14.08.2016 POWER ELECTRONICS Content. Power Semiconductor Devices AC ee DE converters Dl to AC converters De to AC inverters AC € AL inverters Poser Supplies nik neh OAc co DC converters a Tyee AC €0 DC converters Cnconteoled Sern Controlied Paty Corteotted Consertert Converters convertert # Uncontrolled conerters gre macs earth dudes enly % Sern contrelled comerten are mada cxcth ciated and dpyrstos. } Pilg controlled! converters are made eseeh thyrstert only In addition fo three hase types, there are Some varieds types incom portals additirral Panctions such a5 pf improverment, input current deter tion minimization eec. and these types are cise Wonsistort, rmoctly TORT: Dr agren type ue hase exgle phase versten ard tree phase version. of conterber®. Single phase comesion rs forserving for power levelt and phree phase version for pnectiiny #2 bigh paser levels4) Uncontrolled Converters. 1. Sigh - Phase Comerters Ix phase converters eat ™ Le Halt Wave Gull wave Converters Converters rage abt * pan CD. Halk Wave converte This is the simplest converter and alco the poorest quakes. Tre ta meet Used wren capacrtor feeling oa 5 pooer scpples » hited ap = Aa value of Vi Yes fee fopuit vn Coenuen = mtn 00 Vn ~ Peak value of / el pacts F emedertoe| wk aed) a® Burng Ta pecitl, capacitor serves food eoirent Te easing 2 a wektage clmp Cave), : Cae ce ay Up = Ze 2hC Cunene de, exes aluring Tr and "2, contacts. The eterceren tan ard hence, have high peak. C teense total enecgy conuimied ky the load per cycle needs to be vpphed cLering Shut tne T) + TF ee rcwase C, ther AYe cll besamlien which 1s g ord but Tr ool be ohorters creating very high earrert peok Couith apessibilty of cliode fajjunes) Soa compromise ve nevestory Bc: Sregle phrase half csareclrads converter exith a capacitor filer ss.ecpphed by ote, BBV, [ph Ae supply via 152) wep dean TH Lead resistance fe 88 and Alter capacitance rs (BECO h. Anctuction eoliage across al can be taken as 0.7V constant. Find, 1) Mean value of euepun wltege 1D peak~ prot ryple In the outpat votage wer Mey ans; f= 50 te Wem = 2" Atty = Nt a2 $a c+ (RECO YE ee oySStemmraee: Stra, 19 O77 y Drs ener ter 1% cig WY DOF aed higeakeg @ Sapaciter filter ANd analy it foe m0 opphishen, = ductive lead connec Cpaerive titesrag Fate FS Wik G Cpacitor firey,Vn = Peak.of AC raltoge Vs aS > Eitaceeion atoge dnp cress actede [Ver Vn 2% Desnag Bme Tea, capscitor server load cement Ty, ancl vo hagednp bg Avs and TSS Te Erequency ef cipple in Vo Linrent. tg Cwahich 12 some as current melteles), are pedet eccwnag denis TL the hiphase reverse voltage applied acrace a etre (2 appronmatly Yn Uh necessary we con meepocate optenal features te.he Converter farit b0 posmas "cleat teitput* or" selectable mputs™ ‘ iy, Lobe Be Ee "|| fh Pa & ft ase vl (rigs Can— Duna tve half egele av half (at the cee y) charges Sita te ee LE eae esr chal adel tal aya har sada bape phe te ae halt charges eyper Cpauter * During tre hall cle BED, condect Denny ve half aycle Py Pq Conduct ~ Seleceable ~ inputs ey pt Full wave converter — Cawteh § is used to select mput voltage between bree vali ee: ov & 2gov D Jn thes converter we can tise Vy of either (207, ar 59 7. value tx. 9300 07 15, for the same Vo for 1007 Vp, 08 keep $ opr for 507% Vo. oe keep s closed Chile 5 1s open normal half wove recer fication fonction tokesploce Chile 6 13 closed, — Bunrg te hal wae 9D, charges the cyper capaciegr by fall votkoge Ye = Dunng -ve half cycle Dy Charges the lower eqpacitor dg full save voltage \e. Thus, vy Cnet) 19 ermilar #8 that produced by «26 Voltage.Case 21 With nduchve tad coxthouta filter — come firmed te and B eaith continuous i, Cenact csare fom) tha bthns) agp eos + ceaveform of We, t4and ty) Oth continues fe Caporon iy taveform ascoming email BL.)Cut current tq has small mpple bet cao be ignored! for appre analys cspecaly eshen the (oalees inducvarce Is very hegh Sa [im sceds a Input deplacemorn angle = phase angle beesseen Vs are (BS) fund Dnpett chsplacemernt factor = cos Cmput deplacement angle) + eosCo") Sig 184 square wave and ean be txponded wseing Purrer sedet t= £24 Comets 1 snsat+ 1 sort comtry % 3 = 7 Guat Rnd ims = AEefe) = Je Te Crcterch hormones 0 fe a > AM oct harmannes yy Ce preetme + Toy fetal Harmonic Distorssion C THD), eet tenes seer ag Te, harmanre) ens Ces, feanet) rms = [Geen — Cte, Ant ons Gs han rng [Gate Dime 4Dsorton Factor CFF), OM, -~ (& rom % > Cerenbdimt S6Tye 455 Cae, eel and Te = 90% Grr) 3) (7a er Ge) =! oe i To Mise 02 can fine reel power P, redctine pre Q, aypperant paser Bo ane poocer factor CPF) Bd the mp is | eth ineet exe 0 Wms Ch tod me» Dis S 2 CMD ams» Che, eotel) rms These results offer the follecsings /dlemtseres P= Came «Cis, fina)eme. BF 2° CUeems. Gs, ratlome: PEEx: Show thae C ts, Fund) rms = expasion of 4 eenthact using Rover % for idealized , loss ree conversicn Fin = Pout £ Wams Ce bene me, Bese = (Ve mean 2 Ee CEs = 2B Cv) rm 2 Cts, pind) ems = 2B Te ~ Sele ex: foicer factor and the elsplaciment factor at the nput-of a, certain converter feeding on incluceste laad Oe 0.78 and 0-95 respectively Food, 1) Displacement Factor fer mput current hi) Fotet hormome dretorcien for impute eurre ne: ANS: pr = 0.75 Def s oas Oe ee _ 8 rery Ber “te Je 8 = TT114 = apap Dv sron poydd> abeyor osi021 you spore» were danpabrryes IY fo myer yood syreses Buoy of 47 70 miro pee gprarvcs 2g ping nip yarer pom yooorldo gs cms) of 0? 20) ee a a yroqererp sen dOE pace ssp ang ‘sepatves ME sbpug 242 Jo sou Ferrurncrdde 8 abe on 261d. 14), -shiddrs cred DC abeyon ove} fia Fanrnrrsues se} pool 31 91 08 desp a6ep/0% wwrpumpeue? tome] pith pub Gepoins 2) Fepere 0-04 uassey yo obeavingas a> 501) 124/9°V0? aly 2083 putes -wi2000 enor urd CtOrth inductive leak Leah Pelee © fot be ladetmtocy peal lope cake Fla dan Coed inductance ia high bein el Slea Sh eee. he care Gralla Udphecknkit angle Wig lean Bootes, etal harrane ebutorsyon, detonation, pacertacka reel potent, rencetie poser all as dad ins cares of bridge cowartr©) Three phase Converters D Malf wave converter arena z =F Scere a fe Tdealisect secorday side voltage Ves ting Line Cine voltage fin this arrangement ef ang Constant of éume, the clinde that receives the greatest of Va, ve anh le concleseesLTE TTY SH | Pie a i ' ce a nee ak + ewe Bee i I os ” Ae ebserred in the cevrent wewefomt, ta dy ancl te new have assy Hl DC componsnt. Toe Stuatan creates prosleme fox the TF at it cannot delivers contiaiout IE current, Ohch mean the Th esas in henry saturation Because of tht reason, fralf cove three phase aanver snot more popular in practice Gomersay hoo 1b 18 yet povible £0 handle tht Jo caurent issue by wong & Zig 244 eoinclinge fr the «ind Secondany coinding. For em casing dalea~Zigiag CDA) transfomer, IF necessary Ex: Thee phase naff coave comertar 1s suppied va a, 230 Sphate TP. Coad Cohneteed bo che tqmecter tel Ligh i thebaby @ and ene (oad carton pan be. pasnrired bo bal contend: Brave the roars Poros of the eowrint Sth a*ial i coindinge of thu eransformer ae A Deltawy Peet - : ze] toe ToEEE & ercieer ke} a te As che caveform of primary phase ccurerte fob ata ety Merete, they donot fee havea Fe comporeneRieple ampliaide of by 1 = fa es Kipple frequency of ve is > xf Peak reverse voltage apphed across any olindle «SV,lo Fall wove Converter Spb AC WF Resume: Ty 6 continuous due © load wdtetance Ae sep ly 12 rdeal. In ths converter the parr of cliates ( one from expe! half? ond ebe sther Gree lovser alt) that’ re cecces the greatest voltage. Cie In conderces bine voltage ) = Line -Uine yeot0Qe8 Yaa Vac, Yen From a balanced 8 -ph see Ructher, fine voltage Va, Me 40" ahead of phate voltage Ya forthe storcad 2,b, € phase sequence + thses of tye, tec, ex art other oppauites ven YeaTo 7k DI conducts ae {on Pe See 2 cthervse 0 fm, conducts : i ye (Fy eolues Nn 1 De condances, For oust voltage (Ve) CVemean = CMe Fook - peak ripple in Yo 16 = Ve ~ JB Vi care" * BWCI- coeae') Ripple Fequency = _6f Tht, Vo has lower 1ppl ampliide and hgher pple fequency « Ceompored co half wave converte: ) bath of satien a” Bevoniagreut nD Foe input carrert Cia) Duplacenene ong ~ phase ergle between phate voltage ond phate feunent fundamental Ceg Va 84 Cte Vranas ) powee, that the peatet (ig) Pend 16 20% behind the peat af Yea ie at the peat ot VaDisplacement Faces cod Cedisplocement’olgle) Conerderng 4 l26s\ free cance sion’: MW CB) eontings Dt AM Cte, rm" Chal aes cba Total Hermanie Destorssten CTHDY THD Cha narmanre ta, ford emt “il Ca. tonal) ms Gh, tend ems cos C2") = Wee ee JEM wr re _. a ToWet |the the wltage diagram, coe con rently thé pa beera oF diocles that cendudee in coneecative 60" invervalt tine voHaght Peak Diodar wndoee12 Pomer Fact CAF) = Real poser PM CF poten —— FEM CIR, getesng LOO 4 Reactive Petcee Dicecstion tester Bee) = Ch, ante fe indiuctsol diodes ip the carwerbee 3 Poak ceverse voltage = J Ve f Ze “4 a —hCLL Crest value aPearrent =Fully Contra ied Conveetent Filg controled ecmerters are beu't using thypistors, Thyrsear action eomeshae yelated to that of dreds . cat cle - ote Diode conducts as soon 16 beers furccord biased Tryrstou gets ready bo conduct as gaon as rt Becomes fouserd biased. Bat actual conduction starts only afeer recauing @ narrns current pula. Cog. so0mM, boyd) 26 the gate terminal Cie’ call triggeriog”, Diede Stops condesctin after it recut: biased, Thyistor ales seupt after +t pam 12 reverse kiasel for a bre por tess than its." feun FF time”, meascred from the vostant of current becoming 2ero Mast fully controlled cenvertert feed inductive taads im practice Ch Single Phase Converters CD Half Wave Converter Half wave converters are rarely sed sp pracrue, but thar come Keadermie ups bance ie Women13 Am clelay Fring angle CPhase ang delay betieen the poirt of ge keing forccard biased ae the paint of eragering) el Po Curent Extinction angle C phase angle delay betiveen the resistive cunrent - zero Pert and actual carrint-nere point) Krwecing Va, @,L,@ and o& are cor fad (Ve mein » Cte )neen, CL )puce pal HA half anne hypeter comirte ve supplied by 230%, 50s AL main and it feeds an induction load that can be considered a6 @ caries connection Of SOR reeitter and 75 mit mductance, Thynicter fring vt devs et:th a clay Png angle of 80° Jetemine, 4 1) Carrart ereinetion argh Mean oad ceurant 4) Pash load eeurine Mean autper voltageOD Fut. Ware ¢ ¢ > Converter Ea Aesomplion: Load carrer 18. continua ab approx constant ‘Since fy te continsoce, the tograter pore a doe tin catinieh cntll de nce pen fe tT voleage Va cree) Weenie! = Ju a ain dE setae js cot Vee. casa 24 By altering , e826 can cet CWpren ab ary Volite be tsseen | 2.y and ~ Ble Far input ceurent ty t Duplacemen-angle = & Lope Die F + cosa) Assuming a less Free conversion | Pn» Prue BE) GO fodems Del =) (Ve yrean To (i) Goeed gg O47 Ble ct * (Gy burdens ™ fer indinedusal dvodes Peat reverce vollage - Vp Mean Cenvent — Rms Cenrene Civ) Fuall «Wave C Eridge) converter considering supply side mdutctance % Input to the converter cosines from a trantfiemee, or clect anes Macayt Lil Hh 8 Chase 16 an, internal Impedance mn Vt | supply, which 1 mostly an inductive reactarce Contributed by an eFlectve | dé | I. | gdm mange Becones Baad ="4 - Delay fang angle “a candicten aurep angie) | > Daring everlap angle 4 beth paics of thyristors (T., Te & Ty,Te) condact Srmaltareasily. This leed it chore circuited mating Wn 0, Sauce 1s alse where circuited enabling rapt transfer of current Consider Te,Ta t0 Te tronsfer of current by Cotorting at aot =a) Le lis 2 Ve = uesornine; ele di — in one ke flips einede dy. a ier) fet Wa ele coe Cura) ale Hu ew 4 Coll (corm 2Trete,) Ve Using the axprision eve can find tt Lee Ae = cekieton 19 man dese to tencluction aver lap = SFP in sneda € = eile) € aye agen)(DB > Phase Convertor ©) Half-Wove Converter jee 4 Half coave converter 13 mot popular duse ts demrencing ef edecent from the 3 ph source, hich carrot be deivered by th transformer. Plowerer edhea the Converter £4 not having ibs: oun transformer and pacer consdimed by the converter is only @ tira percentage of the total poccer at the PCC C paint of common ceaptng) af che main trontforner,, the cpacation of hal P coos donserter i2 pote peroblem > Assampton: Lead carront hy 18 conein ‘and aporon. esnebere = fe i Because of continuovs f,, the presint thyristor continues be canclace until | thener Elgrstor tates over Yop eet ge AD . ~ > ot Nqi - Peak walte of phase engh voltage Ve = RMS vale of Line - Le voltage Be BY iLe Cena? Caan =f) Uy cose ae [Sincar6e) ~ Sine 00 J “e208 a sink SB cot 3 vm cose 2 BBM cates 1s 6 variable bet-reen 2" and 1801 Accarctngly CYemrean 1 div ctabl betareen BBV and - ahh, 2 ae @) Half Wore converter considering supply side inductance CLs) be = Supply cide indesctance per peSILT Pl edeelchel ll ehed “AG Ta oh eg a fam 8 Is tmattantcosly. Qurmg thes time baa Ty dT, condace Sime ltaneeust eleing eve, Wis “ 0:6, au - oF he Chaetedos ahs we Oh i Fe cohen tos phases are am 10 cewddtetion averlag. Va tll be the mean of the -tve phase “vo kagec ®: tA ey a + a Wate) > Yele® = Vn din (8-240) nce = SB en Corset > , = Be sn CO-30°) ale & Goon ea) Stee fy fee ae . Gt OTs = SE be C cetee ~ 28 Coeees) Ral; + lh flote - easce na] RealsWoe eb 4 C05" (Cosh = 22le\ fave Lf lee Ale = reductian 17 Copy eqy lute to condlaction over bp Gorse se) (a4) 46 adits according to Ve = Va- Le din te be bia ae [Cuwide= J atedis16.07 2018 Gi) Ful -Endge Converter a x Tiegh ph AC supply [source Acsumptiont - To continuout and F - Feqacney hos reglegible ripple Vo ~ rms ne vottoge arch ° _ 7 _ a feeehe C)rona 7 Te. of Ty condacts We £0 f Ti condacer -Io if Te condacts { Vag 1 f Ta canctwctr _ —\s Fa Me NO meai = LF \Weasode mre pa = SM Fan evas) ~ Sine oF 2 . bole = ecard Sngo 2 fase = SHY esa (mean +z ant 5: te Cyraan 1 adjustable beecozen ae and pty ale eh, (dean: | Ee (2) 4, 0D me 2 Ca) > Me ¢ 4 cata). Te GE rant ms * fe To C14 coed) cory) + Bde 2 cas*CH) Reo) > eB a em) DEF for semcanwerter is cos (a), where a8 1 for fully tontrolied converter is “cone "| CIhon ever pre nted tve voly adjustable voleage oie shocild go fara Semconver ter Becduce, CG) Be has an improved ales F GW Teas a lower cost dase €9 recluced eaunt of thyrista Peak morse voltage applied to each thyristor is * Ym Gksi Et iynore: Qe have several ether atternstive arrangements foc the (ph temic anverte option Opts? — fi cdaal of fea dosten ail otnnl cide: Indocbetee j Ug = thyrter cunimeseat eectapangl Ug — Diole comment ceeetap angle ag and che meaning desieet both conde At cach commutation, the eHegeoo For Vet . Ae each teguster commutation point game elt cadton orcas re Coste fram Vo Cpu ne aieilar volt radian lost ot diode commutation pours) on aed \ 7 1 aie [Mm snede OD Z Dewiog Urs be dtc ~ Ve dt « eohe cde © Vn sine de Kaur als fan = Tf Vin ne do ——@ ® @, te ne ete [dt - olede *” avs 4 | Le xhtet, 2) 2f hele Coudeiction inl enae IE = 4 Gen BS) @® Scala Ta= Vn Gore ~ Cos Candy) oT. Vm ti [dele ee | eval (epee Dusng dude eomantation areclep Uy’, ts dis 2 Me de; i ele dig 1 Vm Sin ® ; Oret y 46(WeVmeon = Ym C14 C08e)| —| Me © ove > aflste uy + -« + Caf Gore ~ oleh) vo Uy 4 sei, aush) for ts Becaute ef conduction ovelep the Cig, fond ) 16 [499d appx by (det, ) angle behind, compared €0'the cast rh Le 2 Input Du ange & x + & Wig) re wen Gen 2 aS 2 Dice = cae(At teeth.) Ge tectum = CV mean: be We. Die F E