Acid Radicals II & III

Group II: Conc. H2SO4 class

Cl- , Br - , I - , NO3-

Why didn`t we test for fluorides in group II ?

Because NaF + H2SO4 H2F2 + Na2 SO4

The evolving gas of hydrogen fluoride is a corrosive gas and it will react with the silica that forms the
glass of the test tube so this test is not done in the lab.

What are the reactions that you are responsible for in this lab?

Reactions of solid salts of Group II with conc. H 2SO4

Dry test

Equations p.g. 57 # 1 only

The name of gases that evolved and the color of its fumes

Wet test

1. Silver nitrate p.g. 57-58

Reactions of salt solutions ( Cl ,Br and I ) with Silver nitrate ( AgNO3) and color of ppt

2. Brown ring test p.g. 58

The name of reagents for Brown ring test ( Fe SO4 + Conc . H 2 SO4 ) and the chemical name
of the brown ring which is Fe [ NO ]SO4 = iron nitro sulfate

Group III

SO4 , PO4 , B4O7

Reactions of Group III with AgNO3 and color of ppt formed p.g. 60

Reaction with FeCl3 for phosphates p.g. 60

Glycerol test for borates ( the colors formed after adding ph.ph. the indicator : pink color will
appear since the medium will be basic ( pH: 8 10) and the disappearance of color on
adding glycerol ( since the medium will be now neutral or the alkalinity of the medium will be
masked ) and reappearing after warming ( glycerol will disappear and borax will react again
with ph.ph.)

Flame test for Borates

The color of the flame test for borates ( green flame )

Questions for review :

How can you differentiate between NO3 ( Nitrate ) and NO2 ( Nitrite )

Salt soln. + KMnO4 Nitrate will give no color change ( -ve test )

Nitrites will decolorize the purple color ( +ve test )

Salt soln. + FeSO4+ Conc.H2SO4 Nitrate will give the brown ring in the test tub

Nitrites will give no reaction

Solid salt + Dil HCl Nitrite will give brown fumes of NO 2 gas

Nitrate will give no reaction

How can you differentiate between SO3 2-

and S2O32-

SO3 2-
Red color that
changes into a brown ppt on heating

Salt soln. + Fe Cl3

S2O32- Violet color that

disappears on warming