque of a four cylinder petrol engine may be represented
by taking the torque as zero at crank angle 0 and 180 and as 225 Nm at 20 and 45;
at the intermediate positions of the crank, the graph being straight lines. The cycle is
repeated in every half revolution. The average speed is 600 r.p.m. Supposing that the
engine driving a machine requires a constant torque, determine the mass of the
flywheel required if its radius of gyration is 25 cm and the total variation of speed is
limited to 1 percentage.

12. A 3 m long shaft carries three pulleys two at its two ends and third at the mid-point.
The two end pulleys have masses 50 kg and 25 kg and their center of gravity are
20 mm and 15 mm respectively from the axis of the shaft. Mass of the middle pulley is
60 kg and its center of gravity is 20 mm from the shaft axis. The pulleys are so keyed
to the shaft such that the assembly is in static balance. The shaft rotates at 340 r.p.m in
two bearings at 2 m apart with equal overhang on either side. Determine i) the relative
angular positions of the pulley ii) dynamic forces produced on the bearings.

13. Between a solid mass of 10 kg and the floor are kept two slabs of isolators, natural
rubber and felt in series. The natural rubber slab has a stiffness of 3000 N/m and an
equivalent viscous damping coefficient of 100 N-s/m. The felt has a stiffness of
12000 N/m and equivalent viscous damping coefficient of 330 N-s/m. Determine the
undamped and the damped natural frequencies of the system in vertical direction,
neglecting the mass of the isolators.

14. a) A single cylinder vertical petrol engine of total weight 2950 N is mounted upon a [8]
steel chassis frame and causes a vertical static deflection of 2 mm. The
reciprocating parts of the engine weigh 200 N and move through a vertical stroke
of 15 cm with simple harmonic motion. A damping is provided which has a
damping coefficient of 14.7 Ns/cm. Considering that steady-state vibration is
reached; determine the speed of the driving shaft at which the resonance will occur.
Also determine the amplitude of forced vibration when the engine rotates at
480 r.p.m.

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 b) An air compressor of mass 450 kg. operates at a constant speed of 1750 r.p.m. [8]
Rotating parts are well balanced. The reciprocating part is 10 kg and crank radius is
100 mm. The mounting introduces a viscous damping of damping ratio 0.15.
Specify the spring for the mounting such that only 20% of the unbalanced force is
transmitted to the foundation. Find out the amplitude of the transmitted force.
15. The following data refer to a system in which an engine drives a centrifugal pump
through gears (Figure 1).

Length of the shaft from engine flywheel to gear = 1 m.

Diameter of the shaft from engine flywheel to gear = 80 mm.
Length of the shaft from pinion to impeller = 400 mm.
Diameter of the shaft from pinion to impeller = 60 mm.
Ratio of engine speed to pump speed = 0.333
Moment of inertia of the engine flywheel = 100 kgm2.
Moment of inertia of the gear wheel = 11 kgm2.
Moment of inertia of pinion = 1 kgm2.
Moment of inertia of the pump impeller = 25 kgm2.
Modulus of rigidity of the shaft material = 80 GN/m2.
Find i) The fundamental and two node frequencies of free torsional oscillations.
ii) Position of the nodes in the actual system. iii) Amplitudes of vibration.

E
A
Gear Wheel

80 mm
B

Pinion
60 mm
F

1m 0.4 m

Figure 1

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16. a) In a Porter governor, each of the four arms is 400 mm long. The upper arms are [8]
pivoted on the axis of the sleeve whereas the lower arms are attached to the sleeve
at a distance of 45 mm from the axis of rotation. Each ball has a mass of 8 kg and
the load on the sleeve is 60 kg. What will be the equilibrium speeds for the two
extreme radii of 250 mm and 300 mm rotation of the governor balls?
b) The turbine rotor of a ship has a mass of 2200 kg and rotates at a speed of [8]
1800 r.p.m clockwise when viewed from the aft. The rotor has a radius of gyration
of 0.32 m. Determine the gyroscopic couple and its effect when i) the ship steers to
the right in a curve of 250 m radius at a speed of 23 km/h. ii) the ship pitches with
an angular velocity of 0.8 rad/s and iii) ship rolls at an angular velocity of 0.1 rad/s.

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