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    Mountain range From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia For financial options, see Mountain range (options). This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (July 2008) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) The Himalayas, the highest mountain range on Earth, seen from space A mountain range (also mountain barrier, belt, or system) is a geographic area containing numerous geologically related mountains. A mountain system or system of mountain ranges, sometimes is used to combine several geological features that are geographically (regionally) related. On Earth, most significant mountain ranges are the result of plate tectonics, though mountain ranges are formed by a range of processes, are found on many planetary mass objects in the Solar System and are likely a feature of most terrestrial planets. Mountain ranges are usually segmented by highlands or mountain passes and valleys. Individual mountains within the same mountain range do not necessarily have the same geologic structure or petrology. They may be a mix of different orogenic expressions and terranes, for example thrust sheets, uplifted blocks, fold mountains, and volcanic landforms resulting in a variety of rock types. Contents [hide] 1 Major ranges 2 Divisions and categories 3 Climate 4 Erosion 5 Extraterrestrial "Montes" 6 See also 7 References 8 External links Major ranges[edit] An 1865 lithograph showing the High Tatras mountain range in Slovakia and Poland by Karel Kořistka appearing in a book by August Heinrich Petermann. Most geologically young mountain ranges on the Earth's land surface are associated with either the Pacific Ring of Fire or the Alpide Belt. The Pacific Ring of Fire includes the Andes of South America, extends through the North American Cordillera along the Pacific Coast, the Aleutian Range, on through Kamchatka, Japan, Taiwan, the Philippines, Papua New Guinea, to New Zealand.[1] The Andes is 7,000 kilometres (4,350 mi) long and is often considered the world's longest mountain system.[2] The Alpide belt includes Indonesia and southeast Asia, through the Himalaya, and ends in the Alps, Spain and Atlas Mountains.[3] The belt also includes other European and Asian mountain ranges. The Himalayas contain the highest mountains in the world, including Mount Everest, which is 8,848 metres (29,029 ft) high and traverses the border between China and Nepal.[4] The Ocean Ridge, the world's longest mountain range (chain) Mountain ranges outside of these two systems include the Arctic Cordillera, the Urals, the Appalachians, the Scandinavian Mountains, the Altai Mountains and the Hijaz Mountains. If the definition of a mountain range is stretched to include underwater mountains, then the Ocean Ridges form the longest continuous mountain system on Earth, with a length of 65,000 kilometres (40,400 mi).[5] Divisions and categories[edit] The mountain systems of the earth are characterized by a tree structure, where mountain ranges can contain sub-ranges. The sub-range relationship is often expressed as a parent-child relationship. For example, the White Mountains of New Hampshire and the Blue Ridge Mountains are sub-ranges of the Appalachian Mountains. Equivalently, the Appalachians are the parent of the White Mountains and Blue Ridge Mountains, and the White Mountains and the Blue Ridge Mountains are children of the Appalachians. The parent-child expression extends to the sub-ranges themselves: the Sandwich Range and the Presidential Range are children of the White Mountains, while the Presidential Range is parent to the Northern Presidential Range and Southern Presidential Range. Climate[edit] The Andes, the world's longest mountain range on the surface of a continent, seen from the air The position of mountains influences climate, such as rain or snow. When air

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    Mountain range From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia For financial options, see Mountain range (options). This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (July 2008) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) The Himalayas, the highest mountain range on Earth, seen from space A mountain range (also mountain barrier, belt, or system) is a geographic area containing numerous geologically related mountains. A mountain system or system of mountain ranges, sometimes is used to combine several geological features that are geographically (regionally) related. On Earth, most significant mountain ranges are the result of plate tectonics, though mountain ranges are formed by a range of processes, are found on many planetary mass objects in the Solar System and are likely a feature of most terrestrial planets. Mountain ranges are usually segmented by highlands or mountain passes and valleys. Individual mountains within the same mountain range do not necessarily have the same geologic structure or petrology. They may be a mix of different orogenic expressions and terranes, for example thrust sheets, uplifted blocks, fold mountains, and volcanic landforms resulting in a variety of rock types. Contents [hide] 1 Major ranges 2 Divisions and categories 3 Climate 4 Erosion 5 Extraterrestrial "Montes" 6 See also 7 References 8 External links Major ranges[edit] An 1865 lithograph showing the High Tatras mountain range in Slovakia and Poland by Karel Kořistka appearing in a book by August Heinrich Petermann. Most geologically young mountain ranges on the Earth's land surface are associated with either the Pacific Ring of Fire or the Alpide Belt. The Pacific Ring of Fire includes the Andes of South America, extends through the North American Cordillera along the Pacific Coast, the Aleutian Range, on through Kamchatka, Japan, Taiwan, the Philippines, Papua New Guinea, to New Zealand.[1] The Andes is 7,000 kilometres (4,350 mi) long and is often considered the world's longest mountain system.[2] The Alpide belt includes Indonesia and southeast Asia, through the Himalaya, and ends in the Alps, Spain and Atlas Mountains.[3] The belt also includes other European and Asian mountain ranges. The Himalayas contain the highest mountains in the world, including Mount Everest, which is 8,848 metres (29,029 ft) high and traverses the border between China and Nepal.[4] The Ocean Ridge, the world's longest mountain range (chain) Mountain ranges outside of these two systems include the Arctic Cordillera, the Urals, the Appalachians, the Scandinavian Mountains, the Altai Mountains and the Hijaz Mountains. If the definition of a mountain range is stretched to include underwater mountains, then the Ocean Ridges form the longest continuous mountain system on Earth, with a length of 65,000 kilometres (40,400 mi).[5] Divisions and categories[edit] The mountain systems of the earth are characterized by a tree structure, where mountain ranges can contain sub-ranges. The sub-range relationship is often expressed as a parent-child relationship. For example, the White Mountains of New Hampshire and the Blue Ridge Mountains are sub-ranges of the Appalachian Mountains. Equivalently, the Appalachians are the parent of the White Mountains and Blue Ridge Mountains, and the White Mountains and the Blue Ridge Mountains are children of the Appalachians. The parent-child expression extends to the sub-ranges themselves: the Sandwich Range and the Presidential Range are children of the White Mountains, while the Presidential Range is parent to the Northern Presidential Range and Southern Presidential Range. Climate[edit] The Andes, the world's longest mountain range on the surface of a continent, seen from the air The position of mountains influences climate, such as rain or snow. When air

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    Mountain Range: Navigation Search

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    Mountain range From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia For financial options, see Mountain range (options). This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (July 2008) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) The Himalayas, the highest mountain range on Earth, seen from space A mountain range (also mountain barrier, belt, or system) is a geographic area containing numerous geologically related mountains. A mountain system or system of mountain ranges, sometimes is used to combine several geological features that are geographically (regionally) related. On Earth, most significant mountain ranges are the result of plate tectonics, though mountain ranges are formed by a range of processes, are found on many planetary mass objects in the Solar System and are likely a feature of most terrestrial planets. Mountain ranges are usually segmented by highlands or mountain passes and valleys. Individual mountains within the same mountain range do not necessarily have the same geologic structure or petrology. They may be a mix of different orogenic expressions and terranes, for example thrust sheets, uplifted blocks, fold mountains, and volcanic landforms resulting in a variety of rock types. Contents [hide] 1 Major ranges 2 Divisions and categories 3 Climate 4 Erosion 5 Extraterrestrial "Montes" 6 See also 7 References 8 External links Major ranges[edit] An 1865 lithograph showing the High Tatras mountain range in Slovakia and Poland by Karel Kořistka appearing in a book by August Heinrich Petermann. Most geologically young mountain ranges on the Earth's land surface are associated with either the Pacific Ring of Fire or the Alpide Belt. The Pacific Ring of Fire includes the Andes of South America, extends through the North American Cordillera along the Pacific Coast, the Aleutian Range, on through Kamchatka, Japan, Taiwan, the Philippines, Papua New Guinea, to New Zealand.[1] The Andes is 7,000 kilometres (4,350 mi) long and is often considered the world's longest mountain system.[2] The Alpide belt includes Indonesia and southeast Asia, through the Himalaya, and ends in the Alps, Spain and Atlas Mountains.[3] The belt also includes other European and Asian mountain ranges. The Himalayas contain the highest mountains in the world, including Mount Everest, which is 8,848 metres (29,029 ft) high and traverses the border between China and Nepal.[4] The Ocean Ridge, the world's longest mountain range (chain) Mountain ranges outside of these two systems include the Arctic Cordillera, the Urals, the Appalachians, the Scandinavian Mountains, the Altai Mountains and the Hijaz Mountains. If the definition of a mountain range is stretched to include underwater mountains, then the Ocean Ridges form the longest continuous mountain system on Earth, with a length of 65,000 kilometres (40,400 mi).[5] Divisions and categories[edit] The mountain systems of the earth are characterized by a tree structure, where mountain ranges can contain sub-ranges. The sub-range relationship is often expressed as a parent-child relationship. For example, the White Mountains of New Hampshire and the Blue Ridge Mountains are sub-ranges of the Appalachian Mountains. Equivalently, the Appalachians are the parent of the White Mountains and Blue Ridge Mountains, and the White Mountains and the Blue Ridge Mountains are children of the Appalachians. The parent-child expression extends to the sub-ranges themselves: the Sandwich Range and the Presidential Range are children of the White Mountains, while the Presidential Range is parent to the Northern Presidential Range and Southern Presidential Range. Climate[edit] The Andes, the world's longest mountain range on the surface of a continent, seen from the air The position of mountains influences climate, such as rain or snow. When air

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    Mountain range
    From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

    Jump to: navigation, search


    For financial options, see Mountain range (options).

    This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve
    this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be
    challenged and removed. (July 2008) (Learn how and when to remove this template
    message)

    The Himalayas, the highest mountain range on Earth, seen from space
    A mountain range (also mountain barrier, belt, or system) is a geographic
    area containing numerous geologically related mountains. A mountain system
    or system of mountain ranges, sometimes is used to combine several
    geological features that are geographically (regionally) related. On Earth,
    most significant mountain ranges are the result of plate tectonics, though
    mountain ranges are formed by a range of processes, are found on many
    planetary mass objects in the Solar System and are likely a feature of most
    terrestrial planets.
    Mountain ranges are usually segmented by highlands or mountain passes
    and valleys. Individual mountains within the same mountain range do not
    necessarily have the same geologic structure or petrology. They may be a
    mix of different orogenic expressions and terranes, for example thrust sheets,
    uplifted blocks, fold mountains, and volcanic landforms resulting in a variety
    of rock types.

    Contents [hide]
    1
    Major ranges
    2
    Divisions and categories
    3
    Climate
    4
    Erosion
    5
    Extraterrestrial "Montes"
    6
    See also
    7
    References
    8
    External links
    Major ranges[edit]

    An 1865 lithograph showing the High Tatras mountain range in Slovakia and Poland by
    Karel Koistka appearing in a book by August Heinrich Petermann.
    Most geologically young mountain ranges on the Earth's land surface are
    associated with either the Pacific Ring of Fire or the Alpide Belt. The Pacific
    Ring of Fire includes the Andes of South America, extends through the North
    American Cordillera along the Pacific Coast, the Aleutian Range, on through
    Kamchatka, Japan, Taiwan, the Philippines, Papua New Guinea, to New
    Zealand.[1] The Andes is 7,000 kilometres (4,350mi) long and is often
    considered the world's longest mountain system.[2]
    The Alpide belt includes Indonesia and southeast Asia, through the Himalaya,
    and ends in the Alps, Spain and Atlas Mountains.[3] The belt also includes
    other European and Asian mountain ranges. The Himalayas contain the
    highest mountains in the world, including Mount Everest, which is 8,848
    metres (29,029ft) high and traverses the border between China and Nepal.[4]
    The Ocean Ridge, the world's longest mountain range (chain)
    Mountain ranges outside of these two systems include the Arctic Cordillera,
    the Urals, the Appalachians, the Scandinavian Mountains, the Altai Mountains
    and the Hijaz Mountains. If the definition of a mountain range is stretched to
    include underwater mountains, then the Ocean Ridges form the longest
    continuous mountain system on Earth, with a length of 65,000 kilometres
    (40,400mi).[5]
    Divisions and categories[edit]
    The mountain systems of the earth are characterized by a tree structure,
    where mountain ranges can contain sub-ranges. The sub-range relationship
    is often expressed as a parent-child relationship. For example, the White
    Mountains of New Hampshire and the Blue Ridge Mountains are sub-ranges
    of the Appalachian Mountains. Equivalently, the Appalachians are the parent
    of the White Mountains and Blue Ridge Mountains, and the White Mountains
    and the Blue Ridge Mountains are children of the Appalachians.
    The parent-child expression extends to the sub-ranges themselves: the
    Sandwich Range and the Presidential Range are children of the White
    Mountains, while the Presidential Range is parent to the Northern Presidential
    Range and Southern Presidential Range.
    Climate[edit]
    The Andes, the world's longest mountain range on the surface of a continent, seen from
    the air
    The position of mountains influences climate, such as rain or snow. When air
    masses move up and over mountains, the air cools producing orographic
    precipitation (rain or snow). As the air descends on the leeward side, it warms
    again (in accordance with the adiabatic lapse rate) and is drier, having been
    stripped of much of its moisture. Often, a rain shadow will affect the leeward
    side of a range.
    Erosion[edit]
    Mountain ranges are constantly subjected to erosional forces which work to
    tear them down. Erosion is at work while the mountains are being uplifted and
    long after until the mountains are reduced to low hills and plains. Rivers are
    traditionally believed to be the principle erosive factor on mountain ranges,
    with their ability of bedrock incision and sediment transport. Computer
    simulation has shown that particle abrasion in the water and local landslide
    can account for the change from high to low erosion rates as mountain belts
    change from tectonic active to inactive.[6] The rugged topography of a
    mountain range is the product of erosion. The basins adjacent to an eroding
    mountain range are filled with sediments which are buried and turned into
    sedimentary rock.
    The early Cenozoic uplift of the Rocky Mountains of Colorado provides an
    example. As the uplift was occurring some 10,000 feet (3,000m) of mostly
    Mesozoic sedimentary strata were removed by erosion over the core of the
    mountain range and spread as sand and clays across the Great Plains to the
    east.[7] This mass of rock was removed as the range was actively undergoing
    uplift. The removal of such a mass from the core of the range most likely
    caused further uplift as the region adjusted isostatically in response to the
    removed weight.
    Extraterrestrial "Montes"[edit]
    Hillary and Norgay Montes on Pluto (14 July 2015)

    Montes Apenninus on The Moon was formed by an impact event.


    Further information: List of tallest mountains in the Solar System
    Mountains on other planets and natural satellites of the Solar System are
    often isolated and formed mainly by processes such as impacts, though there
    are examples of mountain ranges (or "Montes") somewhat similar to those on
    Earth. Saturn's moon Titan[8] and Pluto,[9] in particular exhibit large mountain
    ranges in chains composed mainly of ices rather than rock. Examples include
    the Mithrim Montes and Doom Mons on Titan, and Norgay Montes and Hillary
    Montes on Pluto. Some terrestrial planets other than Earth also exhibit rocky
    mountain ranges, such as Maxwell Montes on Venus taller than any on
    Earth[10] and Tartarus Montes on Mars,[11] Jupiter's moon Io has mountain
    ranges formed from tectonic processes including Bosaule Montes, Dorian
    Montes, Hi'iaka Montes and Euboea Montes.[12]
    See also[edit]

    Environment portal

    Earth sciences portal


    List of mountain ranges
    List of mountains
    List of mountain types
    Massif
    Plate tectonics
    Mountain formation
    Drainage divide
    Mountain chain
    Ridge: an elongated mountain or hill, or chain of them
    References[edit]
    1 Jump up
    ^ Rosenberg, Matt. "Pacific Ring of Fire". About.com.
    2 Jump up
    ^ Thorpe, Edgar (2012). The Pearson General Knowledge Manual. Pearson
    Education India. p.A-36.
    3 Jump up
    ^ Chester, Roy (2008). Furnace of Creation, Cradle of Destruction. AMACOM
    Div American Mgmt Assn. p.77.
    4 Jump up
    ^ "Nepal and China agree on Mount Everest's height". BBC. 8 April 2010.
    5 Jump up
    ^ "The mid-ocean ridge is the longest mountain range on Earth". US National
    Oceanic and Atmospheric Service. 11 Jan 2013.
    6 Jump up
    ^ Egholm, David L.; Knudsen, Mads F.; Sandiford, Mike. "Lifespan of
    mountain ranges scaled by feedbacks between landsliding and erosion by
    rivers". Nature. 498 (7455): 475478. doi:10.1038/nature12218.
    7 Jump up
    ^ USGS: A Guide to the Geology of Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado
    8 Jump up
    ^ Mitri, Giuseppe; Bland, Michael T.; Showman, Adam P.; Radebaugh, Jani;
    Stiles, Bryan; Lopes, Rosaly M. C.; Lunine, Jonathan I.; Pappalardo, Robert
    T. (2010). "Mountains on Titan: Modeling and observations". Journal of
    Geophysical Research. 115 (E10). doi:10.1029/2010JE003592.
    ISSN0148-0227.
    9 Jump up
    ^ Gipson, Lillian (24 July 2015). "New Horizons Discovers Flowing Ices on
    Pluto". NASA. Retrieved 25 July 2015.
    10 Jump up
    ^ Keep, Myra; Hansen, Vicki L. (1994). "Structural history of Maxwell Montes,
    Venus: Implications for Venusian mountain belt formation". Journal of
    Geophysical Research. 99 (E12): 26015. doi:10.1029/94JE02636.
    ISSN0148-0227.
    11 Jump up
    ^ Plescia, J.B. (2003). "Cerberus Fossae, Elysium, Mars: a source for lava
    and water". Icarus. 164 (1): 7995. doi:10.1016/S0019-1035(03)00139-8.
    ISSN0019-1035.
    12 Jump up
    ^ Jaeger, W. L. (2003). "Orogenic tectonism on Io". Journal of Geophysical
    Research. 108 (E8): 1211218. doi:10.1029/2002JE001946.
    ISSN0148-0227.
    External links[edit]

    Wikimedia Commons has media related to Mountain ranges.

    Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Mountain ranges.


    Peakbagger Ranges Home Page
    Bivouac.com
    [hide]
    vte
    Earth's landforms

    List of landforms

    Mountainous
    Table Butte Flat Hill Mountain Mountain range Plateau Ridge Valley

    Continental plain
    Ice sheet Plain Steppe Tundra

    Fluvial
    Alluvial fan Beach Canyon Cave Channel Cliff Floodplain Lake Levee Meander
    Oasis Pond Rapids River River delta River mouth River valley Strait Swamp
    Waterfall

    Glacial
    Arte Cirque Esker Fjord Glacier Tunnel valley

    Oceanic and
    coastal landforms
    Atoll Bay Cape Channel Coast Continental shelf Coral reef Estuary High island
    Island Isthmus Lagoon Mid-ocean ridge Oceanic trench Peninsula Seamount

    Volcanic
    Caldera Crater lake Geyser High island Mid-ocean ridge Lava dome
    Lava field Lava plateau Submarine volcano Guyot Volcanic crater Volcanic plug
    Volcano Wall rock

    Aeolian
    Desert Dry lake Dune Sandhill Tundra

    Artificial
    Artificial island Artificial reef Bridge Building Canal (man-made) Dam Ditch Land
    reclamation Levee Polder Quarry Reservoir Road Tunnel
    See also: Geographical feature
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    Categories: MountainsMountain ranges

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