UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI PETRONAS NT Ven CUI Le) | JANUARY 2016 SEMESTER COURSE : VCB3022 / VDB3032-DESIGN OF STEEL STRUCTURES DATE : 7 MAY 2016 (SATURDAY) TIME : 2.30 PM — 5.30 PM (3 hours) INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES Answer ALL questions in the Answer Bookilet. Begin EACH answer on a new page. Indicate clearly answers that are cancelled, if any. Where applicable, show clearly steps taken in arriving at the solutions and indicate ALL assumptions, if any. Do not open this Question Booklet until instructed. There are EIGHTEEN (18) pages in this Question Booklet including the cover page and APPENDICES. Universiti Teknologi PETRONASVCB 3022 & VDB 3032 FIGURE Q1 shows a part of a floor plan. The steel beams, B1, B2 and B3 are supporting a 200 mm thick reinforced concrete floor slab. The floor is designed for a live load of 5 kKN/m?. Given: Dead load factor of safety = 1.35, Live load factor of safety = 1.5 and density of concrete = 2400 kg/m. i. Prepare sketches showing how the load on the floor will be distributed to the beams. [5 marks] ii. By assuming beam B2 is simply supported at both ends, determine the design reactions that will be transferred to the columns. [10 marks} FIGURE Q1VCB 3022 & VDB 3032 A. 254x254 UC 89 is to be used as a short column. Assume the cross section is under pure compression and is made of steel grade S355. Determine the maximum compressive load that can be applied on the member. [15 marks]VCB 3022 & VDB 3032 FIGURE Q2a shows a 12 mm thick steel tension plate containing three lines of staggered holes drilled for 17 mm diameter bolts. The plate is made of steel grade $355. Determine the safe design load, P that can be transferred by the plate. [10 marks] 40 mm FIGURE Q2aVCB 3022 & VDB 3032 FIGURE Q2b shows an 8 m simply supported beam subjected to a dead load of 10 kN/m (self-weight of the beam is not included) and a live load of 12 kN/m. Assuming that the beam is fully restrained (no buckling of compression flange). Modulus of elasticity for the steel is 200 GPa. f Select a suitable universal beam section of a grade S355 steel based on the least weight. [5 marks] ii. Verify the suitability of the selected section against applied bending moment and shear force. [10 marks} ii, Evaluate the deflection of the beam under total load. [5 marks} Dead Load = 12 kN/m Live Load = 12 KN/m 8m FIGURE Q2bVCB 3022 & VDB 3032 FIGURE @3 shows a lap joint subjected to 50 KN eccentric load. Two 13 mm thick $275 plates have been joined using a single bolt of 16 mm diameter and grade 8.8. Check this lap joint with respect to the following: Given for grade 8.8 bolt, area of bolt Ar =157 mm?. a. Minimum and maximum edge and end distances. [5 marks] b. Load capacity of the connection with respect to bolt shear, bolt bearing, plate bearing and block shear. [10 marks] c. Tension capacity of plates. [5 marks] 1 No. 16 mm diameter bott 50kN WiiQWaar IS 13mm & 1 FIGURE Q3VCB 3022 & VDB 3032 FIGURE @4 shows a single bay portal frame. The frame has a uniform full plastic moment capacity of 30 kKN.m. The unfactored loads acting on the frame are shown in the figure. a. Identify the possible locations for plastic hinges and number of mechanisms. [5 marks] b. Evaluate the load factors for different possible mechanisms. [10 marks] c. Determine the correct collapse mechanism and the load factor against collapse. [5 marks] FIGURE Q4 -END OF PAPER-Universal column Section Prope! APPENDIX poral er 78 es 8 os, m0. ze oa 05 ta 123 os mo 20 ined 20 29 a2 83 ee 03 “6 at 4 es i 62 ey 305921) roa7e 24098 : Bea: = o 770 tke ws tee jo ise 2182 2 Aba Ga) 4a m2 15202 Gk 108 Toes Stems, 27016202 GBA 7 Saaei zoeee yaa 15202783 02 Grit 2050 20716202895 786 ase. 17559 ws i202 105 7) AtaHe eit Reet Cam (as es eae cm 0204 10209 142 ok saat te 5 780 7a cal seas 10700 187 1762 206 27072 059 we 52 91 249 729 7508 aR? 418 104 29908 9870 wo ar Sie 131 9 7531 he a ms ie me tat ono. oat 168 | tT, eel eae a ae tate mma tat a Str jo) one ann se eos 3m gar 1301 sos 444 13.4 1208 ‘a oe re 510 127 BESege ga8APPENDIX 28 & Hos att ‘mm fess Oost ae oe a8) ‘809 fe ome ee e080 at 2385 ast ae eis) one Pa ern oa on GAMA ot ie one o wie 0s ou foo case tan Pere me mn) om so) ast 20 a? ve BREE saN8 8 a 519 & 2GS5082 FREAPPENDIX Nominal Values of Yield Strength f, and Ultimate Tensile Strenath fy for Hot Rolled Structural Steel ‘Nominal thickness of the element ¢ [mm] Standard and 40 mm << 80 mm steel grade §, [N/mm] 4, [Nimm?) Hen 1025-2 s 235 235 360 21s 360 S275 215 430 255 410 s 355 355 510 335 470 50 440 sso | 410 550 ‘Table 6.2 (sheet 1 of 3}: Maximum width-to-thickness ratios for compression parts. ‘Internal compression parts 1 | ensme | esas wena 505: ts 2 wma 05 on 2 | crs | eres Be wena c05: «1 ASE - a = distribution % a lh : (compression A mi L 4 a wenyo a oe 3 eft sade ¥ 0,67 +0.33y ‘when y<-1" : ¢/t $6260 -wiCw) = Bs 2, 35, 30 co ae ee ee yg Sal applies where either the Compression aress 6 forthe tensile sain > YE 10APPENDIX Table 5.2 (sheet 2 of 3): Maximum width-to-thickness ratios for compression parts Outstand flanges c ©. 4 ttf fe | } i ‘Rolled sections Gare | Pet ebjet to compression Sie distribution _ + in parts = coupoessica | FR positive) 1 cits 9e 2 eft 108 Sie distation + inparts (compression positive) Ti zie dk, 3 cite eft S2iedk, Fork see EN 1993 = a os 335 20 750 . 1,00" 092 Oar O75 ‘Ort Table 4.1: Correlation factor fy for fillet welds Standard and steel grade i Correlation factor Ba EN 10025 EN 10210, EN 10219 3235 sae $2351 $2351 08 3273 5 S25 STIS NINE wezsty, | SeSNINLH oss $275 M/ML : i $275 MH/MLH 3355 $3551 $355 NINL $3551 In nia sostnan | Senna 8 5355 W 355 3 420NINE ; fauee $420 MIVMLH 10 $460 NINE Seo MM sasonnnen | Saco NINE 10 $.460 Q/QLIQLI Y 11APPENDIX Universal Beam Sections Properties and Dimensions G22at ion 18 foo ns ‘oro ms 4 to & RGSS RRRRRESE ER wen ssn 180 Mies tar) aa eo tea 170 joo ies 33 Seo tas 160 oe ie ar Se tse 33 eons an ses tea too ee ra an aya 92 tos sap ma) gy09 tem try ant tea tm 3 fez Sood Sey Sta rave tows tro ‘oa ms HS 2 ane dae 0 bast aes ts ame ker tna Joa. Sena Gos, tos tswo toon, tee gor fee ier Mas (ea Gia Sle des foree tock tae Sa vag f02 send as 50 need ted ae Tig fog Sooe Sas fun. teees an Yo 33 Me tog Sood ad a3 oo tee aa 187 ana oa fous soe 161 300 tae fee Ses ten toe ua ast fs tae fet tse be. 30 sunt a tee 5 oes on an asad 1289 07 tog 2 So tsa 3 3. 513 et 89 waz 00 m0 sie 1a ee 38 | asd ‘ 02 809 442 i ana tas 40 4a ms wre 133 tet iM ma SG ia ‘ar Sn aa ster tea “ia eo} i a ate saya oe ie tee ae Stik 2 G8 BS oe ins mi eu a7 9 32 feo hae a os a ai ed Se a ieoa ar i i gS? 288 jd taro) (arg 20 aa 12APPENDIX Universal Beam Sections Properties and Dimensions = @ = al & Ste See o = & & S & a = Si a oe 1830 j a ar te fe te 2 ‘=a ms Se Ste ie ete 3S 3 8 'S = Sm isa 3 49 1 om ie Sr . . 2S: eta ae weg e 80, “son ea) 0st Ni 79 teh Tae! ante. a n as 25 om im ate a ine ie i im tie 2% te i Ze is oe mw a ‘bie 67 | 68a wt a 208 5 is mom oe i es i = <9 east ah ee ante 195 SB 6 mS a a8 is o s 14 See a a we nea ee 13APPENDIX Partial safety factors: Design plastic resistance of the gross cross section: Af, Npiza = Design ultimate resistance of the net cross section at holes for fasteners a One eae Yon Votre = Av (fy/V3)/ yiwo Av=A=2b te +(twt2r) tr> hw tw 5=5wi/384 El For a plaster or similar brittle finish, the deflection limits are L/250 for Soar and L/350 for 8. Deflection checks are based on the serviceability loading.APPENDIX Table 3.1; Nominal values of the yield strength fy» and the ultimate tensile strength fu for bolts Bolt class 46 [4 8 56 58 68 88 10.9 Jy (N/mm?) 240 320 300 400 480 640 900 J (Nim?) 400 400 500 500 600 800 1000 Categories of bolted connections Criteria Remarks Shear connections A Fa S$ Font No preloading required. beoring ype Fo < Fone Bolt classes from 4.6 to 10.9 may be used. B Foss Festww | preloaded §.80F 109 bolts shouldbe used. slip-resistant at serviceability Fas 7 Faas For slip resistance at serviceability see 3.9. c Fos S Fane Preloaded 8.8 or 10.9 bolts should be used fipresistamatuliimae [E80 S Foxe For slip resistance at ultimate see 3.9. slip-resiciant at citi Foca © Nana Nana 98€ 3.4.1(1) 0). Tension connections D koe F No preloading required. aS Fina Bolt classes from 4.6 to 10.9 may be used. son-preloaded Fist S Buna Bona see Table 3.4. E Fis S Fine Preloaded 8.8 or 10.9 bolts should be used. preloaded Fis = Byna Bigna see Table 3.4 “The Gesign tensile Torte Fa, Should include any force due to prying action, see 3.11. Bolts subjected 10 both shear force and tensile force should also satisfy the criteria given in Table 3.4. 15APPENDIX ‘Table 3.3: Minimum and maximum spacing, end and edge distances Distances and ‘Minimum Maximum!” sracings, 7 Suuctares mode fom aeels confomning see Figure 3.1 EN 10025 except steels conforming to beset dred EN 1025-5 = senforning Telepewto he [Stecrmarewpecd@ [ay weather or other the weather or other | Stee! asc corrosive influences _| corrosive influences: unprotected End distance e, 140 mm The larger of tnd disancee 12a [ars 40 Teele of Edge distance ey 12d) 4r40mm eee Disance es 2 in slotted holes 1 Sto Disanese 7 in slotted holes Se ; Tic apailrof The smollerof |The wnaler oF Spacing Ps 22dy | 14r or 200mm. 14 or 200 mam tea, OF 178 msm Te smaller oF Spacing pie oes The smaller of Spacing pi 28° or 400 mm [The smaller of |The smallerot [The salle of > Spacing ps 2Ado | Lae cr 200 mm L4ror 200 mm. Mdtaie oF 175 mm Maximum values for spacings, edge and end distances are unlimited, except in the following cases: for compression members in order to avoid Joeal buckling und to prevent corrosion in exposed ‘members and: {for exposed tension members to prevent corrosion, > The focal buckling resistance of the plate in compression between the fasteners should be calculated according to EN 1993-I-1 using 0,6 py as buckling length. Local buckling between the fasteners heed not to be checksd if p/t is smaller than 9. The edge distance should not exceed the local buckling requirements for an outstand element in the compression members, see EN 1993-I-1. The| tend distance is not affected by this requirement. 5 isthe thickness of the thinner outer connected part. The dimensional limits for slotted holes are given in 1.2.7 Reference Standards: Group 7. For staggered rows of fasteners a minimum line spacing of p2 = 1.2d may be used, provided thatthe minimum distance, L, between any two fasteners is greater oF equal than 24, see Figure 3.16). 16APPENDIX Table 3.4: Design resistance for individual fasteners subjected to shear and/or tension Failure mode Bolts is af - @, fe A Shear resistance per shear | f- »4 fi Plane Ya ~ where the shear plane passes through the threaded portion of the bolt (4 is the tensile stress area of the bolt 4): = for classes 4.6, 5.6 and 8.8: ay = 0,6 ~ for classes 4.8, 5.8, 6.8 and 10.9: a, = 05 ~ where the shear plane passes through the unthreaded portion of the bolt (4 is the gross cross, section of the bolt): a, = 0,6 Bearing resitince”™™” |, hits fad Yu where ay is the smallest of ag + fe or 1,0; in the direction of load transfer: = ir Bd ~ for end bolts: ag= —- : for inner bolts: Ae . 3a, * Me imernome” 3d, 4 perpendicular to the direction of load transfer: ~foredge bolts: isthe smallest of 28e 17 02,5 for inner bolts: is the smallest of 1,4 7 HU 7 025 Tesionresisance™ fhe a. ran 8b Te& Yue Yue ),63 for countersunk bolt, otherwise &) = 0.9. Punching shear resistance |Byns = 0,04 dnp fa! ree No check needed ‘Combined shear and Fa, Fist eyg tension Fay WF ons 9 The bearing resistance Fina for bolts in oversized holes ix 0,8 times the bearing resistance for bolts in normal holes. _- in slotted holes, where the longitudinal axis of the slotted hole is perpendicular to the direction of the force transfer, is 0,6 times the bearing resistance for bolts in round, normal holes. 2 For countersunk bolt: the bearing resistance Far should be based on a plate thickness 1 equal to the thickness of the connected plate minus half the depth of the countersinking. for the determination of the tension resistance Figs the angle and depth of countersinking should conform with 2.4 Reference Standards: Group 4, otherwise the tension resistance Fins should be adjusted accordingly. 3 When the load on a bolt is not parallel to the edge, the bearing resistance may be verified separately for the bolt load components parallel and normal to the end, 17APPENDIX 3.10.2 Design for block tearing (1) Block tearing consists of failure in shear at the row of bolts along the shear face of the hole group accompanied by tensile rupture along the line of bolt holes on the tension face of the bolt group. Figure 3.8 shows block tearing. (2) For a symmetric bolt group subject to concentric loading the design block tearing resistance, Vor.ize i3 given by: Veena = 6 Aa tyoa + (1 NB) fy Aas /700 + B.9) where: Aw is netarea subjected to tension; Aw is net area subjected to shear. (3) Fora bolt group subject to eccentric loading the design block shear tearing resistance Varna is given by: Veena = 43 fy Ame /prar + (11 V3) Ane fins 3.10) 1 small tension force 2 large shear force 3 small shear farce 4 large tension force Figure 3.8: Block tearing 18