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n\paperw12240\paperh15840\pard\sb0\sl-240{\bkmkstart Pg1}{\bkmkend Pg1}\par\pard
\ql \li3309\sb0\sl-218\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li3309\sb0\sl-218\slmult0 \par\pard\
ql\li3309\sb0\sl-218\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li3309\sb0\sl-218\slmult0 \par\pard\ql
\li3309\sb0\sl-218\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li3309\sb0\sl-218\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\l
i3309\sb0\sl-218\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li3309\sb0\sl-218\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li3
309\sb0\sl-218\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li3309\sb0\sl-218\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li330
9\sb80\sl-218\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs19
Rolul utiliz\ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs19 rii re
gulilor incoterms n contractele comerciale interna\ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs19 \u3
55?\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs19 ionale \par\pard\ql \li6931\sb0\sl-207\slmult0 \p
ar\pard\ql\li6931\sb25\sl-207\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 Lect. univ.
dr. Lumini\ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs19 a Vochi\
ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs19 a\ul0\super\cf4\f5\
fs18 * \par\pard\ql \li3292\sb0\sl-218\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li3292\sb6\sl-218\sl
mult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs19 The role held by
the INCOTERMS` regulations n the international trading \par\pard\ql \li5918\sb3
\sl-218\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 contracts \par\pard\qj \li2651\ri2
483\sb204\sl-216\slmult0\fi676 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf5\
f6\fs19 The complexity of international business in respect to closing and imple
menting \line \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex100 external trading contracts implies ve
ry deep knowledge of international negotiations, of \line \up0 \expndtw0\charsca
lex100 trading`s law and international regulations, expeditions, insurances, cus
tom procedures \line \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex100 andof many other details trade
. The trading`s delay represents one of the most important \line \up0 \expndtw0\
charscalex100 clauses of external contracts because it regulates the transfer of
goods and risks from the \line \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 exporter to the im
porter, including legal and economical general consequences. \par\pard\qj \li265
1\ri2488\sb7\sl-213\slmult0\fi676 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex103 This paper anal
yses the role and importance of INCOTERMS` rules for \up0 \expndtw0\char
scalex102 international trading contracts, in respect to their contents.
It emphasises on the \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex100 importance of appropriate
use of these delays for the economic efficiency of an external \up0 \expndtw-3\c
harscalex100 trade operation, both for the exporter and the importer. \par\pard\
qj \li2651\ri2450\sb2\sl-220\slmult0\fi676 \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex96 \ul0\nos
upersub\cf2\f3\fs19 Cuvinte cheie: \ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs19 incoterms, obl
iga\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs19 iile vnz\ul0\no
supersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs19 torului, obliga\ul0\nosu
persub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs19 iile cump\ul0\nosupersub\c
f6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs19 r\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?
\ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs19 torului, \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex87 consecin\ul0\n
osupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs19 e legale, eficien\ul0\n
osupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs19 economic\ul0\nosu
persub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259? \par\pard\qj \li2651\ri2503\sb17\sl-200\slmult0\fi676
\up0 \expndtw0\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs19 Key words: \ul0\nosup
ersub\cf5\f6\fs19 incoterms, trader\u8217?s obligationspurchaser\u8217?s o
bligations, legal \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 consequences, economic efficien
cy \par\pard\qj \li2651\sb0\sl-215\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li2651\ri2449\sb13\sl-21
5\slmult0\fi676 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs19 1. In
troducere. \ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 Complexitatea problemelor legate de
orientarea \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i dir
ijarea \line \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 p\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\u
l0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 r\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7
\f8\fs19 ilor implicate n negocierea \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosup
ersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i ncheierea unui contract comercial extern de vnzare-\line \up
0 \expndtw-5\charscalex100 cump\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub
\cf7\f8\fs19 rare de m\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\f
s19 rfuri presupune cuno\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8
\fs19 tin\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 e temeini
ce n domeniul tehnicii negocierilor, a \line \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex94 legisla
\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 iei \ul0\nosupersu
b\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i uzan\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs1
9 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 elor de comer\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u3
55?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 exterior, a decont\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u
259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 rilor interna\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\
ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ionale, a expedi\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?
\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 iei \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersu
b\cf7\f8\fs19 i \line \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 asigur\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7
\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 rilor interna\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19
\u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ionale vamale, al efectu\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f
7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 rii calculelor de rentabilitate \ul0\no
supersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i multe altele. n \line \u
p0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 acest context, alegerea \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19
\u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i includerea n contractele comerciale acelor ma
i favorabile clauze, \line \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 la un moment dat, att pe
ntru vnz\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 tor, ct \ul0
\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i pentru cump\ul0\nosu
persub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 r\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs1
9 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 tor, prezint\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u25
9?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 o importan\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\u259
? \line \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 deosebit\ul0\n
osupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 , rela\ul0\nosupersub\c
f6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 iile dintre ace\ul0\nosupersub\cf
6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 tia fiind guvernate de totalitat
ea clauzelor stipulate n \line \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex104 contractul ncheiat,
unele dintre acestea fiind convenite n mod special, iar altele alese \line \up0
\expndtw-7\charscalex96 dintre cele folosite n practica curent\ul0\nosupersub\cf6
\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 , integrat\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19
\u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 , a comer\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\u
l0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ului interna\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nos
upersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ional\ul0\super\cf8\f9\fs18 1\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 . \
par\pard\qj \li2651\ri2449\sb5\sl-216\slmult0\fi676 \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex10
0 Condi\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ia de liv
rare reprezint\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 u
na din clauzele esen\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\
fs19 iale ce se convin ntre \line \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 partenerii
unui contract interna\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8
\fs19 ional, prin aceasta reglementndu-se n fapt transferul \line \up0 \expn
dtw-7\charscalex100 m\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs
19 rfurilor \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i al r
iscurilor de la vnz\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19
tor la cump\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 r\ul0\n
osupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 tor, inclusiv consecin\u
l0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ele juridice \ul0\no
supersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i \line \up0 \expndtw-5\c
harscalex100 economice generale. A\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosuper
sub\cf7\f8\fs19 a cum se \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f
8\fs19 tie, momentul transferului propriet\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\u35
5?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ii m\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosuper
sub\cf7\f8\fs19 rfii poate fi \line \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 diferit de mom
entul transferului riscurilor, acest moment reflectndu-se ntr-o gam\ul0\nosupersub
\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 variat\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs1
9 \u259? \line \up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 de moda
lit\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i de livr
are, materializate prin diverse uzan\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosup
ersub\cf7\f8\fs19 e, care au devenit ulterior izvor de \line \up0 \expndtw-7\cha
rscalex100 drept comercial, facilitnd negocierea \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u35
1?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i ncheierea contractelor comerciale ntre p\ul0\nosup
ersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 r\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19
\u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i. \par\pard\qj \li2651\ri2449\sb5\sl-215\slm
ult0\fi676 \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 Deoarece transpunerea n practic\ul0\n
osupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 a fiec\ul0\nosupersub
\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 rei men\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs
19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 iuni, din cadrul diverselor \up0 \expndt
w-6\charscalex100 modalit\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\u355?\ul0\nosupersub
\cf7\f8\fs19 i de livrare, reprezint\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\no
supersub\cf7\f8\fs19 costuri care nu pot fi neglijate, nscrierea acestor
a n \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex96 contract necesit\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u2
59?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 preciz\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nos
upersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ri, fiind deosebit de important s\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19
\u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 se stabileasc\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u2
59?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 cine \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosu
persub\cf7\f8\fs19 i ce pl\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\
f8\fs19 te\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 te \up0
\expndtw0\charscalex100 orice omisiune sau neprecizare din acest punct de vedere
putnd sau chiar anula avantajele \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex93 scontate de vnz\ul0
\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 tor sau cump\ul0\nosup
ersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 r\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19
\u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 tor la ncheierea tranzac\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7
\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 iei. \par\pard\qj \li2651\ri2449\sb1\sl-
220\slmult0\fi667 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 n practica de comer\ul0\nosupe
rsub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 exterior s-au statornicit
anumite obiceiuri cu caracter \line \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 normativ
cu privire la ncheierea contractelor. Uzan\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\
nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ele ntregesc contractul dintre p\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs1
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persub\cf7\f8\fs19 i \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs
19 i \par\pard\ql \li2651\sb0\sl-195\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li2651\sb0\sl-195\slmu
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uper\cf9\f10\fs17\ul0\super\cf9\f10\fs16 *\ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs17 Univers
itatea din Craiova, Facultatea de Economie \ul0\nosupersub\cf11\f12\fs17 \u351?\
ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs17 i Administrarea Afacerilor \par\pard\ql \li2651\sb6
\sl-195\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 \ul0\super\cf9\f10\fs16 1\ul0\nosu
persub\cf10\f11\fs17 Reguli \ul0\nosupersub\cf11\f12\fs17 \u351?\ul0\nosupers
ub\cf10\f11\fs17 i uzan\ul0\nosupersub\cf11\f12\fs17 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf10\
f11\fs17 e comerciale Incoterms 2000\ul0\nosupersub\cf12\f13\fs17 ,\ul0\nosupers
ub\cf10\f11\fs17 edi\ul0\nosupersub\cf11\f12\fs17 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f1
1\fs17 ia a II-a, Editura Percomex, 2001 \par\pard\ql \li5949\sb218\sl-253\slmul
t0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs23 172
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slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li2651\sb80\sl-218\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex95 \ul
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rsub\cf7\f8\fs19 tate deosebit\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub
\cf7\f8\fs19 pentru c\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\
fs19 u\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ureaz\ul0\n
osupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 tratativele dintre p\
ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 r\ul0\nosupersub\cf
6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ile contractante \ul0\nosupersub\cf6
\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i \par\pard\ql \li2651\sb3\sl-218\slm
ult0\tx5980 \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 accelereaz\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19
\u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ncheierea contractelor.\ul0\super\cf8\f9\fs18
2 \tab \up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 Pentru ca per
soanele interesate s\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\f
s19 cunoasc\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259? \par\pard\qj \li2651\ri2449\sb4\
sl-216\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex95 \ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 uzan\ul0
\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ele practicante pe o p
ia\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 , camerele
de comer\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 , asocia\
ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 iile profesionale,
bursele \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i alte \li
ne \up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex100 institu\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\n
osupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ii public\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub
\cf7\f8\fs19 culegeri de uzan\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\
cf7\f8\fs19 e. Dintre uzan\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\
f8\fs19 ele generale, cele mai importante pentru \line \up0 \expndtw-7\charscale
x93 comer\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ul exteri
or sunt cele care se refer\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\
f8\fs19 la condi\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i
ile de livrare \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i l
a pl\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ile inte
rna\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ionale.\ul0\sup
er\cf8\f9\fs18 3 \line \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19
Scopul \u8222?Regulilor INCOTERMS\u8221? este acela de a pune la dispo
zi\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ie un set de
reguli \line \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 interna\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \
u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ionale pentru interpretarea celor mai frec
vent folosite condi\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs
19 ii comerciale n \line \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 comer\ul0\nosupersub\cf6
\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ul exterior. Astfel, ambiguitatea int
erpret\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 rilor diferi
te ale acestor condi\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs1
9 ii, n diferite \line \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex97 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \
u355?\u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ri, poate fi evitat\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7
\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 sau cel pu\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \
u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 in redus\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\
nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ntr-o m\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\
cf7\f8\fs19 sur\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 co
nsiderabil\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 . n mod f
recvent, \line \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 p\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?
\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 r\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\c
f7\f8\fs19 ile contractante nu cunosc diferitele practici comerciale n vigoare n \
ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 rile partener
ilor. \line \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 Aceasta poate da na\ul0\nosupersub\cf6
\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 tere la nen\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19
\u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 elegeri, controverse \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\f
s19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i litigii, cu toate pierderile de timp \ul
0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i \line \up0 \expndtw
-4\charscalex100 bani pe care acestea le genereaz\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u2
59?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 . Era deci necesar\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u2
59?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 o codificare \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351
?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i uniformizare a acestor \line \up0 \expndtw-7\char
scalex100 condi\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ii
comerciale, activitate ce s-a aflat n sarcina Camerei Interna\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\
f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ional\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259
?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 de Comer\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nos
upersub\cf7\f8\fs19 de la \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex100 Paris. \par\pard\
qj \li2651\ri2449\sb204\sl-217\slmult0\fi676 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex100 \ul0\n
osupersub\cf2\f3\fs19 2. Scurt istoric al regulilor INCOTERMS. \ul0\nosuper
sub\cf7\f8\fs19 Pentru a pune la dispozi\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\
ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ia \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 comercian\ul0\nosupe
rsub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ilor un set de reguli interna
\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ionale pentru inte
rpretarea condi\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 iil
or comerciale cel \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 mai frecvent folosite n comer\ul0
\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ul interna\ul0\nosuper
sub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ional \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\f
s19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i pentru a contribui astfel la simplificar
ea \up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex100 opera\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nos
upersub\cf7\f8\fs19 iunilor de negociere a vnz\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\
ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 rii m\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersu
b\cf7\f8\fs19 rfurilor \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\
fs19 i de ncheiere a contractului comercial, \up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex100 nc\ul
0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 din 1928 au fost ela
borate de c\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 tre Cam
era Interna\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ional\u
l0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 de Comer\ul0\nosupe
rsub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 de la Paris un \up0 \expndtw
-6\charscalex100 num\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs1
9 r de \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ase condi\u
l0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ii de livrare sau te
rmeni comerciali, destina\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f
8\fs19 i s\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 pun\ul0
\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 bazele unor \up0 \exp
ndtw-4\charscalex100 reguli de interpretare a principiilor din domeniul vnz\ul0\n
osupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 rii interna\ul0\nosupers
ub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ionale, mai ales n ceea ce \up0
\expndtw-5\charscalex100 acestea aveau un caracter mai nesigur \ul0\nosupersub\c
f6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i contradictoriu.\ul0\super\cf8\f9\
fs18 4 \par\pard\ql \li3328\sb3\sl-218\slmult0\tx4691 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex
96 \ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 Ideea principal\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259
? \tab \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 - aceea a in
terpret\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 rii n mod
uniform de c\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 tre
parteneri a \par\pard\qj \li2651\ri2449\sb7\sl-213\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-7\ch
arscalex94 obliga\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i
ilor ce decurg din contractul de vnzare interna\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?
\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ional\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupers
ub\cf7\f8\fs19 - a fost mbr\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\u355?\ul0\nosupers
ub\cf7\f8\fs19 i\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 at
\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 favorabil \up0 \e
xpndtw-5\charscalex100 de marea majoritate a comercian\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs1
9 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ilor, ceea ce a stimulat ini\ul0\nosupersu
b\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 iativa Camerei Interna\ul0\nosup
ersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ionale \up0 \expndtw-7\chars
calex97 de Comer\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 d
e la Paris, exper\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i
i acesteia reu\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ind
s\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 sistematizeze \u
l0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i s\ul0\nosupersub\c
f6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 interpreteze uniform \up0 \expndtw
-8\charscalex94 principalele uzan\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupers
ub\cf7\f8\fs19 e practicate n comer\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosuper
sub\cf7\f8\fs19 ul interna\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\
f8\fs19 ional. \par\pard\ql \li3328\sb3\sl-218\slmult0\tx7149 \up0 \expndtw0\cha
rscalex100 Rezultatul muncii acestora s-a materializat n \tab \up0 \expndtw-
5\charscalex100 1936 prin publicarea de c\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\
ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 tre \par\pard\ql \li2651\sb3\sl-218\slmult0\tx6971\tx
8999 \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 Camera Interna\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \
u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ional\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nos
upersub\cf7\f8\fs19 de Comer\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupers
ub\cf7\f8\fs19 de la Paris \tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 (CIC-Paris)
\ul0\super\cf8\f9\fs18 5\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 a primelor \tab \up0 \expn
dtw-3\charscalex100 \u8222?Reguli \par\pard\qj \li2651\ri2449\sb0\sl-216\slmult0
\up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 INCOTERMS\u8221?\ul0\super\cf8\f9\fs18 6\ul0\nosu
persub\cf7\f8\fs19 cuprinznd 11 termeni comerciali interna\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7
\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ionali, cunoscu\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs
19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\no
supersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i sub numele \line \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 de \u8222?
clauze de livrare\u8221?. Studiile necesare eliber\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u
259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 rii acestor prime \u8222?Reguli INCOTERMS\u8221?
au \line \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 fost conduse de \u8222?Comisia de lucru
pentru practici comerciale\u8221? din cadrul CIC-Paris, care \ul0\nosupersub\cf6
\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i \line \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex98 n
continuare, pe m\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 s
ura dezvolt\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 rii c
omer\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ului mondial,
a modific\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 rilor ce
au intervenit de \line \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 realizare a transportului
interna\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ional \ul
0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i a moderniz\ul0\n
osupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 rilor ce au caracteri
zat procesul \line \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 evolutiv al vie\ul0\nosupersub
\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ii economice interna\ul0\nosupers
ub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ionale, a revizuit, completat \
ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i sistematizat n mai
multe \line \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 rnduri \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u3
51?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i anume n 1953, 1967, 1976, 1980, 1990 \ul0\nosupe
rsub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i ultima edi\ul0\nosupersub\c
f6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ie \u8222?INCOTERMS-2000\u8221?, \l
ine \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 reprezint\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul
0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 rezultatul muncii unui \u8222?grup de lucru\u8221? (di
n cadrul comisiei) constituit dintr-un \line \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 num\u
l0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 r de 40 de membri, p
rintre care pentru prima oar\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf
7\f8\fs19 au participat \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f
8\fs19 i reprezentan\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs1
9 i din \line \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex95 SUA \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351
?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i Japonia (\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\u259?
\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ri care \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupe
rsub\cf7\f8\fs19 i au propriile uzan\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosup
ersub\cf7\f8\fs19 e comerciale), ceea ce a contribuit esen\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7
\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ial la \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex9
5 cre\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 terea gradulu
i de universalitate a \u8222?Regulilor INCOTERMS\u8221?. \par\pard\ql \li2651\sb
0\sl-192\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li2651\sb0\sl-192\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li2651\ri24
65\sb164\sl-192\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 \ul0\super\cf9\f10\fs17\ul
0\super\cf9\f10\fs16 2\ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs17 Ciobanu, George, \ul0\nosup
ersub\cf12\f13\fs17 Contractarea n comer\ul0\nosupersub\cf11\f12\fs17 \u355?\ul0\
nosupersub\cf12\f13\fs17 ul interna\ul0\nosupersub\cf11\f12\fs17 \u355?\ul0\nosu
persub\cf12\f13\fs17 ional, \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs17 Editura Universitaria,
Craiova, 2008 \line \up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex100 \ul0\super\cf9\f10\fs16 3\ul0
\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs17 Costin, Mircea, Deleanu Sergiu, \ul0\nosupersub\cf12\
f13\fs17 Dreptul Comer\ul0\nosupersub\cf11\f12\fs17 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf12\f
13\fs17 ului Interna\ul0\nosupersub\cf11\f12\fs17 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf12\f13
\fs17 ional\ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs17 , Lumina Lex, Bucure\ul0\nosupersub\cf1
1\f12\fs17 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs17 ti, 1997 \up0 \expndtw-5\charscal
ex100 \ul0\super\cf9\f10\fs16 4\ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs17 *** Reguli \ul0\no
supersub\cf11\f12\fs17 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs17 i uzan\ul0\nosupersub
\cf11\f12\fs17 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs17 e comerciale, INCOTERMS 2000,
Editura Percomex, Bucure\ul0\nosupersub\cf11\f12\fs17 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf1
0\f11\fs17 ti, 2001 \line \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex95 \ul0\super\cf9\f10\fs16 5
\ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs17 Organiza\ul0\nosupersub\cf11\f12\fs17 \u355?\ul
0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs17 ie neguvernamental\ul0\nosupersub\cf11\f12\fs17 \u259
?\ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs17 , nfiin\ul0\nosupersub\cf11\f12\fs17 \u355?\ul0\no
supersub\cf10\f11\fs17 at\ul0\nosupersub\cf11\f12\fs17 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf1
0\f11\fs17 n 1919, care \ul0\nosupersub\cf11\f12\fs17 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf10\
f11\fs17 i desf\ul0\nosupersub\cf11\f12\fs17 \u259?\u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f1
1\fs17 oar\ul0\nosupersub\cf11\f12\fs17 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs17 act
ivitatea prin Comitetele \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex91 Na\ul0\nosupersub\cf11\f12
\fs17 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs17 ionale (n 66 de \ul0\nosupersub\cf11\f1
2\fs17 \u355?\u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs17 ri), Comisiile de lucru \ul0\no
supersub\cf11\f12\fs17 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs17 i Birourile de leg\ul
0\nosupersub\cf11\f12\fs17 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs17 tur\ul0\nosupersu
b\cf11\f12\fs17 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs17 (pe lng\ul0\nosupersub\cf11\
f12\fs17 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs17 ONU \ul0\nosupersub\cf11\f12\fs17
\u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs17 i alte organiza\ul0\nosupersub\cf11\f12\fs17
\u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs17 ii \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex91 interna\ul0
\nosupersub\cf11\f12\fs17 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs17 ionale din New-Yor
k \ul0\nosupersub\cf11\f12\fs17 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs17 i Hong-Kong)
. \par\pard\ql \li2651\sb6\sl-195\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\sup
er\cf9\f10\fs16 6\ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs17 INternational COmmercial TERMS.
\par\pard\ql \li5949\sb218\sl-253\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nos
upersub\cf1\f2\fs23 173
{\shp {\*\shpinst\shpleft2652\shptop11791\shpright5359\shpbottom11811\shpfhdr0\s
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}}\par\pard\sect\sectd\fs24\paperw12240\paperh15840\pard\sb0\sl-240{\bkmkstart P
g3}{\bkmkend Pg3}\par\pard\qj \li2651\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li2651\sb0
\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li2651\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li2651\sb0\s
l-220\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li2651\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li2651\sb0\sl-
220\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li2651\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li2651\sb0\sl-22
0\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li2651\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li2651\sb0\sl-220\
slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li2651\ri2449\sb59\sl-220\slmult0\fi676 \up0 \expndtw-1\cha
rscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 n anul 1990, s-a procedat la o revizuire d
e ansamblu a \u8222?Regulilor INCOTERMS\u8221?, \line \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex
100 care se diferen\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19
iaz\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 de versiunea
din anul 1980 prin num\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\f
s19 rul de termeni comerciali, care a \line \up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex100 fost
redus. Noua revizuire din \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex97 2000 p\ul0\nosupersub
\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 streaz\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19
\u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 termenii, stabilind noi condi\ul0\nosupe
rsub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ii privind \par\pard\qj \li2
651\ri2449\sb9\sl-210\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 ncheierea conven\ul0\
nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 iilor bilaterale referi
toare la modific\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ri
le de transmitere electronic\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf
7\f8\fs19 la \line \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex94 distan\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs
19 \u355?\u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 a informa\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19
\u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 iilor comerciale. n noiembrie 1997, Camera Int
erna\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ional\ul0\nosu
persub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 de Comer\ul0\nosupersub\cf
6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 de \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex
92 la Paris a hot\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs1
9 rt c\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259? \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex94 \ul0\nosup
ersub\cf7\f8\fs19 \u8222?Regulile INCOTERMS-1990\u8221? nu mai reflectau n mod
adecvat \par\pard\qj \li2651\ri2450\sb6\sl-215\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex
100 practicile comerciale \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\
f8\fs19 i se impunea o revizuire a acestora. n acest sens, prima ntrunire a \up0 \
expndtw-7\charscalex97 grupului de speciali\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul
0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ti desemna\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupe
rsub\cf7\f8\fs19 i s\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs1
9 se ocupe de aceast\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs
19 revizuire a fost convenit\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\c
f7\f8\fs19 n martie \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex100 1998. Aceast\ul0\nosupersub\cf6
\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ntrunirea durat patru zile, iar n cadr
ul ei a fost creat un num\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f
8\fs19 r imens de \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 recomand\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\f
s19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ri pe care alt grup de speciali\ul0\nosupe
rsub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ti le-a redus la un num\ul0\n
osupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 r de propuneri pe durata
a \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex100 dou\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosup
ersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ntruniri ce au avut loc n vara aceluia\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs
19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i an.\ul0\super\cf8\f9\fs18 7 \par\pard\qj
\li2651\ri2449\sb1\sl-220\slmult0\fi676 \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 \ul0\nosup
ersub\cf7\f8\fs19 Copii ale acestor propuneri au fost trimise spre a fi analizat
e de c\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 tre grupul i
ni\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ial \line \up0 \
expndtw0\charscalex100 de speciali\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosuper
sub\cf7\f8\fs19 ti n octombrie 1998. Rezultatele acestei analize au fost trimise
Comitetelor \line \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 Na\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \
u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ionale ale Camerei Interna\ul0\nosupersub\cf
6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ionale de Comer\ul0\nosupersub\cf6
\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 n ianuarie \up0 \expndtw-1\charscal
ex100 1999 pentru comentarii \par\pard\qj \li2651\ri2449\sb5\sl-215\slmult0 \u
p0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 adi\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub
\cf7\f8\fs19 ionale. Propunerile finale au fost analizate de c\ul0\nosupersub\cf
6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 tre Comisia Camerei Interna\ul0\nosu
persub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ionale de \line \up0 \expnd
tw-7\charscalex97 Comer\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\
fs19 ns\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 rcinat\ul0\
nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 cu practicile comercia
le interna\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ionale n
iunie 1999. A urmat o selec\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7
\f8\fs19 ie \line \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 a acestora \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f
7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i aprobarea rezultatelor. Noile \u8222?
Reguli INCOTERMS- 2000\u8221? au fost validate de \line \up0 \expndtw-7\charscal
ex100 Comitetul Executiv al Camerei Interna\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul
0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ionale de Comer\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\n
osupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 - Paris \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub
\cf7\f8\fs19 i prezentate n \u8222?publica\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\
nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ia \line \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 560\u8221? a CIC-P
aris din 1 ianuarie 2000. Dup\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\c
f7\f8\fs19 cum s-a relatat anterior, procesul de revizuire a \line \up0 \expndt
w-7\charscalex98 durat aproape doi ani \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\no
supersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i s-a bazat pe cuno\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\n
osupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 tin\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f
8\fs19 ele \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i exper
ien\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 a a sute de pro
fesioni\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ti din \lin
e \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 domeniul comer\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?
\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ului din toate col\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?
\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 urile lumii. Cu toate acestea, au existat mai multe
puncte \line \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 de vedere asupra c\ul0\nosupersub\cf6
\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 rora nu a fost posibil un acord, iar
alte cteva care au primit cu greutate \line \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 votul m
ajoritar. \par\pard\qj \li2651\ri2449\sb10\sl-210\slmult0\fi676 \up0 \expndtw-7\
charscalex98 Noua edi\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs
19 ie a \u8222?Regulilor INCOTERMS-2000\u8221? reprezint\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\f
s19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 n esen\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\u
259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ntre pozi\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\
nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 iile \line \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 (practicile) rep
rezentan\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ilor celor
dou\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 curente princ
ipale care se manifest\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\f
s19 n comer\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ul \lin
e \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 interna\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\no
supersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ional: curentul nou \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 \u8222?
reformator\u8221?, care urm\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\c
f7\f8\fs19 re\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 te i
ntegrarea \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 (uniformizarea) \par\pard\qj \li2651\ri2
449\sb6\sl-216\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 practicilor comerciale mond
iale n scopul realiz\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19
 rii unei deschideri largi care s\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupers
ub\cf7\f8\fs19 permit\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259? \line \up0 \expndtw-1\c
harscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 participarea a schimburile interna\ul0\
nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ionale, n condi\ul0\nosu
persub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ii avantajoase, a tuturor s
tatelor de pe \line \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 glob \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs
19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i curentul \u8222?conservator\u8221? sus\ul
0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 inut n mod special de
unele \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ri put
ernic dezvoltate, cum \line \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 sunt SUA \ul0\nosupers
ub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i Japonia, care ncearc\ul0\nosup
ersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 s\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs1
9 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 men\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\n
osupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 in\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8
\fs19 n continuare unele practici avantajoaselor, \line \up0 \expndtw-4\charscal
ex100 practici ce decurg din pozi\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupers
ub\cf7\f8\fs19 ia de suprema\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf
7\f8\fs19 ie economic\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs
19 pe care au c\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 tig
at-o n decursul \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex91 timpului. De\ul0\nosupersub\c
f6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i, fa\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \
u355?\u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 de \up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex100 \u8222
?Regulile INCOTERMS-1990\u8221?, noile tehnologii \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19
\u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i practici \par\pard\qj \li2651\ri2449\sb5\
sl-216\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 comerciale nu s-ai modificat semnif
icativ, totu\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i,exis
ten\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 a unor lacune \
ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i imprecizii ap\ul0
\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 rute \line \up0 \expnd
tw-5\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19
i receptate de speciali\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8
\fs19 ti n ultima perioad\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8
\fs19 \u8222?au determinat elaborarea acestei noi edi\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs1
9 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ii a \line \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 reg
ulilor respective, cu un con\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersu
b\cf7\f8\fs19 inut mai concis, care s\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\
nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 faciliteze reu\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\n
osupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ita opera\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersu
b\cf7\f8\fs19 iunilor \line \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex97 comerciale interna\ul0\
nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ionale conferind mai mu
lt\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 siguran\ul0\nos
upersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 exportatorilor \ul0
\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i importatorilor din \
line \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 toate statele lumii. Inten\ul0\nosupersub\
cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ia principal\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f
7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 n interven\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19
\u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 iile operate n cadrul noilor reguli \line
\up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex100 \u8222?INCOTERMS-2000\u8221?, a urm\ul0\nosupersu
b\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 rit s\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19
\u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 clarifice unele aspecte de la bun nceput, adi
c\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 din faza \line \
up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 negocierii \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\n
osupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i ncheierii contractului de vnzare interna\ul0\nosupersub\cf
6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ional\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u2
59?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 , contractul fiind cel care de \line \up0 \expndt
w-6\charscalex100 fapt declan\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\
cf7\f8\fs19 eaz\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 m
odul de desf\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs1
9 urare a tuturor opera\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\
f8\fs19 iunilor ulterioare cum sunt: \line \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 amba
larea, individualizarea, transportul, asigurarea, v\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs
19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 muirea, circuitul documentelor, \line \up
0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 plata, ncasarea etc. n acest fel, noile reguli \u8222?I
NCOTERMS-2000\u8221? reu\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8
\fs19 esc s\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 dep\ul
0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 easc\ul0\nosupe
rsub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259? \line \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf7\
f8\fs19 toate frontierele, constituindu-se ntr-un limbaj comun al oamenilor de af
aceri, indiferent de \line \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex96 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\f
s19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ar\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\n
osupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 (pia\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\u259?\ul0\nosupers
ub\cf7\f8\fs19 ) pe care sunt folosite. Avnd implica\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \
u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ii directe asupra anumitor cutume care aduc \li
ne \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 o not\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosu
persub\cf7\f8\fs19 discordant\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\
cf7\f8\fs19 n rela\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19
iile comerciale dintre Europa \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 - Orient, Europa \ul0
\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i Continentul \par\par
d\ql \li2651\sb3\sl-218\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex100 American, Continen
tul American \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i Con
tinentul African etc. \par\pard\ql \li2651\sb0\sl-195\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li265
1\sb0\sl-195\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li2651\sb0\sl-195\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li2651\
sb37\sl-195\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex97 \ul0\super\cf9\f10\fs17\ul0\sup
er\cf9\f10\fs16 7\ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs17 Popa, Ioan, \ul0\nosupersub\cf12
\f13\fs17 Tranzac\ul0\nosupersub\cf11\f12\fs17 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf12\f13\fs
17 ii de comer\ul0\nosupersub\cf11\f12\fs17 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf12\f13\fs17
exterior\ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs17 , Editura Economic\ul0\nosupersub\cf11\f1
2\fs17 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs17 , Bucure\ul0\nosupersub\cf11\f12\fs17
\u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs17 ti, 2002 \par\pard\ql \li5949\sb218\sl-253\
slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs23 174
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g4}{\bkmkend Pg4}\par\pard\qj \li2651\sb0\sl-215\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li2651\sb0
\sl-215\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li2651\sb0\sl-215\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li2651\sb0\s
l-215\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li2651\sb0\sl-215\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li2651\sb0\sl-
215\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li2651\sb0\sl-215\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li2651\sb0\sl-21
5\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li2651\sb0\sl-215\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li2651\sb0\sl-215\
slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li2651\ri2450\sb113\sl-215\slmult0\fi676 \up0 \expndtw-3\ch
arscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs19 3. Con\ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs19 \u355?
\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs19 inutul regulilor INCOTERMS. \ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\f
s19 Odat\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 cu \u8222
?Regulile INCOTERMS-2000\u8221? \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 a fost convenit\
ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 o grupare ierar
hizat\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 a condi\ul
0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 iilor de livrare,
mai logic\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 , la c
are \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 succesiunea acestora este determinat\ul0\nosup
ersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 de cre\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f
7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 terea obliga\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19
\u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 iilor vnz\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul
0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 torului\ul0\super\cf8\f9\fs18 8\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\f
s19 . Noua grupare \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 cuprinde patru familii (grupe)
de condi\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ii \ul0\no
supersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i anume: grupa E, grupa F
, grupa C, grupa D, \up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex100 aceast\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\f
s19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 clasificare avnd n vedere n special utilitat
ea lor. \par\pard\qj \li2651\ri2449\sb1\sl-220\slmult0\fi667 \up0 \expndtw-2\cha
rscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs19 Grupa E\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 . Lite
ra E provine de la termenul \u8222?Ex\u8221?. Grupa prevede obliga\ul0\nosupersu
b\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ii minime \up0 \expndtw-3\charsc
alex100 pentru vnz\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 t
or, n sensul c\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 aces
ta are doar obliga\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19
ia producerii \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i pu
nerii m\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 rfurilor \u
p0 \expndtw-7\charscalex94 contractate la dispozi\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u3
55?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ia cump\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nos
upersub\cf7\f8\fs19 r\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs
19 torului. Aceast\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19
grup\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 cuprinde doa
r o singur\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 condi\u
l0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ie de \up0 \expndtw-
8\charscalex94 livrare: EXW(Ex-Works). \par\pard\qj \li2651\ri2449\sb4\sl-216\sl
mult0\fi667 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs19 Grupa F\ul
0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 . Litera F provine de la cuvntul \u8222?Free\u8221? (n li
mba englez\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ) sau \u
8222?Franco\u8221? \line \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 (n limba francez\ul0\nosup
ersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ). Grupa prevede (n general)
c\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 vnz\ul0\nosupersu
b\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 torul nu-\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\
fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i asum\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\
ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 nici riscul, nici \line \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex10
0 costurile pentru transportul principal, ns\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul
0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 este obligat s\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\n
osupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 predea (ncredin\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosu
persub\cf7\f8\fs19 eze) m\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f
8\fs19 rfurile \line \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex94 unui c\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\f
s19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 r\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\no
supersub\cf7\f8\fs19 u\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\f
s19 (transportator) desemnat de cump\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosu
persub\cf7\f8\fs19 r\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs1
9 tor. Aceast\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 grup
\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 cuprinde trei con
di\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ii: \line \up0 \
expndtw0\charscalex102 FCA (Free Carrier), FAS (Free Alongside Ship) \ul0\nosup
ersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i FOB (Free on Board), care
este una \line \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 dintre cele mai utilizate condi\ul0
\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ii de livrare n contrac
tele comerciale interna\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\
fs19 ionale. \par\pard\qj \li2651\ri2449\sb0\sl-220\slmult0\fi667 \up0 \expndtw0
\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs19 Grupa C\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 .
Litera C provine de la cuvintele \u8222?cost or carriage\u8221? (n limba englez\u
l0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ) \up0 \expndtw-6\ch
arscalex100 sau \u8222?cout ou port\u8221? (n limba francez\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7
\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ). \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex97 Grupa p
revede, n general c\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs
19 vnz\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 torul \ul0\
nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i \par\pard\qj \li2651\
ri2449\sb0\sl-213\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 asum\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\
f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 numai tarifele (costurile pentru tran
sportul principal, f\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs1
9 r\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 a-\ul0\nosuper
sub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i asuma ns\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f
7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 riscurile \line \up0 \expndtw-2\charsc
alex100 inclusiv daunele (pierderile) produse m\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259
?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 rfurilor \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nos
upersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i nici costurile suplimentare generate de \line \up0 \expndt
w-7\charscalex98 evenimentele produse ulterior, dup\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \
u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 nc\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupe
rsub\cf7\f8\fs19 rcarea \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8
\fs19 i expedi\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ia m
\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 rfurilor. Grupa in
clude patru \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex98 condi\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19
\u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ii de livrare CFR \up0 \expndtw-8\charscale
x98 (Cost and Freight), CIF \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex98 (Cost, Insurance a
nd Freight), CPT \par\pard\ql \li2651\sb0\sl-206\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-5\chars
calex100 (Carriage Paid to) \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf
7\f8\fs19 i CIP (Cost and Insurance Paid to). \par\pard\qj \li2651\ri2449\sb3\sl
-220\slmult0\fi667 \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex96 Condi\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19
\u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 iile C oblig\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259
?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 vnz\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersu
b\cf7\f8\fs19 torul s\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs
19 contracteze transportul conform uzan\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\n
osupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 elor \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7
\f8\fs19 i pe \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 propria cheltuial\ul0\nosupers
ub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 . Prin urmare, dup\ul0\nosup
ersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 respectiva condi\ul0\nosu
persub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ie \up0 \expndtw-8\charscal
ex96 \u8222?C\u8221? trebuie neap\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupe
rsub\cf7\f8\fs19 rat indicat \par\pard\qj \li2651\ri2449\sb6\sl-213\slmult0 \up
0 \expndtw-7\charscalex96 punctul pn\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupe
rsub\cf7\f8\fs19 la care vnz\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf
7\f8\fs19 torul trebuie s\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f
8\fs19 pl\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 teasc\ul
0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 costurile de transpo
rt. n condi\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 iile CIF
\line \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex95 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosup
ersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i CIP, vnz\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7
\f8\fs19 torul are obliga\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f
8\fs19 ia s\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ob\ul0
\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 in\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\
f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 , pe propria cheltuial\ul0\nosupersub\
cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 , asigurarea nc\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\
f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 rc\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\u
l0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 turii. \line \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex97 Deoarece pun
ctul pentru mp\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 r\ul0
\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 irea costurilor este s
tabilit n \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ara de de
stina\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ie, condi\ul0
\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 iile C \line \up0 \exp
ndtw-3\charscalex100 sunt deseori gre\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosu
persub\cf7\f8\fs19 it considerate a fi contracte de sosire n care vnz\ul0\nosupers
ub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 torul \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs1
9 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i asum\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0
\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 toate \line \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 riscurile \ul
0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i costurile pn\ul0\nos
upersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 cnd marfa ajunge efectiv
n punctul convenit. Trebuie totu\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersu
b\cf7\f8\fs19 i \line \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex96 men\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs1
9 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ionat c\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul
0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 aceste condi\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nos
upersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ii sunt asem\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersu
b\cf7\f8\fs19 n\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 toa
re cu condi\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 iile F
prin faptul c\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 vnz\u
l0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 torul \line \up0 \ex
pndtw-8\charscalex92 realizeaz\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\
cf7\f8\fs19 contractul n \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f
8\fs19 ara de desc\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19
rcare sau expedi\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ie
.\ul0\super\cf8\f9\fs18 9 \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 \ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs
19 Astfel, contractele de vnzare \par\pard\qj \li2651\ri2449\sb5\sl-216\slmult0 \
up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex97 \u8211? cump\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\
nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 rare guvernate de condi\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u3
55?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 iile C, ca \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\
ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i cele guvernate de condi\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\f
s19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 iile F, intr\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19
\u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 n \line \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex100 categori
a contractelor de expediere. Prin natura lor, contractele de expediere
oblig\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259? \line \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 \ul
0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 vnz\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7
\f8\fs19 torul s\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 p
l\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 teasc\ul0\nosuper
sub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 costurile normale pentru tran
sportul m\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 rfurilor
la locul convenit pe \line \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex98 o rut\ul0\nosupersub\cf6
\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 obi\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351
?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 nuit\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupers
ub\cf7\f8\fs19 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i n
tr-un mod obi\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 nuit,
n timp ce cump\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 r
\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 torul suport\ul0\n
osupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 riscurile de \line \up0
\expndtw-2\charscalex100 pierdere sau deteriorare a m\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7
\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 rfurilor, precum \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7
\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i costurile suplimentare rezultate
din \line \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 evenimentele care survin dup\ul0\nosuper
sub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ce marfa a fost livrat\ul0\no
supersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 n vederea transportului.
Prin urmare, \line \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 condi\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs1
9 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 iile C se deosebesc de toate celelalte condi
\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ii prin aceea c\ul
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19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 puncte \line \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex98
\u8222?critice\u8221? : unul indicnd punctul pn\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\
ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 la care vnz\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nos
upersub\cf7\f8\fs19 torul este obligat s\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\n
osupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ncheie \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\c
f7\f8\fs19 i s\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 sup
orte \line \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex102 costurile unui contract de transport \ul
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19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 tor la \line \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100
condi\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 iile C, care
acut\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 s\ul0\nosuper
sub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 extind\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\
fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 r\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\
nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 spunderea vnz\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupe
rsub\cf7\f8\fs19 torului dincolo de punctul \u8222?critic\u8221? \line \up0 \ex
pndtw-7\charscalex100 men\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f
8\fs19 ionat pentru alocarea riscului.\ul0\super\cf8\f9\fs18 10 \par\pard\qj \li
2651\ri2449\sb1\sl-220\slmult0\fi667 \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex97 \ul0\nosupersu
b\cf7\f8\fs19 Intr\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19
n natura condi\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i
ilor C ca vnz\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 tor
ul s\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 fie scutit
de orice risc \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19
i cost \line \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex97 suplimentar, dup\ul0\nosupersub\cf6
\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ce acesta \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\f
s19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i-a ndeplinit cum se cuvine contractu
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1\sb0\sl-195\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li2651\sb71\sl-195\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-6\cha
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1\fs17 i uzan\ul0\nosupersub\cf11\f12\fs17 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs17 e
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\fs17 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf12\f13\fs17 exterior\ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs17
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\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i predarea m\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\n
osupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 rfii c\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf
7\f8\fs19 r\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 u\ul0\n
osupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ului, precum \ul0\nosupe
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nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 rii n condi\ul0\nosupers
ub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 iile \line \up0 \expndtw-5\char
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CIP. Esen\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 a condi
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documentare ca modalitate de plat\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259? \line \up0
\expndtw-7\charscalex95 \ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 preferat\ul0\nosupersub\cf6
\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 n astfel de condi\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\
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rsub\cf7\f8\fs19 r\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19
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b\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 vnz\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \
u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 torul va fi pl\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259
?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 tit, prin prezentarea la banc\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7
\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 a documentelor de transport convenite,
\line \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex103 prin acreditiv documentar, ar fi contrar scop
ului principal al acreditivului documentar ca \line \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex10
0 vnz\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 torul s\ul0\no
supersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 suporte riscuri \ul0\nos
upersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i costuri suplimentare dup
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persub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 cut plata prin acreditive \
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9 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 rii \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\n
osupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i expedierii m\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosup
ersub\cf7\f8\fs19 rfurilor. \par\pard\qj \li2651\ri2449\sb7\sl-213\slmult0\fi667
\up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex100 Vnz\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupers
ub\cf7\f8\fs19 torul va fi desigur obligat s\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\u
l0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 suporte contractul de transport, indiferent dac\ul0\n
osupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259? \line \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub
\cf7\f8\fs19 navlul a fost pl\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\c
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persub\cf7\f8\fs19 rii sau expedierii \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 cad aut
omat n sarcina cump\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19
r\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 torului. \up0 \ex
pndtw-8\charscalex100 Dac\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f
8\fs19 vnz\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 torul tr
ebuie s\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 asigure un
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nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i a altor cheltuieli, aceste costuri vor \line \up0 \ex
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fs19 dea binen\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 eles n
sarcina vnz\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 torului
, n m\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 sura n care ace
stea i revin prin contract. \line \up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex100 Dac\ul0\nosupersu
b\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 se obi\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs
19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 nuie\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\
nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 te procurarea mai multor contracte de transport care incl
ud transbordarea \line \up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex100 m\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs1
9 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 rfurilor n locuri intermediare pentru a ajung
e la destina\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ia cuv
enit\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 , vnz\ul0\nosup
ersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 torului i va \line \up0 \expn
dtw-1\charscalex100 reveni plata tuturor acestor costuri, inclusiv orice cost ge
nerat de transbordarea m\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8
\fs19 rfurilor \line \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex96 de pe un mijloc de transp
ort pe altul. Dac\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs1
9 ns\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 c\ul0\nosup
ersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 r\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19
\u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 u\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosup
ersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ul \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\f
s19 i-a exercitat drepturile n \line \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex102 conformitate
cu o clauz\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 de tra
nsbordare - sau de alt natur\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf
7\f8\fs19 - pentru a evita neajunsuri \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex89 nea\ul
0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 teptate \up0 \expndtw
-7\charscalex100 (ghea\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf
7\f8\fs19 , aglomer\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs1
9 ri, perturbarea muncii, ordine ale guvernului, r\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\f
s19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 zboi sau \line \up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex
100 opera\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 iuni de t
ip r\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 zboi), atunci
orice cost suplimentar care rezult\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosuper
sub\cf7\f8\fs19 din aceasta va c\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupers
ub\cf7\f8\fs19 dea n \line \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 sarcina cump\ul0\nosupe
rsub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 r\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19
\u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 torului, deoarece obliga\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\
f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ia vnz\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u25
9?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 torului se limiteaz\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \
u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 la procurarea \line \up0 \expndtw-7\charscal
ex100 obi\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 nuitului
contract de transport. \par\pard\qj \li2651\ri2449\sb5\sl-216\slmult0\fi667 \up0
\expndtw-7\charscalex100 Este ceva comun ca p\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?
\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 r\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\c
f7\f8\fs19 ile n contractul de vnzare - cump\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0
\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 rare s\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\
cf7\f8\fs19 doreasc\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs1
9 s\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259? \line \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 \ul0\
nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 stabileasc\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupers
ub\cf7\f8\fs19 cu claritate m\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\
cf7\f8\fs19 sura n care vnz\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f
8\fs19 torul trebuie s\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\f
s19 procure un contract de transport \line \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 care s
\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 includ\ul0\nosupe
rsub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 costurile de desc\ul0\nosupe
rsub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 rcare. Cum astfel de costuri
sunt de obicei acoperite din \line \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 navlu atunci m\
ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 rfurile sunt transp
ortate pe linii de naviga\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f
8\fs19 ie regulate, contractul de vnzare-\line \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 cump
\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 rare va stipula de
obicei c\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 marfa va
fi transportat\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 \u
8222?n condi\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ii de t
ransport pe nav\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259? \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscal
ex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 de linie\u8221?. \par\pard\qj \li2651\ri2449\s
b5\sl-215\slmult0\fi667 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 n alte cazuri se adaug\ul0\
nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 termenul \u8222?debarc
at\u8221?, dup\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 con
di\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 iile CFR sau CIF
. Cu \line \up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex100 toate acestea se recomand\ul0\nosupersu
b\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 utilizarea unor abrevieri ad\ul
0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ugate la condi\ul0\no
supersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 iile \u8222?C\u8221? dect
dac\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 , \line \up0 \e
xpndtw-6\charscalex100 n comer\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\c
f7\f8\fs19 ul respectiv, semnifica\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosuper
sub\cf7\f8\fs19 ia abrevierilor este foarte bine cunoscut\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\
fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\n
osupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i acceptat\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersu
b\cf7\f8\fs19 de \line \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex95 c\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs1
9 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 tre p\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\
nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 r\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8
\fs19 ile contractante sau prin orice lege sau uzan\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \
u355?\u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 comercial\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u2
59?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 n vigoare. n particular, \line \up0 \expndtw-7\cha
rscalex92 vnz\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 torul
nu ar trebui \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i nic
i nu poate, f\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 r\ul0
\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 a schimba natura ns\ul
0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i a condi\ul0\n
osupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 iilor \u8222?C\u8221? s\
ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 -\ul0\nosupersub\cf
6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i \line \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex10
0 asume vreo obliga\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19
ie cu privire la sosirea m\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7
\f8\fs19 rfii la destina\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8
\fs19 ie, deoarece riscul oric\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\
cf7\f8\fs19 ror \line \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 ntrzieri ap\ul0\nosupersub\cf
6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 rute n timpul transportului este
suportat de cump\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19
r\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 tor.\ul0\super\c
f8\f9\fs18 11\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 Astfel orice \line \up0 \expndtw0\ch
arscalex100 obliga\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19
ie referitoare la timp trebuie neap\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupe
rsub\cf7\f8\fs19 rat s\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\f
s19 se refere la locul de nc\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf
7\f8\fs19 rcare sau de \line \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 expedi\ul0\nosupersub
\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ie, de exemplu, CFR Hamburg nu
mai trziu de\u8230?, reprezint\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\c
f7\f8\fs19 o utilizare incorect\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersu
b\cf7\f8\fs19 a \line \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 termenului \ul0\nosupersub\
cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i este deci deschis mai multor pos
ibile interpret\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ri.
\par\pard\qj \li2651\ri2449\sb5\sl-215\slmult0\fi667 \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex
95 Se poate considera a\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\
fs19 adar c\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 p\ul0\
nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 r\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7
\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ile au convenit fie ca marfa s\ul0\nosup
ersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 soseasc\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\
f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 efectiv la \line \up0 \expndtw-2\char
scalex100 Hamburg la data specificat\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosup
ersub\cf7\f8\fs19 , caz n care contractul nu este unul de expediere, ci un contra
ct \line \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 de sosire, fie ca vnz\ul0\nosupersub\c
f6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 torul s\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19
 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 trimit\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul
0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 marfa astfel nct s\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?
\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ajung\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupe
rsub\cf7\f8\fs19 n mod normal la \line \up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex100 Hamburg nai
nte de data specificat\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\f
s19 , dac\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 nu apar
evenimente neprev\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 z
ute care s\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ntrzie \l
ine \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 transportul. \par\pard\qj \li2651\ri2449\sb1\s
l-220\slmult0\fi667 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs19 Gr
upa D\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 . Litera D provine de la cuvntul \u8222?Delivere
d\u8221? (n englez\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 )
, n francez\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259? \line \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100
\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 cuvntul sinonim fiind \u8222?rendu\u8221?. Grupa pr
evede n general obliga\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs
19 ia vnz\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 torului de
a-\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i \par\pard\ql
\li2651\sb0\sl-195\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li2651\sb0\sl-195\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\l
i2651\sb0\sl-195\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li2651\sb36\sl-195\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-4
\charscalex100 \ul0\super\cf9\f10\fs17\ul0\super\cf9\f10\fs16 11\ul0\nosupersub\
cf10\f11\fs17 Ciobanu, George, \ul0\nosupersub\cf12\f13\fs17 Contractarea n come
r\ul0\nosupersub\cf11\f12\fs17 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf12\f13\fs17 ul interna\ul
0\nosupersub\cf11\f12\fs17 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf12\f13\fs17 ional\ul0\nosuper
sub\cf13\f14\fs17 , \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs17 Editura Universitaria, Craiova
, 2008 \par\pard\ql \li5949\sb218\sl-253\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \
ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs23 176
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g6}{\bkmkend Pg6}\par\pard\qj \li2651\sb0\sl-217\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li2651\sb0
\sl-217\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li2651\sb0\sl-217\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li2651\sb0\s
l-217\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li2651\sb0\sl-217\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li2651\sb0\sl-
217\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li2651\sb0\sl-217\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li2651\sb0\sl-21
7\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li2651\sb0\sl-217\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li2651\sb0\sl-217\
slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li2651\ri2449\sb91\sl-217\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscale
x100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 asuma riscul \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?
\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i tarifele (costurile) transportului principal.\ul0\
super\cf8\f9\fs18 12\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 Condi\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7
\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 iile D sunt diferite de \up0 \expndtw-7\
charscalex100 condi\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19
iile C, deoarece vnz\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs1
9 torul conform condi\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs
19 iilor D, r\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 spund
e de sosirea m\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 rfur
ilor la \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex100 locul sau punctul de destina\ul0\nosupersub
\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ie convenit la frontiera sau pe t
eritoriul \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ri
i importatore. \up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex100 Vnz\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259
?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 torul trebuie s\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?
\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 suporte toate riscurile \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\f
s19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i costurile transport\ul0\nosupersub\cf
6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 rii m\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u
259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 rfurilor la \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex100 destin
a\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ie. Condi\ul0\nos
upersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 iile D sunt, prin urmare,
contracte de sosire, n timp ce condi\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupe
rsub\cf7\f8\fs19 iile C \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex102 constituie contracte de ple
care (expediere). Grupa D include cinci tipuri de condi\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\f
s19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ii de \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex100 livrare
: DAF (Delivered at Frontier), DES (Delivered ex Ship), DEQ (Delivered ex Quay),
\up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 DDU (Delivered Duty Unpaid) \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f
7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i DDP (Delivered Duty Paid).\ul0\super\
cf8\f9\fs18 13\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 Potrivit condi\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\
fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 iilor D, cu \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100
excep\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ia condi\ul0
\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 iei DDP, vnz\ul0\nosupe
rsub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 torul nu are obliga\ul0\nosup
ersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ia s\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\f
s19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 livreze m\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u25
9?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 rfurile cu ndeplinirea \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex88
formalit\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ilo
r de import n \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ara
de destina\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ie. \par
\pard\qj \li2651\ri2449\sb205\sl-215\slmult0\fi676 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex105
\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs19 4\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 . \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f
3\fs19 Rolul condi\ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs1
9 iilor INCOTERMS n cadrul pie\ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupers
ub\cf2\f3\fs19 ei comune a Uniunii \line \up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex100 Europe
ne. \ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 A\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupers
ub\cf7\f8\fs19 a cum se \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8
\fs19 tie, n cadrul pie\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\f
s19 ii comune instaurat\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\
fs19 ntre cele 27 state membre \line \up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex100 ale Uniunii E
uropene (UE) s-a statuat libera circula\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\no
supersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ie a m\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7
\f8\fs19 rfurilor \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19
i exonerarea total\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19
de \line \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 taxe vamale. De asemenea nici taxa pe va
loarea ad\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ugat\ul0\
nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 (TVA) nu mai este perc
eput\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 de \line \up0
\expndtw-7\charscalex93 c\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\
f8\fs19 tre administra\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\
fs19 iile vamale na\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs
19 ionale din \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\f
s19 rile membre, taxa respectiv\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259? \up0 \expnd
tw-5\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 (TVA) fiind \par\pard\qj \li2651
\ri2449\sb5\sl-216\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex100 ncasat\ul0\nosupersub\cf
6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 /pl\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259
?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 tit\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersu
b\cf7\f8\fs19 direct de firme n momentul livr\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\
ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 rii - la poarta uzinei - (n Fran\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7
\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 a) sau n \line \up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex
100 momentul achizi\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19
ion\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 rii m\ul0\nosu
persub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 rfurilor respective de c\ul
0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 tre consumatori (n Ge
rmania \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i alte \lin
e \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex94 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\u259?\ul0\nosu
persub\cf7\f8\fs19 ri).\ul0\super\cf8\f9\fs18 14\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 Ace
asta nseamn\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 c\ul0\n
osupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 nu exist\ul0\nosupersub
\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 n practic\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\f
s19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 interferen\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u3
55?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 e de natur\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\
nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 vamal\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\c
f7\f8\fs19 n cadrul \line \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 schimburilor de m\ul0\no
supersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 rfuri intra-comunitare, i
mplicit nici formalit\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7
\f8\fs19 i vamale de export sau \line \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 import \ul0\
nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i nici plata unor drept
uri (taxe) vamale ntre \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf
7\f8\fs19 rile membre, cu excep\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub
\cf7\f8\fs19 ia obliga\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\f
s19 iei \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex100 de a declara lunar (n scopuri statis
tice) schimburile de m\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8
\fs19 rfuri \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex100 (bunuri) efectuate. n \par\pard\qj \li
2651\ri2449\sb5\sl-215\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 aceast\ul0\nosupers
ub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 situa\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs
19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ie s-ar p\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?
\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 rea c\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupers
ub\cf7\f8\fs19 aplicarea regulilor "INCOTERMS" nu ar mai fi necesar\ul0\nosuper
sub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 . \line \up0 \expndtw-1\charsc
alex100 Conceptul este gre\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\
f8\fs19 it, aceste reguli r\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7
\f8\fs19 mnnd n vigoare \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs
19 i avnd aplicabilitate chiar n \line \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 cadrul tranza
c\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 iilor la care pra
ctic nu mai este necesar\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8
\fs19 nici un fel de formalitate vamal\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\no
supersub\cf7\f8\fs19 .\ul0\super\cf8\f9\fs18 15 \line \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex
100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 Mai mult, chiar la completarea declara\ul0\nosup
ersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 iei lunare a schimburilor se
folose\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 te terminol
ogia \line \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 "INCOTERMS - 2000" utilizat\ul0\nosuper
sub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 la ncheierea contractelor come
rciale. n concluzie, att n \line \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 schimburile intra-co
munitare, ct \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i n cel
e extra-comunitare, se utilizeaz\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersu
b\cf7\f8\fs19 n continuare \line \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 regulile "INCOTER
MS" (n prezent cele din edi\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\
f8\fs19 ia 2000), comercian\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7
\f8\fs19 ii comunitari avnd \line \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 toat\ul0\nosupers
ub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 latitudinea s\ul0\nosupersub\c
f6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 -\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?
\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i aleag\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupe
rsub\cf7\f8\fs19 n rela\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\
fs19 iile lor de schimb interna\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub
\cf7\f8\fs19 ional oricare din cele 13 \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 condi
\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ii de livrare (INC
OTERMS - 2000), n func\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs
19 ie de scopul urm\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19
rit. \par\pard\qj \li2651\ri2449\sb5\sl-216\slmult0\fi847 \up0 \expndtw-5\chars
calex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u354?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 innd seama
de pozi\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ia geograf
ic\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 a \ul0\nosupers
ub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 rilor comunitare, priorit
ate vor avea \line \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex95 expedi\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs1
9 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 iile rutiere, feroviare \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\
f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i aeriene, f\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs1
9 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 r\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosu
persub\cf7\f8\fs19 ns\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs
19 a fi uitat\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 exp
edi\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ia maritim\ul0\
nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 (de ex.: n \line \up0 \
expndtw-7\charscalex96 rela\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7
\f8\fs19 iile cu porturile grece\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersu
b\cf7\f8\fs19 ti). De asemenea, n rela\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosu
persub\cf7\f8\fs19 iile cu Marea Britanie, Irlanda \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \
u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\u259?\ul0\
nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 rile \line \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 Scandinave, expe
di\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ia se efectueaz\
ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 cu nave \u8222?rol
l on - roll off\u8221? \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\
fs19 i este reglementat\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\
fs19 (din \line \up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex100 punct de vedere al transportului)
prin prevederile cuprinse n "Conven\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosu
persub\cf7\f8\fs19 ia interna\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupers
ub\cf7\f8\fs19 ional\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259? \line \up0 \expndtw-7\cha
rscalex97 \ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 CMR" (expedi\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u
355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ia rutier\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\u
l0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 prezent cele din edi\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355
?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ia 2000), comercian\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u35
5?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ii comunitari avnd toata \line \up0 \expndtw-7\char
scalex97 latitudinea s\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\f
s19 -\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i aleag\ul0\n
osupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 n rela\ul0\nosupersub\cf
6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 iile lor de schimb interna\ul0\nosup
ersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ionale oricare cele 13 condi
\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ii de \line \up0 \
expndtw-1\charscalex100 livrare (INCOTERMS - 2000), n func\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\
f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ie de scopul urm\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7
\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 rit. Practic, ca o concluzie, se \line \
up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 poate ar\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosu
persub\cf7\f8\fs19 ta c\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\
fs19 din cele 13 "condi\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f
8\fs19 ii de livrare" (INCOTERMS - 2000), doar cteva se \line \up0 \expndtw-2\
charscalex100 utilizeaz\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\
fs19 n mod curent n rela\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\
fs19 iile intra-comunitare, unele mai rar, altele n mod frecvent \line \up0 \expn
dtw-8\charscalex97 apreciindu-se c\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosuper
sub\cf7\f8\fs19 este bine s\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf
7\f8\fs19 fie cunoscute \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f
8\fs19 i interpretate corect.\ul0\super\cf8\f9\fs18 16 \par\pard\ql \li2651\sb0\
sl-195\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li2651\sb0\sl-195\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li2651\sb132\
sl-195\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex97 \ul0\super\cf9\f10\fs16 12\ul0\nosup
ersub\cf10\f11\fs17 Popa, Ioan, \ul0\nosupersub\cf12\f13\fs17 Tranzac\ul0\nosup
ersub\cf11\f12\fs17 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf12\f13\fs17 ii de comer\ul0\nosupers
ub\cf11\f12\fs17 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf12\f13\fs17 exterior\ul0\nosupersub\cf
10\f11\fs17 , Editura Economic\ul0\nosupersub\cf11\f12\fs17 \u259?\ul0\nosupersu
b\cf10\f11\fs17 , Bucure\ul0\nosupersub\cf11\f12\fs17 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf10
\f11\fs17 ti, 2002 \par\pard\ql \li2651\sb6\sl-195\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-4\chars
calex100 \ul0\super\cf9\f10\fs16 13\ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs17 Ciobanu, Georg
e, \ul0\nosupersub\cf12\f13\fs17 Contractarea n comer\ul0\nosupersub\cf11\f12\fs1
7 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf12\f13\fs17 ul interna\ul0\nosupersub\cf11\f12\fs17 \u
355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf12\f13\fs17 ional\ul0\nosupersub\cf13\f14\fs17 , \ul0\nosu
persub\cf10\f11\fs17 Editura Universitaria, Craiova, 2008 \par\pard\ql \li2651\s
b6\sl-195\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\super\cf9\f10\fs16 14\ul0\n
osupersub\cf10\f11\fs17 Prisecaru, Petre, \ul0\nosupersub\cf12\f13\fs17 Politic
i comune ale Uniunii Europene\ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs17 , Editura Economic\ul
0\nosupersub\cf11\f12\fs17 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs17 , Bucure\ul0\nosu
persub\cf11\f12\fs17 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs17 ti, 2004 \par\pard\ql \
li2651\sb6\sl-195\slmult0\tx7903 \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex98 \ul0\super\cf9\f10
\fs16 15\ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs17 Albu, Cornel, \ul0\nosupersub\cf12\f13\
fs17 Libera circula\ul0\nosupersub\cf11\f12\fs17 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf12\f1
3\fs17 ie a m\ul0\nosupersub\cf11\f12\fs17 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf12\f13\fs17
rfurilor, Pia\ul0\nosupersub\cf11\f12\fs17 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf12\f13\fs17
a Intern\ul0\nosupersub\cf11\f12\fs17 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf12\f13\fs17 Un
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a - SNSPA, Bucure\ul0\nosupersub\cf11\f12\fs17 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs
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ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i asume opera\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\n
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rscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 opera\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\u
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rscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 Totodat\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?
\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 , la condi\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\n
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351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i "DDP",\par\pard\qj \li2651\ri2450\sb0\sl-220\
slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 nemaifiind necesare ntocmirea de formal
it\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i vamale,
 utilizarea lor n tranzac\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf
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b\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 t\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u2
59?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 un singur sens, ambele incluznd automat costur
ile opera\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 iunilor
de \line \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 desc\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul
0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 rcare, vnz\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupe
rsub\cf7\f8\fs19 torul trebuind n acest caz s\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u2
59?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ofere la destina\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \
u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ie, n locul convenit, \par\pard\li2651\sb1\sl
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9 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 rfurile libere de orice obliga\ul0\nosupersu
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u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i costuri.\tab \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 Pra
ctic, se poate anticipa c\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\c
f7\f8\fs19 ntr-un\par\pard\qj \li2651\ri2449\sb0\sl-220\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-7
\charscalex100 viitor apropiat, \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\u259?\ul0\nos
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f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ii comune", n rela\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f
7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 iile dintre ele, \line \up0 \expndtw-8\
charscalex91 doar dou\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\f
s19 condi\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ii de
livrare: \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs19 "Franco \ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 c\ul
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f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 u\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul
0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ..." \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex100 (FCA...) \ul0\nosupe
rsub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs1
9 "Franco destina\ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs19
ie..." \par\pard\ql \li2651\sb1\sl-194\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \u
l0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 (DDU.../DDP...). \par\pard\qj \li2651\sb0\sl-215\slmul
t0 \par\pard\qj\li2651\ri2449\sb14\sl-215\slmult0\fi676 \up0 \expndtw-4\charscal
ex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs19 5. Concluzii. \ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 n con
cluzie, putem afirma despre condi\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupers
ub\cf7\f8\fs19 ia de livrare c\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\
cf7\f8\fs19 reprezint\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259? \line \up0 \expndtw-5\c
harscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 una din clauzele esen\ul0\nosupersub\cf
6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 iale ce se convin ntre partenerii unu
i contract comercial interna\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf
7\f8\fs19 ional, \line \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 prin aceasta regelmentndu-se
n fapt transferul m\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19
rfurilor \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i al ris
curilor de la vnz\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 to
r la \line \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 cump\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\
ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 r\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf
7\f8\fs19 tor, inclusiv consecin\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersu
b\cf7\f8\fs19 ele juridice \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7
\f8\fs19 i economice generate. Deoarece transpunerea n \line \up0 \expndtw-7\char
scalex98 practic\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 a
fiec\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 rei men\ul0\n
osupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 iuni, din cadrul diverse
lor modalit\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i
de livrare, reprezint\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\f
s19 costuri \line \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 care nu pot fi neglijate, nscrie
rea acestora n contract necesit\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\
cf7\f8\fs19 preciz\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19
ri, fiind deosebit de \line \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 important cine \ul0\n
osupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i ce pl\ul0\nosupersub\c
f6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 te\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351
?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 te, orice omisiune sau neprecizare din acest punct
de vedere \line \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 putnd diminua sau chiar anula
avantajele scontate de vnz\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf
7\f8\fs19 tor sau cump\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8
\fs19 r\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 tor la \li
ne \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 ncheierea tranzac\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u
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ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 convenit conform unui contract extern de vnzar
e \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 -\par\pard\qj \li2651\ri2449\sb5\sl-216\slmult0
\up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex100 cump\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosuper
sub\cf7\f8\fs19 rare trebuie legat obligatoriu de condi\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs
19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ia de livrare \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \
u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i locul desemnat tocmai pentru a \up0 \expndtw-
7\charscalex92 fi foarte clare obliga\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosu
persub\cf7\f8\fs19 iile \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8
\fs19 i riscurile pe care \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\
f8\fs19 i le asum\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19
p\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 r\ul0\nosupersub\
cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ile. De\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19
\u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i diferen\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\u
l0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ele pot p\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupe
rsub\cf7\f8\fs19 rea \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 minore ntre obliga\ul0\nosuper
sub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 iile ce cad n sarcina exportato
rului, se remarc\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 o
diferen\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 iere sensi
bil\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259? \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 \ul0\nosuper
sub\cf7\f8\fs19 n ceea ce prive\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\
cf7\f8\fs19 te costurile dar \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\c
f7\f8\fs19 i c\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 tigur
ile pe care firma vnz\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs1
9 toare le poate ob\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19
ine din \up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex100 asumarea tuturor activit\ul0\nosupersub\c
f6\f7\fs19 \u259?\u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ilor implicate de o condi\ul0
\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ie de livrare care pre
supune maximul de \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 obliga\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19
\u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ii pentru exportator. \par\pard\qj \li2651\ri
2449\sb5\sl-215\slmult0\fi667 \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 Alegerea condi\ul0\
nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 iei de livrare est
e foarte important\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs1
9 pentru exportator, de ea \line \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 depinznd pos
ibilit\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ile d
e c\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 tig ale acest
uia. Eficien\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 a un
ei tranzac\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ii com
erciale \line \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 interna\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \
u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ionale depinde n mod direct de corecta alegere a
condi\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 iei de livra
re. Dar ca acest \line \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex95 lucru s\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f
7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 fie valabil, comercian\ul0\nosupersub\
cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ii trebuie s\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7
\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 dispun\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259
?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 de cuno\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosu
persub\cf7\f8\fs19 tin\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\f
s19 e adecvate privind domeniul \line \up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex100 de activitat
e n care lucreaz\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 , d
ar \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i domenii conex
e: transporturi, asigur\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\
fs19 ri \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i de o bun
\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259? \line \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex100 \ul0\nosu
persub\cf7\f8\fs19 cunoa\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8
\fs19 tere a mediului economic \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupe
rsub\cf7\f8\fs19 i comercial al \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\u259?\ul0\
nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 rii partenere. n concluzie, alegerea \line \up0 \expndt
w-7\charscalex97 "Regulii INCOTERMS - 2000" (a condi\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19
\u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 iei de livrare) trebuie f\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f
7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 cut\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\u
l0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 potrivit modalit\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\u3
55?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ii de \line \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex96 transpor
t ce va fi utilizat\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19
, att vnz\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 torul ct \u
l0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i cump\ul0\nosupersu
b\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 r\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u2
59?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 torul trebuind s\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259
?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\
cf7\f8\fs19 in\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 sea
ma de \line \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 recomand\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u2
59?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 rile specifice \up0 \expndtw-8\charscalex96 (par
ticularit\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ile
) fiec\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 rui "terme
n" INCOTERMS, n ceea ce \par\pard\qj \li2651\ri2449\sb4\sl-217\slmult0 \up0 \
expndtw-7\charscalex95 prive\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf
7\f8\fs19 te alegerea modalit\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\u355?\ul0\nosupe
rsub\cf7\f8\fs19 ii (mijlocului) de transport. De\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u3
51?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i n cadrul Pie\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\u
l0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ei Unice nu exist\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259? \l
ine \up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 n practic\ul0\nosu
persub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 interferen\ul0\nosupersub
\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 e de natur\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f
7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 vamal\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u25
9?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 n cadrul schimburilor de m\ul0\nosupersub\cf6
\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 rfuri intra-\line \up0 \expndtw-5\ch
arscalex100 comunitare, implicit nici formalit\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?
\u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i vamale de export sau import \ul0\nosupersub\
cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i nici plata unor drepturi \line \
up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 (taxe) vamale ntre \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355
?\u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 rile membre, cu excep\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\f
s19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ia obliga\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355
?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 iei de a declara lunar (n scopuri \line \up0 \expnd
tw-5\charscalex100 statistice) schimburile de m\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259
?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 rfuri (bunuri) efectuate \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs
19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i n aceast\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?
\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 situa\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosuper
sub\cf7\f8\fs19 ie s-ar p\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f
8\fs19 rea c\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259? \line \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex1
00 \ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 aplicarea regulilor "INCOTERMS" nu ar mai f
i necesar\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 , aceas
t\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 viziune este g
re\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 it\ul0\nosupersu
b\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259? \line \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\
fs19 deoarece aceste reguli r\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\c
f7\f8\fs19 mn n vigoare \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\f
s19 i au aplicabilitate chiar n cadrul tranzac\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\
ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 iilor la \line \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex102 care prac
tic nu mai este necesar\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\
fs19 nici un fel de formalitate vamal\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nos
upersub\cf7\f8\fs19 . Mai mult, chiar la \line \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 com
pletarea declara\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ie
i lunare a schimburilor se folose\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupers
ub\cf7\f8\fs19 te terminologia "INCOTERMS -\line \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100
2000" utilizat\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 la n
cheierea contractelor comerciale. Practic, ca o concluzie, se poate ar\ul0\nosup
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f10\fs16 17\ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs17 Albu, Cornel, \ul0\nosupersub\cf12\f
13\fs17 Libera circula\ul0\nosupersub\cf11\f12\fs17 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf12
\f13\fs17 ie a m\ul0\nosupersub\cf11\f12\fs17 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf12\f13\f
s17 rfurilor, Pia\ul0\nosupersub\cf11\f12\fs17 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf12\f13\f
s17 a Intern\ul0\nosupersub\cf11\f12\fs17 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf12\f13\fs17
Unic\ul0\nosupersub\cf11\f12\fs17 \u259?\tab \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 \ul0
\nosupersub\cf12\f13\fs17 - Cele Patru Libert\ul0\nosupersub\cf11\f12\fs17 \u
259?\u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf12\f13\fs17 i\par\pard\li2651\sb0\sl-194\slmult0\fi0
\up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 Fundamentale\ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs17 , Polit
eia - SNSPA, Bucure\ul0\nosupersub\cf11\f12\fs17 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\
fs17 ti, 2003\par\pard\ql \li5949\sb210\sl-253\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscale
x100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs23 178
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l-216\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li2651\sb0\sl-216\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li2651\sb0\sl-
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slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li2651\ri2449\sb102\sl-216\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-5\charscal
ex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 c\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupe
rsub\cf7\f8\fs19 din cele 13 "condi\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosup
ersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ii de livrare" (INCOTERMS - 2000), doar cteva se utilizeaz\ul0\
nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 n mod \line \up0 \expnd
tw-4\charscalex100 curent n rela\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub
\cf7\f8\fs19 iile intra-comunitare. Deoarece n diverse zone \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f
7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\u2
59?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ri de pe mapamond se \line \up0 \expndtw-3\charsc
alex100 practic\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 nc\
ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 o serie de cutume
\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i reguli specifice
(proprii), partenerii de contract, pentru \line \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 b
unul mers al afacerilor, accept\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub
\cf7\f8\fs19 nscrierea acestora n contract sub form\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u
259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 de\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs19 \ul0\nosupersub\
cf7\f8\fs19 men\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 iun
i \line \up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex100 exprese (complet\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs1
9 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ri), cu scopul de a le putea utiliza sau dif
eren\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ia fa\ul0\nosu
persub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 de prevederile din \
line \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex102 "Regulile INCOTERMS" elaborate de CIC - Paris,
reguli care ar reprezenta n asemenea \line \up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex100 situa\u
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al\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 sau prioritar
\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ". ns\ul0\nosupers
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asemenea \line \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 modific\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19
\u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ri la clauzele reglementate prin "reguli
le INCOTERMS", poate avea un efect \line \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex100 contr
ar celui urm\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 rit de
partenerii de contract, deoarece n cazul unui arbitraj (proces) ca \line \up0 \e
xpndtw-4\charscalex100 urmare a unui conflict de interese ntre vnz\ul0\nosupersub\
cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 tor \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u
351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i cump\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nos
upersub\cf7\f8\fs19 r\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs
19 tor, arbitrii (judec\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\
fs19 torii) vor \line \up0 \expndtw-7\charscalex98 ntmpina mari greut\ul0\nosupe
rsub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i n pronun\ul0\nosuper
sub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 area hot\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f
7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 rrii ce trebuie luat\ul0\nosupersub\c
f6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 . Exemplificatoare n \line \up0 \e
xpndtw-5\charscalex100 aceast\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\c
f7\f8\fs19 privin\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u355?\u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8
\fs19 este utilizarea (convenirea) n continuare, n unele rela\ul0\nosupersub\cf6
\f7\fs19 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 ii, a prevederilor \line \up0 \expndt
w-5\charscalex100 regulilor americane RAFTD \up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex100 (Rev
ised American Foreign Trade Definitions), de\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs19 \u3
51?\ul0\nosupersub\cf7\f8\fs19 i \par\pard\ql \li2651\sb3\sl-218\slmult0 \up0 \e
xpndtw-5\charscalex100 prevederile INCOTERMS au cea mai mare r\ul0\nosupersub\cf
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651\sb0\sl-195\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li2651\sb0\sl-195\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li265
1\sb0\sl-195\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li2651\sb0\sl-195\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li2651\
sb0\sl-195\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li2651\sb0\sl-195\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li2651\sb
0\sl-195\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li2651\sb0\sl-195\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li2651\sb0\
sl-195\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li2651\sb0\sl-195\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li2651\sb0\sl
-195\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li2651\sb0\sl-195\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li2651\sb0\sl-1
95\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li2651\sb0\sl-195\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li2651\sb0\sl-195
\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li2651\sb0\sl-195\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li2651\sb0\sl-195\s
lmult0 \par\pard\ql\li2651\sb0\sl-195\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li2651\sb0\sl-195\slm
ult0 \par\pard\ql\li2651\sb0\sl-195\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li2651\sb0\sl-195\slmul
t0 \par\pard\ql\li2651\sb0\sl-195\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li2651\sb0\sl-195\slmult0
\par\pard\ql\li2651\sb0\sl-195\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li2651\sb0\sl-195\slmult0 \
par\pard\ql\li2651\sb0\sl-195\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li2651\sb0\sl-195\slmult0 \pa
r\pard\ql\li2651\sb0\sl-195\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li2651\sb0\sl-195\slmult0 \par\
pard\ql\li2651\sb0\sl-195\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li2651\sb37\sl-195\slmult0 \up3 \
expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf14\f15\fs15 * \dn3 \expndtw-5\charscal
ex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs17 Bibliografie:\ul0\nosupersub\cf15\f16\fs17
\ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs17 Albu, Cornel, \ul0\nosupersub\cf12\f13\fs17 Lib
era circula\ul0\nosupersub\cf11\f12\fs17 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf12\f13\fs17 ie
a m\ul0\nosupersub\cf11\f12\fs17 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf12\f13\fs17 rfurilor
, Pia\ul0\nosupersub\cf11\f12\fs17 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf12\f13\fs17 a Inter
n\ul0\nosupersub\cf11\f12\fs17 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf12\f13\fs17 Unic\ul0\no
supersub\cf11\f12\fs17 \u259?\ul0\nosupersub\cf12\f13\fs17 - Cele Patru \par\p
ard\qj \li2651\ri2466\sb98\sl-180\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 Libert\u
l0\nosupersub\cf11\f12\fs17 \u259?\u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf12\f13\fs17 i Fundamen
tale\ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs17 , Politeia - SNSPA, Bucure\ul0\nosupersub\cf1
1\f12\fs17 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs17 ti, 2003; Ciobanu, George, \ul
0\nosupersub\cf12\f13\fs17 Contractarea n \line \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 com
er\ul0\nosupersub\cf11\f12\fs17 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf12\f13\fs17 ul interna\
ul0\nosupersub\cf11\f12\fs17 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\cf12\f13\fs17 ional\ul0\nosup
ersub\cf13\f14\fs17 , \ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs17 Editura Universitaria, Cr
aiova, \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 2008; Costin, Mircea, Deleanu Sergiu,
\par\pard\qj \li2651\ri2466\sb4\sl-200\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 \u
l0\nosupersub\cf12\f13\fs17 Dreptul Comer\ul0\nosupersub\cf11\f12\fs17 \u355?\ul
0\nosupersub\cf12\f13\fs17 ului Interna\ul0\nosupersub\cf11\f12\fs17 \u355?\ul0\
nosupersub\cf12\f13\fs17 ional\ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs17 , Lumina Lex, Bucure
\ul0\nosupersub\cf11\f12\fs17 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs17 ti, 1997; Popa
, Ioan, \ul0\nosupersub\cf12\f13\fs17 Tranzac\ul0\nosupersub\cf11\f12\fs17 \u355
?\ul0\nosupersub\cf12\f13\fs17 ii de comer\ul0\nosupersub\cf11\f12\fs17 \u355? \
line \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf12\f13\fs17 exterior\ul0\no
supersub\cf10\f11\fs17 , Editura Economic\ul0\nosupersub\cf11\f12\fs17 \u259?\
ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs17 , Bucure\ul0\nosupersub\cf11\f12\fs17 \u351?\ul0\n
osupersub\cf10\f11\fs17 ti, \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 2002; Prisecaru, Pet
re, \ul0\nosupersub\cf12\f13\fs17 Politici comune ale Uniunii \par\pard\qj \
li2651\ri2466\sb0\sl-200\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 Europene\ul0\nosu
persub\cf10\f11\fs17 , Editura Economic\ul0\nosupersub\cf11\f12\fs17 \u259?\ul0\
nosupersub\cf10\f11\fs17 , Bucure\ul0\nosupersub\cf11\f12\fs17 \u351?\ul0\nosupe
rsub\cf10\f11\fs17 ti, 2004; Reguli \ul0\nosupersub\cf11\f12\fs17 \u351?\ul0\nos
upersub\cf10\f11\fs17 i uzan\ul0\nosupersub\cf11\f12\fs17 \u355?\ul0\nosupersub\
cf10\f11\fs17 e comerciale, INCOTERMS 2000, \up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex100 Editur
a Percomex, Bucure\ul0\nosupersub\cf11\f12\fs17 \u351?\ul0\nosupersub\cf10\f11\f
s17 ti, 2001 \par\pard\ql \li5949\sb0\sl-253\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li5949\sb165\s
l-253\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs23 179
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\sn geoRight}{\sv 2707}}{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 20}}
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;4;(0,20);(2707,20);(2707,0);(0,0)}}
{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;10;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;24577;32768}
}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}{\s
p{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}{\s
p{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}
}}\par\pard\sect\sectd\fs24}