10-90

10-97 A steam power plant operates on an ideal reheat-regenerative Rankine cycle with one reheater and
two feedwater heaters, one open and one closed. The fraction of steam extracted from the turbine for the
open feedwater heater, the thermal efficiency of the cycle, and the net power output are to be determined.
Assumptions 1 Steady operating conditions exist. 2 Kinetic and potential energy changes are negligible.
Analysis
High-P
Turbine
8 T 1 MPa
Low-P
Boiler 9 Turbine 8 10
15 MPa
10 5 9 y 11
13
1-y-z 6 0.6 MPa
4
11 y z 12
12 z 3 0.2 MPa
5 Condenser 2
Closed Open 7
fwh P II fwh I 5 kPa 1-y-z
2 13
4 3 1 1
s
6 PI

7
(a) From the steam tables (Tables A-4, A-5, and A-6),
h1 = h f @ 5 kPa = 137.75 kJ/kg
v1 = v f @ 5 kPa = 0.001005 m 3 /kg
wpI,in = v 1 (P2 P1 )
( ) 1 kJ
= 0.001005 m 3 /kg (200 5 kPa )
1 kPa m 3



= 0.20 kJ/kg
h2 = h1 + wpI,in = 137.75 + 0.20 = 137.95 kJ/kg

P3 = 0.2 MPa h3 = h f @ 0.2 MPa = 504.71 kJ/kg

3
sat.liquid v 3 = v f @ 0.2 MPa = 0.001061 m /kg
wpII,in = v 3 (P4 P3 )
( )
= 0.001061 m3/kg (15,000 200 kPa )
1 kJ

1 kPa m3
= 15.70 kJ/kg
h4 = h3 + wpII,in = 504.71 + 15.70 = 520.41 kJ/kg

P6 = 0.6 MPa h6 = h7 = h f @ 0.6 MPa = 670.38 kJ/kg

3
sat.liquid v 6 = v f @ 0.6 MPa = 0.001101 m /kg

h5 = h6 + v 6 (P5 P6 )
T6 = T5
( ) 1 kJ
= 670.38 + 0.001101 m 3 /kg (15,000 600 kPa )
1 kPa m 3



= 686.23 kJ/kg

P8 = 15 MPa h8 = 3583.1 kJ/kg

T8 = 600C s = 6.6796 kJ/kg K
8
P9 = 1.0 MPa
h9 = 2820.8 kJ/kg
s 9 = s8
P10 = 1.0 MPa h10 = 3479.1 kJ/kg
T10 = 500C s10 = 7.7642 kJ/kg K

PROPRIETARY MATERIAL. 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Limited distribution permitted only to teachers and
educators for course preparation. If you are a student using this Manual, you are using it without permission.
 10-91

P11 = 0.6 MPa

h11 = 3310.2 kJ/kg
s11 = s10
P12 = 0.2 MPa
h12 = 3000.9 kJ/kg
s12 = s10
s13 s f 7.7642 0.4762
x13 = =
s fg 7.9176
= 0.9205
P13 = 5 kPa
h13 = h f + x13h fg
s13 = s10
= 137.75 + (0.9205)(2423.0 )
= 2368.1 kJ/kg
The fraction of steam extracted is determined from the steady-flow energy balance equation applied to the
feedwater heaters. Noting that Q& W& ke pe 0 ,

E& in E& out = E& system 0 (steady) = 0

E& in = E& out

m& h = m& h
i i e e m& 11 (h11 h6 ) = m& 5 (h5 h4 )
y (h11 h6 ) = (h5 h4 )

where y is the fraction of steam extracted from the turbine ( = m& 11 / m& 5 ). Solving for y,
h5 h4 686.23 520.41
y= = = 0.06287
h11 h6 3310.2 670.38
For the open FWH,
E& in E& out = E& system 0 (steady) = 0
E& in = E& out

m& h = m& h
i i e e

m& 7 h7 + m& 2 h2 + m& 12 h12 = m& 3 h3

yh7 + (1 y z )h2 + zh12 = (1)h3
where z is the fraction of steam extracted from the turbine ( = m& 12 / m& 5 ) at the second stage. Solving for z,
(h3 h2 ) y(h7 h2 ) 504.71 137.95 (0.06287 )(670.38 137.95)
z= = = 0.1165
h12 h2 3000.0 137.95
(b) q in = (h8 h5 ) + (h10 h9 )
= (3583.1 686.23) + (3479.1 2820.8) = 3555.3 kJ/kg
q out = (1 y z )(h13 h1 ) = (1 0.06287 0.1165)(2368.0 137.75) = 1830.4 kJ/kg
wnet = q in q out = 3555.3 1830.4 = 1724.9 kJ/kg
and
q out 1830.4 kJ/kg
th = 1 = 1 = 48.5%
q in 3555.3 kJ/kg

(c) W& net = m& wnet = (42 kg/s )(1724.9 kJ/kg ) = 72,447 kW

PROPRIETARY MATERIAL. 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Limited distribution permitted only to teachers and
educators for course preparation. If you are a student using this Manual, you are using it without permission.