Documente Academic
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2
Azmi Kamardin
2015-2016 S01
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Tensile Test Tensile Test
Data recorded from tensile tests are max load,
tensile strength, failure location, %elongation &
%reduction of area.
Quantitative test results can be used in the
design of welded structure.
Fracture surface appearance at the failure
location provided information on the presence
and/or effects of discontinuities such as
incomplete fusion, incomplete penetration,
porosity, inclusions & cracking.
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Tensile Test Tensile Test
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%elongation can be calculated by fitting both %reduction in area of a round specimen is given
broken ends and measure the new gauge length by:
Indicate the amount of plastic deformation prior
to fracture. %RA = Di - Df x 100
Di
%E = Lf Li x 100
Li Di = initial diameter
Df = final diameter
Lf = final gauge length
Li = initial gauge length 19 20
Tensile Test Shear Test
Failure location region of the specimen at Determine the shear strength of fillet welds,
which final failure occurs. brazed joints & spot welds.
3 categories: base metal, HAZ or weld Materials separate parallel to load
Fabrication code & Acceptable shear strength ~ 60% of tensile
standard require failure strength of base metal.
location to be in the Types: tension shear test & peel test
base metal.
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Shear Test Shear Test
30 mm
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- 500 kg load
electronic unit
Hard ferrous metal (display &
handwheel
programming
(to regulate rising
- 3000 kg load keyboard)
screw)
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Hardness Test Hardness Test
Rockwell hardness test: Vickers hardness test:
1/16 steel ball & 120-diamond cone
Minor load of 10 kg
Major load 60-150 kg
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Hardness Test Hardness Test
Microhardness test:
Light load < 200g
Polished surface is required
A series of regularly spaced indentations across the
base metal, HAZ and weld metal.
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Toughness Test Toughness Test
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Plain-strain fracture toughness test Nil ductility transition (NDT) temperature test
Measure the resistance of metals to brittle Measure the temp at which the fracture
fracture propagation in the presence of stress behavior of a metal changes from ductile to
raiser such as weld defects. brittle in the presence of a stress raiser.
Determine the allowable internal size of Carbon & low alloy steels show sharp
discontinuity that might lead to a catastrophic transition in toughness when temperature
failure decreases cold weather.
Pressure vessels, storage tanks, airplanes &
ships
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Toughness Test Break Test
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Break Test
Fillet weld break test:
Specimen is tested with the
weld root in tension.
Qualify tack welding
The specimen is pressed
and bent to produce fracture
at or neat the weld.
Fracture surface is
examined for evidence of
incomplete fusion or
porosity
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