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ELECTRIC FIELD Lecture Notes
q1=24C
Ex: Find q1and q2 6. Coulombs Law
r
a) if touched inside For two point charges:
b) if touched outside 2r 3r q1 q2
F F
d
q2=12C Forces are equal (Newtons third law)
Magnitude is:
c) Charging by induction: qq
Ex: F 1 22
d
qq
F = (const) 1 2 2
d
metal Constant written in two ways:
q1q 2
plastic supports F=k or
d2
Separate the metals, then remove the rod.
1 q1q 2 1 2
Nm
F= 2
k= = 9109
Grounding: [When a conductor is touched to 4 d 0
4 0 C
2
0 = 8.8510-12 2
(permittivity of free space)
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Nm
Ex:
[Which means these constants are calculated for
vacuum between charges. Charges immersed in water,
for example, formula is the same, only the constants
change.]
e {Coulombs law is for charges at rest. If both charges
are moving, the law does not apply.}
First cut the wire, then remove the rod.
Ex: Find F=?
Electroscope q1= 5C q2= -2C
{Class demonstrations}
d=30 cm
+3q -q
Ex: What will happen
F1 d F1
when object touched?
Find F2/F1=?
d
F2 F2
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ELECTRIC FIELD Lecture Notes
{We are trying to save time, so we dont give q and d values Superposition:
in the class} q2
[In superposition principle, when force of q1 on q is being
q1q2 qq qq
calculated, q2, q3, q4, are to be simply forgetten, their PE = k +k 1 3 k 2 3 d12 d13
presence or absence does not change force of q1 on q.] d12 d13 d 23
[There are other forces in the figure above (forces on q1 and q1 q3
q2), but they are not drawn, because they are not acting on q, d23
and we are wanted the force on q]
4 charges bring 6 such terms
Ex: Find net force on q3. (q1= 2mC, q2=4mC, q3=1C)
q1 q3 q2
30 cm 20 cm
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Ex: At what point will a third charge be in Ex: Find final KE of q2. q1 fixed.
equilibrium?
PEi= -120J
q1= 3mC q2= 12 mC q1 d q2
120 cm
v
Ex: Example 1.16 from SURAT Physics 2. Ex: q1 fixed. a) Find KE of q2 at 3d.
b) Find KEmax of q2. Where does it occur?
Ex: (HW) Find the tension in the rope. q1 q2
PEi= +120J
T d
q1
v
d q1 3d q2
q2 b) At infinity PE=0.
q1 q2
2 mC 5 mC
3d
q2
Ex: Find F on q3.
d d
c) [We cant use W=F.x because force changing]
q1 q3 Wext= (Energy)
d But KE is not changing (v=const)
So: Wext= PE = PEf - PEi
Fel q2 Fext
[ d) Find Welectrical forces=?
Since Felectric is opposite to Fext, Welectrical forces=-Wext.]
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ELECTRIC FIELD Lecture Notes
qt F F N
E= unit: +
qt C
Q E E /4
d d
2C 5C
Ex: Find electric field at
midpoint between charges. 60 cm
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ELECTRIC FIELD Lecture Notes
M
Ex: {extra} Find final speed of particle.
E
Ex: Find a point where 2q q
E=0 100 cm v0=0
vf=?
m
12. Electric field lines
Properties: d
9 Field lines start from (+) and terminate at (-) charges
9 Closer lines means stronger field Ex: {extra} An electron is in 105 N/C uniform electric
9 Parallel lines mean uniform field field. Initial velocity is zero. Find speed and
displacement 10 seconds later. (Neglect gravity)
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