FOR TRAINING USE ONLY

AW189
Airframe Maintenance
Type Training Course (cat. B1.3)

00 - Air Vehicle General Characteristics

Student Notes

This document contains commercial in confidence information that is AgustaWestland S.p.A. (hereinafter AW) proprietary
and it is supplied in collaboration with AgustaWestland Ltd (hereinafter AW), on the express condition that it may not be
copied to, used by, disclosed to or re-produced, in whole or in part, for any third party without the AW written consent.
Any unauthorised use, disclosure, reproduction in whole or in part of the information contained in this training publication is
forbidden and prosecuted in accordance with the applicable law.

DOCUMENT NO: AW189-AF001-SN-I-00

ISSUE: 6.0
ISSUE DATE: 30/05/2014

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00 - Air Vehicle General Characteristics
Student Notes - B1.3

Issue Record
The latest issue number shown below wholly defines the standard of this document. Changes to this
document will be made by re-issue of the document in its entirety or by amendment list action that will raise
the issue.

ISSUE DATE REMARKS

6.0 30/05/2014

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Student Notes - B1.3

Table of Contents
Issue Record ....................................................................................................................................................... i
Air Vehicle General Characteristics Lesson .......................................................................................................1
1 AW189 Air Vehicle ...................................................................................................................................1
1.1 List of Abbreviations .......................................................................................................................1
1.1.1 Abbreviations and Acronyms ......................................................................................................1
1.2 AW189 General Overview ............................................................................................................23
1.2.1 AW189 General Overview ........................................................................................................23
1.3 Aircraft Description .......................................................................................................................25
1.3.1 Length, Height, Width and Rotor Diameter ..............................................................................25
1.3.2 Cockpit Layout ..........................................................................................................................27
1.3.3 Doors and Emergency Exits .....................................................................................................28
1.3.4 Fuel System ..............................................................................................................................29
1.3.5 Hydraulic System ......................................................................................................................30
1.3.6 Landing Gear ............................................................................................................................31
1.3.7 Fixed Flight Control ..................................................................................................................32
1.3.8 Electrical System ......................................................................................................................33
1.3.9 Dynamic Systems .....................................................................................................................34
1.3.10 Power Plant ........................................................................................................................36
1.3.11 Fire Detection .....................................................................................................................37
1.3.12 Avionics System Architecture ............................................................................................38
1.3.13 Environmental Control System ..........................................................................................40

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Student Notes - B1.3

Air Vehicle General Characteristics Lesson

1 AW189 Air Vehicle
1.1 List of Abbreviations
1.1.1 Abbreviations and Acronyms

AC Alternate Current

A/C Aircraft

ACP Audio Control Panel

AC PDU AC Power Distribution Unit

ACCB Air Conditioning Control Box

ACSGS AC Starter Generation and Start Converter Unit Subsystem

ACS Air Conditioning System

AC XPC AC External Power Contactor

AC XPR AC External Power Receptacle

AC XPS AC External Power Sensor

ADAHRS Air Data & Attitude Heading Reference System

ADE ADA Development Environment

ADELT Automatic Deployable Emergency Locator Transmitter

ADF Automatic Direction Finder

ADI Attitude Director Indicator

ADM Air Data Module

ADS Air Data System

ADU Air Data Unit

AEO All Engine Operative

AFCS Automatic Flight Control System

AFDX Avionic Full Duplex ethernet

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Student Notes - B1.3

AGB Accessory Gear Box

AGC Apu Generator Contactor

AGE Aircraft Ground Equipment

Ah Ampere hour

AHRS Attitude And Heading Reference System

AISBV Anti-icing and Start Bleed Valve

ALT Altitude; Barometric Altitude

ALTN Alternate

AM Amplitude Modulation

AMC Acceptable Means of Compliance

AMLCD Active Matrix Liquid Crystal Display

AMMC Aircarft & Mission Management Computer

AMMS Aircarft & Mission Management System

AMU Audio Management Unit

ANT Antenna

AOA Angle of Attack

AP Autopilot

APP Approach

APS Auxiliary Power System

APU Auxiliary Power Unit

ARINC Aeronautical Radio INCorporated

ATC Ait Traffic Control

ATP Acceptance Test Procedure

ATS Air Turbine Starter

ATT Attitude

Aux Auxillary

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Student Notes - B1.3

AVMMS Air Vehicle Management and Monitoring System

AW Agusta Westland

AWG Aural Warning Generator

BAG Baggage

BAT Battery

BFK Basic Function Key

BIT Built in Test

BITE Built-In Test Equipment

BKUP Backup

BRG Bearing

BRU Beacon Release Unit

C Celsius/Centigrade (degree)

CAP Captions

CAS Crew Alerting System

CAS RST Crew Alerting System Reset

CB Circuit Breaker

C/B Circuit Breaker

CBIT Continuous Built In Test

CBL Cable

CBP Circuit Breaker Panel

CCA Circuit Card Assembly

CCD Cursor Control Device

CCJ Cursor Control Joystick

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Student Notes - B1.3

CCP Cockpit Control Panel

CCRR Closed Circuit Refuelling Receiver

CDR Critical Design Review

CDRL Customer Data Requirememnts List

CDS Cockpit Display System

CF Compact Flash, Constant Frequency

CFE Customer Furnished Equipment

CFRP Carbon Fibre Reinforced Plastic

CFUR Critical Failure (ECC)

CG Center of Gravity

CKPT Cockpit

CLPR Caliper

CLTV Collective

CM Configuration Management

CMS Centralized Maintenance System

COC Certificate of Conformity

COM Communication

COND Conditioning

CONTR PNL Control Panel

CP Control Panel

CPI Crash Position Indicator

CPLT Copilot

CRES Corrosion Resistant Steel

CRS Course

CRZ Cruise

CSCI Computer Software Configuration Item

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Student Notes - B1.3

CSL Console

CSMM Crash Survivable Memory Module

CT Current Transformer

C/V Check Valve

CVR Cockpit Voice Recorder

CU Configuration Unit

DAFCS Digital Automatic Flight Control System

DBU Data Base Update

DC Display Controller

DC Direct Current

DCPDU DC Power Distribution Unit

DCGS DC Generation Subsystem

DCP Display Control Panel

DC XPC DC External Power Contactor

DC XPR DC External Power Receptacle

DDP Display Dimming Panel

DH Decision Height

DIM Dimming

DME Distance Measuring Equipment

DMG Digital Map Generator

DN Down

DOA Design Organization Approval

DTD Data Transfer Device

DTU Data Transfer Unit

DTS Duct Temperature Sensor

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Student Notes - B1.3

DU Display Unit

EASA European Aviation Safety Agency

ECDU Electrical Control and Display Unit

ECS Environmental Control System

ECU Engine Control Unit

EDCU Electrical Display Control Unit

EECU Electronic Engine Control Unit

EFA Experimental Flight Approval

EFS Emergency Floatation system

EFIS Electronic Flight Instrumentation System

EGPWS Enhanced Ground Proximity Warning System

EGT Exhaust Gas Temperature

EHSV Electro Hydraulic Solenoid Valve

EIOM Electrical Input Output Module

ELT Emergency Locator Transmitter

EMC Electromagnetic Compatibility

EMC Epoxy Moulding Compound

EMER Emergency

EMI Electromagnetic interference

ENG Engine

ENAC Ente Nazionale Aviazione Civile

EP Estimated Position; Electric Pump

EPGDS Electrical Power Generation And Distribution System

EPU Estimated Position Uncertainty

EQSW Equipment Software

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Student Notes - B1.3

ESIS Electronic Stand-by Instrument System

ESP Engine Speed Probe

ET Elapsed Time

ETA Estimated Time of Arrival

ETE Estimated Time En-route

EXTG Extinguish / Extinguisher

FADEC Full Authority Digital Engine Control

FAA Federal Aviation Administration

FAI First Article Inspection

FBW Flight By Wire

F/C Flight Control

FCA Functional Configuration Audit

FCC Flight Control Computer

FCHS Flight Control Hydraulic System

FCS Flight Control System

FD Flight Director

FDE Fault Detection & Exclusion

FDR Flight Data Recorder

FF Fuel Flow

FFC Fixed Flight Control

FFK Fixed Function Key

FH Flying Hours; Flight Hours

FK Function Key

FL Flight Level

FLTA Forward Looking Terrain Alerting

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FMEA Failure Mode, Effects and Analysis

FMECA Failure Mode, Effects and Criticality Analysis

FMCW Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave

FMP Fuel Metering Pump

FMS Flight Management System

FOD Foreign Object Damage

FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array

FQGS Fuel Quantity Gauging System

FRACA Failure Reporting Analysis and Corrective Action

FSB Fasten Seat Belt

FSK Function Select Key

FSOV Fuel ShutOff Valve

ft Feet

ft/min Feer per Minute

FWD Forward

GA Go-Around

GB Giga Byte

GBSP GearBox Speed Probe

GCS Generator Control Switch

GCU Generator Control Unit

GEN Generator

GG Gas Generator

GI Ground Idle

GLC Generator Line Contactor

GND Ground

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Student Notes - B1.3

GPS Global Positioning System

GPU Ground Power Unit

GPWS Ground Proximity Warning System

GRS General Requirements Specification

GTS Gas Turbine Starter

GVI General Visual Inspection

GW Gross Weight

H/C Helicopter

HCB Heating Control Box

HCP Hydraulic Control Panel

HDOP Horizontal Diluition of Precision

HDG Heading

HEELS Helicopter Emergency Egress Lighting System

HF High Frequency

HFOM Horizontal Figure of Merit

HGPU Hydraulics Ground Power Unit

HID High Intensity Discharge

HIL Horizontal Integrity Limit

HIRF High Intensity Radio Frequency

HMI Human Machine Interface

HON Honeywell

HOV Hover

HP High Pressure; Horse Power

HPS Hydraulic Power Supply

HRS Hardware Requirements Specifications

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Student Notes - B1.3

H/S Hydraulic System

HSI Horizontal Situation Indicator

HSP Hydraulic Synoptic Page

HT Height

HTAWS Helicopter Terrain Awareness and Warning System

HTR Heater

HUMS Health and Usage Monitoring System

HVDCC High Voltage Direct Current Contactor

H/W Hardware

HYD Hydraulic

Hz Hertz

IAS Indicated Air Speed

IBIT Initiated Built In Test

ICD Interface Control Document

ICP Integrated Control Panel

ICS Intercommunication System

ID Inner Diameter

IDM Installation Data Module

IEL Indirect Effects of Lightning

IETP Interactive Electronic Technical Publication

IFR Instrument Flight Rules

IGB Intermediate gearbox

IGN Ignition

IHBT Inhibit

ILS Instrument Landing System

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Student Notes - B1.3

INPH Interphone

I/O Input / Output

IOM Input Output Module

IR Infrared

ISA International Standard Atmosphere

ISIS Integrated Stand-by Instrument System

ITT Inter Turbine Temperature

JAA Joint Aviation Authority

JAR Joint Airworthiness Regulations

KG/kg Kilogram

kPa kiloPascals

kVA Kilovolt Ampere

KTS Knots

KW Kilowatt

LAN Local Area Network

LB/lb Pounds

LCD Liquid Crystal Display

LD Locking Device

LDG Landing

LDG LTS Landing Lights

LDG PWR Landing Power

LDS Lightning Detection System

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Student Notes - B1.3

LED Light Emitting Diode

LG Landing Gear

LGCL Landing Gear Control Lever

LGCP Landing Gear Control Panel

LGCV Landing Gear Control Valve

LGS Landing Gear System

LH Left Hand

LL Low Level

LLS Low Level Sensor

LOC Localizer

LP Low Pressure

LRM Line Replaceable Module

LRU Line Replaceable Unit

LSK Line Select Key

LT Light

MAG Magnetic

MAN Manual

MAU Modular Avionics Unit

MB Marker Beacon

MCD Magnetic Chip Detector

MCDU Multifunction Control Display Unit

MCL Master Caution Light

MDB Maintenance Data Base

ME Main Exciter (Generator)

MEL Minimum Equipment List

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Student Notes - B1.3

MES Main Engine Start

MFD Multi-Function Display

MGB Main Gear Box

Mhz Megahertz

MIL-SPEC Military Specification

MIC Microphone

MISC Miscellaneous

MLG Main Landing Gear

MMI Man-Machine Interface

MM Maintenance Manual

MMEL Master Minimum Equipment List

MOC Means of Compliance

MPOG Minimum Pitch on Ground

MR Main Rotor/Master Reset

MRA Main Rotor Actuator

MRB Main Rotor Blade

MRD Main Rotor Drive

MRGB Main Rotor Gear Box

MRH Main Rotor Head

M/S Micro Switch

MSG Message

MSU Magnetic Sensor Unit

MSTR Master

MT Microturbo

MTBF Mean Time Between Failures

MTBR Mean Time Between Removal

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MTBUR Mean Time Between Unscheduled Removals

MTTR Maintenance Time to Replace

MTOW Maximum Take Off Weight

MWL Master Warning Light

N/A Not Applicable, Not Available

NAV Navigation

NCD No Computed Data

Ng or NG Engine gas generator speed

NHEC Non Human External Cargo

NLG Nose Landing Gear

NM Nautical Mile

NORM Normal

NO SMK No Smoking

Nr Number of Revolutions

NR Rotor Speed

NRV Non Return Valve

NVG Night Vision Goggle

NVIS Night Vision Imaging System

NVM Non Volatile Memory

OAT Outer Air Temperature

OD Outer Diameter

OEI One Engine Inoperative

OPSW Operational Software

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OSOV Oil Shut Off Valve

OTS Overheat Temperature Switch

OVCP Over Head Control Panel

OVHT Overheat

OVTQ Overtorque

PA Passenger Address; Pubblic Address; Power Amplifier, Public Announcement

PAX Passengers

PBIT Power-Up Built-in Test

PCA Physical Configuration Audit

PCM Power Control Module

PDCS Power Distribution and Control Subsystem

PDR Preliminary Design Review

PDU Power Distribution Unit

PERF Performance

PF Power Factor

PFD Primary Flight Display

PLT Pilot

PMA Permanent Magnet Alternator

PMG Permanent Magnet Generator

P/N Part Number

PNL Panel

PNL LT Panel Lighting

POR Point of Regulation

PRAIM Predicted RAIM

PRDS Pressure Refuel and Defuel System

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Student Notes - B1.3

PRN Pseudo Random Noise

PS Proximity Switch

PSI Pound per Square Inch

PSM Power Supply Module

PSU Passenger Service Unit

PT Total Pressure

PTFE Polytetrafluoroethylene

PTT Press to Talk; Press to Transmit

P1 Air Intake Pressure

P2 Compressor Discharge Pressure

PU Per Unit

PWL Pulse Width Modulation

PWM Pulse Width Modulated

PWR Power

QAD Quick Attach/Detach

QPP Qualification Program Plan

QR Qualification Review

QRH Quick Reference Handbook

QTP Qualification Test Procedure or Plan

R/A Rectraction Actuator

RAD ALT Radio Altitude / Radio Altimeter

RAIM Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring

RAM Random Access Memory

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Student Notes - B1.3

RB Rotor Brake

RBA Rotor Brake Assembly

RBAA Rotor Brake Actuator Assembly

RBCB Rotor Brake Control Block

RBCL Rotor Brake Control Lever

RBCM Rotor Brake Control Module

RBCP Rotor Brake Control Panel

RBD Rotor Brake Disc

RBS Rotor Brake System

RBPI Rotor Brake Pressure Indicator

RBRA Rotor Brake Reservoir Assembly

RCDR Record

RCP Reversion Control Panel

RDR Radar

REL Release

REPU Remote Electrical Power Unit

RF Radio Frequency

RFM Rotorcraft Flight Manual

RH Right Hand

RPM Revolution Per Minute

RSD Remote Select Device

RTN Return

RX Receive

SA Situation Awareness

S/A Shock Absorber

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Student Notes - B1.3

SAR Search and Rescue

SARSAT Search and Rescue Satellite

SAT Shock Absorber Travel

SBAS Satellite Based Augmentation System

SC Start Contactor

S/C Short Circuit

SCAS Stability and Control Augmentation System

SCD Source Control Drawing

SCDD Source Control Drawing for Design

SCDM Source Control Drawing for Manufacturing

SCN Specification Change Notice

SD Secure Digital

S/G Starter Generator

SGCU Starter Generator Converter (or control) Unit

SGS Starter Generator System

SID System Interface Document

SIU System Interface Unit

S/N Serial Number

SOV Shut Off Valve

SPD Speed

SRU Start Rectifier Unit

SSD Solid State Device

SSEPMS Solid State Electrical Power Management System

SSPC Solid State Power Controllers

SSS Supplier System Specification

STA Station (line)

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STBY Stand-By

STN Station

STTE Special to Type Test Equipment

SW Switch

S/W Software

SYS System

TA Traffic Advisory

TAWS Terrain Awareness and Warning System

TB Tera Byte

TBA To Be Advised

TBC To Be Confirmed

TBD To Be Detyermined

TBO Time Between Overhaul

TCAS Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance System

TCV Temperature Control Valve

TEMP Temporary/Temperature

TEV Thermostatic Espansion Valve

TGB Tail Gear Box

TO Take Off

TOA Time of Arrival

TP Test Procedure

TR Tail Rotor

TRA Tail Rotor Actuator

TRB Tail Rotor Blades

TRD Tail Rotor Drive

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TRDL Tail Rotor Drive Line

TRDS Tail Rotor Drive System

TRH Tail Rotor Head

TRR Test Readiness Review

TRSOV Tail Rotor Shut-Off Valve

TRU Transformer Rectifier Unit

TX Transmission

TXV Thermostatic Expansion Valve

T1 Air Inlet Temperature

T2 Compressor Discharge Air Temperature

T3 Turbine Inlet Temperature

T4 or T5 Exhaust Gas Temperature

UD Uni-Directional

UHF Ultra High Frequency

ULB Underwater Locator Beacon

UNF Unified Fine

UNLK Unlock

USB Universal Serial Bus

UTC Universal Time Coordinates

Vac AC Voltage

VCS Vapour Cycle System

VCU Voltage Converter Unit

VDAM Vibration Data Acquisition Module

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Vdc DC Voltage

VDOP Vertical Diluition of Precision

VEL Velocity

VENT Ventilation

VF Variable Frequency

VFOM Vertical Figure of Merit

VHF Very High Frequency

VIL Vendor Item List

VIL Vertical Integrity Limit

VMS Vehicle Monitoring System

VNE Never Exceed Speed

VOL Volume

VOR VHF Omnidirectional Range

V/UHF VHF and UHF

WAS Water Activated Switch

W/B Wheel Brake

W/BHS Wheel Brake Hydraulic System

W/BMC Wheel Brake Master Cylinder

W/BPH Wheel Brake Parking Handle

W/BPV Wheel Brake Parking Valve

W/BR Wheel Brake Reservoir

WCA Warnings, Cautions and Advisories

WHL Wheel

WL Water Line

WLAN Wireless Local Area Network

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WOFFW Weight-Off-Wheels

WOW Weight-On-Wheels

WRN Warning

WT Weight

WX Weather

WXR Weather Radar

XFEED Crossfeed

XMIT Transmit

XMSN Transmission

XP External Power

XPDR Transponder

XPU External Power Unit

Y Yaw

Z Zulu (time)

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1.2 AW189 General Overview

1.2.1 AW189 General Overview

The AW189 is a new medium twin-engine aircraft designed for land and sea operations
including off shore services, Tactical Troop Transport (TTT), Combat Search and Rescue
(CSAR), Medical/Casualty Evacuation (MEDEVAC/CASEVAC), fire fighting and utility (logistical
resupply/external lift) roles.

The AW189 operating capabilities include:

Single pilot day and night VFR/IFR

NVG compatibility

Maximum Take-off Weight (MTOW) 8300 kg

Vne 169 kt

Altitude range up to 20000 ft

Temperature range -40 +55 C.

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The cockpit has pilot and co-pilot crashworthy seats and double commands (cyclic/collective bar
and pedal).

The passenger cabin (11.3 m3) can be used to carry 16 passengers (4 by 4 crashworthy seats
configuration). Other passenger cabin configurations are also available allowing up to a
maximum of 19 passengers.

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1.3 Aircraft Description

1.3.1 Length, Height, Width and Rotor Diameter

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1.3.2 Cockpit Layout

The instrument panel and interseat console contain all the control panels and displays
governing the systems installed in the aircraft and utilised by the flight crew.

The overhead console is installed above the heads of the flight crew and includes the circuit
breaker panel, the power lever quadrant, the rotor brake control lever and the electrical control
panel.

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1.3.3 Doors and Emergency Exits

The pilot doors are of a composite construction utilising woven carbon fibres skins with a
bonded Nomex honeycomb core.

The cabin doors, one on each side, are of the "plug" type opening and sliding rearward.

The design of the cabin door allows the opening and closing of it in flight at speeds of up to 80
kt. Flight is permitted at speeds of up to 100 kt with the door locked open.

The windows are also emergency exits, providing safe exit of crew and troops following forced
landing or ditching, including roll over.

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1.3.4 Fuel System

The AW189 fuel system design meets the relevant requirements of CS29 and the intent of MIL-
STD-1290A.

Fuel is contained in two "L" shaped, fabric, crashworthy fuel tanks. The tanks are located behind
the main cabin area and are supported by a sealed honeycomb torsion box structure which is
capable of absorbing local impact conditions.

Both left and right side tanks are provided with a gravity filler cap. The two tanks are
interconnected by a flange which enables both tanks to be refuelled from a single refueling
point. Devices are also provided to allow pressure refuelling and jettison systems to be installed
if required by the customer.

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1.3.5 Hydraulic System

The main hydraulic system consists of two separate, independent and redundant hydraulic
systems which each provide hydraulic power to the main and tail rotor powered flying controls
actuators.

Their design and installation are such that the system's vulnerability to ballistic damage is
reduced.

Both systems operate at a nominal pump output pressure of 207 bar (3000 psi). In system 1,
one mechanical pump (Hydraulic Power System 1 (HPS1)) and one Electrical Pump (EP), part
of the auxiliary HPS, provide pressurised flow to the Power Control Module 1 (PCM1).

In system 2, two mechanical pumps (HPS2 and HPS4), part of the auxiliary HPS, provide
pressurised flow to the Power Control Module 2 (PCM2).

The mechanical hydraulic pumps are driven continuously by the Main Gearbox (MGB) gears.
The electrical hydraulic pump operates only on ground for preflight check for a limited period of
time.

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1.3.6 Landing Gear

The AW189 is provided with a hydraulically retractable tricycle landing gear.

The robust landing gear is designed to withstand high descent rates and the rough conditions of
field landings in harsh environmental conditions. It has the capability to make roll on landing.

The purpose of the landing gear is to:

Allow take-off/landing, ground handling for the aircraft at its maximum gross weight

Provide energy absorption during the landing impact of the aircraft maintaining the
prescribed ground load factors.

Each main wheel is fitted with a disc brake. They can be operated differentially and
progressively by either pilot using toe pedals that actuate the pistons in the master brake
cylinders. The pressure generated is then transmitted to the main wheels brakes.

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1.3.7 Fixed Flight Control

The AW189 is provided with a four channel, conventional type, mechanical flight control system,
consisting of lateral and longitudinal cyclic, collective and anti-torque command operated by
pilot.

The flight control system controls the aircraft attitude and direction through main and tail rotor.

Cyclic and collective controls are mixed together by means of a mixing unit and the resulting
output is boosted by three hydraulic servo actuators (Main Rotor Actuators (MRA)) acting on the
blade pitch angle of the main rotor.

Anti-torque (yaw) control acts instead directly on a single dual hydraulic servo actuator (Tail
Rotor Actuators (TRA)), therefore operating tail rotor blade pitch angle.

Servo actuators also prevent forces originated from aerodynamic forces on the rotors, to
feedback to flight controls.

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1.3.8 Electrical System

The Electrical Power Generation and Distribution System (EPGDS) is designed for 115 Vac,
400 Hz AC power, 28 Vdc power and 270 Vdc power. The generation system is an AC and the
distribution system includes both AC and DC.

The architecture primarily includes two AC starter generator (GEN1, GEN2) and one APU
generator (APU GEN), with associated Generator Converter Units (SGCU1, SGCU2 and APU
GEN) which supply AC power to corresponding Primary Distribution Units (AC PDU GENs and
AC PDU APU).

Transformer Rectifier Units (TRU1, TRU2 and TRU APU) convert AC power to 28Vdc and
supply DC PDU1 and DC PDU2. A Main battery supply electrical power only for APU start and
emergency users.

The combination of the starter generator and the power converter provides engine start torque
and then, once started, the engine drives the generator to provide AC power to be converted to
DC and feed the aircraft DC buses.

The DC voltage used for the basic distribution system is achieved by an SCU from the AC
power. This box consists of a series of power conversion stages in order to synthesise the
appropriate outputs depending upon the desired functionality.

The EPGDS is continuously monitored by AMMC1 and AMMC2 via ARINC 429 and discrete
signals.

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1.3.9 Dynamic Systems

The dynamic systems of the AW189 comprise two subsystems:

Drive system

Rotor system (main and tail).

The drive system consists of a MGB and a Tail Rotor Drive System.

Main Gearbox
The MGB, mounted on the upper deck, is driven directly by the two engines. The MGB has
three stages of reduction and provides a rear power take-off pad for the TRDS.

Tail Rotor Drive System

The TRDS consists of:

Intermediate Gearbox (IGB)

Tail Rotor Gearbox (TGB).

The function of the IGB is to transmit drive from the top of the tail boom up the leading edge of
the vertical stabiliser.

The function of the TGB is to provide the connection and drive for the tail rotor hub itself.

The rotor system consists of the main rotor system and the tail rotor system.

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The main rotor system is a five bladed, fully articulated rotor composed of the following major
components: main rotor hub, rotating controls and blades.

The tail rotor system is a four bladed, articulated rotor composed of the following major
components: tail rotor head, rotating controls and blades.

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1.3.10 Power Plant

The power system is composed of two General Electrics CT7-2E1 turboshaft engines and one
Auxiliary Power Unit (APU) microturbo eAPU60H equipped with a fire detection system.They
are installed in the upper deck and covered by cowlings.

Engines
The AW189 is a twin-engine multi-role aircraft equipped with two GE CT7-2E1 free turbine
turboshaft engines in the 2000 shaft horsepower range, and an APU for engine starting and on
ground operations.

Engine control is automatically achieved via a Full Authority Digital Electronic Control (FADEC)
wich is composed of an Electronic Engine Control Unit (EECU), permanent magnet alternator,
ignition exciter, electrical sensors, and interfacing cables.

APU
The e-APU 60 is based on a gas turbine that drives a generator. The system generates the
electrical supply (on ground or in flight) to the aircraft's electrical system and can also generate
cockpit heating while the main engines are not operating.

The e-APU 60 consists of:

Turboshaft engine, composed of gas generator and an accessory gearbox

Electronic Control Unit (ECU).

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1.3.11 Fire Detection

The AW189 aircraft is compliant with the JAR requirements for fire warning and fire
extinguishing systems for both of the engines and APU.

The fire detection and warning facilities for each engine bay and the APU bay are supplied via a
fire wire detector sensor installed in each bay.

In the event of a fire the wire activates the fire warning indication. The pilot follows the specific
procedure included in the aircraft flight manual to activate the fire extinguishing system.

The extinguishing system, made by two bottles for the engines and one dedicated for the APU,
allows the fire extinguishing and helicopter safe landing.

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1.3.12 Avionics System Architecture

The main systems of the core avionics system are as follows:

Cockpit Display System (CDS)

Automatic Flight Control System (AFCS)

Aircraft Monitoring and Management System (AMMS)

Communication (Comm) equipment

Navigation (Nav) and Radio Navigation (R-Nav) system

Identification (Ident) system

Flight Management System (FMS)

Cockpit Voice and Flight Data Recorder (CVFDR)

The fully integrated avionics system includes four 10 x 8 colour Active Matrix Liquid Crystal
Displays (AMLCD), an AW designed four axes Digital Automatic Flight Control System
(DAFCS), an integrated redundant air vehicle management and monitoring system with Health
and Usage Monitoring System (HUMS).

The core avionics system incorporates, but is not limited to:

State of the art fully redundant digital modular avionics architecture

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Fully integrated glass cockpit employing 8 x 10 AMLCD display technology

DAFCS

Integrated redundant AMMS

Basic communication and navigation suite compliant with Civil Certification Requirement.

The transfer of information through the core avionic system will be via an Avionic Full Duplex
Switching Unit (AFDX), ARINC 429 digital databus and/or video link.

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1.3.13 Environmental Control System

The AW189 Environmental Control System (ECS) consists of vapour cycle air conditioning
systems to provide cooling to the cockpit and cabin, coupled with a separate jet pump powered
system to provide heating and a nose bay avionics cooling system utilising cockpit conditioned
or ambient air.

The cockpit and cabin air conditioning systems are two independent Vapour Cycle Systems
(VCS) housed mainly on the upper deck of the aircraft in the forward section of the cowling.

The vapour cycle components for each compartment are colocated either side of the cabin
evaporator assembly on the upper deck to reduce the length of interconnecting refrigerant
hoses, and achieve ease of access for maintenance etc.

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